Research
God hasn’t died, it has merely been encapsulated – Psilocybin and ayahuasca in the psychedelic renaissance: Intersections between religion, indigenous cosmologies, spirituality, and science
Social Compass – December 01, 2024
Summary
Ayahuasca and psilocybin, powerful hallucinogens, are undergoing distinct secularization processes. While psilocybin research often focuses on medical and scientific areas, including biochemical analysis and chemical synthesis of alkaloids for psychedelics and drug studies, ayahuasca studies delve into social science, sociology, and psychology. Ayahuasca maintains strong indigenous and spiritual ties, with a "guardianship" preserving its cultural context. Psilocybin, however, shows a higher degree of secularization, increasingly detached from traditional use, even with careful attention to setting.
Abstract
This article traces the trajectories of psilocybin and ayahuasca in the context of the psychedelic renaissance. The bibliometric analysis reveals t...
Psychedelic Research for Alcohol Use Disorder with Comorbid Major Depressive Disorder: An Unmet Need.
Current psychiatry reports – December 01, 2024
Summary
Promising breakthroughs in psychedelic medicine show that psilocybin and LSD may effectively treat both alcohol use disorder and major depressive disorder simultaneously. These conditions frequently occur together, making traditional treatments challenging. Studies reveal that psilocybin therapy significantly reduces drinking frequency and depressive symptoms, offering hope for a unified treatment approach.
Abstract
In this narrative review, we discuss evidence for psilocybin- and LSD-assisted treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and major depressive disorde...
From taboo to treatment: The emergence of psychedelics in the management of pain and opioid use disorder.
British journal of clinical pharmacology – December 01, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The rise of psychedelics in contemporary medicine has sparked interest in their potential therapeutic applications. While traditionally associated ...
Research Progress on NMDA Receptor Enhancement Drugs for the Treatment of Depressive Disorder.
CNS drugs – December 01, 2024
Summary
Breakthrough research reveals that boosting specific brain receptors (NMDARs) may offer a safer alternative to current depression treatments. While ketamine blocks these receptors and works quickly, it carries risks. New drugs that enhance NMDAR activity show promise in treating depression with fewer side effects. This approach could revolutionize treatment for millions, offering faster relief without the drawbacks of existing medications.
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe mental illness with a complex etiology. Currently, many medications employed in clinical treatment exhi...
The origin of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine (DOM, STP).
Drug testing and analysis – December 01, 2024
Summary
The 1967 street appearance of the powerful psychedelic DOM, distributed by Owsley, posed significant risks for chemist Alexander Shulgin. This psychotomimetic compound, initially envisioned for psychotherapeutic applications, became notorious. Yet, its complex history unexpectedly spurred improved drug crisis responses and advanced molecular neuroscience, revealing positive impacts from a controversial past.
Abstract
The story of the 1967 appearance of the powerful psychedelic 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine (DOM, STP) commonly omits details and often includes...
Psilocybin and hallucinogenic mushrooms.
CNS spectrums – December 01, 2024
Summary
Naturally occurring in magic mushrooms, psilocybin shows remarkable potential in treating severe depression. Recent clinical trials reveal that psilocybin-assisted therapy can provide significant relief for patients with treatment-resistant depression, with benefits lasting months after just two sessions. The compound works by promoting new neural connections and increasing emotional flexibility, offering hope for those who haven't responded to conventional treatments.
Abstract
Psilocybin therapy has recently emerged as a promising new treatment for depression and other mental health disorders. This chapter summarizes the ...
MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of PTSD: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Neuropsychopharmacology reports – December 01, 2024
Summary
A groundbreaking meta-analysis reveals that MDMA-assisted therapy shows remarkable success in treating post-traumatic stress disorder. Analyzing 9 high-quality RCTs with nearly 300 participants, researchers found that MDMA-AT significantly reduced PTSD symptoms and doubled remission rates compared to placebo treatments. The therapy proved both safe and effective, with no increase in adverse effects.
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health disorder resulting from exposure to traumatic events, manifesting in various debilitating ...
Beyond psychedelics: set and setting in general psychiatric practice.
International review of psychiatry (Abingdon, England) – December 01, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Psychedelic compounds continue gaining scientific and regulatory traction as potential new treatments for psychiatric disorders. While most psychia...
Zen Den: A Novel Approach to Promote Well-Being in the Workplace.
Journal of holistic nursing : official journal of the American Holistic Nurses' Association – December 01, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Purpose: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, holistic nurses at an academic level 1 trauma center in Hawaii utilized a novel holistic approach to...
Correction to "Ayahuasca in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: Mixed-methods case series evaluation in military combat veterans" by Weiss et al. (2023).
Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy – December 01, 2024
Summary
Military veterans experiencing trauma symptoms showed promising improvements after participating in a three-day ayahuasca ceremony. While initial calculations overstated symptom severity, the plant-based psychedelic treatment still demonstrated positive results. Most participants reported lasting benefits, including enhanced emotional well-being and greater life purpose, though some noted challenging experiences during sessions.
Abstract
Reports an error in "Ayahuasca in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: Mixed-methods case series evaluation in military combat veterans"...
Efficacy of adding ketamine to levobupivacaine in paravertebral block on acute and chronic pain in thoracotomy: a randomized controlled double-blinded trial.
Pain reports – December 01, 2024
Summary
Effective pain control after major surgery like thoracotomy is challenging. Researchers explored if adding Ketamine to a Levobupivacaine-based Paravertebral block could improve acute and chronic pain. Sixty patients received either the standard block or one with Ketamine. The Ketamine group experienced significantly less acute pain, needing less rescue medication and reporting lower pain scores. While greatly improving immediate comfort, no significant difference was observed in long-term chronic pain or complications. This suggests Ketamine enhances immediate pain relief.
Abstract
The inappropriate management of pain after thoracotomy results in serious complications. Several adjuvants have been added to the thoracic paravert...
Exploring Psychotherapeutic Benefits of Psilocybin and Psychedelics In Controlled Medical Settings
Journal of Student Research – November 30, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, is revolutionizing Psychology's approach to mental health. Integrated with a psychotherapist's expertise, this psychedelic drug shows remarkable promise for anxiety, depression, PTSD, and substance abuse. Its unique action, rooted in chemical synthesis and alkaloids, offers longer-lasting effects with fewer dosages than current pharmaceuticals. Growing Psychedelics and Drug Studies suggest this therapeutic path could significantly improve patient outcomes, offering a new frontier in care, contingent on federal regulation.
Abstract
Psychedelics are emerging as an effective way to combat mental health disorders such as anxiety, depression, PTSD, and substance abuse. Psychedelic...
Hair analysis to document ayahuasca consumption by LC-MS/MS
Microchemical Journal – November 29, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Effects of psychoplastogens on blood levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in humans: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Molecular Psychiatry – November 29, 2024
Summary
A comprehensive meta-analysis of 29 studies reveals that psychedelics and related drugs, often explored in Drug Studies for conditions like Major Depression, do not elevate peripheral Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in humans. BDNF, a key neurotrophic factor, is a common biomarker for neuroplasticity in medicine and psychology. Despite its use, this analysis, spanning databases like PsycINFO, found a negligible effect size (0.024). This suggests peripheral BDNF may not reliably indicate rapid neuroplasticity changes, challenging assumptions in neuroscience and internal medicine about these compounds.
Abstract
Abstract Background Peripheral levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are often used as a biomarker for the rapid plasticity-promoting ...
Neuroplasticity and Psychedelics: a comprehensive examination of classic and non-classic compounds in pre and clinical models
arXiv Preprint Archive – November 29, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics like LSD and psilocybin can rewire brain connections after just one dose, unlike traditional psychiatric medications. These compounds boost the brain's natural plasticity, helping neurons form new pathways and adapt to change. Studies show they create a window of enhanced learning and adaptation, leading to lasting improvements in mood and behavior.
Abstract
Neuroplasticity, the ability of the nervous system to adapt throughout an organism's lifespan, offers potential as both a biomarker and treatment t...
Psychedelics for the Treatment of Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: Efficacy and Proposed Mechanisms
The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology – November 29, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, shows promise for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). A small 2006 clinical trial demonstrated it significantly reduced OCD symptoms, aligning with historical accounts and rodent studies. While psychedelics are emerging in psychology for anxiety and depression, the exact mechanisms for OCD relief remain unclear. Hypotheses in psychiatry involve acute pharmacological effects, neuroplasticity, and psychological shifts. Current drug studies are evaluating this neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior to inform future psychotherapist approaches, potentially transforming clinical mental health care.
Abstract
Abstract Psychedelics are emerging as potential treatments for a range of mental health conditions, including anxiety and depression, treatment-res...
Neurochemical characterization of 5-HT 2A R partial agonists with simultaneous PET-MRI
Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism – November 29, 2024
Summary
A single low dose of lisuride (5 µg/kg) achieved similar brain 5-HT receptor occupancy (31%) as a higher dose of psilocybin (60 µg/kg, 32%). This Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research, using nuclear magnetic resonance in three nonhuman primates, reveals critical differences in how various psychedelics influence brain activity. While psilocybin and lisuride showed complex neurochemical responses, a selective compound produced larger cerebral blood volume changes despite only 7% receptor occupancy. This characterization helps understand these drugs' chemistry for future Medicine and Psychology applications, informing Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior.
Abstract
Understanding neuromodulatory effects of serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT 2A R) agonists with diverse pharmacological profiles is relevant to advancing ...
Psilocybin as a novel treatment for chronic pain
British Journal of Pharmacology – November 29, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, holds significant promise in medicine for chronic pain relief. Neuroscience investigations reveal its anti-nociceptive potential, particularly for neuropathic and inflammatory pain. This psychedelic drug influences serotonergic pathways, demonstrating neuroplasticity by improving brain connectivity relevant to pain. Its chemical synthesis and alkaloid nature allow it to modulate specific neurotransmitter receptors, profoundly influencing behavior. Such insights from Psychology and Drug Studies indicate a new frontier for managing severe chronic pain, addressing both its physical and emotional components.
Abstract
Abstract Psychedelic drugs are under active consideration for clinical use and have generated significant interest for their potential as anti‐noci...
Neuroplasticity and Psychedelics: a comprehensive examination of classic and non-classic compounds in pre and clinical models
arXiv (Cornell University) – November 29, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics demonstrate remarkable potential for rapid, lasting treatment of neuropsychiatric conditions. Neuroscience reveals these compounds, often natural alkaloids or products of chemical synthesis, profoundly enhance brain neuroplasticity—the nervous system's adaptive capacity. Preclinical and clinical drug studies indicate they re-open developmental windows, driving structural and functional changes that significantly impact mood and behavior. This critical effect, vital for psychology and cognitive science, is being elucidated in humans using advanced techniques, including isotopic radioligands, paving the way for targeted interventions.
Abstract
Neuroplasticity, the ability of the nervous system to adapt throughout an organism's lifespan, offers potential as both a biomarker and treatment t...
Personalized use of ketamine and esketamine for treatment-resistant depression.
Translational psychiatry – November 29, 2024
Summary
Depression treatment breakthroughs now include ketamine and its variant esketamine, offering hope for patients who don't respond to standard treatments. These medications work rapidly, with some patients showing improvement within hours. Family history of alcohol use and childhood trauma may predict better responses. Brain activity changes, particularly in frontoparietal regions, can indicate treatment success.
Abstract
A large and disproportionate portion of the burden associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) is due to treatment-resistant depression (TRD). ...
Effect of esketamine on postoperative delirium in general anesthesia patients undergoing elective surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
BMC anesthesiology – November 28, 2024
Summary
Promising news for surgical patients: A breakthrough medication shows significant potential in preventing postoperative delirium, a common cognitive complication affecting older surgery patients. Esketamine, when administered during general anesthesia, cut the risk of post-surgery confusion by more than half. The analysis of 1,286 patients also revealed reduced pain levels and fewer cases of low blood pressure, without increasing other side effects like nausea or dizziness.
Abstract
Postoperative delirium is a common neurological complication, especially in older patients undergoing surgery, which is closely related to the poor...
Sample composition and HIV prevention indicator differences using physical vs. virtual venue recruitment of men who have sex with men in San Francisco.
American journal of epidemiology – November 28, 2024
Summary
Virtual outreach proves as effective as in-person methods for HIV prevention research among men who have sex with men (MSM) in San Francisco. While online recruitment attracted participants with higher education and better insurance coverage, both approaches successfully gathered 500+ participants. Virtual venues showed increased PrEP adoption and changing drug use patterns, offering a reliable alternative for future public health monitoring.
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the sampling method for the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) in San Francisco changed from physical venue ...
Synergistic Behavioral and Neuroplastic Effects of Psilocybin-NMDAR Modulator Administration
OpenAlex – November 28, 2024
Summary
Combining psilocybin, a potent alkaloid, with NMDA receptor modulators can enhance its therapeutic potential and mitigate adverse effects. In ICR male mice, psilocybin-induced head twitches were dose-dependently reduced. Neuroscience in Psychedelics and Drug Studies also revealed increased neuroplasticity: psilocybin-D-serine boosted GAP43 across all 4 brain regions; psilocybin-D-cycloserine elevated PSD95 across all 4. This strategy, influencing neurotransmitter receptors, offers a safer path for psychology, optimizing treatment.
Abstract
Abstract The full therapeutic potential of serotonergic psychedelics (SP) in treating neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression and schizophre...
Effectiveness of Compassion Training on Stress and Anxiety: A Pre-Experimental Study on Nursing Students.
Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) – November 27, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Stress and anxiety are common problems among nursing students, affecting their mental health and academic performance. Compassion training has been...
Ciliopathy interacts with neonatal anesthesia to cause non-apoptotic caspase-mediated motor deficits.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology – November 27, 2024
Summary
Early exposure to anesthesia in newborns with genetic ciliary defects can impact motor development through unexpected cellular mechanisms. Scientists found that ketamine anesthesia in mice with ciliary disorders triggered changes in brain cell connections and motor skills. Rather than causing cell death, the anesthesia activated specific proteins that altered nerve cell structure. Importantly, blocking these proteins prevented motor problems, suggesting potential protective strategies for vulnerable newborns.
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that anesthesia may induce developmental neurotoxicity, yet the influence of genetic predispositions associated with c...
Participants’ Experience of Psychedelic Integration Groups and Processes: A Qualitative Thematic Analysis
Psychedelic Medicine – November 26, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic integration groups offer vital community support for individuals exploring the therapeutic potential of compounds like psilocybin, which influence neurotransmitter receptors. Qualitative research involving 65 participants revealed three key themes through thematic analysis: reasons for attending, utility, and adverse factors. This work in Psychology and Psychedelics and Drug Studies highlights how these groups help process experiences, crucial given the complex effects of these chemical synthesis alkaloids. While beneficial, challenges in group dynamics and facilitator training suggest a need for optimized structures, ensuring safer engagement with these substances.
Abstract
Background: Psychedelics such as psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine are increasingly recognized for thei...
Low dose oral ketamine treatment on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (OKTOP): An open-label pilot study
medRxiv Preprint Server – November 26, 2024
Summary
Oral ketamine shows promising potential for PTSD relief. A pilot investigation explored low-dose oral ketamine's safety and feasibility for symptom reduction. Participants took weekly oral doses for six weeks, leading to a dramatic improvement in PTSD symptoms, with average scores plummeting from 40 to 17. Notably, 73% experienced a 50% or greater symptom reduction, highlighting oral ketamine as a highly feasible and tolerable treatment, comparable to IV options.
Abstract
Ketamine is being actively investigated as a rapid-acting treatment for many conditions with a stress-related psychopathology, including post-traum...
Neuroimaging of Serotonergic and Psychedelic Agonist Drug Challenges in Non-Human Primates
Proceedings on CD-ROM - International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. Scientific Meeting and Exhibition/Proceedings of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Scientific Meeting and Exhibition – November 26, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic compounds like psilocybin elicit complex, bi-phasic brain responses, revealed through neuroimaging. This neuroscience research, vital for Psychedelics and Drug Studies, investigated how serotonergic agonists acutely influence cerebral blood volume in non-human primates. Pharmacological-MRI showed psilocybin and lisuride induced a two-phase hemodynamic shift, unlike 25CN-NBOH's monophasic effect. This suggests non-selective neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, with higher psilocybin doses causing persistent changes, informing psychology.
Abstract
Motivation: Acute effects of psychedelic drugs are under-reported in neuroimaging studies, warranting further investigation of their immediate phar...
Safety pharmacology of acute mescaline administration in healthy participants.
British journal of clinical pharmacology – November 25, 2024
Summary
Mescaline, a naturally occurring psychedelic, shows promise as a safe therapeutic compound when administered in controlled settings. In healthy volunteers, doses up to 800mg produced positive experiences that outweighed negative ones. While moderate increases in heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature occurred, they remained within safe ranges. Side effects like nausea were dose-dependent, and flashbacks were rare at 2% of sessions.
Abstract
Psychedelics, including mescaline, may serve as novel treatments for depression and anxiety. However, data is scarce on the safety of mescaline. Th...
Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy May Enhance Conservation Values in Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder
Psychedelic Medicine – November 25, 2024
Summary
The hallucinogen psilocybin, an alkaloid from chemical synthesis, significantly altered values in 48 patients with alcohol use disorder receiving psychotherapy. Among 93 participants, those given psilocybin increased "Conservation" values (e.g., security, tradition). Acute psychedelic experiences correlated with these shifts (r=0.31–0.34). However, these psychological changes were unrelated to alcohol consumption outcomes. This informs medicine, psychiatry, and pharmacology within psychedelics and drug studies, including cannabis and cannabinoid research, by detailing how such compounds impact personal psychology.
Abstract
Background: Psilocybin can produce long-term changes in personality, personal values, and behavior. Although psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) is b...
Survey of Massachusetts peer recovery coaches' attitudes toward the use of psychedelics to treat substance use disorders.
Addict Sci Clin Pract – November 25, 2024
Summary
In Massachusetts, peer recovery coaches - people who help others overcome addiction through shared experiences - are increasingly open to psychedelic treatments for substance use disorders. 85% of surveyed coaches expressed support for psychedelic therapy when traditional methods fall short. Their firsthand experience with addiction recovery makes their positive outlook particularly noteworthy for advancing treatment options.
Abstract
Survey of Massachusetts peer recovery coaches' attitudes toward the use of psychedelics to treat substance use disorders.
Deepening Psychedelic Integration: Exploring Complex Settings, Understanding User's Struggles, and Implementing Safe Interventions.
Curr Top Behav Neurosci – November 24, 2024
Summary
Navigating psychedelic experiences can be challenging, particularly outside structured environments. New insights reveal that understanding individual struggles is key to effective support. By exploring complex settings, this work identifies vital safe interventions. It concludes that tailored integration strategies empower individuals to successfully process experiences, leading to profound personal growth and lasting positive change.
Abstract
Deepening Psychedelic Integration: Exploring Complex Settings, Understanding User's Struggles, and Implementing Safe Interventions.
Associations Between Ayahuasca Use in Naturalistic Settings and Mental Health and Wellbeing Outcomes: Analysis of a Large Global Dataset.
Journal of psychoactive drugs – November 23, 2024
Summary
Global data reveals ayahuasca use is linked to improved mental health and reduced psychological distress. Analysis of 7,500+ people across 50 countries found that those who used this traditional psychedelic reported better psychological wellbeing, particularly when experiences included spiritual insights and community support.
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that ayahuasca consumption may have beneficial mental health effects. This study undertakes the largest analysis to dat...
Maintenance Intramuscular Ketamine-Assisted Psychotherapy, a Retrospective Chart Review of Efficacy, Adverse Events, and Dropouts from a Community Practice.
Journal of psychoactive drugs – November 22, 2024
Summary
Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy shows remarkable promise, with over 80% of patients experiencing significant improvement in depression symptoms. This long-term study tracked 70 patients through 1,114 therapy sessions, revealing that regular maintenance treatments effectively sustained mental health benefits. The combined approach of ketamine with psychotherapy helped patients manage depression, anxiety, and substance use issues. While most side effects were minimal, one case of ketamine addiction occurred. Most patients who discontinued treatment cited practical reasons rather than medical concerns, and many continued treatment beyond one year.
Abstract
The use of ketamine and ketamine-assisted psychotherapy (KAP) for treatment of depression has grown dramatically, though much of these data are sho...
The historical opposition to psychedelic research and implications for credibility in psychiatry.
CNS spectrums – November 21, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Psychedelics are a group of psychoactive substances that alter consciousness and produce marked shifts in sensory perception, cognition, and mood. ...
Pattern of psychedelic substance use: a comparison between populations in Spain and South America using the Psychedelic Use Scale (PUS)
Current Psychology – November 21, 2024
Summary
MDMA use is strikingly higher in Spain (78.5%) than in Spanish-speaking South America (37.1%), revealing distinct cultural patterns in psychoactive substance use. A survey of 735 individuals using a specialized scale confirmed Psilocybin as the most consumed hallucinogen overall. Conversely, Mescaline was more common in South America (31.9% vs. 24.0%). Individuals under 30 faced double the risk (OR=2.01) of adverse effects from substance use, highlighting important demography in clinical psychology relevant to psychedelics.
Abstract
Abstract Psychedelic use has increased in the last decade. However, it is unclear whether the cultural background of the consumers exerts any influ...
Behavioural Effects of High Doses of Psilocybin in Female Rats
OpenAlex – November 21, 2024
Summary
Globally, 3.8% of the population experiences depression, and 0.4-3.6% anxiety, highlighting a critical need in medicine and psychiatry. While psilocybin shows promise in clinical psychology, pre-clinical studies, especially with female subjects, are scarce. Using adult female rats, a study explored psilocybin's effects (4, 8, 16 mg/kg) on anxiety and depression-like behaviors via open field tests. Locomotor activity increased at 3 and 24 hours. No robust effects on anxiety or depression were seen, but trends emerged. Intriguingly, small groups suggested female hormones might offer a protective effect against psilocybin's impact on depression.
Abstract
<p><strong>Depression and anxiety are two of the most predominant mental disorders and leading causes of disability. The World Health O...
Strategies for resolving challenging psychedelic experiences: insights from a mixed-methods study.
Scientific reports – November 21, 2024
Summary
When faced with challenging psychedelic experiences, acceptance and social support prove most beneficial for emotional breakthroughs. Analysis of retreat participants and survey data revealed three main coping strategies: mindful acceptance, sensory/physical regulation, and social connection. Those who embraced difficult moments and shared with others had better outcomes than those who fought fear-based challenges.
Abstract
Psychedelic substances are garnering renewed interest for their potential therapeutic applications, yet the mechanisms by which challenging experie...
Placebo Effects: Neurological Mechanisms Inducing Physiological, Organic, and Belief Responses-A Prospective Analysis.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) – November 20, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The placebo effect can induce physiological or clinical neurological and organic responses despite the recipient receiving no active ingredients; t...
Ventral hippocampal parvalbumin interneurons gate the acute anxiolytic action of the serotonergic psychedelic DOI.
Neuron – November 20, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
There has been a recent renewal of interest in the therapeutic potential of serotonergic psychedelics. Here, we uncover the essential role of ventr...
Ayahuasca: pharmacology, safety, and therapeutic effects
CNS Spectrums – November 20, 2024
Summary
Ayahuasca, a traditional Amazonian hallucinogen, shows promise in treating psychiatric disorders like major depression and PTSD. Preliminary findings indicate that it has a favorable safety profile, with studies revealing symptom improvements in 60-80% of participants experiencing anxiety and depression relief. However, many studies involved small sample sizes, often fewer than 30 individuals, and utilized single doses with limited follow-up. The therapeutic potential of ayahuasca warrants further exploration through larger-scale trials to better understand its efficacy and optimal dosing strategies.
Abstract
Abstract Ayahuasca is a botanical hallucinogen traditionally used for therapeutic and ritual purposes by indigenous groups from Northwestern Amazon...
Ayahuasca: pharmacology, safety, and therapeutic effects.
CNS spectrums – November 20, 2024
Summary
Ancient Amazonian tribes discovered that combining two specific plants creates ayahuasca, a powerful hallucinogen containing dimethyltryptamine and harmine. Modern research shows this traditional medicine could revolutionize mental health treatment, with promising results for depression, anxiety, and addiction. Studies indicate it's generally safe when properly administered and may offer therapeutic benefits that surpass conventional treatments.
Abstract
Ayahuasca is a botanical hallucinogen traditionally used for therapeutic and ritual purposes by indigenous groups from Northwestern Amazonian count...
Effects of esketamine combined with dexmedetomidine on postoperative delirium and quality of recovery in elderly patients undergoing thoracoscopic radical lung cancer surgery: a randomized controlled trial.
CNS spectrums – November 20, 2024
Summary
A promising drug combination cuts post-surgery confusion in half for elderly lung cancer patients. Combining esketamine with dexmedetomidine during thoracoscopic surgery reduced postoperative delirium from 31% to 15%. Patients recovered faster, experienced less nausea, and had shorter hospital stays. The treatment also boosted immune function and improved overall quality of recovery.
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of esketamine (Esk) combined with dexmedetomidine (Dex) on postoperative delirium (POD) and quality of ...
Joint administration of sub-threshold doses of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor donepezil with those of the NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine improved rats' recognition memory abilities.
Neuroscience letters – November 20, 2024
Summary
Combining low doses of two memory-affecting drugs shows promise for enhancing memory function. When researchers paired small amounts of donepezil (an Alzheimer's medication) with ketamine (known for treating depression), rats showed significant improvements in their recognition memory. The combined treatment helped them better remember both object details and spatial locations, suggesting a potential new approach for treating memory disorders.
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a serious progressive neurodegenerative illness conducting to the decay of cognitive functions. A few drugs have been a...
Adverse psychiatric effects of psychedelic drugs: a systematic review of case reports.
Psychological medicine – November 20, 2024
Summary
While psychedelic drugs show promise in mental health treatment, some users experience serious psychiatric effects. Analysis of medical case reports reveals that these substances can trigger mood disorders and psychosis in previously healthy individuals. Most concerning are flashbacks and perception disorders, which can persist for months or years after use. However, recovery is common in mood-related cases, though psychotic episodes tend to have longer-lasting impacts.
Abstract
Psychedelic drugs are a focus of interest in the treatment of depression and other disorders but there are longstanding concerns about possible adv...
Ketamine for the Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
CNS spectrums – November 20, 2024
Summary
Ketamine, traditionally used as an anesthetic, shows remarkable promise in treating multiple psychiatric conditions. Research reveals significant symptom improvements in patients with PTSD, OCD, and alcohol use disorders. The drug particularly excels in helping those with treatment-resistant conditions, reducing PTSD symptoms by 28 points on standard scales and OCD symptoms by 8 points. For alcohol-related disorders, patients showed decreased drinking urges and maintained longer periods of sobriety.
Abstract
Inadequate response to first- and second-line pharmacological treatments for psychiatric disorders is commonly observed. Ketamine has demonstrated ...
Registered Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Psychedelics in Healthcare: Statewide Survey Results.
J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs – November 19, 2024
Summary
Most nurses support exploring psychedelic therapies, with 65% expressing interest in learning more. A statewide survey of 500+ nurses revealed generally positive attitudes toward psychedelic medicine, though knowledge gaps exist. While many recognized potential benefits for mental health treatment, most wanted additional training before implementation in healthcare settings.
Abstract
Registered Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Psychedelics in Healthcare: Statewide Survey Results.
Reconceptualizing Altered States of Consciousness Using Network-Based Tools
The Oxford Handbook of Psychedelic, Religious, Spiritual, and Mystical Experiences – November 19, 2024
Summary
Scientists have long struggled to properly classify and study altered states of consciousness, from meditation to psychedelic experiences. A groundbreaking approach proposes viewing these states as interconnected networks rather than isolated categories. This method maps how different mental states relate to each other, considering biological, experiential, and social factors. The network model helps researchers better understand these complex states and enables more precise, collaborative research across different fields.
Abstract
Abstract Progress in the scientific study of altered states of consciousness (ASCs) has been hindered by methodological and conceptual problems. At...
Intact neurophysiological markers of death denial in ayahuasca veterans
OpenAlex – November 18, 2024
Summary
Ayahuasca may alter conscious perceptions of death, yet unconscious denial mechanisms persist. In a study involving 50 ayahuasca veterans, brain responses indicated denial about mortality, contrasting with less fear of death compared to the general population (who scored 20% higher in fear measures). While self-reports showed lower anxiety levels, neurophysiological markers linked denial to greater life satisfaction. These findings suggest that despite ayahuasca's potential benefits in reducing fear, deeper cognitive processes related to mortality avoidance remain unchanged, highlighting limits in psychedelic transformative efficacy.
Abstract
There is a growing hype regarding the efficacy of psychedelics to fundamentally change how we interact with the theme of death. The underlying evid...
Interoceptive Ability and Emotion Regulation in Mind-Body Interventions: An Integrative Review.
Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) – November 18, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
It is increasingly recognized that interoceptive ability, the capacity to detect, interpret, and consciously integrate signals related to the physi...
Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression in Bipolar II Disorder
Psychedelic Medicine – November 18, 2024
Summary
A compelling finding in psychiatry and psychology suggests the hallucinogen psilocybin, a compound from chemical synthesis and alkaloids, may alleviate severe mood disorders. Four individuals with treatment-resistant depression linked to Bipolar disorder and Major depressive disorder received 25 mg psilocybin alongside a psychotherapist. Their average depression scores (MADRS) dropped significantly from 32.5 at baseline to 20.3 after two weeks, remaining low at 21.3 after six months. This promising data from Psychedelics and Drug Studies, exploring neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, offers hope for those struggling with chronic depression.
Abstract
Background: Bipolar II disorder (BD-II) is often associated with chronic and treatment resistant major depressive episodes. Psilocybin has shown pr...
Psilocybin Fungi Unveiled: Morphological Characteristics and Pharmacological Potentials
International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology – November 17, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen from "magic mushrooms," shows significant therapeutic promise for mental health. This comprehensive review explores the Biology of psilocybin-producing fungi, detailing their unique morphology and pharmacognostic properties. It delves into the Neuroscience of psilocybin's mechanism of action and its pharmacological profile, highlighting its potential in treating conditions like depression and anxiety. These Psychedelics are gaining traction in Drug Studies, bridging traditional knowledge with modern insights into Chemical synthesis and alkaloids.
Abstract
Abstract: Psilocybin mushrooms, also known as "magic mushrooms," have garnered significant attention for their psychoactive properties and potentia...
Validation of the Swiss Psychedelic Side Effects Inventory: Standardized assessment of adverse effects in studies of psychedelics and MDMA.
Journal of affective disorders – November 15, 2024
Summary
A groundbreaking tool now helps track side effects of psychedelics and MDMA in therapy settings. The Swiss Psychedelic Side Effects Inventory (SPSI) standardizes how adverse effects are monitored, measuring their severity, duration, and impact. Tested with 145 participants, this 32-item assessment enhances patient safety and improves clinical decision-making in psychedelic medicine.
Abstract
Studies of psychedelic-assisted therapy with LSD, psilocybin, MDMA, and related substances show clinical promise but inadequately assess side effec...
Isolation of psychedelic-responsive neurons underlying anxiolytic behavioral states.
Science (New York, N.Y.) – November 15, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Psychedelics hold promise as alternate treatments for neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the neural mechanisms by which they drive adaptive behav...
Neurobiological Changes Induced by Mindfulness and Meditation: A Systematic Review.
Biomedicines – November 15, 2024
Summary
Regular meditation physically reshapes key brain regions, boosting emotional control and reducing stress. Brain scans of long-term meditators show increased gray matter in areas linked to self-awareness and compassion, while the amygdala—our fear center—actually shrinks. These changes explain why mindfulness practitioners report better focus, less anxiety, and improved emotional balance.
Abstract
Neurobiological Changes Induced by Mindfulness and Meditation: A Systematic Review.
Ketamine induced gut microbiota dysbiosis and barrier and hippocampal dysfunction in rats.
iScience – November 15, 2024
Summary
The intricate connection between gut health and brain function reveals surprising insights about ketamine's effects. New neuroscience research shows how this drug disrupts both the microbiome and brain physiology. When rats received ketamine, their gut bacteria changed dramatically, leading to damaged intestinal walls and altered brain activity, particularly in memory-related regions. These changes in gut microbes directly correlated with behavioral changes and brain function, highlighting how deeply our digestive and nervous systems are connected.
Abstract
The microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) plays a pivotal role in drug addiction. However, the pathophysiological mechanism of MGBA in ketamine addictio...
Assessment of illicit drug use in Seoul, the capital of South Korea for 21 days by wastewater-based epidemiology.
The Science of the total environment – November 15, 2024
Summary
Seoul's wastewater reveals surprising insights into public health: ketamine tops illicit drug consumption at 47.5mg per 1,000 people daily. Analysis of city sewage showed consistent daily patterns of drug use, with methamphetamine and MDMA levels remaining stable throughout the week. Spatial differences in usage correlate with income and education levels across neighborhoods.
Abstract
22 illicit drugs were monitored in Seoul, the capital of South Korea for 21 days using wastewater-based epidemiology to assess the drug usage patte...
Esketamine improves cognitive function in sepsis-associated encephalopathy by inhibiting microglia-mediated neuroinflammation.
European journal of pharmacology – November 15, 2024
Summary
Promising breakthrough: Esketamine shows potential in treating brain dysfunction caused by severe infections. The drug reduces harmful brain inflammation by calming overactive immune cells called microglia. By activating BDNF (a key brain-protective protein), esketamine helps preserve cognitive function and protect neurons from damage during sepsis-associated encephalopathy.
Abstract
Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is critical in the pathogenesis of sepsis-associated encephalopathy(SAE). Identifying the key factors that inh...
The effect and mechanism of low-dose esketamine in neuropathic pain-related depression-like behavior in rats.
Brain research – November 15, 2024
Summary
Low-dose Esketamine shows promise in treating both chronic nerve pain and depression simultaneously. Research reveals that this innovative treatment works by regulating key brain proteins, particularly Homer1a and mGluR5, in rats with neuropathic pain. The treatment significantly improved depression symptoms and restored normal behavior, without requiring high doses typically used for depression alone.
Abstract
Clinical evidence suggests that Esketamine (ESK) is an effective treatment for depression. However, the effects of Esketamine in treating depressio...
Effects of Different Anesthesia Applications on Mood, Depression, and Anxiety Levels in Burn Patients.
Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association – November 14, 2024
Summary
Ketamine-based sedation shows promising results in reducing depression and anxiety among patients with burns. A comprehensive analysis of 67 burn patients revealed that those receiving ketamine-based sedation experienced significant mood improvements and decreased anxiety levels after their procedures. While both traditional and ketamine-based methods proved effective, the ketamine group showed notably better results in managing depression symptoms. Remarkably, no participants displayed suicidal tendencies throughout the study period.
Abstract
Adequate and effective pain management and prevention of depression are essential in patients with burns. This study aims to explore the effects of...