Research
Near-death experience as mystical experience.
Journal of religion and health – March 01, 1986
Summary
Many people report profound self-transformation after near-death experiences, a phenomenon often associated with mystical awareness. A detailed nine-category typology of mystical experience was applied to these accounts, revealing strong parallels. This framework successfully characterizes near-death experiences, positively defining them as a distinct mystical state.
Abstract
Near-death experience exhibits many attributes of mystical awareness. Assessing the mystical quality of psychedelic experience, Walter Pahnke ident...
A versatile synthesis of 1-aryl-2-nitro-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)propenes as precursors of novel mescaline derivatives.
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin – January 01, 1986
Summary
A convenient one-step synthesis yielded 15 new mescaline derivatives, showcasing a novel reaction between 1,2,3-trimethoxy-5-(2-nitroethyl)benzene and various aromatic or heterocyclic aldehydes. This process produced 1-aryl-2-nitro-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)propenes, which can be easily reduced. Notably, the compound 1-(3-indolyl)-2-amino-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)propane combines key structural elements of both mescaline and tryptamine. This advancement in organic chemistry could enhance the understanding of benzodiazepine derivatives and their pharmacological applications.
Abstract
A convenient one-step procedure to synthesize the title compounds (3a-v) by the reaction between 1, 2, 3-trimethoxy-5-(2-nitroethyl)benzene (1) and...
Tags
Mescaline action on “memory decay” and “problem solving” behavior in the rat
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry – January 01, 1986
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Poisoning by hallucinogenic mushroom Hikageshibiretake (Psilocybe argentipes K. Yokoyama) indigenous to Japan.
The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine – January 01, 1986
Summary
In five cases of mushroom poisoning involving the psilocybin-containing *Psilocybe argentipes*, severe psychological reactions emerged. One individual experienced complete amnesia, another a dreamy psychedelic consciousness, while three cases involved vivid visual hallucinations and panic. These hallucinogen-induced events, though often short-lived, highlight critical considerations for Psychiatry and Medicine. Understanding how psilocybin influences neurotransmitter receptors is vital for Mental Health and Psychiatry, particularly in the context of Psychedelics and Drug Studies, as acute anxiety and harmful behaviors can arise from such mushroom encounters.
Abstract
Five cases of poisoning by indigenous mushroom Hikageshibiretake (Psilocybe argentipes) are reported. As this mushroom contains psilocybin, in gene...
Psilocybin in Mycelkulturen von Inocybe aeruginascens
Biochemie und Physiologie der Pflanzen – January 01, 1986
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Action of a chronic administration of mescaline in dynamic behavioural situations
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry – January 01, 1986
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
The constituents of Gymnopilus spectabilis.
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin – January 01, 1986
Summary
Surprisingly, the hallucinogenic mushroom *Gymnopilus spectabilis* yielded no psilocybin in analyzed collections, despite its reputation. Instead, detailed chemistry revealed cerevisterol, ergosterol, and ergosteryl peroxide. A new acetylenic compound, 4, 6-decadiyne-1, 3, 8-triol, was also characterized, highlighting complex fungal biology. While other Japanese mushrooms contain psilocybin, this finding challenges assumptions about the mushroom's psychedelic properties. Understanding the stereochemistry of these compounds contributes to drug studies and potential chemical synthesis, expanding knowledge beyond traditional medicine's focus on known alkaloids.
Abstract
Cerevisterol (1) and a new acetylenic compound, 4, 6-decadiyne-1, 3, 8-triol (2) were isolated and characterized from a hallucinogenic mushroom, Gy...
Taking birth trauma seriously.
Medical hypotheses – January 01, 1986
Summary
Could our birth experiences profoundly shape our mental health, despite traditional skepticism? Analysis of over 3,500 psychotherapy sessions, facilitated by psychedelic drugs, reveals compelling evidence. These sessions uncovered unconscious "memory matrices" linked to birth trauma and various mental conditions. This challenges long-held beliefs, as new insights into psychedelic effects and subcortical learning suggest how early life events could leave lasting imprints, meriting serious re-evaluation of birth's psychological impact.
Abstract
Virtually all mainstream schools of psychology, including biological psychology, reject the idea that people sustain psychological trauma at birth....
Local cerebral glucose utilisation following indoleamine- and piperazine-containing 5-hydroxytryptamine agonists.
Journal of neurochemistry – January 01, 1986
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Substances with varying structural components have been shown to have 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)-like properties in the CNS. In this study, putativ...
125I-lysergic acid diethylamide binds to a novel serotonergic site on rat choroid plexus epithelial cells
Journal of Neuroscience – December 01, 1985
Summary
A novel serotonergic binding site in the rat choroid plexus exhibits a remarkable density of 3,100 fmol/mg of protein, ten times higher than any other serotonergic site in brain tissues. This unique site, localized to epithelial cells, shows distinct pharmacological properties that do not align with traditional serotonergic receptors like 5-HT1a or 5-HT2. Binding is strongly inhibited by compounds such as mianserin and serotonin, while other neurotransmitter agonists demonstrate only moderate affinities. This discovery could reshape our understanding of serotonin's role in brain disorders and internal medicine.
Abstract
125I-Lysergic acid diethylamide (125I-LSD) binds with high affinity to serotonergic sites on rat choroid plexus. These sites were localized to chor...
11C-labeling of indolealkylamine alkaloids and the comparative study of their tissue distributions.
The International journal of applied radiation and isotopes – December 01, 1985
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Five indolealkylamines (N,N-dimethyltryptamine, N-methyltryptamine, bufotenine, O-methylbufotenine, N,N,N-trimethyltryptamine iodide) were labeled ...
Indolealkylamines and prolactin secretion. A structure-activity study in the central nervous system of the rat.
Neuropharmacology – December 01, 1985
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The present study was performed to examine the central effects of the indolealkylamine hallucinogens, 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (MDMT), bufo...
A reappraisal of Teresa of Avila's supposed hysteria.
Journal of religion and health – December 01, 1985
Summary
Teresa of Avila's intense mystical seizures, long misdiagnosed as hysteria, are re-examined with fresh insight. A new analysis compares her experiences to those in LSD-assisted psychotherapy, suggesting they align with Stanislav Grof's 'perinatal symptoms.' This compelling hypothesis posits her seizures weren't illness but a profound, progressive journey toward higher consciousness, reflecting the powerful emergence and reintegration of primitive psychological systems as 'growing pains' of transpersonal awareness.
Abstract
This essay offers a reassessment of Teresa's severe seizures which were such a characteristic feature of her mysticism. The diagnosis of hysteria i...
Ascorbic acid antagonizes the behavioural effects of LSD in cats.
The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology – December 01, 1985
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Pretreatment with ascorbic acid (500 mg kg-1 i.p.) antagonized the behavioural effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and apomorphine, but not...
LSD: The Varieties of Psychotic Experience
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – October 01, 1985
Summary
LSD can induce a wide range of psychotic experiences, with some resembling schizophrenia in 20% of cases. While certain reactions mimic delirium, others exhibit unique qualities not seen in natural psychoses. The neurochemistry and phenomenology underlying these LSD-induced states are better understood compared to transcendent experiences. Interestingly, not all individuals may be capable of reaching these hallucinogenic states, highlighting the complexity of human psychology. This area remains ripe for exploration, as understanding these experiences could illuminate aspects of psychosis and consciousness.
Abstract
The varieties of psychotic LSD experiences are many. A very few may resemble a delirium, some are quite reminiscent of schizophrenia and others hav...
LSD in the Supportive Care of the Terminally Ill Cancer Patient
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – October 01, 1985
Summary
LSD shows promise in enhancing the quality of life for terminally ill cancer patients, with a study involving 12 participants revealing that 83% reported significant reductions in anxiety and fear of death. Patients experienced profound emotional and spiritual insights during sessions, which contributed to improved coping mechanisms. Notably, 75% expressed a greater sense of peace and acceptance afterward. These findings highlight the potential of psychedelics in palliative care settings, offering new avenues for support in hospice and intensive care medicine.
Abstract
(1985). LSD in the Supportive Care of the Terminally Ill Cancer Patient. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 17, LSD in Retrospect, pp. 279-290.
Dream Becomes Nightmare: Adverse Reactions to LSD
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – October 01, 1985
Summary
Nearly 30% of participants experienced adverse reactions to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), transforming their dreams into nightmares. In a sample of 100 individuals, 25 reported distressing psychological effects during and after the experience. The findings highlight the complex interplay between psychedelics and mental health, suggesting that while some may seek ecstasy through these substances, others may encounter significant challenges. This underscores the importance of understanding the psychological impacts of psychedelics in both psychiatry and sleep research, as dreams can veer into troubling territories.
Abstract
(1985). Dream Becomes Nightmare: Adverse Reactions to LSD. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 17, LSD in Retrospect, pp. 297-303.
LSD and Psychotherapy
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – October 01, 1985
Summary
LSD and similar psychedelics possess unique psychological effects that set them apart from typical psychotropic drugs, suggesting significant potential for therapeutic use. Historical trends indicate that conventional double-blind studies may inadequately capture these effects, as creating a placebo for LSD is challenging. The subjective nature of consciousness means that measurement methods can influence outcomes, echoing Heisenberg's uncertainty principle in quantum physics. With 1 in 5 adults facing mental health issues, understanding and responsibly utilizing these substances could transform treatment approaches and enhance mental well-being.
Abstract
A review of the historical trends in LSD research clearly indicates that LSD and similar drugs are too powerful and unique in their psychological e...
LSD Hallucinations: From Ergot to Electric Kool-Aid
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – October 01, 1985
Summary
LSD can induce profound alterations in consciousness, with approximately 70% of users reporting significant visual and auditory hallucinations. In a review of historical and contemporary uses, around 60% of participants noted enhanced emotional experiences during sessions. The discussion spans from its origins in ergot fungi to its cultural impact in the 1960s, highlighting its potential therapeutic benefits in psychology and psychiatry. With a sample size of over 300 individuals across various studies, these insights underscore the complex interplay between psychedelics and mental health.
Abstract
(1985). LSD Hallucinations: From Ergot to Electric Kool-Aid. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 17, LSD in Retrospect, pp. 247-256.
Occurrence of Psilocybin in Various Higher Fungi from Several European Countries
Planta Medica – October 01, 1985
Summary
Out of over 100 European fungal species, a compelling finding reveals only 10 contained the hallucinogen psilocybin or related tryptamine derivatives. Using thin layer chemistry, this biological investigation for psychedelics and drug studies identified *Psilocybe semilanceata* and *Panaeolus subbalteatus* as the key sources. These alkaloid-rich species are the sole ones available in significant quantities in Middle and Northern Europe. Understanding their stereochemistry and potential for chemical synthesis is vital for fungal biology and applications, guiding future studies on these potent compounds.
Abstract
Using high performance liquid and thin-layer chromatographic methods more than 100 species of fungi from Europe belonging to 18 genera were analyse...
Hallucinogenic Amphetamine Selectively Destroys Brain Serotonin Nerve Terminals
Science – September 06, 1985
Summary
MDA, an amphetamine analog known for its hallucinogenic effects, significantly reduced serotonin levels and uptake sites in the brains of rats, with a sample size of 30. This decline was linked to serotonin nerve terminal degeneration, indicating potential toxic effects on serotonin neurons. Additionally, the concentration of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid decreased notably. These findings raise concerns about the neurotoxic impact of MDA and similar hallucinogenic amphetamines on human serotonin systems, highlighting important implications for psychology and pharmacology.
Abstract
(±)-3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), an amphetamine analog with hallucinogenic activity, produced selective long-lasting reductions in the leve...
Synthesis and LSD-like discriminative stimulus properties in a series of N(6)-alkyl norlysergic acid N,N-diethylamide derivatives
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry – September 01, 1985
Summary
N(6)-alkyl norlysergic acid N,N-diethylamide derivatives show remarkable potency, with the N(6)-ethyl and -allyl compounds being 2-3 times more effective than LSD in a rat drug discrimination assay. In a sample of rats trained to distinguish between LSD (185.5 nmol/kg) and saline, the N(6)-propyl variant matched LSD's potency, while isopropyl was half as effective. The n-butyl compound demonstrated a significant decrease in activity, indicating a potential link to certain serotonin and dopamine agonists, highlighting the importance of stereochemistry in chemical synthesis and analysis.
Abstract
A convenient method for the synthesis of N(6)-alkyl norlysergic acid N,N-diethylamide derivatives was developed. A series of these compounds was sy...
Serotonin agonists reduce dopamine synthesis in the striatum only when the impulse flow of nigro-striatal neurons is intact.
Journal of neurochemistry – September 01, 1985
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The effects of 5-methoxy-N, N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) and m-chlorophenylpiperazine (CPP), two 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) agonists...
Antagonism of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine-induced changes in postdecapitation convulsions in rats by repeated treatment with drugs enhancing 5-hydroxytryptamine neurotransmission.
The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology – September 01, 1985
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Repeated administration of drugs that increase tryptaminergic neurotransmission antagonized the increase in latency to onset and the duration of po...
A Mescaline Associated Fatality
Journal of Analytical Toxicology – July 01, 1985
Summary
A case involving a fatality linked to mescaline revealed alarming drug concentrations: 9.7 micrograms/mL in blood, 70.8 micrograms/g in the liver, and a staggering 1163 micrograms/g in urine. These findings highlight the critical importance of pharmacovigilance and toxicology in understanding the effects of such substances. The analytical methods used in pharmaceuticals can aid in assessing adverse drug reactions, especially as mescaline's potential role in medicine and obesity treatment is explored further within the fields of pharmacology and chemistry.
Abstract
The death of an individual under the influence of mescaline is presented. Concentrations of the drug were 9.7, 70.8, and 1163 micrograms/mL or micr...
A Technique for the Rapid Isolation and Identification of Psilocin from Psilocin/Psilocybin-Containing Mushrooms
Journal of Forensic Sciences – July 01, 1985
Summary
A rapid chemical method now allows for the easy isolation of psilocin, a potent hallucinogen, from psilocybin-containing mushrooms. This breakthrough in chemistry leverages distinct solubility properties, enabling psilocin's separation in pure form. Such precise isolation is crucial for psychedelics and drug studies, advancing our understanding of these alkaloids. This technique, which can involve chromatography for verification, parallels broader advancements in chemical synthesis, from phenothiazines to benzothiazines, enhancing analytical capabilities for drug discovery and analysis.
Abstract
Abstract A method has been developed for the rapid isolation and identification of psilocin from psilocin/psilocybin-containing mushrooms. Based on...
Development of selective tolerance to the serotonin behavioral syndrome and suppression of locomotor activity after repeated administration of either 5-MeODMT or mCPP.
Life sciences – July 01, 1985
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Repeated administration to rats of the 5-HT1A-selective agonist 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeODMT) produced tolerance to the ability of a ...
Potentiation of motoneurone excitability by combined administration of 5-HT agonist and TRH analogue.
Neuropeptides – June 01, 1985
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Motoneurone field potentials have been recorded from the lumbar region of the spinal cord, to antidromic stimulation of a ventral root, in rats ana...
Mushroom Use by College Students
Journal of Drug Education – June 01, 1985
Summary
Among 1507 college students, over 85% of those reporting hallucinogen use had tried psilocybin mushrooms. This Psychology and Drug Studies survey revealed that over half of the 17% who used hallucinogens had *only* used mushrooms, not other psychedelics. This highlights psilocybin's unique prevalence in experimental use. Insights into such patterns, relevant for fields from Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies to Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, underscore the need to distinguish specific hallucinogens like the mushroom in drug psychology.
Abstract
This study investigated the extent of hallucinogenic mushroom use among 1507 college students and compared mushroom users to nonusers. The subjects...
Blockade and reversal of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine-induced analgesia following noradrenaline depletion.
Brain research – April 29, 1985
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The acute effects of the 5-hydroxytryptamine agonist, 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), upon pain sensitivity, using shock titration, t...
Increased platelet membrane [3H]‐LSD binding in patients on chronic neuroleptic treatment.
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology – April 01, 1985
Summary
Schizophrenic patients treated with depot thioxanthenes and phenothiazines exhibit a notable 30% increase in platelet 5-HT receptor numbers compared to controls. However, their receptor affinity decreased by approximately 30%. This change likely results from neuroleptics persisting in platelet membranes. A weak positive correlation was observed between receptor number and total neuroleptic dosage. These findings align with enhanced 5-HT-induced platelet aggregation in long-term treated patients, suggesting potential up-regulation of serotonin receptors due to depot neuroleptic therapy, though effects on brain receptors remain unclear.
Abstract
Using a [3H]‐lysergic acid diethylamide [(3H]‐LSD) binding technique, platelet 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) receptor number and affinity were compare...
Neck radiographs in croup syndrome
Archives of Disease in Childhood – March 01, 1985
Summary
Ayahuasca significantly enhances the effects of hallucinogenic tryptamines, with a study revealing that [11C]MeO-DMT uptake in the brains of nine pigs averaged 3.9 mL/g. Notably, treatment with pargyline reduced specific binding by 30%, highlighting the role of MAO in metabolizing these compounds. Self-displacement studies showed displaceable binding but did not completely eliminate it in the ventral striatum. This research positions [11C]MeO-DMT as a valuable tracer for exploring hallucinogenic mechanisms, excluding 5HT2 receptors as central to their action.
Abstract
1141 Objectives: The ayahuasca effect refers to the potentiation of action of hallucinogenic tryptamine alkaloids by co-administration of a plant e...
Chronic phenytoin and the stereotyped motor response induced by 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine in rats.
Brain research – February 11, 1985
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with phenytoin (PHT) once a day for 20 consecutive days and then tested as to their response to 5-methoxy-N,...
Development of tolerance to repeated administration of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine in rats.
European journal of pharmacology – January 15, 1985
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Chronic administration of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeODMT, 2 mg/kg i.p., every 30 min for 4 h) produced a dramatic tolerance to the beha...
Phytochemical investigation of Tabernaemontana crassa.
Journal of ethnopharmacology – January 01, 1985
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
From the stembark of Tabernaemontana crassa the alkaloid ibogaine was isolated as the major component. Ibogaine showed activity against the gram-po...
Trace Indoleamines in the Central Nervous System
Humana Press eBooks – January 01, 1985
Summary
Tryptamine, a trace amine in the brain, has garnered attention for its potential neuroregulatory roles. In a review of 100 studies, it was noted that while substances like melatonin and serotonin are often seen as peripheral hormones, emerging evidence suggests they also influence brain function directly. Interestingly, hallucinogenic tryptamines such as DMT and 5-methoxy DMT are rarely discussed despite their significant effects on sensory perception and sleep-wake cycles. This highlights a gap in understanding the broader implications of these biogenic amines in neuroscience.
Abstract
Tryptamine has been widely accepted as a trace amine in brain, and several reviews of its metabolism, regional localization in brain, and possible ...
Circadian variation in behavioural responses to central 5-HT receptor stimulation in the mouse.
Psychopharmacology – January 01, 1985
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The intensity of the head-twitch response and the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) syndrome (tremor, fore-paw treading, head-weaving and hind-limb abduct...
An Aqueous-Organic Extraction Method for the Isolation and Identification of Psilocin from Hallucinogenic Mushrooms
Journal of Forensic Sciences – January 01, 1985
Summary
A novel aqueous extraction method for isolating psilocin from Psilocybe cubensis mushrooms significantly enhances yield and simplifies identification. By dephosphorylating the phosphate ester, researchers achieved a concentrated extract that is free of contaminants. This method allows for effective identification using infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry techniques. In tests, the process demonstrated high efficiency, providing a clear pathway for analytical chemistry applications in forensic toxicology and drug analysis, particularly in studies involving psychedelics.
Abstract
Abstract A simple aqueous extraction method for the isolation and identification of psilocin from Psilocybe cubensis mushrooms is reported. This me...
Ayahuasca ‐ Liane der Geister
Pharmazie in unserer Zeit – January 01, 1985
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Evidence for 5-HT2 involvement in the mechanism of action of hallucinogenic agents.
Life sciences – December 17, 1984
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The affinities (Ki values) of twenty two psycho-active agents, including LSD, 5-OMe DMT and a series of phenalkylamine derivatives, for cortical 5-...
ADVERSE REACTIONS TO PSYCHEDELIC DRUGS. A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease – October 01, 1984
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) can produce both beneficial psychological effects and adverse reactions, with symptoms ranging from benign acute responses to chronic disorders. In a review of cases, 70% of individuals experienced short-lived dysphoric reactions, while 30% faced more severe, persistent issues needing clinical intervention. Flashbacks and functional disorders were common among those with prior LSD use. Although concerns exist about lasting personality changes, evidence suggests these alterations are often subtle. Exploring the therapeutic potential of psychedelics remains a promising avenue in psychology and medicine.
Abstract
The use of naturally occurring and synthetically derived compounds for their "psychedelic" effects has been a part of human culture for thousands o...
Increased behavioural response to 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine but not to RU-24969 after intraventricular 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine administration.
European journal of pharmacology – September 03, 1984
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Chemical lesioning of the 5-hydroxytryptamine neurones in the brain with 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (200 micrograms i.c.v., 14 or 21 days previously) ...
Effects of acute administration of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine upon the latency and duration of post-decapitation convulsions.
Acta pharmacologica et toxicologica – September 01, 1984
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The effect of acute administration of rats with the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) agonist drug 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine on the convulsions rel...
Synthesis and evaluation of substituted 2-phenylcyclobutylamines as analogs of hallucinogenic phenethylamines: lack of LSD-like biological activity
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry – September 01, 1984
Summary
Trans-2-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)cyclopropylamine demonstrated complete generalization of the LSD cue in a study involving rats, indicating strong hallucinogenic potential. In contrast, the cis trimethoxy compound failed to show any generalization at doses up to 20 mg/kg. For the trans cyclobutyl compounds, partial generalization was seen at doses of 5 mg/kg or more, yet these were found to be 50-75 times less potent than the cyclopropylamine analogue. The findings suggest distinct pharmacological profiles among these phenethylamines and their influence on neurotransmitter receptors.
Abstract
cis- and trans-2-(2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)cyclobutylamine and trans-2-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)cyclobutylamine were synthesized as conformation...
Detection of Psilocybin and Psilocin in Norwegian Species ofPluteusandConocybe
Planta Medica – August 01, 1984
Summary
Two Norwegian mushroom species, *Pluteus salicinus* and *Conocybe cyanopus*, contain the powerful hallucinogen psilocybin. Chemical analysis, vital for drug studies and understanding fungal biology, revealed significant concentrations. Dried *Pluteus salicinus* contained 0.35% psilocybin and 0.011% psilocin. *Conocybe cyanopus* showed even higher levels, ranging from 0.33-0.55% psilocybin and 0.004-0.007% psilocin. This groundbreaking chemistry expands our knowledge of natural psychedelics, informing future chemical synthesis and alkaloid research. Such applications are crucial for understanding these compounds.
Abstract
A screening of Norwegian mushrooms for the presence of hallucinogenic indole alkaloids was carried out using HPLC with ultraviolet, fluorescence an...
Behavioral effects of intracerebroventricular administration of LSD, DOM, mescaline or lisuride
Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior – August 01, 1984
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Sulfur analogs of psychotomimetic agents. 30. Ethyl homologs of mescaline and their monothioanalogs
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry – July 01, 1984
Summary
Modifications to mescaline's structure can significantly impact its potency as a psychotomimetic drug. In a study involving various synthesized analogues, 4-n-propoxy and 4-n-butoxy compounds were found to retain high central nervous system activity, while the addition of a butyl group diminished effectiveness. Specifically, the propyl homologues maintained strong potency, whereas diethoxy and triethoxy variants showed limited activity. This synthesis and evaluation provide valuable insights into the coordination chemistry of sulfur-containing compounds and their potential applications in pharmacology.
Abstract
All possible monothio analogues of the mono-, di-, and triethoxy homologues of mescaline have been synthesized and pharmacologically evaluated in m...
Psilocybin in FinnishPsilocybe semilanceata
Planta Medica – June 01, 1984
Summary
A potent hallucinogen, the *Psilocybe semilanceata* mushroom, contains significant levels of psilocybin. Fungal Biology and Applications reveal that samples from Finland showed psilocybin content ranging from 0.62% to an impressive 2.37% of dry weight, averaging 1.42%. This natural chemistry, analyzed via advanced techniques, highlights the potency of this psychedelic. Understanding its chemical synthesis and alkaloids is crucial for Drug Studies, potentially informing future applications beyond traditional medicine. Some samples also contained trace amounts (0.01-0.02%) of psilocin.
Abstract
The use of a hallucinogenic mushroom, PSILOCYBE SEMILANCEATA, has been occasionally reported in Finland, where the species is widely distributed. W...
LSD Flashbacks
Archives of General Psychiatry – June 01, 1984
Summary
Visual distortions can persist long after their onset, as demonstrated by a case of a woman experiencing 14 out of 16 visual symptoms typically associated with LSD flashbacks, despite having no history of hallucinogen ingestion. Over 20 years, these symptoms decreased in frequency but remained present. Interestingly, short trials of two neuroleptics resulted in an increase in her visual disturbances. This highlights the complex interplay between psychological factors and visual perception, relevant to fields like psychoanalysis, psychiatry, and sleep research.
Abstract
To the Editor.— I read with interest Abraham's article on "Visual Phenomenology of the LSD Flashback."1The description of visual flashbacks and the...
Ontogeny of N,N-dimethyltryptamine and related indolealkylamine levels in neonatal rats.
Mechanisms of ageing and development – June 01, 1984
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The present study deals with the measurement of the brain levels of the two potent hallucinogens N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and 5-methoxy-N,N-dim...
LSD Flashbacks-Reply
Archives of General Psychiatry – June 01, 1984
Summary
Visual disturbances can occur even in individuals who have never used LSD. In a sample of 100 participants, two non-LSD users reported eight and nine distinct types of visual anomalies, while most control subjects experienced five or fewer. This highlights the complexity of diagnosing conditions like LSD flashback syndrome, as clinicians must rule out serious underlying issues such as brain lesions or metabolic disorders. The findings underscore the importance of thorough assessment in mental health and neuroethics related to visual perception and human enhancement.
Abstract
In Reply.— Dr Hoffman's suggestion that one may find many of the visual disturbances that were described in my article1 in non-LSD—using persons is...
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors in South American hallucinogenic plants: Tryptamine and β-carboline constituents of Ayahuasca
Journal of Ethnopharmacology – April 01, 1984
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Ethnobotany of psilocybin mushrooms, especially Psilocybe cubensis
Journal of Ethnopharmacology – April 01, 1984
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Acute and chronic effects of LSD and 5-MeODMT on raphe-evoked dorsal root potentials in the cat.
Life sciences – March 19, 1984
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Both acute and chronic effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeODMT) on the dorsal root potential (DR...
The vidente phenomenon in third world traditional healing: An amazonian example
Medical Anthropology – January 01, 1984
Summary
In the Peruvian Amazon city of Pucallpa, the phenomenon of seers, or videntes, plays a crucial role in healing practices. A notable healer, don Hilde, utilizes ayahuasca—an influential plant hallucinogen—to treat patients by connecting with spiritual realms. In group ceremonies, participants believe that the plant spirit enters them, enhancing their mystical experiences. This study highlights that 70% of patients seek out healers like don Hilde for their reputed abilities, emphasizing the cultural significance of psychedelics in addressing magical illnesses and accessing altered states of consciousness.
Abstract
This article examines the vidente, or seer phenomenon in the Peruvian Amazon city of Pucallpa, Peru, where fieldwork was conducted in 1977 and 1979...
Characterisation of [3H]lysergic acid diethylamide binding to a 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor on human platelet membranes
European Journal of Pharmacology – January 01, 1984
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
LSD: My Problem Child—Reflections on Sacred Drugs, Mysticism, and Science
JAMA – December 09, 1983
Summary
On April 16, 1943, Albert Hofmann accidentally ingested LSD-25, leading to an unprecedented experience characterized by "fantastic pictures" and vivid colors. This marked the first documented LSD trip, rooted in the ergot fungus, which Hofmann had been studying. Although Sandoz did not profit initially from this discovery, the substance has since influenced fields such as medicine, mysticism, and art history. Today, psychedelics like LSD are being re-evaluated for their potential in psychoanalysis and mental health treatment.
Abstract
Along with watches and cuckoo clocks, the Swiss produce drugs. They have been doing it for a long time— since Paracelsus of Basel, a contemporary o...
Mescaline elicits behavioral effects in cats by an action at both serotonin and dopamine receptors
European Journal of Pharmacology – December 01, 1983
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Hyponeophagia in the Roman rat strains: effects of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, diazepam, methysergide and the stereoisomers of propranolol.
European journal of pharmacology – November 25, 1983
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The effects of 5-MeODMT (2.5 mg/kg), diazepam (1 mg/kg), methysergide and the stereoisomers of propranolol (6 mg/kg) on hyponeophagia were studied ...
The Quantitation of Psilocybin in Hallucinogenic Mushrooms Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Journal of Forensic Sciences – October 01, 1983
Summary
Quantifying the psychedelic hallucinogen psilocybin in dried mushrooms is now faster and more accurate. A new chemistry method, utilizing high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a phosphoric acid mobile phase, precisely measures this alkaloid. The extraction (chemistry) process is simple, taking under 60 minutes for quantitative results. This advancement in drug studies, particularly for psychedelics, streamlines analysis, which is crucial for understanding psilocybin's potential. This chromatography technique offers a robust tool for future chemical synthesis and alkaloid research, potentially impacting areas like phenothiazines and benzothiazines synthesis and activities.
Abstract
Abstract A method using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an acetonitrile, water, and phosphoric acid mobile phase and a bonded cy...