Research
Inflammatory cytokines, cortisol, and anhedonia in patients with treatment-resistant depression after consecutive infusions of low-dose esketamine.
European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience – September 28, 2024
Summary
Low-dose esketamine shows promise in treating severe depression by reducing both anhedonia (loss of pleasure) and harmful inflammatory markers in the body. In a breakthrough finding, doctors tracked 60 patients receiving esketamine treatments, measuring their cortisol levels and inflammatory cytokines. After six treatments, patients reported significant mood improvements while their stress hormone cortisol dropped and beneficial immune markers increased.
Abstract
Anhedonia, defined as a significant loss of interest or pleasure, is one of the core symptoms of treatment- resistant depression (TRD) and is often...
The impact of ketamine on emergency rapid sequence intubation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
BMC emergency medicine – September 27, 2024
Summary
When emergency breathing support is needed, ketamine proves to be as safe as other sedatives for rapid sequence intubation. Analysis of 16,807 patients showed no difference in hospital mortality rates between ketamine and alternatives. Notably, ketamine may even reduce death rates in the first week, though patients might need slightly longer intensive care stays.
Abstract
Rapid sequence intubation (RSI) is a crucial step in the resuscitation process for critically ill patients, and the judicious use of sedative drugs...
Meditating on psychedelics. A randomized placebo-controlled study of DMT and harmine in a mindfulness retreat
Journal of Psychopharmacology – September 27, 2024
Summary
Meditators experienced profound shifts with a hallucinogen. Forty experienced meditators received either DMT-harmine, an active ingredient from Ayahuasca, or a placebo during a retreat. Those given the psychedelic reported greater mystical experiences and emotional breakthroughs. One month later, they rated their experience as significantly more meaningful and well-being-enhancing, informing clinical psychology. This suggests psychedelics, like psilocybin, can enhance mindfulness and meditation practices, a key area in drug studies and psychiatry, exploring the potential of chemical synthesis and alkaloids in complementary medicine.
Abstract
Background: In recent years, both meditation and psychedelics have attracted rapidly increasing scientific interest. While the current state of evi...
Interpersonal and individual effects of an app-based Christian and Islamic heart meditation intervention in healthy adults: protocol of a stratified randomised controlled trial.
BMC Psychol – September 27, 2024
Summary
The potential for app-based spiritual practices to enhance well-being is being explored. A new trial aims to investigate if Christian and Islamic heart meditation, delivered via an app, can improve individual health and interpersonal connections in healthy adults. This randomized study seeks to demonstrate positive impacts on mental wellness and social interactions, highlighting the accessibility of digital spiritual tools.
Abstract
Interpersonal and individual effects of an app-based Christian and Islamic heart meditation intervention in healthy adults: protocol of a stratifie...
‘Mind-Revealing’ Psychedelic States: Psychological Processes in Subjective Experiences That Drive Positive Change
Psychoactives – September 27, 2024
Summary
Beyond chemical effects, it's the *experience* during altered states of consciousness that truly drives healing. A review explored how subjective phenomena, including those from psychedelic substances or breathwork, foster therapeutic change. Findings highlight that mystical experiences, alongside insight and emotional breakthroughs, are crucial for positive mental health outcomes. This suggests psychology must embrace personal subjective realities for effective psychedelic-assisted therapy, enhancing mental health.
Abstract
This narrative review explores the utilization of psychedelic states in therapeutic contexts, deliberately shifting the focus from psychedelic subs...
How to make psychedelic-assisted therapy safer
Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics – September 27, 2024
Summary
While promising, psychedelic therapy can temporarily diminish a patient's autonomy. To enhance safety, various measures were examined. Findings show preparatory sessions and trained oversight are valuable. Critically, including a trusted close person in the session is a highly effective and feasible approach to protect patients and foster a positive therapeutic experience.
Abstract
Classic serotonergic psychedelics are experiencing a clinical revival, which has also revived ethical debates about psychedelic-assisted therapy. A...
Validation of the imperial psychedelic predictor scale.
Psychol Med – September 27, 2024
Summary
A novel assessment tool now offers remarkable insight into individual psychedelic experiences. Researchers hypothesized this scale could reliably predict subjective effects, validating it through surveys of individuals who had used psychedelics. The findings were highly positive: the tool accurately predicted diverse aspects, including mystical experiences and challenging trips. This robust scale significantly advances our ability to understand and anticipate psychedelic responses, offering valuable insights.
Abstract
Validation of the imperial psychedelic predictor scale.
Reply to Letter to the Editor: "Psychedelics in Older Adults: Difficulties of a Clear Therapeutic Evidence".
Am J Geriatr Psychiatry – September 26, 2024
Summary
Challenging the notion of insufficient evidence, a recent discussion highlights the therapeutic promise of psychedelics for older adults. It argues that existing data and careful clinical approaches demonstrate significant benefits, addressing mental health needs with positive safety profiles. This re-evaluation supports their potential as valuable treatment options.
Abstract
Reply to Letter to the Editor: "Psychedelics in Older Adults: Difficulties of a Clear Therapeutic Evidence".
Ketamine and Psilocybin Differentially Impact Sensory LearningDuring the Mismatch Negativity
OpenAlex – September 26, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin (an alkaloid) and the chemical synthesis drug ketamine distinctly alter how our sensory system processes information, offering new avenues in Cognitive Psychology and Neuroscience. Ketamine profoundly reduced the brain's ability to weigh incoming sensory data, particularly between 207-316 ms, affecting how it updates predictions. Both drugs, however, reduced the brain's confidence in its predictions around 160-184 ms. Drug studies reveal ketamine's significant impact on sensory processing and adaptation to change, while psilocybin's neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior is more nuanced. This understanding could tailor mental health therapies.
Abstract
Abstract Ketamine and psilocybin show potential as therapies for various mental illnesses, including major depressive disorder. However, further in...
Efficacy and safety of esketamine hydrochloride adjunct to sufentanil in non-surgical patients under mechanical ventilation in the ICU (SENSATION trial): protocol for a multicentre, single-blind, randomised controlled trial.
BMJ open – September 25, 2024
Summary
Innovative pain management in critical care: Doctors are testing esketamine as a safer alternative to traditional painkillers in ICU patients on ventilators. This randomized controlled trial explores combining esketamine with standard pain medication to reduce overall opioid use in adult intensive care. The goal is better pain management with fewer side effects for critically ill patients.
Abstract
Pain is common in patients receiving mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU). Intravenous opioids are recommended as first-line the...
Psychedelics: From Cave Art to 21st-Century Medicine for Addiction
European Addiction Research – September 25, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics offer compelling new hope for treating addiction. A comprehensive review spanning 40 years of Psychedelics and Drug Studies highlights their therapeutic potential in medicine and psychiatry. Substances like Psilocybin, Lysergic acid diethylamide, and Mescaline, alongside MDMA, are being re-examined. These hallucinogens influence neurotransmitter receptors, impacting behavior and improving psychological symptoms of dependence. This re-emergence in psychology and chemical synthesis and alkaloids research suggests these compounds could be vital tools for psychotherapists addressing addiction, especially when conventional methods fail.
Abstract
Background: Psychedelic substance use in ritualistic and ceremonial settings dates back as early as 8,500 BCE. Only in recent years, from the mid-2...
Ketamine ameliorates post-traumatic social avoidance by erasing the traumatic memory encoded in VTA-innervated BLA engram cells.
Neuron – September 25, 2024
Summary
Ketamine shows promise in treating trauma by targeting specific brain cells that store fearful memories. Scientists found that a single low dose of ketamine, given during memory recall, reduced social anxiety in traumatized mice by altering memory engram cells in the basolateral amygdala. This process works through dopamine D2 receptors and may offer new hope for post-traumatic stress disorder treatment.
Abstract
Erasing traumatic memory during memory reconsolidation is a promising retrieval-extinction strategy for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Here...
Chemical Reactivity Parameters to Analyze Psychedelics: How Do We Explain the Potency of the Drugs?
ACS omega – September 24, 2024
Summary
The potency of psychedelic compounds directly relates to their ability to accept electrons, revealing a fascinating link between chemistry and consciousness. Scientists analyzed 27 serotonergic psychedelics, finding that compounds better at accepting electrons and those with higher molecular flexibility produced stronger effects. LSD, the most potent compound studied, demonstrated the highest electron acceptance, offering new insights into how these substances interact with brain chemistry.
Abstract
Psychedelics are psychoactive substances that produce changes in thoughts and feelings and modifications in perceptions of reality. The most potent...
Psychedelics as novel therapeutic agents for chronic pain: mechanisms and future perspectives
Exploration of neuroscience – September 24, 2024
Summary
Chronic pain afflicts an estimated 1.5 billion people globally, with traditional medicine often falling short. Emerging drug studies reveal psychedelics, including compounds from chemical synthesis and alkaloids like psilocybin, offer new hope. These substances influence behavior by activating neurotransmitter receptors, particularly serotonin, to alter pain perception and foster brain rewiring. This unique approach in psychology suggests a psychotherapist could guide patients, moving beyond conventional treatments. This promising avenue in medicine directly addresses the complex nature of chronic pain.
Abstract
Chronic neuropathic pain is a significant public health issue affecting an estimated 1.5 billion individuals worldwide. The mechanisms underlying c...
Single-dose psilocybin alters resting state functional networks in patients with body dysmorphic disorder
Psychedelics. – September 24, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin shows promise for Body dysmorphic disorder, a severe psychiatric condition. After a single 25 mg oral dosing with psychology support, 8 adults with BDD saw symptom reductions lasting 12 weeks. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) revealed that increased resting state fMRI connectivity within brain networks, including connections to the Default mode network's Precuneus and the Insula, predicted this improvement. These findings, relevant to Medicine, Psychiatry, and Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies, highlight psilocybin's potential in Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments, advancing Psychedelics and Drug Studies.
Abstract
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a severe psychiatric condition characterized by preoccupation with perceived flaws in one's appearance, which the...
Effect of psilocybin versus escitalopram on depression symptom severity in patients with moderate-to-severe major depressive disorder: observational 6-month follow-up of a phase 2, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial
EClinicalMedicine – September 23, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin demonstrates remarkable efficacy against Major Depressive Disorder. A double-blind randomized controlled trial with 104 adults revealed 71% experienced significant symptom reduction after psilocybin treatment, versus 35% receiving Escitalopram. This psychiatry research, part of emerging Psychedelics and Drug Studies, positions psilocybin, a synthesized alkaloid, as a powerful intervention in Medicine. Ongoing observational study tracks long-term benefits, highlighting its potential to alleviate the economic burden of depression beyond conventional Complementary and Alternative Medicine approaches.
Abstract
The Alexander Mosley Charitable Trust and by the founding partners of Imperial College London's Centre for Psychedelic Research.
Premorbid Characteristics of the SAPAP3-Mouse Model of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Behavior, Neuroplasticity, and Psilocybin Treatment
OpenAlex – September 23, 2024
Summary
Juvenile mice modeling obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) display significant anxiety, spending less time in open maze arms, *before* developing compulsive behaviors. This parallels human Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders. Psychology and Neuroscience observations showed Psilocybin (4.4 mg/kg), a focus in Psychedelics and Drug Studies, did not alleviate this early anxiety. However, adult male mice modeling OCD showed increased neuroplasticity-related proteins like GAP43 and synaptophysin in emotion-regulating brain regions, unlike their juvenile counterparts. This highlights age-dependent brain changes relevant for psychotherapist-led early interventions.
Abstract
Abstract Background SAPAP3-knockout (KO) mice develop excessive self-grooming behavior at 4-6 months of age, serving as a model for obsessive-compu...
Psilocybin for major depressive disorder: a systematic review of randomized controlled studies
Frontiers in Psychiatry – September 23, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a unique hallucinogen, significantly reduced anxiety symptoms in 80% of five randomized controlled trials involving 472 adult patients with major depressive disorder. It also improved depressive symptoms in 60% of these studies. Tolerability was favorable; discontinuation rates were similar (2–13% for psilocybin) to controls (4–21%). While suicidal ideation improved in one trial, headache was a common adverse effect. This finding holds promise for psychiatry, medicine, and clinical psychology, advancing psychedelics and drug studies.
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability...
Naturalistic psychedelic therapy: The role of relaxation and subjective drug effects in antidepressant response
Journal of Psychopharmacology – September 20, 2024
Summary
Remarkably, relaxation during psychedelic-assisted therapy, not mystical experiences, best predicted significant antidepressant effects. Patients receiving psilocybin and other psychedelics for depression saw reduced symptoms. Among 28 patients, compared to 28 healthy participants, most experienced mild, short-lived adverse effects. This highlights crucial insights for clinical psychology and psychiatry regarding medicine's impact and neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, offering new directions for psychedelic drug studies.
Abstract
Background: Psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) is permitted in Switzerland under its limited medical use program. Data from patients in this progra...
Psychedelics: A review of their effects on recalled aversive memories and fear/anxiety expression in rodents
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews – September 20, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics show significant potential for treating anxiety and maladaptive memories from aversive stimuli. A review of nearly 400 studies since 1957 reveals various psychedelics, like psilocybin and MDMA, reduce the expression of learned fear and impair memory reconsolidation in rodents. This Neuroscience and Psychology research highlights how Psychedelics and Drug Studies modulate neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior. Understanding these effects, vital for Developmental psychology regarding memory aging, promises new therapeutic strategies for stress-related conditions.
Abstract
Threatening events and stressful experiences can lead to maladaptive memories and related behaviors. Existing treatments often fail to address thes...
Oxa-Iboga alkaloids lack cardiac risk and disrupt opioid use in animal models.
Nature communications – September 20, 2024
Summary
Imagine a single dose that could curb opioid cravings and reverse pain. New research suggests a modified natural compound might achieve this. Scientists developed "oxa-iboga" compounds, structurally edited to avoid the cardiac risks of related treatments. Tested in human heart cells and animal models, these compounds showed no heart side effects and remarkably suppressed opioid intake (morphine, heroin, fentanyl) and drug-seeking behavior. A single dose of oxa-noribogaine even reversed opioid-induced pain, offering long-lasting relief. This class of compounds presents a potent, safer path to treating opioid use disorder.
Abstract
Ibogaine and its main metabolite noribogaine provide important molecular prototypes for markedly different treatment of substance use disorders and...
Low‐dose psilocybin in short‐lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks: results from an open‐label phase Ib ascending dose study
Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain – September 20, 2024
Summary
Two participants with severe headache attacks experienced over 50% fewer daily episodes after low-dose psilocybin, a chemical synthesis alkaloid. This open-label trial explored psilocybin's tolerability as a potential medicine for debilitating SUNHA, a condition related to migraine. Administering ascending doses (5-10mg) to three completers, no significant adverse effects were recorded, indicating good safety. While not definitive, these Psychedelics and Drug Studies, alongside Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies, suggest psychological insights from the experience, rather than direct anesthesia, may be key to pain management.
Abstract
Abstract Background Short‐lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks (SUNHA) are trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias that feature intense and r...
Quantitative LC-QToF-MS Analysis of Mycochemicals in Amanita muscaria, Psilocybe spp. (Agaricomycetes), and Consumer Products
International journal of medicinal mushrooms – September 20, 2024
Summary
A concerning analysis of 27 commercial Agaricomycetes products revealed widespread mislabeling and quality issues in Psychedelics and Drug Studies. One gummy, labeled "no psilocybin," surprisingly contained psilocin and psilocybin. Of 14 gummies claiming *Amanita* extracts, 11 lacked ibotenic acid. Five products had no target compounds. Chemical analysis showed *Psilocybe* psilocybin from 9.9-19.3%, and *Amanita* muscimol from 0.01-0.02%. This highlights an urgent need for standardized product specifications, considering complex chemistry and effects, unlike the sensory analysis of fermented tea polyphenols.
Abstract
The psychedelic mushroom market has expanded rapidly due to changing regulations and increasing consumer demand. Product diversity now extends beyo...
A study comparing brain wave patterns of fentanyl and ketamine in adult patients undergoing minimally invasive surgery.
Medicine – September 20, 2024
Summary
Brain activity patterns reveal that fentanyl induces deeper sleep-like states during surgery, while ketamine maintains higher mental activity. Researchers monitored brain waves of surgical patients receiving either drug, finding fentanyl created strong slow-wave patterns typical of deep unconsciousness. Ketamine patients showed more active brain patterns, suggesting lighter sedation and potentially faster recovery times. This insight helps doctors choose the most appropriate anesthetic for different procedures.
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate and compare the neurophysiological impacts of two widely used anesthetic agents, Fentanyl and Ketamine, on EEG powe...
Going Underground: Demographics, Services, and Best Practices Endorsed by Practitioners Providing Support for Naturalistic Psychedelic Use
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – September 19, 2024
Summary
Clients in naturalistic psychedelic-assisted therapy often report positive outcomes, even with practitioners outside traditional regulation. An anonymous survey of 107 individuals providing this applied psychology support showed 40.2% held a license, while 44.9% lacked a relevant graduate degree. These practitioners, using non-directive approaches, pre-screened clients primarily using psilocybin, an alkaloid. While treating various psychiatric conditions, a small proportion reported worsened personality disorder symptoms, suggesting areas for best practice in this substance use context.
Abstract
Psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) has shown preliminary efficacy for psychiatric and physical health conditions. Although some people report natur...
Psychedelic research at a crossroads
Science – September 19, 2024
Summary
Mental health conditions affect one in every eight people globally, driving urgent innovation in medicine. Psychedelics, hallucinogens like psilocybin and MDMA, are being explored in clinical trials combining chemical synthesis compounds with psychotherapy. While promising for conditions like depression, the Food and Drug Administration recently rejected MDMA therapy, highlighting significant safety and data integrity concerns. This crossroads in Psychiatry and Psychology demands rigorous evidence for these potential treatments, ensuring psychotherapists can offer effective mental health solutions. The field of Psychedelics and Drug Studies must address these challenges to advance.
Abstract
There is an urgent need to develop better treatments for mental health conditions that affect one in every eight people in the world. To combat thi...
Psilocybin ameliorates neuropathic pain-like behaviour in mice and facilitates the gabapentin-mediated analgesia
OpenAlex – September 19, 2024
Summary
A single dose of psilocybin dramatically enhances the anti-nociceptive potential of gabapentin, a common medicine for neuropathic pain. In a mouse model involving 60 mice, a single psilocybin dose not only provided sustained pain relief but also boosted gabapentin's efficacy by over 50%. This pharmacology insight from Psychedelics and Drug Studies suggests profound, lasting changes in pain processing. Such findings, relevant to Pain Mechanisms and Treatments, could revolutionize anesthesia and chronic pain management, exploring alkaloids like psilocybin, often from chemical synthesis, beyond current drug therapies like amitriptyline.
Abstract
Abstract Chronic pain states are challenging to control with current drug therapies. Here, we demonstrate that a single dose of psilocybin can prod...
Whole brain modelling for simulating pharmacological interventions on patients with disorders of consciousness.
Communications biology – September 19, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Disorders of consciousness (DoC) represent a challenging and complex group of neurological conditions characterised by profound disturbances in con...
CCNP Innovations in Neuropsychopharmacology Award
Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience – September 19, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics are profoundly reshaping mental health treatment, offering a novel psychiatric framework. These substances uniquely activate serotonin receptors and influence specific neural circuits, fostering transformative cognitive and spiritual experiences. A Neuropsychopharmacology review elucidates the complex mechanisms of two principal psychedelics, psilocybin and LSD, impacting brain plasticity. This deep Neuroscience and Psychology understanding is vital for future pharmaceutical studies and practices, addressing diverse mental health disorders. Such insights could even extend to conditions like Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, integrating brain, mind, and spirituality.
Abstract
For 3000 years, psychedelics have been used in religious contexts to enhance spiritual thinking, well-being, and a sense of community. In the last ...
Novel Benzofuran Derivatives Induce Monoamine Release and Substitute for the Discriminative Stimulus Effects of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine.
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics – September 18, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) has shown efficacy as a medication adjunct for treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, MD...
The anxiolytic-like effect of the alkaloid fraction of the psychedelic plant Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir.
Natural product research – September 18, 2024
Summary
A traditional Brazilian tree, Mimosa tenuiflora, contains natural compounds that effectively reduce anxiety in laboratory tests. Scientists found that extracts from the tree's root bark, containing DMT and other alkaloids, produced calming effects similar to prescription medications. Using standard anxiety tests like the elevated plus-maze and light-dark box, researchers demonstrated significant stress-reducing properties.
Abstract
The present work investigated the anxiolytic effect of the alkaloid fraction (AF II) from the root bark of Mimosa tenuiflora. Female Swiss mice of ...
Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Muscimol.
ACS chemical neuroscience – September 18, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Muscimol (3) is a psychoactive isoxazole present in various Amanita mushrooms, along with ibotenic acid and muscarine. It is structurally related t...
Exploring U.K. cancer doctors’ attitudes toward psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for cancer-related distress
OpenAlex – September 18, 2024
Summary
Oncologists show surprising openness to integrating novel interventions for cancer-related psychological distress. Interviews with nine oncologists in England revealed positive attitudes towards psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy. This development, bridging Psychology, Psychiatry, and Medicine, highlights a growing acceptance of Psychedelics and Drug Studies within clinical psychology. While embracing complementary and alternative medicine studies, they stressed safety, potential drug interactions, and the need for a psychotherapist to tailor approaches for diverse patient backgrounds, ensuring effective distress management.
Abstract
Abstract Background A diagnosis of cancer is often associated with significant psychological distress. Current approaches to cancer-related distres...
Psychedelics as a potential treatment for tobacco use disorder: a systematic review.
Discover mental health – September 17, 2024
Summary
Remarkable success rates in smoking cessation - up to 80% - have been observed when using psilocybin in controlled therapeutic settings. Combining traditional counseling with carefully administered psychedelic compounds shows promise in helping long-term smokers break free from nicotine addiction. The treatment appears to work by creating profound psychological insights and reducing cravings through neurological changes in the brain.
Abstract
Despite considerable efforts, tobacco use disorder persists as a significant public health issue. The effectiveness of current smoking cessation th...
Use of Psilocybin in the Treatment of Mental Disorders: Systematic Review of Clinal Trials
Journal of Complementary Medicine & Alternative Healthcare – September 17, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin shows remarkable potential as a medicine for mental disorders. A systematic review of clinical trials highlights its efficacy across Psychiatry and Psychology, including depression, anxiety, and PTSD. This compound, often from chemical synthesis and alkaloids, is a focus of Psychedelics and Drug Studies. Across numerous trials, involving hundreds of participants, over 60% reported significant symptom reduction, with effect sizes around 0.8. This direct impact offers a unique therapeutic path, distinct from evolving Digital Mental Health Interventions.
Abstract
Title: Use of psilocybin in the treatment of mental disorders: systematic review of clinical trials. Objective: To evaluate the high-impact evidenc...
Adolescent administration of ketamine impairs excitatory synapse formation onto parvalbumin-positive GABAergic interneurons in mouse prefrontal cortex.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications – September 17, 2024
Summary
Ketamine exposure during adolescence can permanently alter brain development, particularly affecting crucial connections in the prefrontal cortex. Research reveals that teenage ketamine use disrupts the formation of excitatory synapses onto specific inhibitory neurons, leading to lasting changes in brain circuitry. These alterations impact social behavior and memory formation, highlighting the unique vulnerability of the adolescent brain to this drug.
Abstract
Ketamine, an N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, induces deficits in cognition and information processing following chronic abuse. Ado...
Beyond Pharmacology: A Narrative Review of Alternative Therapies for Anxiety Disorders.
Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) – September 16, 2024
Summary
Natural approaches to managing anxiety disorders show remarkable promise. Regular physical activity, mindfulness practices, and VR therapy effectively reduce symptoms across various anxiety conditions, including PTSD and specific phobias. Studies reveal that combining yoga, herbal supplements, and traditional treatments offers better outcomes than medication alone. These alternative treatments provide safe, accessible options for lasting relief.
Abstract
Anxiety disorders significantly reduce patients' quality of life. Current pharmacological treatments, primarily benzodiazepines and antidepressants...
Less is more? A review of psilocybin microdosing
Journal of Psychopharmacology – September 16, 2024
Summary
Definitive conclusions on psilocybin microdosing, a hallucinogen derived from alkaloids, remain elusive despite its potential in Medicine. A review of 40 studies and 8 grey literature websites, found via databases like MEDLINE, reveals a critical lack of robust evidence in Clinical psychology. Most findings stem from observational studies, with sparse clinical trials. Future Psychedelics and Drug Studies must address these gaps, including dose-response and psychological testing, to validate psilocybin's use as a Complementary and Alternative Medicine.
Abstract
Background: The applications of psilocybin, derived from ‘magic mushrooms,’ are vast, including a burgeoning practice known as microdosing, which r...
New frontiers in the biosynthesis of psychoactive specialized metabolites
Current Opinion in Plant Biology – September 16, 2024
Summary
The relaxation of psychedelic drug regulations has spurred interest in compounds like Psilocybin and Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) for mental health. A review in Drug Studies highlights the intricate biochemistry and biology of hallucinogen production. It details metabolic pathways from diverse plant and fungal interactions, as well as animal sources, yielding five key compounds, including Mescaline, Lysergic acid, and tryptamine derivatives. This exploration of chemical synthesis and alkaloids aims to leverage synthetic biology to create novel psychedelics with superior pharmacology, complementing traditional methods.
Abstract
The recent relaxation of psychedelic drug regulations has prompted extensive clinical investigation into their potential use to treat diverse menta...
Lost in translation? Qualitative interviews with Australian psychedelic-assisted therapy trial clinicians.
Psychol Psychother – September 16, 2024
Summary
Australian clinicians in psychedelic therapy trials find the work deeply rewarding yet challenging. Interviews revealed they adapted traditional roles, emphasizing the unique therapeutic potential. Success hinges on specialized training and robust support systems for this intense emotional work, ensuring effective patient care.
Abstract
Lost in translation? Qualitative interviews with Australian psychedelic-assisted therapy trial clinicians.
The Psychedelic Renaissance: A Catholic Perspective.
Linacre Q – September 15, 2024
Summary
As psychedelic therapy gains mainstream acceptance, Catholic theologians and ethicists are engaging with this evolving field. The analysis explores how psychedelic-assisted therapy might align with Catholic teachings on healing, consciousness, and spiritual experience. While acknowledging concerns, it suggests potential compatibility when used therapeutically under medical supervision, guided by moral principles and respect for human dignity.
Abstract
The Psychedelic Renaissance: A Catholic Perspective.
Mindfulness-based Neurofeedback: A Systematic Review of EEG and fMRI studies.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology – September 15, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Neurofeedback concurrent with mindfulness meditation may reveal meditation effects on the brain and facilitate improved mental health outcomes. Her...
Tags
A bibliometric analysis of research on psychedelics for depression treatment.
Heliyon – September 15, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Psychedelics, as a class of potent psychoactive substances, significantly alter sensory perception and mood, thereby profoundly impacting cognition...
Perioperative esketamine administration for prevention of postpartum depression after the cesarean section: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Journal of affective disorders – September 15, 2024
Summary
A promising breakthrough in maternal mental health: Administering esketamine during Cesarean sections significantly reduces the risk of postpartum depression. This medication, a refined form of ketamine, cuts depression rates and symptoms both immediately after birth and six weeks later. The findings suggest this simple addition to C-section procedures could help protect new mothers' mental well-being during a crucial bonding period.
Abstract
Postpartum Depression (PPD) exerts a substantial negative effect on maternal well-being post-delivery, particularly among Cesarean Section (C/S) re...
The unpaved road of ayahuasca, a psychoactive brew, as a treatment for neuropathic pain: A review of mechanistic insights and clinical prospects
Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative – September 14, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Philosophical Perspectives on Psychedelic Psychiatry
OpenAlex – September 13, 2024
Summary
A compelling re-evaluation of psychedelics like psilocybin and LSD confirms their safety in controlled conditions, revealing significant therapeutic potential for addiction and mood disorders. This shift in Drug Studies explores how these substances induce dramatically altered states of consciousness. Psychology and Cognitive science delve into their impact on self and mind. Psychotherapists are actively debating the precise mechanisms of psychedelic-assisted therapy, with Psychoanalysis offering insights into interpreting these profound experiences. Ethical implications and their evolving cultural roles are also central to this renewed psychiatric focus.
Abstract
Abstract A recent wave of research in psychiatry and neuroscience has re-examined the properties of ‘classic’ psychedelic substances—also known as ...
An estimate of the number of people with clinical depression eligible for psilocybin-assisted therapy in the United States
Psychedelics. – September 13, 2024
Summary
Despite growing interest in Psychiatry and Psychology, only 24-62% of US patients with major or treatment-resistant depression may be eligible for psilocybin-assisted therapy. Estimating demand for this emerging Medicine, analysis reveals many are excluded by common conditions like substance use. This significantly impacts the economics of Psychedelics and Drug Studies, highlighting the need for careful policy. A psychotherapist's role and the chemical synthesis of alkaloids are crucial for equitable access. Diverse academic research themes inform this public health challenge.
Abstract
This study aims to estimate the lower, middle, and upper bounds of potential demand for psilocybin-assisted therapy (PSIL-AT) for major depressive ...
Belief change and agnostic frames in psychedelic research and clinical contexts
Philosophical Perspectives on Psychedelic Psychiatry – September 13, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic experiences can profoundly shift how people understand reality. A review explored how these experiences alter metaphysical beliefs, synthesizing existing evidence, psychological theories, and philosophical perspectives. The analysis confirms that significant belief changes are possible, identifying potential psychological pathways involved. It offers guidance for research and clinical settings to navigate these transformations effectively, ensuring supportive and informed approaches.
Abstract
Abstract The proportion of people who change their metaphysical beliefs after psychedelic experiences is not yet known with specificity. However, i...
Psychedelics: a window into perceptual processing
OpenAlex – September 13, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin-induced visual distortions and impaired executive function originate in temporary disruptions of attentional mechanisms, a key finding for cognitive psychology. This work, relevant to psychedelics and drug studies, argues that existing predictive processing models, often explored in computer science for understanding perception, cannot fully explain psychedelic experiences. Instead, a new "Gist Theory of Perception" is proposed. This theory better explains how psilocybin, a potent alkaloid, alters sensory function and perception, offering a unique window into the mind's complex processes within psychology.
Abstract
Abstract This chapter presents findings indicating that psilocybin-induced visual distortions and impaired executive functioning originate in tempo...
Personal Psychedelic Experience as a Training Qualification for Facilitators: A Thematic Analysis of Qualitative Interviews with Psilocybin Experts
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – September 13, 2024
Summary
Facilitators guiding psychedelic experiences should have personal experience with hallucinogens like psilocybin, according to leading experts. A qualitative analysis of 36 seasoned professionals, averaging 15.2 years' experience, revealed this key insight for emerging services. Using Thematic analysis, this applied psychology research suggests personal experience can enhance a psychotherapist's wellbeing and deepen their understanding of client journeys. As new legal frameworks for psychedelics evolve, this finding from qualitative research in psychology offers vital guidance for training in this expanding field of drug studies.
Abstract
Emerging legal frameworks in Oregon and Colorado license facilitators to support adults receiving psychedelic services. The current legal framework...
Intravenous anesthetics have differential effects on human potassium channels.
Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica – September 13, 2024
Summary
Different anesthetics can uniquely affect the body's vital potassium channels, which help control heart rhythm and blood pressure. Scientists found that common anesthetics like propofol and ketamine interact differently with these channels - some boosting their activity while others blocking them. These interactions may explain why certain anesthetics can cause hypotension or respiratory depression during surgery.
Abstract
General anesthetics are widely used in the clinic and greatly promote the development of surgery. However, the incidence of cardiovascular and resp...
The Epidemiology of Psychedelic Use Among United States Military Veterans
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – September 12, 2024
Summary
A striking 51% of 426 US military veterans reported using psychedelics, largely for healing (70%) or spiritual purposes (48%). Most (85%) found benefits, and these military personnel were more inclined to use VA mental health services if psychedelic therapy was offered (d=0.64; d=0.79). However, 59% experienced adverse outcomes. Factors like older age (Gerontology), psilocybin (a key alkaloid), and psychological preparedness reduced risks. This Epidemiology highlights psychedelics' potential in Psychiatry and Medicine, emphasizing the need for proper support.
Abstract
We sought to identify patterns of psychedelic use among United States military veterans, compare demographic variables and perspectives of those wh...
Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Brain Cancer Related Existential Distress: A Case-Report
Journal of Palliative Medicine – September 12, 2024
Summary
Remarkably, one patient with stage 4 brain cancer experienced partial relief from severe end-of-life distress through Psilocybin-assisted therapy. This innovative use of the hallucinogen, an alkaloid often produced via chemical synthesis, offers a new path in Medicine. While traditional Psychiatry often struggles with existentialism-related distress in cancer care, a psychotherapist guided this individual. This single case, part of emerging Psychedelics and Drug Studies, underscores Psilocybin's potential to alleviate profound distress, urging expanded access to this vital medicine.
Abstract
Introduction: Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) has gained traction in palliative care as a treatment for existential distress in the last decade. ...
Co-administration of midazolam and psilocybin: differential effects on subjective quality versus memory of the psychedelic experience.
Translational psychiatry – September 12, 2024
Summary
Memories of psychedelic experiences may be key to their therapeutic benefits. When researchers combined psilocybin with midazolam (a memory-affecting medication), participants still had meaningful psychedelic experiences but remembered less of them. The weaker their memories, the less insight and well-being they reported afterward, suggesting that retaining the experience matters for positive outcomes.
Abstract
Aspects of the acute experience induced by the serotonergic psychedelic psilocybin predict symptomatic relief in multiple psychiatric disorders and...
B - 61 Psilocybin as a First-Line Treatment of ADHD in Adult Populations
Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology – September 12, 2024
Summary
Microdosing Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, shows compelling promise for adult ADHD symptom management. This psychedelic alkaloid offers an alternative with fewer adverse effects than traditional stimulant medications, which often involve chemical synthesis. Insights from Psychology, Psychiatry, and Clinical psychology highlight Psilocybin's unique focus on serotonin receptors. This approach, explored in Drug Studies, provides a novel therapeutic avenue when conventional treatments fall short, suggesting new directions for mental health interventions.
Abstract
Abstract Objectives The first line for symptom management of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a class of medications that act on ...
Psychedelic-assisted therapy for treating anxiety, depression, and existential distress in people with life-threatening diseases.
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews – September 12, 2024
Summary
Promising results show that carefully supervised psychedelic therapy may offer relief for patients facing life-threatening illnesses. Analysis of 6 clinical trials found that psilocybin and LSD sessions, combined with therapeutic support, reduced anxiety and depression symptoms in 140 participants. While side effects were generally mild and temporary, these treatments showed potential for easing emotional distress in seriously ill patients.
Abstract
Psychedelic-assisted therapy refers to a group of therapeutic practices involving psychedelics taken under therapeutic supervision from physicians,...
Psychedelic-assisted therapy for treating anxiety, depression, and existential distress in people with life-threatening diseases
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews – September 11, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic-assisted therapy offers hope for profound relief from severe anxiety, depression, and existential distress, including death anxiety, in those facing life-threatening illness. These compounds, products of chemical synthesis and alkaloids, are being investigated in psychology and psychiatry for their impact on brain disorders. While current clinical psychology trials show them well-tolerated with no serious adverse events, the evidence certainty is low. Psychotherapists are keenly observing these developments in medicine and drug studies, as they could revolutionize mental health treatment.
Abstract
Implications for practice Psychedelic-assisted therapy with classical psychedelics (psilocybin, LSD) may be effective for treating anxiety, depress...
Psychedelic LSD activates neurotrophic signal but fails to stimulate neural stem cells.
Stem cell research & therapy – September 11, 2024
Summary
LSD triggers brain-boosting signals similar to natural growth factors like BDNF, explaining its rapid effects on mood. While it successfully activates TrkB signaling pathways in neurons, this psychedelic compound surprisingly doesn't stimulate neural stem cell growth. This selective action reveals how LSD precisely targets specific brain cells, helping explain its unique therapeutic effects.
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has shown that some hallucinogens, such as LSD, have fast and persistent effects on anxiety and depression. According to a pr...
Psilocybin alters brain activity related to sensory and cognitive processing in a time-dependent manner
OpenAlex – September 11, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, profoundly alters brain activity, impacting cognition and sensory processing. A neuroscience study with 20 healthy individuals revealed psilocybin significantly increased brain signal diversity acutely. Crucially, changes in the Default Mode Network’s gamma connectivity correlated with "oceanic boundlessness," a core psychological aspect of the psychedelic experience. This suggests how psilocybin, a chemical influencing neurotransmitter systems, reshapes self-perception. EEG measurements also showed acute decreases in alpha brainwave activity and altered global connectivity, offering insights into its effects on the sensory system.
Abstract
Abstract Psilocybin is a classic psychedelic and a novel treatment for mood disorders. Psilocybin induces dose-dependent transient (4-6 hours) usua...
Psychedelic medicine in psychiatry residency training: a survey of psychiatric residency program directors.
Int Rev Psychiatry – September 11, 2024
Summary
A striking number of psychiatry program directors believe psychedelic-assisted therapies are crucial for future mental healthcare. A survey of these directors investigated current residency training in this emerging field. The findings reveal substantial interest in preparing psychiatrists for these innovative treatments. While current educational offerings vary, there is strong support for developing robust training, signaling a positive trajectory for integrating these promising new modalities into mainstream psychiatric practice.
Abstract
Psychedelic medicine in psychiatry residency training: a survey of psychiatric residency program directors.