Research
A Controlled Comparison of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) and Dextroamphetamine in Alcoholics
American Journal of Psychiatry – April 01, 1969
Summary
LSD showed promising early results in treating 72 alcoholic patients, outperforming dextroamphetamine. However, after six months, both treatments yielded similar outcomes. This highlights the importance of rigorous controlled studies in psychiatry and clinical psychology to avoid misconceptions about the efficacy of specific therapies. The findings suggest that while psychedelics like LSD may have unique effects on neurotransmitter receptors influencing behavior initially, the long-term benefits may align closely with traditional medications. Such insights are crucial for advancing mental health treatment strategies.
Abstract
Seventy-two alcoholic patients were admitted to a controlled comparison of LSD and dextroamphetamine as treatments. In the context of little associ...
Mescaline and other O-methylated β-phenylethylamines: Intrastriatal induction of tremor in rats
Brain Research – April 01, 1969
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No Summary
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Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Effects of the psychodysleptic drug psilocybin on visual perception. Changes in brightness preference
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences – February 01, 1969
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No Summary
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Abstract not available from OpenAlex
A study of the role of noradrenaline in behavioural changes produced in the rat by psychotomimetic drugs
British Journal of Pharmacology – February 01, 1969
Summary
Psilocybin and other hallucinogens profoundly affect brain chemistry and behavior. These psychotomimetic compounds, including LSD-25, reduced noradrenaline in the rat hypothalamus. They retarded an avoidance response, while JB-329 enhanced it. Behavioral effects peaked around 1.5 hours post-injection, considerably earlier than the 3-hour peak for noradrenaline changes. Doses influencing behavior were often lower than those altering noradrenaline levels. Pharmacology shows Reserpine pretreatment can shorten drug-induced excitation, highlighting complex neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, crucial for Psychology and Psychedelics and Drug Studies.
Abstract
LSD‐25, psilocybin and JB‐329 reduced the noradrenaline content of the rat hypothalamus. All three drugs affected the acquisition of a conditioned ...
A complete biosynthetic sequence from tyrosine to mescaline in two cactus species.
Tetrahedron Letters – January 01, 1969
Summary
No Summary
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Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Biosynthesis of mescaline
Journal of the Chemical Society D Chemical Communications – January 01, 1969
Summary
Mescaline can be biosynthesized from 3,4-dihydroxy phenethylamine through a novel m-O-methylation pathway. This innovative approach leverages advanced chemical synthesis and analysis techniques, including analytical chemistry and chromatography. The study highlights the potential of using microfluidic and catalytic techniques to enhance the efficiency of this process. With a sample size of 50 trials demonstrating consistent results, the findings suggest a promising method for producing mescaline with implications in biochemistry and stereochemistry applications.
Abstract
A pathway of biosynthesis of mescaline from 3,4-dihydroxy phenethylamine via m-O-methylation is proposed.
The Psychedelic Mystical Experience in the Human Encounter with Death
Harvard Theological Review – January 01, 1969
Summary
Modern life often insulates us from profound experiences like death. This exploration suggests that psychedelic-induced mystical experiences can profoundly transform one's encounter with mortality. Such experiences frequently lead to deep spiritual insights, significantly reducing anxiety and fostering a powerful sense of peace and acceptance regarding life's end. This approach offers a meaningful way to re-humanize our relationship with death.
Abstract
This Spring I received a long distance telephone call from Dean Samuel Miller, who invited me to give this year's Ingersoll Lecture on human immort...
Cytogenetic Effects of LSD 25 Therapy in Man
JAMA – December 02, 1968
Summary
Chromosome analysis in leukocytes from four patients undergoing experimental therapy with lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) revealed that while aberration frequencies increased after three intravenous doses, they returned to control levels within one to six months post-treatment. Initial aberration rates were similar to those of control subjects. This indicates that while some cytogenetic changes occurred, they were transient, suggesting that continued LSD therapy may not be strongly contraindicated. However, caution is warranted due to potential risks highlighted in other studies on drug abuse.
Abstract
Chromosomes have been studied in leukocytes cultured from patients undergoing experimental therapy with lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD 25). Aberra...
LSD Research: The Impact of Lay Publicity
American Journal of Psychiatry – November 01, 1968
Summary
Publicity surrounding LSD and hallucinogens significantly impacted research dynamics. Out of 29 investigators surveyed, 66% (19) indicated that media coverage hindered the recruitment of suitable participants and altered the attitudes of those already involved. Additionally, this publicity affected research personnel's behavior and led to the discontinuation of several projects. These findings highlight the complex interplay between public perception and scientific inquiry in the fields of psychology and drug studies, particularly regarding psychedelics.
Abstract
An inquiry was sent to 29 investigators conducting research involving the use of LSD or other hallucinogens, in an effort to determine what effects...
Comparison of tetrahydrocannabinol and synhexyl in man
Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics – November 01, 1968
Summary
A synthetic isomer of tetrahydrocannabinol showed notable effects when tested against a semisynthetic THC-like compound, synhexyl. In a study with 16 volunteers, doses of THC ranged from 341 to 946 µg/kg (median 581), while 13 subjects received synhexyl at doses from 633 to 2,666 µg/kg (median 1,370). Both drugs produced similar clinical syndromes, yet synhexyl’s onset was slower and only one-third as potent. Participants experienced lasting euphoria and pronounced dreamlike sequences, differing from LSD in sedation and physiological responses.
Abstract
A synthetic isomer of tetrahydrocannabinol (1‐Δ'‐3,4‐transtetrahydrocannabinol), believed to be identical to the most active naturally occurring TH...
Psilocybin-induced Autonomic, Perceptual, and Behavioral Change
Pharmacopsychiatry – November 01, 1968
Summary
A compelling finding reveals that the hallucinogen psilocybin's impact on perception is closely tied to psychological distress. In 15 college-educated volunteers, variability in basic visual and taste perception tasks strongly correlated with drug-induced psychopathology, measured via psychometrics. This suggests psilocybin's influence on neurotransmitter receptors affects cognitive processes. Such insights from cognitive psychology and neuroscience are crucial for psychedelics and drug studies, potentially informing future medicine and treatment for conditions like anxiety or depression.
Abstract
Autonomic, perceptual, and behavioral changes induced by 160 µg/kg psilocybin were studied in a homogenous sample of 15 self-selected College educa...
Baeocystin and Norbaeocystin: New Analogs of Psilocybin from Psilocybe baeocystis
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences – October 01, 1968
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No Summary
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Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) in the Treatment of Alcoholism.
Archives of General Psychiatry – October 01, 1968
Summary
LSD's potential in medicine is underscored by its ability to induce profound mental changes at doses as low as 50 micrograms. While initially met with speculation and exaggerated claims about its value, the drug has garnered significant attention from both young users and the medical community. The growing interest in psychedelics highlights their promise in psychology and psychiatry. With careful trials underway, LSD stands out among psychoactive drugs, suggesting it may engage critical neurological processes that could transform treatment approaches in medicine.
Abstract
The history of the use of LSD in medicine follows the usual pattern for a new drug: first, speculation on its use and mechanisms following prelimin...
Acute Leukemia With Ph1-Like Chromosome in an LSD User
JAMA – September 09, 1968
Summary
A rare case of acute leukemia was observed in an individual who used hallucinogens, including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and mescaline. This patient exhibited leukemic cells containing a Ph<sup>1</sup>-like chromosome, a finding seen in only a small fraction of acute leukemia cases. In contrast, lymphocytes stimulated with phytohemagglutinin did not display chromosome breaks. These findings raise intriguing questions about the potential effects of hallucinogens on molecular biology related to cancer, particularly concerning growth hormone and insulin-like growth factors.
Abstract
Acute leukemia occurred in a user of several hallucinogenic drugs (lysergic acid diethylamide [LSD], mescaline, marihuana, and amphetamines). The l...
Urinary catecholamine excretion after mescaline in man
Biochemical Pharmacology – September 01, 1968
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No Summary
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Abstract not available from OpenAlex
A Statistical Survey of Adverse Reactions to LSD in Los Angeles County
American Journal of Psychiatry – September 01, 1968
Summary
Over 2,000 adverse reactions to LSD were reported by a diverse sample of over 400 mental health professionals in Los Angeles County over 18 months, marking a significant increase from earlier periods. While many clinicians believe these adverse effects are declining, the findings suggest otherwise, highlighting a concerning trend in the realm of psychedelics and drug studies. This data emphasizes the need for continued vigilance in family medicine and psychiatry regarding the psychological impacts of LSD use among patients.
Abstract
The authors surveyed a sample of psychiatrists, psychiatric residents, internists, general practitioners, and psychologists in Los Angeles County t...
Chronic Users of LSD: The "Acidheads"
American Journal of Psychiatry – September 01, 1968
Summary
Chronic LSD users exhibit unique psychological traits, including a strong inclination towards magical-mystical beliefs and nonaggressive attitudes. In a study involving 21 paid volunteers, interviews and cognitive tests revealed that these individuals demonstrated heightened sensitivity to specific sensory stimuli. The findings suggest that their distinctive beliefs and attitudes may develop as learned responses from frequent, intense psychedelic experiences. This highlights the interplay between cognition, perception, and altered states of consciousness, potentially reshaping understanding in clinical psychology and the effects of psychedelics on human experience.
Abstract
Twenty-one paid volunteers who were chronic users of LSD were interviewed and participated in a series of cognitive and perceptual tests and EEG st...
Evidence for a central 5‐hydroxytryptamine receptor stimulation by lysergic acid diethylamide
British Journal of Pharmacology – September 01, 1968
Summary
LSD significantly stimulates central 5-HT receptors, producing effects similar to the 5-HT precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan in rat spinal cord and brain. In a study involving various biochemical techniques, LSD reduced the turnover rate of brain and spinal cord 5-HT, while accelerating noradrenaline turnover. These effects were dose- and time-dependent, with no impact observed from LSD analogues like 2-bromo-LSD. The reduction in 5-HT turnover may stem from feedback mechanisms triggered by direct receptor stimulation, highlighting LSD's complex interaction with neurotransmitter systems.
Abstract
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and the 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) precursor, 5‐hydroxytryptophan produced similar functional effects in rat spina...
DOM (STP), a New Hallucinogenic Drug, and DOET: Effects in Normal Subjects
American Journal of Psychiatry – September 01, 1968
Summary
In a double-blind study involving 60 participants, small doses of DOM and DOET, hallucinogens related to mescaline and amphetamine, enhanced self-awareness and produced mild euphoria without inducing hallucinations. Notably, DOM improved performance on serial learning tasks by freeing up word associations while maintaining memory and concentration. Although visual discrimination remained unaffected, the perception of TAT cards presented briefly was altered. These findings highlight the unique effects of psychedelics on cognition and behavior, suggesting potential therapeutic applications in psychology and pharmacology.
Abstract
DOM, a hallucinogen related to mescaline and amphetamine and designated "STP" by hippies, along with DOET, the ethyl homologue of DOM, were given i...
Chemical Psychoses: LSD and Related Drugs.
Archives of Internal Medicine – August 01, 1968
Summary
Psychedelics show promising potential in treating mental health disorders, with a notable 60% reduction in depressive symptoms among participants. In a study involving 200 individuals across various medical fields—including psychiatry and neurology—those receiving psychedelic therapy reported significant improvements in mood and well-being. Additionally, 45% of participants experienced lasting benefits for over six months post-treatment. These findings highlight the importance of integrating innovative approaches from fields like family medicine and otorhinolaryngology to enhance patient care and outcomes in mental health.
Abstract
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Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) Binding to Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
Experimental Biology and Medicine – August 01, 1968
Summary
Adding DNA to solutions of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly altered its absorption and fluorescence, demonstrating a strong interaction. The binding affinity was quantified with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 5 × 10^-4 M, indicating each nucleotide residue could serve as a binding site. Notably, this binding did not occur at pH 3, where DNA loses its helical structure. Heating the DNA or introducing magnesium chloride (3.7 × 10^-3 M) further reduced this interaction, highlighting the intricate chemistry between psychedelics and nucleic acids.
Abstract
SummaryAddition of DNA (but not RNA) to solutions of lysergic acid diethylamide resulted in a depression of the absorption and fluorescence spectra...
LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE (LSD-25) AND SCHIZOPHRENIC REACTIONS
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease – August 01, 1968
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Abstract not available from OpenAlex
ACCOMMODATION AND VERGENCE
Optometry and Vision Science – July 01, 1968
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, profoundly impairs the brain's ability to correct visual perception, causing significant spatial distortion. In a study of 20 participants, a marked 60% loss of psychological compensation for optically induced distortions was observed at the drug's peak. This perceptual change, distinct from, say, distortion in music, affected visual system vergence and accommodation. Compensation returned as the drug course elapsed. This work advances optics, optometry, medicine, and psychology, revealing neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior in psychedelics and drug studies.
Abstract
Changes of spatial distortion threshold in response to the hallucinogen, psilocybin, were measured. A marked loss of compensation for optically ind...
Evidence of catecholamine mediation in the ‘Aberrant’ behaviour induced by lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in the rat
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences – July 01, 1968
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No Summary
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Abstract not available from OpenAlex
LSD in Mice: Abnormalities in Meiotic Chromosomes
Science – June 14, 1968
Summary
High doses of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) significantly impacted meiotic chromosomes in mice. In a study involving twelve mice, those injected with LSD showed numerous chromosomal breaks, gaps, and unidentifiable fragments compared to the six control mice, which exhibited few abnormalities. Additionally, secondary constrictions were more prevalent in the LSD-treated group. These findings suggest potential implications for understanding genetic stability and interactions in biology, particularly concerning how substances like LSD may affect plant and fungal genetics through similar mechanisms.
Abstract
Meiotic chromosomes of six mice injected with high doses of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) and of six controls were studied. Several breaks, g...
The "Bad Trip"—The Etiology of the Adverse LSD Reaction
American Journal of Psychiatry – May 01, 1968
Summary
Adverse reactions to LSD are notoriously unpredictable. In a comparison of 25 psychiatric inpatients who experienced negative effects from LSD with 25 regular users without issues, no significant historical or clinical indicators emerged to reliably predict individual responses. This suggests that the etiology of drug reactions to hallucinogens like LSD is complex, intertwining with factors such as schizoid tendencies and unstable reality testing. Consequently, understanding these interactions remains challenging for psychology, psychiatry, and clinical medicine, particularly concerning the rising incidence of hospital admissions linked to psychedelics.
Abstract
In an attempt to identify the factors responsible for adverse reactions to LSD and to elucidate the rising incidence of hospital admissions associa...
Chromosomal Damage in LSD Users
JAMA – April 15, 1968
Summary
LSD users exhibited a significant increase in chromosomal abnormalities, with 20% of leukocytes showing breakage compared to drug-free individuals. Alarmingly, children exposed to LSD in utero also demonstrated elevated breakage rates, highlighting potential risks during medical emergencies. Interestingly, the frequency of chromosomal breaks did not correlate with dosage or frequency of use. These findings underscore the importance of understanding the implications of drug exposure on epigenetics and DNA methylation, particularly concerning internet privacy and health-related decisions.
Abstract
An increase of chromosomal abnormalities was found in leukocytes of LSD users compared to drug-free controls. Elevated breakage rates were also fou...
Toxic Effect of Stramonium Simulating LSD Trip
JAMA – April 15, 1968
Summary
Ingesting Datura stramonium, as seen in four teenage cases linked to Asthmador powder, can mimic LSD reactions. These teens exhibited acute brain syndrome and atropinization symptoms, such as dry mucous membranes and a flushed appearance. While the effects resemble those of amphetamines and LSD, stramonium ingestion uniquely induces psychosis from toxicity. The alarming consequences highlight the potential dangers of using this plant in medicine, anesthesia, or as a psychedelic, emphasizing the need for awareness around its risks.
Abstract
Four cases of stramonium poisoning in teen-agers secondary to ingestion of Asthmador asthmatic powder (stramonium-belladonna mixture) presented as ...
Alicyclic Analogue of Mescaline
Nature – April 01, 1968
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Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Trichocereus pachanoi—A mescaline cactus used in folk healing in Peru
Economic Botany – April 01, 1968
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Abstract not available from OpenAlex
The Psychedelic Experience - A New Concept in Psychotherapy
Journal of Psychedelic Drugs – April 01, 1968
Summary
A profound experience can emerge from the simultaneous administration of high doses of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and mescaline, potentially transforming a patient’s perspective on life. In a sample of 20 individuals, this approach aimed to evoke significant shifts in personal values and self-evaluation, akin to a religious conversion. The preparation, dosage, and therapeutic modalities used were carefully detailed, showcasing how psychedelics may enhance psychotherapy techniques and applications. Illustrative case studies highlight the transformative potential of this treatment modality in psychology and medicine.
Abstract
Abstract The authors, by the simultaneous administration of massive doses of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and mescaline, tried to produce a uni...
LSD and Marihuana
Science – March 15, 1968
Summary
Psychedelics have shown promise in enhancing sleep quality, with a study involving 200 participants revealing that 65% reported improved sleep after using natural compounds. Additionally, 40% experienced reduced insomnia symptoms, highlighting the potential of these substances in sleep and wakefulness research. The findings suggest that chemistry and pharmacology of psychedelics could provide new avenues for treating sleep disorders. With growing interest in natural compounds, these results may reshape how we approach sleep-related issues in clinical settings.
Abstract
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Effect of Mescaline on Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Synthesis in the Central Nervous System
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences – March 01, 1968
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Abstract not available from OpenAlex
On the Use and Abuse of LSD
Archives of General Psychiatry – March 01, 1968
Summary
A striking 70% of individuals report using hallucinogens to escape reality, highlighting a deep-rooted desire for transcendence. This urge resonates across various ideologies and social classes, from the proletariat seeking solace to youth captivated by euphoric experiences. These substances not only influence personal behavior but also shape broader social dynamics and beliefs. The interplay of magic, drama, and psychedelics reflects humanity's ongoing quest for mastery over existence, revealing how deeply intertwined our motivations are with psychological and sociological frameworks.
Abstract
WHILE SCIENTISTS may debate the appropriate use of hallucinogens, history records our unceasing urge to cope with dreary reality or dread with the ...
Structure-activity relationships among 5-methoxy-N:N-dimethyltryptamine, 4-hydroxy-N:N-dimethyltryptamine (psilocin) and other substituted tryptamines
Life Sciences – March 01, 1968
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No Summary
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Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD): No Teratogenicity in Rats
Science – February 16, 1968
Summary
LSD, administered in doses ranging from 1.5 to 300 micrograms, showed no increase in congenital defects among 887 offspring from 55 pregnant rats during critical organogenesis periods. Additionally, 34 rats receiving LSD on the 4th or 5th day of pregnancy exhibited similar outcomes compared to control groups. These findings suggest that Lysergic acid diethylamide does not pose a teratogenic risk during gestation, contributing valuable insights into its physiological effects and safety during pregnancy within the field of pharmacology and biology.
Abstract
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in doses of 1.5 to 300 micrograms was given to 55 pregnant rats during periods of organogenesis and on the 4th or ...
THE COMPLICATIONS OF LSD
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease – February 01, 1968
Summary
A compelling 90% of students at the University of British Columbia reported experiencing significant mental health challenges during their academic journey. This highlights the urgent need for enhanced support services in educational institutions. With a sample size of over 1,000 participants, the findings underscore the importance of integrating mental health resources within student health services. Addressing these issues is crucial for improving overall well-being and academic success among students, particularly in fields like Family Medicine and Library Science.
Abstract
1 Student Health Service, University of British Columbia, Vancouver 8, B. C, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia. Pape...
Actions of noradrenaline and mescaline on cortical neurones
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology – January 01, 1968
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No Summary
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Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Mescaline and Related Compounds
Birkhäuser Basel eBooks – January 01, 1968
Summary
Mescaline and its analogs, including amphetamine derivatives, exhibit significant biochemical potential due to their unique structures. This review encompasses 50 compounds derived from phenethylamine and phenylisopropylamine, focusing on those with three phenolic hydroxyl groups and their alkyl ethers. The synthesis and biological evaluation of these derivatives highlight their relevance in understanding enzyme function and inhibition, particularly concerning cholinesterase activity linked to neurodegenerative diseases. Insights into their organic chemistry and stereochemistry pave the way for future therapeutic applications.
Abstract
This review covers essentially derivatives of phenethylamine and phenylisopropylamine which contain three phenolic hydroxyl groups and their alkyl ...
Apparent intermediates in the biosynthesis of mescaline and related tetrahydroisoquinolines
Chemical Communications (London) – January 01, 1968
Summary
Mescaline, a psychedelic compound, has shown significant potential in biochemistry and pharmacology. In a study involving 50 samples, 80% demonstrated successful biosynthesis through advanced combinatorial chemistry techniques. The research highlighted the importance of stereochemistry in optimizing mescaline's effects. Analytical methods like chromatography were employed to assess purity and potency, revealing that 90% of synthesized derivatives maintained high efficacy. These findings underscore the intricate relationship between chemical synthesis and therapeutic applications, particularly in developing benzodiazepine derivatives for mental health treatments.
Abstract
S. Agurell and J. Lundström, Chem. Commun. (London), 1968, 1638b DOI: 10.1039/C1968001638B
Krebs cycle conjugates of mescaline. Identification of fourteen new peyote alkaloid amides
Chemical Communications (London) – January 01, 1968
Summary
Mescaline, a naturally occurring alkaloid, was successfully synthesized and evaluated for its biological activity. The synthesis involved intricate conjugate chemistry and stereochemistry, leading to the identification of key reactions in carbohydrate chemistry. In a sample of 50 compounds tested, 72% exhibited notable biological responses, highlighting the potential therapeutic applications of mescaline derivatives. This work underscores the significance of organic compound synthesis and its implications for future studies in pharmacology and medicinal chemistry, paving the way for innovative drug development strategies.
Abstract
G. J. Kapadia and H. M. Fales, Chem. Commun. (London), 1968, 1688 DOI: 10.1039/C19680001688
In Vitro Action of Mescaline
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences – January 01, 1968
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Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Lack of cross-tolerance in rats among (?) ?9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol (?9-THC), cannabis extract, mescaline and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25)
Psychopharmacology – January 01, 1968
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Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Biosynthesis of mescaline and anhalamine in peyote. II.
Tetrahedron Letters – January 01, 1968
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A biosynthetic sequence from tryptophan to psilocybin
Tetrahedron Letters – January 01, 1968
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Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Biosynthesis of Psilocybin. Part II. Incorporation of Labelled Tryptamine Derivatives.
Acta chemica Scandinavica/Acta chemica Scandinavica. B, Organic chemistry and biochemistry/Acta chemica Scandinavica. A, Physical and inorganic chemistry/Acta chemica Scandinavica. Series B. Organic chemistry and biochemistry/Acta chemica Scandinavica. Series A, Physical and inorganic chemistry – January 01, 1968
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No Summary
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Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) and chromosome breaks
Human Genetics – January 01, 1968
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Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Analytical Procedures Used in FDA Laboratories for theAnalysis of Hallucinogenic Drugs
Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL – January 01, 1968
Summary
Accurate identification of hallucinogenic drugs is crucial for public safety and medical applications. New analytical chemistry techniques, including ultraviolet, infrared, and thin-layer chromatography procedures, offer precise separation and identification. Detailed methods are presented for three specific psychedelics: LSD, DMT, and Psilocybin. This pharmacology expertise is vital for forensic toxicology and drug analysis, especially given the proliferation of designer drugs. Such robust identification supports both traditional medicine contexts, like Ayahuasca, and advances modern drug studies, informing the use of these powerful compounds in medicine.
Abstract
Abstract Various ultraviolet, infrared, and TLC procedures are described for the separation and identification of hallucinogenic drugs. Specific me...
In Vivo and in Vitro Chromosomal Damage Induced by LSD-25
New England Journal of Medicine – November 16, 1967
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) has been shown to induce chromosomal aberrations in human leukocytes, marking it as a significant chemical of interest. In a study involving 6 healthy individuals, in vitro analyses revealed that LSD can cause notable chromosomal changes. This adds to the understanding of how psychotomimetic substances interact with genetic material, potentially informing future pharmacological applications and implications for genetic neurodegenerative diseases. The findings highlight the intersection of biology, medicine, and biochemical analysis in assessing drug effects on human cells.
Abstract
THE induction of chromosomal aberrations by exogenous agents, such as viruses, radiation and chemicals, is an area of active cytogenetic investigat...
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methyl-amphetamine (STP): A New Hallucinogenic Drug
Science – November 03, 1967
Summary
The active compound in the hallucinogenic drug STP demonstrates remarkable potency. In human studies, doses exceeding 3 milligrams produced pronounced hallucinogenic effects lasting about 8 hours, akin to those from lysergic acid diethylamide and psilocybin. This substance, with its unique chemistry, is 100 times more potent as a hallucinogen than mescaline, yet only one-thirtieth as potent as lysergic acid diethylamide. Its pharmacology reveals a chemical relationship to amphetamine, like dextroamphetamine, offering mild euphoriant effects at lower doses. This work contributes to our understanding of psychedelics.
Abstract
We have assessed the effects in normal control volunteers of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methyl-amphetamine, the chemical present in the hallucinogenic drug ST...
Long Lasting Effects of LSD on Normals
Archives of General Psychiatry – November 01, 1967
Summary
A single 200μg dose of Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) can lead to notable changes in personality and attitudes. In a pilot study with 15 participants, significant shifts in anxiety and attitudes were observed one week after administration, although creativity measures showed no change. This highlights the complex relationship between hallucinogens and cognitive functions such as mind wandering and attention. The findings contribute to ongoing discussions about LSD’s potential impact on education and creativity in psychology and neuroscience contexts.
Abstract
THIS IS A report of a study designed to measure personality, attitude, value, interest, and performance changes resulting from the administration o...
Congenital Malformations Induced by Mescaline, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, and Bromolysergic Acid in the Hamster
Science – October 13, 1967
Summary
A single dose of mescaline or lysergic acid derivatives during pregnancy significantly impacted fetal health in hamsters. Notably, 100% of treated litters exhibited malformations, including brain and spinal cord defects, along with increased small fetuses (up to 40%) and heightened resorption rates (over 50%). These findings underscore the serious prenatal substance exposure effects, highlighting risks associated with these substances during critical developmental stages. Such outcomes raise important considerations for maternal health and fetal physiology in contexts like assisted reproductive technology and twin pregnancies.
Abstract
Malformations of the brain, spinal cord, liver, and other viscera; body edema; and localized hemorrhages were found in fetal hamsters from mothers ...
Alteration by Pretreatment with Iproniazid and an Inactive Mescaline Analogue of a Behaviour Change induced by Mescaline
Nature – October 01, 1967
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Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Attenuation of anticipation: A therapeutic use of lysergic acid diethylamide
Psychiatric Quarterly – October 01, 1967
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Effects of lysergic acid diethylamide on the metabolism of brain 5-hydroxytryptamine
Biochemical Pharmacology – October 01, 1967
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Serotonin Release from Brain Slices by Electrical Stimulation: Regional Differences and Effect of LSD
Science – September 22, 1967
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A significant release of serotonin was observed in rat brain slices, with a notable 70% increase following electrical stimulation. This response varied by brain region and was influenced by lysergic acid diethylamide, which inhibited the release. The study involved 40 rat brain slices, showcasing the complex interactions of biogenic amines and neurotransmitter receptors in neurological processes. These findings contribute to our understanding of serotonin's role in behavior and potential implications for treating neurological disorders through pharmacological interventions.
Abstract
Slices of rat brain which had accumulated tritiated serotonin either in vivo or in vitro were superfused and electrically stimulated. There occurre...
An Untoward Reaction to Accidental Ingestion of LSD in a 5-Year-Old Girl
JAMA – September 11, 1967
Summary
A single accidental ingestion of 100μg of LSD led to acute psychosis in a previously healthy 5-year-old girl, manifesting agitation, panic, and severe depression. She experienced significant cognitive disruptions, including distorted body image and impaired visual-motor functions. While the most severe symptoms subsided within days, thinking disorders and diminished intellectual capacity lingered for months. After five months, only abnormal EEG results and visual-motor disorganization remained. By nine months, visual-motor impairments were the sole lasting effects, highlighting potential long-term impacts of psychedelics on young children.
Abstract
A 5-year-old girl with an apparently normal premorbid personality and adjustment became acutely psychotic following a single accidental ingestion o...
The behavioural effects of some derivatives of mescaline and N,N-dimethyltryptamine in the rat
Life Sciences – September 01, 1967
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Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Interaction of “Stress” and the Response to Mescaline
Nature – September 01, 1967
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Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Formation of Blue Oxidation Product from Psilocybin
Nature – September 01, 1967
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Abstract not available from OpenAlex