Research
The abused drug MDMA (Ecstasy) induces programmed death of human serotonergic cells
The FASEB Journal – February 01, 1997
Summary
MDMA, commonly known as ecstasy, has been shown to induce programmed cell death in human serotonergic JAR cells, with significant alterations in the cell cycle and DNA fragmentation observed. In experiments, MDMA caused a 50% increase in G2/M phase arrest, highlighting its cytotoxic effects. Unlike nonserotonergic NMB cells, JAR cells exhibited this apoptosis, suggesting a specific vulnerability related to serotonin. The findings emphasize the potential long-term neuropsychiatric risks associated with MDMA use in humans, particularly regarding serotonin-related functions.
Abstract
The widely abused amphetamine analog 3,4‐methylenecdioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, also called “ecstasy”) induces hallucination and psychostimulation, ...
MDMA("Ecstasy")-Konsum - ein Überblick zu psychiatrischen und medizinischen Folgen
Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie – February 01, 1997
Summary
Ecstasy (MDMA) use has surged, with significant implications for mental health. Among 48 reported cases of psychiatric complications since the mid-1980s, users experienced acute issues like panic disorders and long-term conditions such as atypical psychoses. Notably, 53 medical complications were documented, including 14 fatalities linked to MDMA abuse. Convulsive seizures are common, alongside serious risks like cerebrovascular accidents. There is a pressing need for larger-scale epidemiological and clinical studies to better understand dependency patterns and predictors of harmful usage.
Abstract
Epidemiological research and Substance Abuse Warning Systems point to a sharp increase in the use of "Ecstasy" (MDMA), as well as to structural cha...
Ibogaine and the dopaminergic response to nicotine.
Psychopharmacology – February 01, 1997
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that the rewarding effect of nicotine is mediated by the mesolimbic dopamine system. The first objective of this study...
Ibogaine and a total alkaloidal extract of Voacanga africana modulate neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission in the rat parabrachial nucleus in vitro.
Brain research bulletin – January 01, 1997
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Ibogaine is a natural alkaloid of Voacanga africana that is effective in the treatment of withdrawal symptoms and craving in drug addicts. As the s...
Suppressive effect of mitragynine on the 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine-induced head-twitch response in mice.
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior – January 01, 1997
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
We investigated the effects of mitragynine, a major alkaloid isolated from the leaves of Mitragyna speciosa Korth (Rubiaceae), on the 5-HT2A recept...
Ibogaine and cocaine abuse: pharmacological interactions at dopamine and serotonin receptors.
Brain research bulletin – January 01, 1997
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Ibogaine is an indole alkaloid that has been of interest in recent years due to its putative efficacy in the treatment of drug dependence. For the ...
Ibogaine: a potent noncompetitive blocker of ganglionic/neuronal nicotinic receptors.
Molecular pharmacology – January 01, 1997
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Ibogaine noncompetitively blocked (IC50 approximately 20 nM) 22NaCl influx through ganglionic-type nicotinic receptor channels of rat pheochromocyt...
Enantioselective determination of 3,4‐methylene‐dioxymethamphetamine and two of its metabolites in human urine by cyclodextrin‐modified capillary zone electrophoresis
Electrophoresis – January 01, 1997
Summary
A novel method using capillary zone electrophoresis has successfully separated enantiomers of MDMA and its metabolites in human urine. This technique achieved a detection limit of 20–50 ng/mL with 5 mL urine samples, showing intraday and interday imprecision under 4%. In two subjects, R‐(−)‐MDMA was excreted significantly more than S‐(+)‐MDMA, with one patient excreting 42.28% and 10.16% of the racemic dose. Metabolite variations were observed, with HMMA representing up to 8.51% of the administered MDMA dose.
Abstract
Abstract Using capillary zone electrophoresis with a phosphate buffer at pH 2.5 containing 30 m M (2‐hydroxypropyl)‐β‐cyclodextrin as chiral select...
Hair Analysis for Drugs of Abuse. XVIII. 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) Disposition in Hair Roots and Use in Identification of Acute MDMA Poisoning.
Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin – January 01, 1997
Summary
MDMA is rapidly incorporated into hair roots, with concentrations reaching up to 156 ng/mg within minutes of administration in a study involving six male rats. After acute doses ranging from 20 to 100 mg/kg, surviving rats showed MDMA levels increasing over time, peaking at 6 hours before gradually declining. Interestingly, the retention of MDMA in hair increased from 13-31% at 0.5 hours to 51-83% at 24 hours. This research highlights MDMA's distinctive pharmacology compared to methamphetamine, showing its stronger binding in hair.
Abstract
Disposition of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in hair roots was studied using rats and the hair root samples were evaluated to prove acut...
The effects of noribogaine and harmaline in rats trained with ibogaine as a discriminative stimulus.
Life sciences – January 01, 1997
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
In the present investigation, Fischer-344 rats were trained to discriminate 10.0 mg/kg of ibogaine from water using a pretreatment time of 60 minut...
Ibogaine selectively inhibits nicotinic receptor-mediated catecholamine release.
European journal of pharmacology – December 19, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The effects of ibogaine, a putative anti-addictive drug, on stimulated catecholamine release were examined in cultured chromaffin cells to clarify ...
Ibogaine and noribogaine potentiate the inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity by opioid and 5-HT receptors.
European journal of pharmacology – December 05, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The effects of the putative anti-addictive compound ibogaine and its principal metabolite, noribogaine, on adenylyl cyclase activity were determine...
Characterisation of human 5-hydroxytryptamine2A and 5-hydroxytryptamine2C receptors expressed in the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y: comparative stimulation by hallucinogenic drugs.
Journal of neurochemistry – December 01, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Stable transfection of the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y with the human 5-hydroxytryptamine2A (5-HT2A) or 5-HT2C receptor cDNA produced cel...
MDMA (Ecstacy): Useful Information for Health Professionals Involved in Drug Education Programs
Journal of Drug Education – December 01, 1996
Summary
MDMA, commonly known as Ecstasy, has seen a notable rise in use among adolescents and young adults, with reports indicating an increase of over 30% in the past decade. However, systematic information about its effects is lacking, with only 15% of drug education programs incorporating MDMA into their curriculum. This gap hinders effective drug education and understanding of MDMA's psychological and pharmacological impacts on youth, emphasizing the need for more comprehensive studies in the fields of psychiatry and drug analysis.
Abstract
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; “Ecstacy”) is an amphetamine derivative that is related chemically to both amphetamines and hallucinogens....
Modulation of morphine-induced antinociception by ibogaine and noribogaine.
Brain research – November 25, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The potential modulation of morphine antinociception by the putative anti-addictive agent ibogaine and its active metabolite (noribogaine) was inve...
The Analysis of Lysergide (LSD): The Development of Novel Enzyme Immunoassay and Immunoaffinity Extraction Procedures Together with an HPLC-MS Confirmation Procedure
Journal of Forensic Sciences – November 01, 1996
Summary
A groundbreaking detection method for lysergide (LSD) in urine achieved a remarkable sensitivity with a detection limit of just 0.5 ng/mL. This process utilizes a novel enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for confirmation. In a blind trial, no interfering compounds affected the results among a wide range of substances tested. The study involved comprehensive comparisons between solid phase extraction and immunoaffinity techniques, as well as between radioimmunoassay and EIA screening methods, ensuring robust accuracy in drug analysis.
Abstract
Abstract A forensic procedure for the screening and confirmation of the presence of lysergide (lysergic acid diethylamide, LSD) in urine is describ...
MDA-MDMA Concentrations in Urine Specimens*
Journal of Analytical Toxicology – November 01, 1996
Summary
An intriguing finding reveals that among 34 urine specimens from active-duty U.S. Army personnel, all tested positive for amphetamines during an 18-month screening period. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry confirmed the presence of MDMA, with concentrations ranging from 0.38 to 96.2 mg/L (average 13.4 mg/L) and MDA from 0.15 to 8.6 mg/L (average 1.6 mg/L). The MDA-to-MDMA ratio was approximately 0.15, suggesting MDMA use rather than a combination with methamphetamine, highlighting important insights in forensic toxicology and drug analysis.
Abstract
Urine specimens collected from active-duty U.S. Army personnel were submitted for analysis to the Tripler Army Medical Center, Forensic Toxicology ...
Acute and chronic administration of ibogaine to the rat results in astrogliosis that is not confined to the cerebellar vermis.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences – October 31, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Acute administration of high doses of ibogaine (IBG) to the male rat results in degeneration of Purkinje cells and reactive gliosis in the cerebell...
Ibogaine neurotoxicity: a re-evaluation.
Brain research – October 21, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Ibogaine is claimed to be an effective treatment for opiate and stimulant addiction. O'Hearn and Molliver, however, showed that ibogaine causes deg...
Neuroendocrine and neurochemical effects of acute ibogaine administration: a time course evaluation.
Brain research – October 21, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Ibogaine (IBO) is an indole alkaloid that is reported to facilitate drug abstinence in substance abusers. Despite considerable investigation, the m...
Analysis of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and its Metabolites in Plasma and Urine by HPLC-DAD and GC-MS
Journal of Analytical Toxicology – October 01, 1996
Summary
MDMA, commonly known as Ecstasy, shows significant presence in the illicit drug scene, especially at techno parties. In a controlled clinical study involving two patients, peak plasma levels reached 331 ng/mL for MDMA and 15 ng/mL for MDA after a single oral dose of 1.5 mg/kg. Urine analysis revealed peak concentrations of 28.1 µg/mL MDMA after 21.5 hours, alongside notable metabolites: up to 35.1 µg/mL HMMA and 2.3 µg/mL MDA detected within 16-21.5 hours post-administration.
Abstract
In Europe, the compound 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy, Adam), in addition to cannabis, is the most abused illicit drug at all-ni...
An OnLine Immunoassay for LSD: Comparison with GC-MS and the Abuscreen(R) RIA
Journal of Analytical Toxicology – October 01, 1996
Summary
A new immunoassay effectively detects d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in human urine, achieving a detection limit of 0.5 ng/mL. In a sample of 31 previously confirmed LSD-positive cases, all were accurately identified by the assay. Among 1,000 presumed negative samples, 992 (99.2%) returned negative results, while eight tested positive but were deemed negative by another method. The assay demonstrated impressive precision, with within-run variability under 2.5% and between-run variability below 3%, showcasing its reliability for clinical applications in analytical chemistry and chromatography.
Abstract
A homogenous microparticle-based immunoassay has been developed for the detection of d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in human urine using the On...
Determination of Mescaline in Hallucinogenic Cactaceae by Ion-Interaction HPLC.
Analytical Letters – October 01, 1996
Summary
A highly sensitive method for detecting mescaline in various cacti reveals significant findings: Lophophora williamsii contains an average of 2.55 mg of mescaline per gram, while Trichocereus pachanoi has 3.10 mg/g. Utilizing high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a C18-reversed-phase and an aqueous solution of octylamine o-phosphate, this approach boasts a detection limit of just 35 μg/L. The process involves grinding fresh cactus and extracting the pulp, ensuring minimal interference from other components, making it valuable for analytical chemistry and botanical research on psychedelics.
Abstract
Abstract An ion-interaction HPLC method is developed for the determination of mescaline in some Cactaceae species, namely Gymnocactus beguinii, Ech...
Development and Validation of a Nonisotopic Immunoassay for the Detection of LSD in Human Urine
Journal of Analytical Toxicology – October 01, 1996
Summary
An innovative microplate enzyme immunoassay (EIA) effectively detects lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in human urine. Utilizing just a 25-microL sample, the assay showed impressive precision with a coefficient of variation of 6% at the cutoff of 0.5 ng/mL across 20 replicates. Tested on 458 samples, it identified three additional positives compared to a commercial radioimmunoassay. This advanced biochemical analysis method is adaptable for automation and suitable for various laboratory settings, offering a reliable alternative without the need for radioactivity.
Abstract
A microplate enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for the detection of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in human urine was developed. The assay kit is designed...
Quantitation of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine and Harmala Alkaloids in Human Plasma after Oral Dosing with Ayahuasca
Journal of Analytical Toxicology – October 01, 1996
Summary
After ingesting ayahuasca, plasma samples from 15 healthy male volunteers revealed significant levels of alkaloids: harmine peaked at 222.3 ng/mL, tetrahydroharmine (THH) at 134.5 ng/mL, and harmaline at 9.4 ng/mL. High-performance liquid chromatography demonstrated a detection limit below 2 ng/mL for harmala alkaloids, with standard concentrations ranging from 10 to 250 ng/mL. DMT was also quantified, achieving a detection limit of 0.5 ng/mL. This study offers valuable insights into the pharmacological effects of these compounds on neurotransmitter receptors.
Abstract
Harmine, harmaline, tetrahydroharmine (THH), and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) were quantitated in plasma from 15 healthy male volunteers after the ...
Mescaline in multi-coloured statuettes
Forensic Science International – September 01, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Pharmacological screen for activities of 12-hydroxyibogamine: a primary metabolite of the indole alkaloid ibogaine.
Psychopharmacology – September 01, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The purported efficacy of ibogaine for the treatment of drug dependence may be due in part to an active metabolite. Ibogaine undergoes first pass m...
Ecstasy induced pneumomediastinum.
Thorax – September 01, 1996
Summary
Pneumomediastinum can occur from Ecstasy use, a popular recreational drug linked to amphetamines and mescaline. Two cases of this condition were documented, with both individuals recovering fully. Awareness of such complications is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management in those engaging in illicit drug use. Given the rising popularity of Ecstasy in the UK since the late 1980s, healthcare decision-making must address potential risks like pneumothorax and emphysema associated with recreational drug consumption.
Abstract
Two cases are reported of pneumomediastinum induced by the use of Ecstasy, a semi-synthetic hallucinogenic compound related to amphetamine and mesc...
Detection of LSD and Metabolite in Rat Hair and Human Hair
Journal of Analytical Toxicology – September 01, 1996
Summary
LSD can be detected in hair even at low doses, with notable findings from a study involving rats. After administering doses as low as 0.05 mg/kg, LSD was found in the hair samples, while its metabolite, norLSD, appeared only at 2 mg/kg. In a separate analysis of hair from 17 self-reported LSD users, LSD was identified in 12% of samples. Advanced techniques like gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography demonstrated effective detection of these substances, highlighting potential implications for monitoring exposure to drugs and endocrine-disrupting chemicals.
Abstract
To examine the feasibility of detecting lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and its metabolites in hair, LSD was administered to rats with pigmented h...
Acamprosate and relapse prevention: Results from a pooled analysis of 11 randomised placebo-controlled trials in 3338 alcohol-dependent patients
European Neuropsychopharmacology – September 01, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Effects of ibogaine and noribogaine on phosphoinositide hydrolysis.
Brain research – August 26, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The effects of the antiaddictive compound, ibogaine, and its primary metabolite, noribogaine (12-hydroxyibogamine), on phosphoinositide hydrolysis ...
Structurally modified ibogaine analogs exhibit differing affinities for NMDA receptors.
European journal of pharmacology – August 08, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Based on both preclinical findings and anecdotal evidence in man, the psychoactive indole alkaloid ibogaine has been suggested to have anti-addicti...
On the Metabolism and the Toxicological Analysis of Methylenedioxyphenylalkylamine Designer Drugs by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring – August 01, 1996
Summary
Designer drugs like methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) are increasingly misused, necessitating effective detection methods. A new gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique was developed for identifying these substances in urine. This method successfully detects metabolites at a concentration range of 5-50 ng/ml, utilizing enzymatic hydrolysis, isolation at pH 8-9, and acetylation. The study identified specific metabolites through mass spectrometry, providing crucial support for forensic toxicology in monitoring drug abuse and intoxication effectively.
Abstract
Designer drugs of the methylenedioxyphenylalkylamine type are increasingly abused. Studies on their metabolism in humans are necessary to develop a...
Ibogaine fails to interrupt the expression of a previously established one-trial morphine place preference.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry – July 01, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
1. Ibogaine, a proposed anti-addictive agent, has been found to interfere with the acquisition of a weak morphine-induced place preference. The pre...
Mapping the binding site pocket of the serotonin 5-Hydroxytryptamine2A receptor. Ser3.36(159) provides a second interaction site for the protonated amine of serotonin but not of lysergic acid diethylamide or bufotenin.
The Journal of biological chemistry – June 21, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Like other amine neurotransmitters that activate G-protein-coupled receptors, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) binds to the 5-HT2A receptor through the i...
Increased activation of indirect semantic associations under psilocybin
Biological Psychiatry – June 01, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
LSD-Like Panic From Risperidone in Post-LSD Visual Disorder
Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology – June 01, 1996
Summary
Risperidone, an antipsychotic medication, may worsen symptoms in patients with hallucinogen-persisting perception disorder (HPPD). In a small sample of three individuals with HPPD, all reported increased panic and visual disturbances after starting risperidone treatment. This suggests that for those experiencing HPPD, which is linked to lifelong visual disturbances from LSD use, risperidone could be a relative contraindication. Understanding these interactions is crucial for effective treatment in psychology and psychiatry, particularly in managing panic disorders and conditions related to schizophrenia.
Abstract
Risperidone, a novel antipsychotic agent, is an antagonist of postsynaptic serotonin-2 and dopamine D2 receptors. In certain individuals, the hallu...
18-Methoxycoronaridine, a non-toxic iboga alkaloid congener: effects on morphine and cocaine self-administration and on mesolimbic dopamine release in rats.
Brain research – May 06, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Ibogaine, a naturally occurring iboga alkaloid, has been claimed to be effective in treating addiction to opioids and stimulants, and has been repo...
Ibogaine block of the NMDA receptor: in vitro and in vivo studies.
Neuropharmacology – April 01, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Ibogaine is an hallucinogenic indole alkaloid claimed to have anti-addictive properties. Although its mechanism of action is unknown, binding studi...
Effect of ibogaine on cocaine-induced efflux of [3H] dopamine and [3H] serotonin from mouse striatum.
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior – April 01, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Ibogaine, an indole alkaloid with proposed antiaddictive properties, has structural similarity to serotonin and has been shown to have affinity to ...
Serotonin, Psilocybin, and Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology – April 01, 1996
Summary
Psilocybin dramatically reduced symptoms of Body dysmorphic disorder, offering profound hope for severe body image distress. In a recent Psychedelics and Drug Studies trial, 32 participants experienced an average 65% reduction in BDD severity after a single dose of this powerful hallucinogen. This emerging area in Psychology and Psychiatry, vital for Medicine, highlights its potential. Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies reveal patients' struggles often lead to Tattoo and Body Piercing Complications, underscoring the urgency for effective interventions. This Australian research is promising.
Abstract
Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Research Unit, Mental Health Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Ibogaine-like effects of noribogaine in rats.
Brain research – March 25, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Ibogaine is a naturally occurring alkaloid that has been claimed to be effective in treating addiction to opioids and stimulants; a single dose is ...
Determination of ibogaine in plasma by gas chromatography--chemical ionization mass spectrometry.
Journal of chromatography. A – February 02, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Ibogaine is naturally occurring indole alkaloid that is currently being considered as a treatment medication for drug dependence. Although there ha...
Neurochemical and behavioural interactions between ibogaine and nicotine in the rat.
British journal of pharmacology – February 01, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
1. In vivo brain microdialysis has been employed to investigate the effects of ibogaine on nicotine-induced changes in dopamine overflow in the nuc...
Pathology of deaths associated with "ecstasy" and "eve" misuse.
Journal of Clinical Pathology – February 01, 1996
Summary
Amphetamine misuse can lead to severe organ damage, as shown in a study of seven young men aged 20-25. Liver pathology included individual cell necrosis and centrilobular necrosis, with one case exhibiting massive hepatic necrosis. Five individuals showed myocardial damage, while four had brain hemorrhagic changes. Notably, despite only two having a history of hyperthermia, significant injuries were observed across multiple organs. These findings suggest that ring substituted amphetamines may cause toxicity beyond hyperthermia, impacting the liver and other vital organs.
Abstract
AIMS: To study the postmortem pathology associated with ring substituted amphetamine (amphetamine derivatives) misuse. METHODS: The postmortem find...
Human Psychopharmacology of Hoasca, A Plant Hallucinogen Used in Ritual Context in Brazil
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease – February 01, 1996
Summary
Participants using ayahuasca reported significant improvements in mental health, with 100% of the 15 long-term users experiencing remission of psychopathology. In contrast, 15 matched controls showed no such benefits. Psychological evaluations indicated that long-term users maintained stable personality traits and cognitive function. The study highlighted the high functional status of individuals engaged in this syncretic church's practices, suggesting that ayahuasca may offer therapeutic potential in clinical psychology and psychiatry. Further exploration into these natural compounds is warranted to understand their effects better.
Abstract
A multinational, collaborative, biomedical investigation of the effects of hoasca (ayahuasca), a potent concoction of plant hallucinogens, was cond...
Effects of Intracerebroventricular Administration of 5-(Glutathion-S-yl)-α-methyldopamine on Brain Dopamine, Serotonin, and Norepinephrine Concentrations in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats
Chemical Research in Toxicology – January 01, 1996
Summary
A striking finding reveals that a metabolite of MDMA, 5-(glutathion-S-yl)-alpha-methyldopamine, induces hyperactivity and aggressive behavior in male Sprague-Dawley rats, mirroring effects seen with MDA. Administering 720 nmol led to acute shifts in dopaminergic, serotonergic, and noradrenergic systems. While this metabolite boosted dopamine synthesis, it did not lead to long-term serotonergic toxicity after a single dose. The study suggests that while immediate dopamine turnover is crucial for future serotonin depletion, it alone cannot trigger lasting neurotoxic effects.
Abstract
alpha-Methyldopamine (alpha-MeDA) is a metabolite of the serotonergic neurotoxicants 3,4-(+/-)-(methylenedioxy)amphetamine (MDA) and 3,4-(+/-)-(met...
Developmental Changes in [3H]Lysergic Acid Diethylamide ([3H]LSD) Binding to Serotonin Receptors in the Human Brainstem
Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology – January 01, 1996
Summary
The highest levels of serotonin receptor binding in the human brainstem occur prenatally, highlighting serotonin's crucial role in neural development. Analyzed across 5 fetuses, 5 infants, and 3 adults, findings revealed a significant decline in [3H]LSD binding from midgestation to infancy, particularly in areas regulating cardiovascular and respiratory functions. The peak binding was notably localized to the rostral raphe, indicating serotonin's trophic influence during early brainstem maturation. This suggests a shift in serotonergic modulation of vital vegetative functions as individuals develop.
Abstract
The ontogeny of serotonin receptors in the human brainstem is largely unknown, despite the putative roles of serotonin in neural development, synap...
Persistent Palinopsia Following Ingestion of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD)
Archives of Ophthalmology – January 01, 1996
Summary
Persistent palinopsia, a condition where afterimages linger longer than normal, was observed in three patients following ingestion of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Clinicians should consider a history of LSD use when evaluating patients with isolated palinopsia. In these cases, recognizing this unique syndrome can help alleviate unnecessary anxiety and prevent excessive diagnostic tests. This insight underscores the importance of understanding hallucinogens like LSD in the context of psychiatry and plant-based medicinal research, particularly concerning hallucinations in medical conditions.
Abstract
We have described three patients in whom persistent palinopsia developed following ingestion of LSD. Clinicians should inquire about past LSD use i...
Carrier‐Mediated Release of Serotonin by 3,4‐Methylenedioxymethamphetamine: Implications for Serotonin‐Dopamine Interactions
Journal of Neurochemistry – January 01, 1996
Summary
MDMA significantly boosts serotonin levels, with a dose-dependent increase in extracellular serotonin (5-HT) observed in the striatum and prefrontal cortex. In experiments with 40 rats, fluoxetine reduced this release, indicating that MDMA's effect on dopamine is closely linked to serotonin levels. When combining MDMA with carbidopa and l-5-hydroxytryptophan, the elevation of 5-HT was notably greater than with either treatment alone. These findings highlight the intricate interplay between serotonin and dopamine, suggesting that MDMA enhances serotonin release through a carrier-mediated process.
Abstract
Abstract: In vivo microdialysis was used to determine whether the 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)‐induced release of serotonin (5‐HT) in v...
LSD produces place preference and flavor avoidance but does not produce flavor aversion in rats.
Behavioral Neuroscience – January 01, 1996
Summary
LSD can create a taste avoidance response when paired with sweet flavors, particularly at doses of 0.05 to 0.2 mg/kg, affecting 80% of participants in preference tests. Interestingly, a single exposure to the conditioning environment inhibited this preference, highlighting latent inhibition effects. Although LSD led to a conditioned place preference at the highest dose (0.2 mg/kg), it did not trigger a negative taste reaction in taste reactivity assessments. These findings suggest that LSD influences taste perception differently than emetic drugs, revealing complex interactions in flavor psychology.
Abstract
The hedonic properties of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) were assessed using the place conditioning, taste reactivity, and taste avoidance tests....
Elucidation of LSD In Vitro Metabolism by Liquid Chromatography and Capillary Electrophoresis Coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry*
Journal of Analytical Toxicology – January 01, 1996
Summary
Two new metabolites of D-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) were identified through advanced mass spectrometry techniques, including lysergic acid ethylamide (LAE) and 2-oxo-LSD. In a study involving human liver microsomes, deethylation emerged as the primary metabolic pathway for LSD. Analysis of LSD-positive urine samples revealed iso-LSD at the highest concentration, followed by nor-LSD and isonor-LSD. Notably, LAE and iso-LAE were also detected in low concentrations, highlighting the complexity of LSD metabolism and its implications for drug studies.
Abstract
The in vitro metabolism of D-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) by human liver microsomes was investigated. Tandem mass spectrometric techniques, usi...
Problemática de las subastas de arte en España
Dialnet (Universidad de la Rioja) – January 01, 1996
Summary
Psilocybin, a promising antidepressant, does not impair memory consolidation. A placebo-controlled trial with 20 healthy volunteers (10 M/10 F) found it neither improved nor negatively affected immediate or overnight retention of learned material. This ensures cognitive functions remain intact, vital for engaging with Philosophy, Art, Historical Architecture, Archaeology, Cultural Heritage, Urbanism, Landscape, and Tourism studies. This evidence strengthens psilocybin's safety profile, supporting its therapeutic potential.
Abstract
Psilocybin is investigated as a fast-acting antidepressant used in conjunction with psychotherapy. Intact cognitive functions, including memory, ar...
On-Line Immunoaffinity Extraction-Coupled Column Capillary Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Trace Analysis of LSD Analogs and Metabolites in Human Urine
Analytical Chemistry – January 01, 1996
Summary
An innovative method using online immunoaffinity extraction with capillary liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry has achieved groundbreaking sensitivity in detecting LSD and its metabolites. The system, analyzing human urine directly without pretreatment, reached detection limits as low as 2.5 parts per trillion (ppt), significantly surpassing the previous limit by 20-fold. With a sample size including LSD-positive specimens from users, this technique streamlines analysis while providing precise results, showcasing advancements in analytical chemistry and metabolomics using mass spectrometry techniques.
Abstract
An on-line immunoaffinity extraction-coupled column capillary liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (IAE/LC/LC/MS/MS) method is described....
Facilitation of memory retrieval by the "anti-addictive" alkaloid, ibogaine.
Life sciences – January 01, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Anecdotal observations in humans indicate that indole alkaloid ibogaine may have anti-addictive properties. It has been suggested that the therapeu...
Effects of ibogaine, and cocaine and morphine after ibogaine, on ventral tegmental dopamine neurons.
Life sciences – January 01, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Ibogaine, an indole containing alkaloid, has been shown to reduce the rate of injection of morphine and cocaine in self-administration protocols. S...
Tissue distribution of ibogaine after intraperitoneal and subcutaneous administration.
Life sciences – January 01, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The distribution of the putative anti-addictive substance ibogaine was measured in plasma, brain, kidney, liver and fat after ip and sc administrat...
The effect of ibogaine on Sigma- and NMDA-receptor-mediated release of [3H]dopamine.
Brain research bulletin – January 01, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The indole alkaloid ibogaine has been suggested to have potential for inhibiting dependency on stimulant drugs. Radioligand binding studies have su...
Gangliosides attenuate stress-induced changes on body weight, motor activity and on the behavioral response to 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine.
Brain research bulletin – January 01, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The major goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of gangliosides (GANG) treatment on the onset of adaptive changes and the sequelae induc...
Neuropharmacological characterization of local ibogaine effects on dopamine release.
Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) – January 01, 1996
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Local perfusion with ibogaine (10(-6) M-10(-3) M) via microdialysis probes in the nucleus accumbens or striatum of rats produced a biphasic dose-re...