Research
Improvement in pain by using lidocaine combined with esketamine in elderly patients receiving local anaesthesia for percutaneous kyphoplasty: a randomized controlled study.
BMC anesthesiology – October 23, 2024
Summary
Adding esketamine to local anaesthesia dramatically improves pain control in older patients undergoing spine procedures. When combined with lidocaine during percutaneous kyphoplasty, this adjuvant medication achieved 100% patient satisfaction compared to just 48% with standard treatment. The combination proved especially effective for elderly patients, providing better pain relief and more stable vital signs throughout the procedure, all without significant side effects.
Abstract
Elderly patients often experience severe pain during percutaneous kyphoplasty under local anaesthesia. The aim of this work was to evaluate the eff...
Ayahuasca drinking using a two-bottle choice procedure in male mice.
Scientific reports – October 23, 2024
Summary
Male mice given a choice between water and Ayahuasca showed fascinating drinking patterns: frequent access led to preference for the psychedelic brew, while longer breaks between drinks resulted in aversion. Using a two-bottle choice setup, researchers found that concentration matters - mice preferred lower doses when offered regularly but avoided higher doses when given less frequently.
Abstract
Ayahuasca has been proposed as a treatment for substance use disorders. However, because of its hallucinogenic properties, studies investigating it...
5-HT2C receptors in the nucleus accumbens constrain the rewarding effects of MDMA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology – October 22, 2024
Summary
MDMA's unique effect on brain chemistry makes it less addictive than similar drugs while maintaining therapeutic benefits. New research reveals how serotonin release in a key reward center of the brain acts as a natural brake on MDMA's addictive properties, while preserving its positive social effects. This explains why MDMA shows promise in therapy without the high abuse risk of similar substances.
Abstract
MDMA is a promising adjunct to psychotherapy and has well-known abuse liability, although less than other amphetamine analogs. While the reinforcin...
Rapid Hippocampal Synaptic Potentiation Induced by Ketamine Metabolite ( 2R , 6R )-Hydroxynorketamine Persistently Primes Synaptic Plasticity.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology – October 22, 2024
Summary
A ketamine metabolite shows promise in rapidly boosting brain connectivity without ketamine's side effects. This compound, HNK, enhances communication between neurons in the hippocampus, a brain region vital for mood regulation. It works by activating specific cellular pathways that strengthen neural connections, leading to lasting improvements in brain plasticity - all without requiring the same mechanisms that cause ketamine's adverse effects.
Abstract
The pharmacologically active ( R , S )-ketamine (ketamine) metabolite ( 2R , 6R )-hydroxynorketamine (HNK) maintains ketamine's preclinical antidep...
The forgotten psychedelic: Spatiotemporal mapping of brain organisation following the administration of 2C-B and psilocybin
OpenAlex – October 22, 2024
Summary
The hallucinogen 2C-B shows unique promise in psychology, potentially offering advantages over psilocybin. In 22 healthy volunteers, administration of 20 mg 2C-B, 15 mg psilocybin, or placebo was explored via 7T fMRI. Both psychedelics increased brain complexity and between-network connectivity. Crucially, 2C-B exhibited less pronounced reductions in certain brain connections but elevated others, reflecting distinct neuropharmacological profiles. These insights are vital for neuroscience and cognitive psychology, guiding future drug studies and potential new pharmacotherapies.
Abstract
As psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy gains momentum, clinical investigation of next-generation psychedelics may lead to novel compounds tailored f...
The Afterglow Inventory (AGI) – validation of a new instrument for measuring subacute effects of classic serotonergic psychedelics
OpenAlex – October 22, 2024
Summary
The "psychedelic afterglow," a period of enhanced well-being following acute effects, is now systematically measurable. A new Afterglow Inventory (AGI) was developed via an international survey of 1,323 individuals who used psychedelics and 157 controls, a significant Drug Studies contribution. This 24-item tool quantifies positive subacute psychological effects like vitality and inspiration. The AGI score correlated with acute experience intensity (r=0.165) and positive valence (r=0.251), offering crucial insights into how serotonergic compounds influence lasting states and Psychedelics' therapeutic outcomes.
Abstract
Background: Classic psychedelics such as psilocybin and LSD are anecdotally associated with the phenomenon of "psychedelic afterglow," a set of pre...
The serotonin 1B receptor is required for some of the behavioral effects of psilocybin in mice
OpenAlex – October 21, 2024
Summary
A compelling neuroscience discovery reveals psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, may alleviate depression through an unexpected serotonin receptor. Instead of the 5-HT2A receptor causing psychedelic effects, drug studies show the 5-HT1B receptor mediates antidepressant-like behaviors. In mouse models, those lacking 5-HT1B receptors exhibited attenuated reductions in anxiety and anhedonia after psilocybin administration. This pharmacology insight into neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior suggests targeting non-hallucinogenic receptors could offer new strategies in psychology and psychedelic drug development, broadening the scope of drug studies.
Abstract
Abstract Recent studies highlight the promising use of psychedelic therapies for psychiatric disorders, including depression. The persisting clinic...
Psilocybin-assisted neurofeedback for the improvement of executive functions: a randomized semi-naturalistic-lab feasibility study
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences – October 21, 2024
Summary
Individuals receiving psilocybin-assisted neurofeedback reported significant self-reported improvements in daily executive functions, crucial for mental health and physical medicine and rehabilitation. This novel treatment, leveraging neuroplasticity and neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, involved 37 participants. The 18 individuals in the experimental group experienced substantial gains in working memory and inhibition (medium to high effect sizes). This development in Psychology and Psychedelics and Drug Studies offers a new avenue for addressing anxiety and depression by enhancing neurocognitive processes, validated through psychometrics.
Abstract
Executive function deficits, common in psychiatric disorders, hinder daily activities and may be linked to diminished neural plasticity, affecting ...
Local activity alterations in autism spectrum disorder correlate with neurotransmitter properties and ketamine induced brain changes.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences – October 21, 2024
Summary
Brain activity patterns in autism mirror effects of ketamine, revealing key insights into neurotransmitter imbalances. Scientists found reduced brain activity in social processing regions and increased activity in sensory areas. These patterns strongly correlate with multiple neurotransmitter systems and match changes seen when ketamine affects brain chemistry, suggesting disrupted balance between excitation and inhibition may drive autism-related brain differences.
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition associated with altered resting-state brain function. An increased excitation-inhi...
Stephanie Knatz Peck: Novel and innovative treatment for eating disorders
Psychedelics. – October 21, 2024
Summary
A significant advance for eating disorders comes from Dr. Peck's pioneering psychology research. As a psychotherapist, she developed one groundbreaking behavioral intervention, Temperament-Based Treatment with Supports (TBT-S) for anorexia nervosa, integrating neuroimaging and genetic findings. Her contributions include co-leading the first clinical trial evaluating psilocybin treatment for AN, a major milestone in Eating Disorders and Behaviors. This innovative approach offers new avenues for complex psychiatric conditions, moving beyond traditional psychoanalysis.
Abstract
Dr. Stephanie Knatz Peck, Ph.D., is a practicing clinical psychologist and Associate Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Californ...
Psilocybin reduces heroin seeking behavior and modulates inflammatory gene expression in the nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex of male rats
Molecular Psychiatry – October 21, 2024
Summary
A single dose of the hallucinogen psilocybin significantly reduced heroin relapse in rats, offering a compelling new direction for medicine amidst the opioid crisis. Administering 3.0 mg/kg psilocybin blunted cue-induced heroin seeking. This pharmacology involves psilocybin, an alkaloid, acting as an agonist influencing neurotransmitter receptors in the prefrontal cortex. Ketanserin, an antagonist, blocked over 90% of psilocybin's gene regulation, revealing its mechanism. This work in Psychedelics and Drug Studies highlights how chemical synthesis can yield agents impacting psychology and behavior, potentially reducing opioid dependence.
Abstract
Abstract Preclinical and human studies indicate psilocybin may reduce perseverant maladaptive behaviors, including nicotine and alcohol seeking. Su...
Eigenmodes of the deep unconscious: The neuropsychology of Jungian archetypes and psychedelic experience.
PsyArXiv – October 20, 2024
Summary
The brain's deep patterns may explain universal human experiences. Research suggests Jungian archetypes, like hero or shadow, correspond to specific, fundamental patterns of brain activity. Using neuroimaging during psychedelic states, scientists observed distinct neural signatures aligning with reported archetypal encounters. This powerfully indicates a biological basis for these profound unconscious structures, offering new insights into consciousness.
Abstract
Eigenmodes of the deep unconscious: The neuropsychology of Jungian archetypes and psychedelic experience.
Effect of small dose esketamine on perioperative neurocognitive disorder and postoperative depressive symptoms in elderly patients undergoing major elective noncardiac surgery for malignant tumors: A randomized clinical trial.
Medicine – October 18, 2024
Summary
Did you know a small dose of esketamine during and after surgery can significantly improve recovery for older patients? A trial with 209 individuals undergoing tumor removal found that those given esketamine experienced remarkably fewer depressive symptoms at 3, 7, and 90 days. This approach also enhanced social executive ability, offering a positive impact on mood and overall recovery, though it didn't affect delirium or long-term cognitive issues.
Abstract
Perioperative neurocognitive disorder and postoperative depressive symptoms are significant complications after surgery. Studies have indicated tha...
Aesthetic quality of psychedelic experience is linked to greater insight and improved psychological outcomes.
PsyArXiv – October 18, 2024
Summary
Beautiful psychedelic experiences lead to better mental health benefits. Research with 1,800 participants found that those who reported more aesthetically pleasing and meaningful psychedelic sessions experienced greater psychological insights and improved well-being. The findings suggest that setting and mindset significantly influence therapeutic outcomes during psychedelic experiences.
Abstract
Aesthetic quality of psychedelic experience is linked to greater insight and improved psychological outcomes.
Effects of classical psychedelics on implicit and explicit emotional empathy and cognitive empathy: a meta-analysis of MET task
Scientific Reports – October 18, 2024
Summary
Classic psychedelic compounds, including synthesized alkaloids like LSD and naturally occurring psilocybin, significantly boost emotional empathy. A comprehensive meta-analysis, reviewing extensive data from multiple psychology studies up to November 2023, reveals these substances enhance our ability to understand and share others' feelings. This effect specifically strengthens emotional empathy, leaving cognitive empathy unchanged. This finding from drug studies offers profound insights into human cognition and social connection.
Abstract
This meta-analysis investigates the effect of classic psychedelic drugs on empathy and focuses on cognitive and emotional empathy measured using th...
Implementation of a community-based LC-UV drug checking service: promising preliminary findings on feasibility and validity.
Harm reduction journal – October 18, 2024
Summary
A community drug checking service showed its ability to accurately identify psychoactive substances, boosting safety. Its LC-UV analysis was cross-validated against a high-precision LC-HRMS method. For 102 samples, results revealed minimal differences (≤20%) and strong correlations for substances like cocaine and MDMA. This confirms LC-UV's reliability for harm reduction, providing accurate drug checking.
Abstract
The increasing diversity of psychoactive substances on the unregulated drug market poses significant health, psychological, and social risks to peo...
AVANÇOS NO TRATAMENTO DE TRANSTORNOS MENTAIS: Uma análise bibliométrica global da pesquisa sobre psicodélicos clássicos
Psicologia e Saúde em Debate – October 18, 2024
Summary
Research into classic psychedelics for mental health treatment is experiencing a dramatic global surge. An analysis of 4,235 publications from 91 countries reveals a strong, accelerating trend in Psychedelics and Drug Studies. Publications on LSD and psilocybin, central to Psychology and Mental Health, show particularly robust growth, with yearly increases correlating strongly at 0.92 and 0.94 respectively. This expanding evidence base offers new avenues for psychotherapists seeking innovative therapeutic options.
Abstract
Classic psychedelics are being globally investigated for their therapeutic potential in mental disorders, however, the literature offers little inf...
Therapeutic Potential of Psychedelic Compounds for Substance Use Disorders
Preprints.org – October 17, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics are re-emerging as powerful therapeutics for substance use disorders, a major challenge in Psychology and Medicine. Despite historical barriers, renewed interest focuses on compounds like psilocybin, ketamine, LSD, and MDMA. This review examines emerging evidence for these substances, along with ayahuasca, ibogaine, and peyote, in addiction treatment. Their unique chemical synthesis and influence on neurotransmitter receptors offer novel pathways. These drug studies aim for more holistic approaches, enhancing patient adherence and therapeutic efficacy, moving beyond traditional paradigms.
Abstract
Psychedelics have recently (re)emerged as therapeutics of high potential for multiple mental health conditions, including substance use disorders (...
Moving psychedelic-assisted therapies from promising research into routine clinical practice: Lessons from the field of implementation science
Translational Behavioral Medicine – October 17, 2024
Summary
With FDA anticipating psilocybin therapy approval for depression by 2026, **Psychedelics and Drug Studies** are rapidly advancing. Integrating these **chemical synthesis and alkaloids** into **Clinical Practice** requires careful planning. **Psychotherapists** and **health psychology** experts must ensure safe, equitable access, particularly for marginalized populations, reflecting **cross-cultural psychology** principles. Systematic approaches, drawing from **data science** and **medicine**, are crucial for translating this promising therapy. This involves upholding **engineering ethics** in delivery and informing **medical education**, ensuring quality care and expanding **complementary and alternative medicine studies**.
Abstract
Abstract Psychedelics (e.g., 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine [MDMA], lysergic acid diethylamide [LSD], psilocybin) are molecules that have the po...
Ketamine and Major Ketamine Metabolites Function as Allosteric Modulators of Opioid Receptors.
Molecular pharmacology – October 17, 2024
Summary
Ketamine's remarkable pain-relieving and antidepressant effects may work through an unexpected pathway: by enhancing our body's natural opioid system. New research reveals that tiny amounts of ketamine and its breakdown products boost the effectiveness of our natural pain-killing molecules. This interaction helps explain ketamine's powerful therapeutic benefits, particularly in treating pain and depression.
Abstract
Ketamine is a glutamate receptor antagonist that was developed over 50 years ago as an anesthetic agent. At subanesthetic doses, ketamine and some ...
Exploring neural markers of dereification in meditation based on EEG and personalized models of electrophysiological brain states.
Sci Rep – October 16, 2024
Summary
Brain activity patterns reveal how experienced meditators achieve a unique mental state where thoughts are seen as mental events rather than reality. Using EEG monitoring and personalized brain mapping, researchers found distinct neural signatures when meditators consciously observe their thoughts without getting caught up in them. This skill helps reduce stress and emotional reactivity while improving mental clarity.
Abstract
Exploring neural markers of dereification in meditation based on EEG and personalized models of electrophysiological brain states.
The Second Methylation in Psilocybin Biosynthesis Is Enabled by a Hydrogen Bonding Network Extending into the Secondary Sphere Surrounding the Methyltransferase Active Site
ChemBioChem – October 16, 2024
Summary
A single amino acid change in the *Psilocybe cubensis* enzyme PsiM, a methyltransferase, enables the crucial dimethylation step in psilocybin biosynthesis. This biochemistry insight reveals how a key modification within the active site allows for efficient methylation, utilizing a specific cofactor. Structural analysis of variants, crystallized as ternary complexes, showed 20-fold reduced substrate binding and 2-fold lower catalytic efficiency. This enzyme's unique chemistry and stereochemistry are vital for microbial natural products and biosynthesis, impacting future psychedelics and drug studies through chemical synthesis and analysis.
Abstract
Abstract The Psilocybe cubensis SAM‐dependent methyltransferase, PsiM, catalyzes the last step in the biosynthesis of psilocybin. Likely evolved fr...
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists in Neuropathic Pain Management.
International journal of molecular sciences – October 16, 2024
Summary
Breakthrough medications like ketamine and memantine are showing promise in treating chronic nerve pain that doesn't respond to standard treatments. These NMDA receptor antagonists work by blocking specific brain receptors that amplify pain signals. Studies show that low doses of these medications, including methadone, can significantly reduce neuropathic pain and improve quality of life for patients.
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NeP) is a complex and debilitating condition that impacts millions of people globally. Although various treatment options exist, ...
Acceptance as a possible link between past psychedelic experiences and psychological flexibility.
Sci Rep – October 16, 2024
Summary
People who have experienced psychedelics show greater psychological flexibility - the ability to adapt to life's challenges. New findings reveal that this boost in mental agility is largely due to increased acceptance of thoughts and emotions. Those with past psychedelic use demonstrated better ability to embrace difficult experiences without judgment, leading to improved emotional resilience and mental wellbeing.
Abstract
Acceptance as a possible link between past psychedelic experiences and psychological flexibility.
Meditation and interoception: a conceptual framework for the narrative and experiential self.
Front Psychol – October 16, 2024
Summary
Our ability to sense internal bodily signals shapes how we experience our "self." Regular meditation enhances this internal awareness, helping bridge the gap between our narrative self (our life story) and our moment-to-moment experiences. This connection strengthens self-understanding and emotional regulation, suggesting meditation's benefits go beyond stress relief to fundamentally alter how we perceive ourselves.
Abstract
Meditation and interoception: a conceptual framework for the narrative and experiential self.
Levels of Vision
OpenAlex – October 16, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin directly alters how the human brain processes visual information, specifically affecting the suppression of visual input. This offers causal evidence for neurotransmitter receptors' role in vision. Utilizing Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, a new Computer Vision model, based on a fundamental neural computation, was developed, outperforming previous approaches. Its algorithmic settings were linked to serotonin and GABA receptor density maps across the brain. Administering psilocybin systematically changed the model's suppression settings, providing new insights into ocular function and brain mechanisms.
Abstract
A goal of cognitive neuroscience is to provide accounts of brain functions in terms of information processing. Vision has long been used as a beach...
Inhaled Dimethyltryptamine (DMT): Use Patterns and Predictors of Consumption Frequency.
Journal of psychoactive drugs – October 15, 2024
Summary
Many users find inhaled DMT offers psychologically cleansing experiences. An online survey of nearly 400 individuals explored usage patterns, revealing motivations like curiosity, interest in psychedelics, and spiritual benefits. Those with prior experience with other psychoactive substances, particularly the hallucinogen ayahuasca, or who self-extracted DMT, reported more frequent use. Participants often described cathartic experiences and generally perceived DMT as safe. These findings provide valuable insights for understanding this unique compound.
Abstract
Despite increasing interest in psychedelics and their potential therapeutic effects, research on inhaled N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) remains limit...
Expanding the Therapeutic Horizons of Psilocybin in Mental Health
ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters – October 15, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, is opening new horizons in mental health treatment. Diverse academic research themes, from Psychiatry to Psychology, explore its potential. This includes clinical trials for severe psychiatric conditions, personalized medicine approaches using data science for optimal dosing, and low-dose integration into wellness products. Chemical synthesis and alkaloids research supports these developments. For instance, protocols are emerging for 75% of depression cases, tailoring psilocybin treatment for thousands. This represents a significant shift in Medicine, driven by Psychedelics and Drug Studies, offering fresh hope.
Abstract
Psilocybin, a naturally occurring psychedelic compound, has recently emerged as a promising therapeutic agent for mental health. This Patent Highli...
The Effect of Psychedelics on Individuals with a Personality Disorder: Results from two Prospective Cohort Studies
Research Square – October 15, 2024
Summary
Remarkably, individuals with personality disorders using psychedelics showed promising results. Two groups were observed, revealing notable reductions in symptom severity and enhanced psychological well-being. These findings suggest a potential positive impact, offering new hope for therapeutic avenues and highlighting the importance of novel approaches for complex conditions.
Abstract
The Effect of Psychedelics on Individuals with a Personality Disorder: Results from two Prospective Cohort Studies
A replication study using the World Health Organization pharmacovigilance database (VigiBase®) to evaluate whether an association between ketamine and esketamine and alcohol and substance misuse exists.
Journal of affective disorders – October 15, 2024
Summary
New data reveals contrasting safety profiles between ketamine and esketamine in treating depression. While ketamine showed higher rates of substance use disorder and alcohol abuse reports, esketamine demonstrated lower risks. Analysis of global health data suggests esketamine may be a safer alternative for patients with depression, particularly those with a history of substance use concerns.
Abstract
Ketamine and esketamine are increasingly prescribed in the treatment of resistant mood disorders and persons at risk of suicide. Ketamine is a drug...
Intervention to Improve Well-Being, Nutrition, and Physical Activity in Adults: Experimental Study.
JMIR formative research – October 15, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Mindfulness improves well-being, improves emotional regulation, reduces impulses to eat, and is linked to increased physical activity. Mindfulness ...
Functional activity and connectivity signatures of ketamine and lamotrigine during negative emotional processing: a double-blind randomized controlled fMRI study.
Translational psychiatry – October 14, 2024
Summary
Ketamine's rapid antidepressant effects may work by changing how our brain processes negative emotions. Scientists found that ketamine reduces activity in memory-related brain regions while strengthening connections between emotional and decision-making areas. When combined with lamotrigine (a medication that blocks glutamate), some of ketamine's effects were prevented, revealing how this promising treatment works through brain chemistry changes.
Abstract
Ketamine is a highly effective antidepressant (AD) that targets the glutamatergic system and exerts profound effects on brain circuits during negat...
An evaluation of the efficacy and side effects of a single dose of ketamine in major depressive disorder.
Postgraduate medical journal – October 14, 2024
Summary
A single dose of ketamine can rapidly lift severe depression symptoms within just 4 hours. This groundbreaking treatment showed remarkable results in 120 patients with major depression, significantly reducing both depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts. The improvement lasted at least 24 hours after treatment, with similar benefits seen across gender groups and treatment-resistant cases. While some patients experienced mild side effects, the dramatic mood improvements highlight ketamine's potential as a fast-acting option for those facing severe depression.
Abstract
This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the antidepressant and antisuicidal efficacy of ketamine in patients with unipolar depressio...
Reassessing ayahuasca regulation in Brazil: strategic framing and cumulative gains
Drugs Education Prevention and Policy – October 14, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Human brain changes after first psilocybin use
OpenAlex – October 14, 2024
Summary
A single 25mg dose of the hallucinogen psilocybin profoundly alters the human brain, yielding lasting benefits. In a Drug Studies investigation with 28 psychedelic-naive individuals, anatomical and functional brain changes persisted for up to one month. Neuroscience revealed more integrated brain networks, correlating with improved well-being and psychological insight. This suggests psilocybin's potential in Mental Health and Psychiatry, enhancing cognitive flexibility. These effects were exclusive to the 25mg dose, underscoring psilocybin's specific impact on psychology.
Abstract
ABSTRACT Psychedelics have robust effects on acute brain function and long-term behavior but whether they also cause enduring functional and anatom...
Latin American adults who regularly use macrodoses of psychedelics: a cross-sectional study.
Scientific reports – October 13, 2024
Summary
Regular psychedelic users in Latin America report significant improvements in well-being, with psilocybin mushrooms being the most common choice. A survey of 4,270 adults revealed that macrodoses are primarily used for psychological and spiritual growth. Users across diverse backgrounds integrate these substances into their lives through careful consumption practices, with most reporting positive outcomes for mental health and personal development.
Abstract
Psychedelics have a complex history marked by traditional use among indigenous cultures, early scientific interest, and subsequent prohibition. Des...
Snapshot of 5-HT 2A receptor activation in the mouse brain via IP 1 detection.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology – October 12, 2024
Summary
Scientists have discovered a new way to track how psychedelic drugs like LSD affect specific brain receptors. The research shows that psychedelic and non-psychedelic substances trigger different responses in the brain's serotonin system. By measuring a specific brain chemical called IP1, researchers can now distinguish between true psychedelics and similar compounds, offering insights into how these substances create their unique effects.
Abstract
The distinct subjective effects that define psychedelics such as LSD, psilocybin or DOI as drug class are causally linked to activation of the sero...
Striking long-term beneficial effects of single dose psilocybin and psychedelic mushroom extract in the SAPAP3 rodent model of OCD-like excessive self-grooming
Molecular Psychiatry – October 11, 2024
Summary
A single dose of the hallucinogen psilocybin dramatically reduced symptoms resembling Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders. In a trial with 50 mice, a placebo-like vehicle increased self-grooming by 118.71% over 21 days. Psilocybin decreased it by 14.60%, and a psychedelic mushroom extract by 19.20%. Concomitant anxiety and other behaviors also improved. This impactful finding in Psychology highlights psilocybin's potential in Medicine, offering new avenues for Psychedelics and Drug Studies, including those addressing Body Image and Dysmorphia.
Abstract
Abstract Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a highly prevalent disorder that causes serious disability. Available treatments leave 40% or more ...
The Neurocircuitry of Substance Use Disorder, Treatment, and Change: A Resource for Clinical Psychiatrists
American Journal of Psychiatry – October 09, 2024
Summary
Substance use disorder (SUD) often goes untreated in Psychiatry, despite its significant impact. A Neuroscience-driven approach highlights diverse treatments for addiction. Pharmacotherapy targets craving and withdrawal, interrupting substance use cycles. Psychology and Medicine also explore stress-response medications influencing neurotransmitter receptors. Promising new avenues leveraging neuroplasticity include transcranial magnetic stimulation, Ketamine, and Psilocybin. These Psychedelics and Drug Studies offer innovative strategies for substance abuse, informing comprehensive care.
Abstract
Substance use disorder (SUD) is common in psychiatric patients and has a negative impact on health and well-being. However, SUD often goes untreate...
Structural basis of psychedelic LSD recognition at dopamine D1 receptor.
Neuron – October 09, 2024
Summary
Scientists have revealed how LSD interacts with dopamine receptors in the brain, offering new insights into its effects. Using advanced imaging, researchers mapped how LSD binds to dopamine D1 receptors, key proteins that influence mood and behavior. The findings show LSD has a unique binding pattern and detaches quickly from these receptors, with speed influenced by nearby proteins. This explains part of LSD's complex effects on brain chemistry.
Abstract
Understanding the kinetics of LSD in receptors and subsequent induced signaling is crucial for comprehending both the psychoactive and therapeutic ...
Association between pre-procedural anxiety and vomiting in children who undergo procedural sedation and analgesia in the emergency department.
BMC emergency medicine – October 09, 2024
Summary
Anxiety levels before medical procedures don't increase vomiting risk in children receiving sedation, according to new findings. When kids need painful procedures in emergency departments, doctors often use ketamine for safe sedation. While about 1 in 4 children experienced vomiting during or after treatment, their pre-procedure anxiety levels weren't linked to this side effect.
Abstract
Children presenting to the emergency department (ED) often require procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) prior to procedures. Although ketamine i...
Memory, trauma, and self: Remembering and recovering from sexual abuse in psychedelic-assisted therapy
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – October 09, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin offers compelling potential for treating Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder from sexual abuse, a condition often resistant to conventional psychotherapy techniques. Findings from *Natural Compound Pharmacology Studies* on two individuals in a weeklong psychedelic retreat revealed profound healing. The *psychology* benefits extended beyond typical drug effects; psilocybin facilitated retrieving repressed traumatic memories, enabling conscious awareness and reconciliation. This *clinical psychology* work suggests that re-narrating one's identity is crucial. A *psychotherapist* could consider these *psychedelics and drug studies* for future trauma applications.
Abstract
Abstract Background and Aims This article examines the therapeutic potential of psilocybin in addressing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder as the resu...
Efficacy of racemic ketamine or esketamine monotherapy for reducing suicidal ideation in uni- or bipolar depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience – October 09, 2024
Summary
Breakthrough findings show ketamine offers rapid relief from suicidal thoughts in people with major depressive and bipolar disorders. This comprehensive analysis of 13 clinical trials found that ketamine treatment doubled the chances of overcoming suicidal ideation compared to placebo treatments. While standard esketamine showed mixed results, traditional ketamine emerged as a promising fast-acting option for severe depression.
Abstract
The current systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effect of racemic ketamine or esketamine on suicidal ideation in individuals with uni-...
Presence of cholestasis and its impact on survival in SARS-CoV-2 associated acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Scientific reports – October 08, 2024
Summary
Liver complications affect over half of critically ill COVID-19 patients in intensive care. A groundbreaking analysis reveals that cholestasis, a type of liver injury marked by bile flow problems, strongly impacts survival rates. Patients receiving ketamine or advanced breathing support in the ICU were more likely to develop this condition. The findings show that monitoring liver function is crucial for improving outcomes in severe COVID-19 cases.
Abstract
Data on cholestasis and biliary injury in patients with COVID-19 are scarce. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of choles...
Results of esketamine administration in a Greek population; A case series.
Psychiatrike = Psychiatriki – October 08, 2024
Summary
A breakthrough fast-acting antidepressant is showing promise for those who haven't responded to traditional treatments. In a Greek healthcare setting, esketamine nasal spray combined with oral medication helped five patients with treatment-resistant depression achieve significant mood improvements. This therapeutic intervention produced lasting positive effects, with benefits maintained even 12 months after treatment completion.
Abstract
Esketamine is a non-selective, competitive antagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor in the brain. Through NMDA receptor antagonism, e...
Exploring Predictors of Lucid Dreaming Skills: Insights from a community-based Study
PsyArXiv – October 08, 2024
Summary
Could you learn to consciously control your dreams? Research exploring lucid dreaming ability surveyed a community of dreamers. It examined how cognitive skills and practices influence conscious dream frequency. Findings reveal that excellent dream recall and strong prospective memory significantly boost lucid experiences. Consistent reality testing also proved highly effective. This suggests cultivating these mental strengths and regular practice genuinely unlocks potential for conscious awareness within dreams.
Abstract
Exploring Predictors of Lucid Dreaming Skills: Insights from a community-based Study
Neuroprotective effects of psilocybin in a rat model of stroke.
BMC neuroscience – October 08, 2024
Summary
The psychedelic compound psilocybin shows remarkable promise in protecting brain cells during stroke events. When administered to rats before or shortly after stroke simulation, this naturally-occurring substance reduced brain damage and improved movement recovery. The protective effects work through BDNF, a key protein that helps brain cells survive and adapt. Results showed less brain tissue damage and better physical function in treated rats.
Abstract
Psilocybin is a psychedelic 5HT2A receptor agonist found in "magic mushrooms". Recent studies have indicated that 5HT2A agonists, such as dimethylt...
Continuous flow synthesis of N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) analogues with therapeutic potential.
RSC medicinal chemistry – October 07, 2024
Summary
Scientists have developed a more efficient way to produce DMT and similar compounds that show promise for treating mental health conditions. Using an innovative "continuous flow" technique, researchers created these compounds more safely and sustainably than traditional methods. The process also successfully produced rizatriptan, an existing migraine medication, demonstrating its practical value for pharmaceutical manufacturing.
Abstract
Herein, we describe the continuous flow synthesis and in-line extraction of N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and several of its analogues using a Fisch...
Qualitative Research on Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Mental Health Disorders: A Scoping Review Protocol
OpenAlex – October 07, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin shows significant promise in mental health, driving a surge in psychedelics and drug studies. To understand this impact, a new protocol outlines a scoping review of existing qualitative research on psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy. This crucial medicine explores novel treatment protocol applications in psychiatry. Two independent reviewers will screen studies, analyzing trends in psychology research questions and methods. This effort will illuminate how chemical synthesis and alkaloids influence patient experiences, guiding future therapeutic development in this burgeoning field.
Abstract
IntroductionThere has been a surge in research into psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy over the past decade, with many studies indicating this may b...
Complex slow waves radically reorganise human brain dynamics under 5-MeO-DMT
OpenAlex – October 07, 2024
Summary
Inhaling 12mg of synthetic 5-MeO-DMT dramatically alters brain dynamics, as evidenced by a study involving 29 healthy individuals. Participants exhibited significant changes in low-frequency neural oscillations, becoming incoherent and heterogeneous. Notably, typical forward and backward traveling patterns across the cortex ceased. Additionally, broadband activity transformed to show slower, more stable behaviors with increased resistance to rapid shifts. These findings provide a groundbreaking understanding of how 5-MeO-DMT reshapes human brain activity, offering fresh insights into the effects of psychedelics on neural processes.
Abstract
Abstract 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a psychedelic drug known for its uniquely profound effects on subjective experience, relia...
Meta-correlation of the effect of ketamine and psilocybin induced subjective effects on therapeutic outcome.
Npj mental health research – October 06, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic experiences during ketamine and psilocybin therapy may influence healing, but their importance varies. Analysis of 654 patients across multiple studies revealed that subjective effects during treatment explained about 5-10% of ketamine's therapeutic benefits and 24% of psilocybin's benefits. The healing impact was stronger for addiction treatment than depression, with psilocybin showing more connection between experience and outcome.
Abstract
There is some evidence that the subjective effects of ketamine and other psychedelics like psilocybin are crucial for their therapeutic outcomes, s...
Effect of intraoperative injection of esketamine on postoperative analgesia and postoperative rehabilitation after cesarean section.
World journal of clinical cases – October 06, 2024
Summary
A single dose of esketamine during cesarean section significantly reduces postoperative pain and lowers the risk of postpartum depression. New research shows that mothers who received this treatment experienced better pain control, faster recovery, and improved emotional well-being. The lower dose (0.15mg/kg) proved most effective, balancing pain relief with minimal side effects.
Abstract
Following cesarean section, a significant number of women encounter moderate to severe pain. Inadequate management of acute pain post-cesarean sect...
History, Hype, and Responsible Psychedelic Medicine: A Qualitative Study of Psychedelic Researchers.
J Bioeth Inq – October 04, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic medicine researchers are actively navigating a delicate balance between historical lessons and current excitement. A qualitative deep dive into their views reveals a strong commitment to responsible development. They acknowledge the immense potential of these therapies for patient well-being, while also addressing the challenges of public 'hype' and ensuring rigorous ethical standards. This work highlights the dedicated efforts to integrate these powerful tools safely and effectively into healthcare.
Abstract
History, Hype, and Responsible Psychedelic Medicine: A Qualitative Study of Psychedelic Researchers.
Rapid and Prolonged Antidepressant and Antianxiety Effects of Psychedelics and 3,4-Methylenedioxy-methamphetamine—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Psychoactives – October 04, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin rapidly and sustainably reduced depressive and anxiety symptoms, a compelling finding from a meta-analysis of psychedelic drug studies. These compounds, alongside methylenedioxy methamphetamine (MDMA), show promise in Psychology and Medicine as novel antidepressants. MDMA decreased depressive symptoms, though its effect on generalized anxiety was negligible. While potential therapeutic benefits exist, adverse effects like elevated blood pressure and panic attacks highlight the need for rigorous Pharmacology. Further insights from chemical synthesis, alkaloids, forensic toxicology, and drug analysis are vital for safe application.
Abstract
Background: There is ongoing research into the potential use of psychedelics and 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA) as alternatives to commo...
Exploring the biocatalysis of psilocybin and other tryptamines: Enzymatic pathways, synthetic strategies, and industrial implications
Biotechnology Progress – October 04, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics and Drug Studies reveal psilocybin, a potent tryptamine, holds immense promise for treating depression and anxiety. Yet, current extraction methods are labor-intensive and economically limiting. A sustainable solution lies in biocatalysis, leveraging enzymes for efficient chemical synthesis and alkaloids production. This innovative chemistry aims to unlock high-purity psilocybin and other tryptamines. Advanced biochemical analysis and sensing techniques are crucial for elucidating biosynthesis pathways, facilitating industrial applications, and ensuring broader access to these vital compounds.
Abstract
Abstract Tryptamines play diverse roles as neurotransmitters and psychoactive compounds found in various organisms. Psilocybin, a notable tryptamin...
Psychedelics and Consciousness: Expanding the Horizons of Mind and Therapy.
Research (Wash D C) – October 04, 2024
Summary
Controlled doses of psychedelic compounds can create lasting positive changes in mental health by altering neural connectivity and expanding consciousness. Research with psilocybin and LSD shows these substances temporarily disrupt default brain networks, allowing new therapeutic perspectives and enhanced emotional processing. Results indicate reduced depression and anxiety, with benefits lasting months after treatment.
Abstract
Psychedelics and Consciousness: Expanding the Horizons of Mind and Therapy.
Psilocybin reduces functional correlation and the encoding of spatial information by neurons in mouse retrosplenial cortex
European Journal of Neuroscience – October 04, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a classic hallucinogen, profoundly disrupts spatial perception by altering activity in the retrosplenial cortex. Neuroscience reveals this psychedelic reduces the ability of neurons in this key cortex anatomy to specifically signal location and decreases the stability of their activity. This finding, crucial for Psychology and Psychedelics and Drug Studies, suggests a mechanism for disorientation. Biochemical analysis showed these effects are mediated by neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, specifically the serotonin 2A receptor. This increased neural "entropy" offers insight into how psilocybin impacts our sense of place.
Abstract
Abstract Psychedelic drugs have profound effects on perception, cognition and mood. How psychedelics affect neural signaling to produce these effec...
Mechanisms of psilocybin on the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder
Journal of Psychopharmacology – October 03, 2024
Summary
For millions battling Posttraumatic stress, conventional treatments like pharmacotherapy or psychotherapist-led exposure therapy often prove inadequate. This debilitating condition, marked by altered mood, cognition, and heightened arousal, leaves many without relief. However, insights from clinical psychology and psychiatry are exploring psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, as a novel approach. This psychedelic compound's mechanism of action, examined against Posttraumatic stress neurobiology, suggests it could offer a crucial new avenue in drug studies, potentially alleviating anxiety and improving patient outcomes where current options fail.
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a condition that can develop after a traumatic event, causing distressing symptoms, including intrusive re-...
Healing with Ayahuasca the Plant Teacher: Psychedelic Metaphoricity and Polyontologies.
Medical anthropology – October 02, 2024
Summary
In the Amazon rainforest, Shipibo healers and Western visitors share profound experiences through ayahuasca ceremonies, where the psychedelic brew is viewed as both metaphor and living teacher. Their narratives reveal how shamanic wisdom bridges different worldviews, as physical healing experiences and vivid visions create meaningful transformations, regardless of whether participants view the plant's spirit literally or symbolically.
Abstract
Shamans, neo-shamans, atheists, and others describe gaining special knowledge from drinking ayahuasca, supporting the cross-cultural idea of ayahua...
Chemistry/structural biology of psychedelic drugs and their receptor(s).
British journal of pharmacology – October 02, 2024
Summary
Recent breakthroughs in understanding how psychedelic compounds like LSD and psilocybin interact with brain receptors are revolutionizing therapeutic approaches. Scientists mapped how these molecules, including tryptamines and phenethylamines, bind to the brain's 5-HT2A receptor using advanced crystal structures. This detailed view explains why different psychedelics produce varying effects and helps guide development of new therapeutic compounds.
Abstract
This brief review highlights some of the structure-activity relationships of classic serotonergic psychedelics. In particular, we discuss structura...