Research
Comparative Efficacy of Esketamine vs Sufentanil with Propofol for Sedation in EUS: A Randomized, Controlled Study.
Journal of pain research – January 01, 2025
Summary
A breakthrough in medical sedation shows that esketamine offers safer outcomes during endoscopic ultrasound procedures. When combined with propofol, this alternative sedative reduced respiratory depression by two-thirds compared to traditional methods. Patients receiving esketamine needed less medication overall and experienced more stable breathing patterns during sedation. The approach also led to faster recovery times and fewer post-procedure complications like nausea and vomiting.
Abstract
This randomized, controlled trial aimed to assess the sedative effects of esketamine and sufentanil combined with propofol during EUS. Three hundre...
[[Dreams]visions in Hoffmann's «fairy tales»: An experience of phenomenological description].
Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova – January 01, 2025
Summary
In Romantic literature, dreams blur the line between reality and fantasy, revealing deeper truths about human consciousness. Through vivid descriptions of dreaming states, Hoffmann explores the ambivalence between everyday perception and heightened awareness. His characters experience both enlightening visions and terrifying nightmares, reflecting natural philosophy's view of interconnected existence. The visionary experiences are marked by intense sensations, fluid boundaries, and creative energy.
Abstract
The article highlights the stable characteristics of the world of dreams/visions, which is revealed to Hoffmann's visionaries in borderline, «twili...
A dualist theory of experience.
Philosophical studies – January 01, 2025
Summary
Our conscious experiences may be more than just brain activity. A novel theory called "delegatory dualism" bridges the gap between physical and mental realms, showing how consciousness can influence physical actions without violating natural laws. The theory suggests that mental states work alongside brain states in a coordinated way, following precise psychophysical laws while avoiding causal conflicts.
Abstract
Dualism holds that experiences somehow arise from physical states, despite being neither identical with nor grounded in such states. This paper mot...
The Effect of Minimal-Dose S-Ketamine Administration Post-Surgery on Opioids Consumption and Functional Rehabilitation Exercises in Patients Undergoing Minimally Invasive Radical Resection of Esophageal Cancer.
Therapeutics and clinical risk management – January 01, 2025
Summary
For patients recovering from esophageal cancer surgery, a minimal dose of S-ketamine remarkably reduced opioid consumption by 40%. This finding emerged from a comparison where patients received either S-ketamine or a placebo for postoperative analgesia. Those given S-ketamine not only used significantly less pain medication but also showed superior functional recovery. This approach offers a promising way to enhance patient rehabilitation.
Abstract
To examine the impact of minimal-dose S-ketamine on postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing minimally invasive radical resection for esophag...
Zebra_K, a kinematic analysis automated platform for assessing sensitivity, habituation and prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response in adult zebrafish.
The Science of the total environment – January 01, 2025
Summary
Scientists have discovered fascinating gender differences in how fish react to sudden sounds. Using a new kinematic analysis platform, researchers found female zebrafish show stronger acoustic startle responses but adapt more slowly than males. The platform measures how adult zebrafish respond to, and learn from, repeated sound stimuli. Testing with ketamine confirmed the system's effectiveness for studying sensorimotor gating and neuroplasticity.
Abstract
The acoustic startle response (ASR) is leaded by a sudden and intense acoustic stimulus. ASR has several forms of plasticity, including habituation...
Structural Pharmacology of Bufotenine Derivatives in Activating the 5-HT 1A Receptor for Therapeutic Potential in Depression and Anxiety
Research – January 01, 2025
Summary
Bufotenine derivatives, particularly 5-OH-DMT and 5-MeO-DMT, demonstrate significant antidepressant and anxiolytic effects, with behavioral tests on mice showing promising results. Structural analysis revealed that these compounds interact uniquely with the 5-HT 1A receptor, crucial for treating depression and anxiety. Notably, 5-OH-DMT exhibited a distinct binding pattern, suggesting its potential for therapeutic use without hallucinogenic side effects. This work highlights the importance of understanding receptor interactions to develop next-generation nonhallucinogenic treatments targeting mental health disorders.
Abstract
The 5-HT 1A receptor is a critical target in the treatment of depression and anxiety. Bufotenine derivatives, such as 5-methoxy- N , N -dimethyltry...
Human neuroimaging: fMRI.
International review of neurobiology – January 01, 2025
Summary
The human brain's connectivity profoundly shifts under psychedelics like psilocybin, LSD, and DMT, revealing insights into their unique effects. Neuroimaging, specifically functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), shows these substances acutely disrupt normal resting-state patterns. This neuropsychopharmacology research suggests these fMRI-observed changes are closely linked to both the characteristic subjective experiences and positive long-term emotional impacts. This deepens our understanding of psychedelics and aids in developing new treatments.
Abstract
Human neuroimaging with functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging has been a key feature of the current wave of psychedelic research, in both healthy a...
Is there a risk of esketamine misuse in clinical practice?
Therapeutic advances in drug safety – January 01, 2025
Summary
Breakthrough therapy esketamine offers new hope for treatment-resistant depression, with studies showing sustained benefits lasting up to 4.5 years. Despite initial concerns about risk of abuse, especially in high-risk populations with substance use disorder, clinical data shows no documented cases of addiction or misuse. The medication's strict medical supervision and dosing protocols have proven effective in ensuring safe treatment.
Abstract
In 2019, intranasal esketamine gained approval as a promising therapy for those individuals grappling with treatment-resistant depression. Both cli...
Emerging Risks of Amanita Muscaria: Case Reports on Increasing Consumption and Health Risks.
Acta medica Lituanica – January 01, 2025
Summary
Four people recently hospitalized for consuming *Amanita muscaria* were all discharged in stable condition, revealing a growing trend. This review highlights increased recreational use of these psychoactive mushrooms, driven by compounds like muscimol and its precursor, ibotenic acid. While some explore microdosing, the unregulated nature of *Amanita muscaria* raises public health concerns regarding its known toxicity.
Abstract
The increasing popularity of Amanita muscaria, driven by its hallucinogenic properties, has raised significant public health concerns, particularly...
Potential therapeutic effects of psychedelics in small doses: Is there a role for microdosing in psychiatry?
International review of neurobiology – January 01, 2025
Summary
Remarkably, very small doses of psychedelics like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin show promise in psychiatry. Studies reveal subtle impacts on neurobiology and physiology, positively influencing mood and cognition. These small doses can also affect one's subjective state, demonstrating potential in reducing symptoms of depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Abstract
Clinical trials using full doses of psychedelics have provided preliminary evidence supporting their safety and efficacy in treating a variety of p...
Effect of Esketamine on Cognitive Recovery After Propofol Sedation for Outpatient Colonoscopy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Drug design, development and therapy – January 01, 2025
Summary
Adding esketamine to propofol during colonoscopy sedation improves mental clarity afterward. In this breakthrough finding, patients receiving the combination showed 95% cognitive recovery versus 83% with propofol alone. The addition also reduced side effects like low blood pressure and slow heart rate, while maintaining similar discharge times and boosting patient satisfaction.
Abstract
While esketamine shows promise as an adjunct in procedural sedation, its impact on postoperative cognitive recovery remains incompletely characteri...
Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis With Serial Negative MRI Findings: An Evaluation Using Autoimmune Psychosis Criteria.
Case reports in neurological medicine – January 01, 2025
Summary
When a teenager's mental state rapidly deteriorated, doctors discovered that his brain inflammation had an autoimmune cause, despite normal MRI scans. His symptoms included seizures, altered consciousness, and psychiatric changes. Using specialized criteria and electroencephalography, physicians identified anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Treatment with steroids led to significant improvement, highlighting how autoimmune conditions can masquerade as psychiatric disorders.
Abstract
Autoimmune psychosis criteria have been proposed for autoimmune encephalitis with prominent psychiatric symptoms as an alternative to biomarker-bas...
Navigating groundlessness: An interview study on dealing with ontological shock and existential distress following psychedelic experiences.
PloS one – January 01, 2025
Summary
Psychedelic experiences can profoundly shake one's understanding of reality, leading some people to grapple with deep existential questions. Researchers interviewed 26 individuals who faced psychological challenges after psychedelic use. While participants initially struggled with confusion about existence and meaning, many found relief through physical grounding practices, social support, and gradually integrating their experiences into a new worldview. The findings highlight how these intense experiences can ultimately lead to personal growth and transformed perspectives.
Abstract
Psychedelic induced mystical experiences have been largely assumed to drive the therapeutic effects of these substances, which may in part be media...
Serotonergic psychedelics for depression: A comprehensive overview.
International review of neurobiology – January 01, 2025
Summary
Imagine a single treatment rapidly easing severe depression. Recent insights from clinical trials show certain psychedelics, like psilocybin, offer profound and sustained relief for major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment-resistant depression (TRD). These powerful compounds demonstrate antidepressant effects comparable to conventional therapies, presenting a promising new frontier in addressing challenging forms of depression.
Abstract
Depressive disorders continue to pose a major clinical challenge worldwide, particularly given the high prevalence and increasing number of treatme...
Psychedelics and substance use disorder treatment.
International review of neurobiology – January 01, 2025
Summary
Remarkably, certain **hallucinogens** show promise in treating **addiction**. Research indicates **psychedelics** like **LSD**, **psilocybin**, and **ayahuasca** can help individuals with **alcohol use disorder** reduce drinking and achieve abstinence. Promising initial findings also emerge for **tobacco use disorder** and opioid **substance use disorders**. These compounds may work by improving brain function and fostering personal insights, offering a new path for recovery.
Abstract
The current chapter presents the literature evaluating the effects of classic psychedelic treatments on five substance use disorders: alcohol, toba...
Association of Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder with Trait Neuroticism and Mental Health Symptoms.
Journal of psychoactive drugs – January 01, 2025
Summary
Visual disturbances after psychedelic use may be more common than previously thought. Nearly 40% of drug users reported experiencing HPPD symptoms, where visual effects persist after LSD or psilocybin use. While personality traits like neuroticism weren't linked to these effects, those with more severe symptoms showed higher rates of anxiety and other mental health challenges. Drug testing and verification emerged as a crucial safety factor.
Abstract
Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder (HPPD) is considered rare in hallucinogen users although there are conflicting reports about its incide...
History of psychedelic drug science and molecular pharmacology.
International review of neurobiology – January 01, 2025
Summary
Modern psychedelic science began in 1898 with mescaline's discovery. A historical overview reveals how classical psychedelics, once valued for healing, faced decades of halted research. Now, renewed psychedelic science, driven by understanding psychedelic pharmacology, particularly via 5-HT(2A) receptors, confirms their efficacy for psychiatric disorders. This marks a paradigm shift and rapid growth in the field, highlighting the therapeutic potential uncovered through psychedelic history.
Abstract
Classic psychedelics have been used by various cultures for millennia for healing and religious purposes. The modern era of psychedelic science beg...
Post-traumatic stress disorder in psychedelic research.
International review of neurobiology – January 01, 2025
Summary
Remarkably, psychedelic-assisted therapy is showing profound promise for individuals with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) who haven't responded to traditional trauma-focused therapy. Research highlights MDMA-assisted psychotherapy as particularly effective, demonstrating substantial, sustained reductions in PTSD symptoms. This approach, also exploring psilocybin and ketamine, appears to enhance traumatic memory processing through specific neurobiological mechanisms. Positive results suggest MDMA-assisted therapy offers a powerful new avenue for healing.
Abstract
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a severe psychiatric condition that develops after exposure to trauma such as combat, natural disasters, o...
Psychedelics for the treatment of end-of-life distress in patients with a life-threatening disease.
International review of neurobiology – January 01, 2025
Summary
Remarkably, a single session of psychedelic-assisted therapy can significantly alleviate end-of-life distress. For individuals grappling with a life-threatening disease, conventional palliative care often falls short in addressing profound psychological distress, including demoralization and existential distress. Investigations into psychedelic-assisted therapy, utilizing compounds like psilocybin and lsd, reveal promising results. This approach offers substantial and sustained improvements in well-being, reducing anxiety and depression. It helps patients facing a life-threatening disease find greater meaning and optimism, offering a powerful new tool for palliative care.
Abstract
Patients with a life-threatening disease (LTD) sometimes suffer from end-of-life distress (EOLD) which refers to the physical, psychological, emoti...
Serotonin, immune function, and psychedelics as potent anti-inflammatories.
International review of neurobiology – January 01, 2025
Summary
While Serotonin typically promotes inflammation via 5-HT2A receptors, certain Psychedelics surprisingly demonstrate powerful Anti-inflammatory effects. Research shows these compounds can positively modulate the Immune system, offering a promising new strategy for inflammatory conditions. This unveils significant therapeutic potential.
Abstract
Psychedelics are primarily recognized for their profound behavioral effects, leading most research on psychedelics and their primary target, the 5-...
Abuse liability for esketamine in a cohort of patients undergoing an acute treatment course to manage treatment-resistant depression: a secondary analysis of an observational study in real-world clinical practicee.
Therapeutic advances in drug safety – January 01, 2025
Summary
Many worry about addiction with new depression treatments, especially those related to ketamine abuse. However, a study using real-world clinical data on 23 patients with major depressive disorder found promising results. This psychopharmacology research assessed esketamine's abuse liability during an acute treatment course. Patients reported neutral liking and no cravings, which did not increase over eight sessions. This suggests a positive antidepressant effect and treatment response without heightened risk, offering hope for those with severe depression, including suicidal ideation, by showing low abuse potential.
Abstract
Intranasal (IN) esketamine has become an effective and well-tolerated therapeutic option for the management of treatment-resistant depression withi...
Clinical pharmacology.
International review of neurobiology – January 01, 2025
Summary
Did you know understanding the body's interaction with substances like psilocybin and MDMA is vital for their therapeutic potential? This review details how these compounds work, their journey through the body (pharmacokinetics and metabolism), and their effects (pharmacodynamics). Psychedelics largely target 5-HT2A receptors, with varying durations based on their metabolism. MDMA offers unique stimulant and empathogenic effects. Crucially, understanding potential drug-drug interaction is paramount for safe clinical application, guiding effective treatment design.
Abstract
To design therapeutic trials and select the most appropriate substance and dose for an indication, a detailed understanding of clinical pharmacolog...
Analytical and behavioral characterization of 1-dodecanoyl-LSD (1DD-LSD).
Drug testing and analysis – January 01, 2025
Summary
Scientists have discovered that 1DD-LSD, a new variant of the classic psychedelic LSD, shows promise but with unique properties. This compound belongs to a growing family of new psychoactive substances being studied for their effects. Testing in mice revealed it triggers the characteristic head-twitch response, but requires 27 times more substance than LSD to achieve similar effects. The longer molecular structure may explain its reduced potency.
Abstract
1-Acetyl-N,N-diethyllysergamide (1A-LSD, ALD-52) was first synthesized in the 1950s and found to produce psychedelic effects similar to those of LS...
Is there a place for psychedelics in sports practice?
Acta Neuropsychiatrica – January 01, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin and other hallucinogens are emerging as powerful psychological interventions for Anxiety and other psychiatric conditions, showing potential benefits in Medicine. While Athletes could benefit from such Psychology-based approaches, specific data on how substances like Psilocybin, Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), or MDMA affect their physical performance is largely absent. Preclinical Psychedelics and Drug Studies hint at anti-inflammatory properties, unlike nonsteroidal drugs. Understanding Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior in performance, crucial for Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, requires further investigation.
Abstract
Abstract Growing evidence suggests that psychedelic-assisted therapies can alleviate depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress, and substance use d...
Near-death experience during cardiac arrest and consciousness beyond the brain: a narrative review.
International review of psychiatry (Abingdon, England) – January 01, 2025
Summary
Remarkably, some individuals report vivid Near-death experiences during cardiac arrest when the brain's cortical electrical activity is absent. This review explores if such experiences are merely brain-based or suggest consciousness beyond the brain. Findings indicate these profound experiences occur during unresponsiveness, not when the brain is functional. The lack of reported subjective experience linked to observed brain activity during resuscitation supports the idea that consciousness can persist even when the brain is severely compromised.
Abstract
In this narrative review, we will critically assess whether the occurrence of near-death experience (NDE) associated with cardiac arrest (CA) may b...
Diversity and similarity of near-death experiences across cultures and history: implications for the survival hypothesis.
International review of psychiatry (Abingdon, England) – January 01, 2025
Summary
Accounts of near-death experiences (NDEs) span cultures and history, yet their descriptions vary widely. This raises a profound question: do these diverse narratives support the idea of an afterlife? Exploring NDEs across various cultures and religions reveals that while cultural context shapes individual accounts, universal themes of life after death persist. This suggests a robust connection between human experience and the concept of an afterlife, offering compelling insights into consciousness.
Abstract
While accounts of near-death experiences (NDEs) are found around the world and throughout history, descriptions of the phenomenon vary widely. Whet...
The effect of esketamine on emergence delirium in pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Frontiers in pharmacology – January 01, 2025
Summary
Emergence delirium, a distressing disorientation after general anesthesia, often affects pediatric patients. A meta-analysis of ten studies found esketamine significantly reduces this agitation. The findings confirm esketamine safely lessens emergence delirium in children, without prolonging recovery or causing more nausea. A single dose appears most effective.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of esketamine on emergence delirium in pediatric patients. We searched Pubmed, Cochrane Control...
Electroencephalographic characteristics of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for prolonged disorders of consciousness: a study protocol.
Frontiers in neuroscience – January 01, 2025
Summary
Gentle electrical stimulation of the ear's vagus nerve shows promise in helping patients recover from severe consciousness disorders. This protocol aims to identify which patients will benefit most from this treatment by analyzing their brain activity patterns. Using EEG monitoring, researchers will track changes in brain wave patterns and neural connections in 50 patients receiving ear stimulation over 4 weeks, followed by a year of observation.
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) can promote the recovery of consciousness levels in pat...
NMDA receptors antagonists alleviated the acute phase of traumatic brain injury.
Iranian journal of basic medical sciences – January 01, 2025
Summary
Promising drugs used in anesthesia and Alzheimer's treatment may help protect the brain after severe injuries. Ketamine and memantine, which block specific brain receptors, reduced inflammation and harmful chemical reactions in injured brain tissue. Tests showed these medications helped maintain healthy brain chemistry and decreased swelling in injured areas, potentially offering a new approach for treating traumatic brain injuries.
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant cause of mortality and disability worldwide. TBI has been associated with factors such as oxidative s...
Brain Representation in Conscious and Unconscious Vision.
Journal of cognition – January 01, 2025
Summary
Our brains process visual information even when we're not consciously aware of it. Using advanced fMRI scanning, researchers found that both conscious and unconscious visual perception activate similar patterns across the brain's visual and decision-making regions. The study revealed that artificial intelligence models could predict brain responses to images, whether consciously seen or not, suggesting consciousness may be more about how we reflect on information than how it spreads through the brain.
Abstract
The development of robust frameworks to understand how the human brain represents conscious and unconscious perceptual contents is paramount to mak...
"Facing Death. . . Now, That's a Serious Thing to Confront" A Qualitative Analysis of Patient Perspectives on Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy for Cancer-Related Psychosocial Symptoms.
Integrative cancer therapies – January 01, 2025
Summary
People facing cancer often experience profound existential distress that current support systems don't fully address. This study investigated how patients perceive psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) as a novel approach for cancer-related psychosocial symptoms. Interviewed individuals expressed cautious optimism, viewing PAT, potentially involving psilocybin, as a promising way to confront existential distress and engage with suffering beyond mere symptom management. Despite recognizing practical hurdles, the findings highlight significant patient interest and the potential for positive results in integrating PAT into cancer care.
Abstract
People living with cancer (PLWC) often face profound existential distress that is insufficiently addressed by conventional psychosocial supports. T...
Evaluation of pressure-induced pain in patients with disorders of consciousness based on functional near infrared spectroscopy.
Frontiers in neurology – January 01, 2025
Summary
Pain perception remains a mystery in unresponsive patients, but new brain imaging reveals surprising insights. Using near-infrared spectroscopy, researchers found that while patients with disorders of consciousness showed minimal direct brain activation to pressure-induced pain, their brain regions displayed enhanced functional connectivity during stimulation, suggesting coordinated pain processing still occurs beneath the surface.
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the brain's hemodynamic responses (HRO) and functional connectivity in patients with disorders of consciousness (Do...
Associations between mindfulness and symptom severity among adults living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Heart & lung : the journal of critical care – January 01, 2025
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) benefit adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by helping them manage their symptoms and im...
Development of a school-based mindful yoga and meditation intervention module for enhancing adolescents' emotion regulation and well-being.
Journal of education and health promotion – January 01, 2025
Summary
Adolescents experienced significant improvements in well-being, mindfulness, and emotion regulation, alongside reduced psychological distress, after engaging in a Mindful Yoga and Meditation program. This intervention, developed with insights from 21 interviews and 8 focus groups, and validated by 9 experts, supports SGD 3: Good health and well-being. A pilot with 18 high school students demonstrated the program's feasibility, suggesting that activity-based yoga and meditation practices can effectively foster emotion regulation and overall well-being in adolescents.
Abstract
Mindfulness and Yoga practices are well-established interventions for enhancing adolescent well-being. This study aimed to design, validate, and ev...
Intraoperative Administration of Esketamine is Associated with Reduced Opioid Consumption After Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Drug design, development and therapy – January 01, 2025
Summary
A breakthrough in pain management shows that esketamine during surgery can significantly reduce patients' need for opioid painkillers. Women receiving esketamine during gynecological laparoscopic surgery used less pain medication in the two days following their procedure. Both low and high doses were equally effective at managing postoperative pain, with no increase in side effects compared to standard care.
Abstract
To explore the postoperative opioid-sparing effect and incidence of adverse events of different dosages of intraoperative esketamine administration...
A kind mind: effects of compassion-based meditation on prosocial intergroup outcomes in a South African pilot sample.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2025
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Three decades into democracy, the corollaries of apartheid continue to pattern South African society, with complicated race feelings and resistance...
PolDrugs 2025: results of the third edition of the nationwide study on psychoactive substance use in the context of psychiatry and harm reduction.
Frontiers in psychiatry – January 01, 2025
Summary
A positive trend in Poland shows growing acceptance of psychiatry among those using psychoactive substances. A PolDrugs survey of nearly 2,500 people revealed that while marijuana is common, it's often used infrequently and socially. Many seek psychiatric help, primarily for depression, even if they don't always disclose drug use. Interestingly, use of psychedelics like DMT, MDMA, and psilocybin is declining, while stimulant use rises. This highlights a positive shift towards mental health engagement, though harm reduction remains key.
Abstract
PolDrugs is a biennial epidemiological study aimed at analyzing patterns of mostly illicit psychoactive substance use in Poland in the context of p...
The roots of happiness: How love and memory shape the core of our brain.
Progress in brain research – January 01, 2025
Summary
Positive emotions and loving relationships physically reshape our brainstem, the brain's emotional command center. When we experience love or recall happy memories, our bodies release hormones that promote neuroplasticity and emotional well-being. Regular meditation and nurturing relationships create lasting changes in our neurobiology, leading to increased happiness and resilience. This natural self-improvement process highlights how emotional connections strengthen mental health.
Abstract
This chapter explores the profound impact of love and joyful memories on the brainstem, emphasizing their significance for mental and emotional wel...
Traditional Islamic spiritual meditative practices: powerful psychotherapies for mental wellbeing.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2025
Summary
Ancient Islamic meditative practices are gaining recognition as powerful tools for mental wellness. Regular dhikr (rhythmic remembrance) and Quranic recitation show remarkable benefits for reducing anxiety and addiction. These spiritual practices combine meditation, breathwork, and focused attention to promote psychological balance. Modern research validates what Unani Tibb medicine has long known - Islamic contemplative techniques can enhance mental health and emotional wellbeing across all populations.
Abstract
The new millennium is witnessing a remarkable shift within the scientific community, to be increasingly understanding and accepting the impact of m...
Comparison of Laboratory Confirmed Drugs in Acute Recreational Drug Toxicity Presentations to an Urban Hospital in London, UK, 2016/17 versus 2019/20.
Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology – January 01, 2025
Summary
Drug patterns at a London hospital reveal shifting trends: Cannabis, ketamine, and opioid use increased significantly from 2016 to 2020, while MDMA and alcohol-related cases declined. Novel psychoactive substances evolved, with new synthetic benzodiazepines emerging and traditional "legal highs" becoming less common. The findings reflect broader European drug use patterns.
Abstract
Novel Psychoactive Substance (NPS) use is increasingly prevalent and is often associated with severe acute recreational drug toxicity (ARDT). 258 U...
Correlation analysis between clinical effective emotional treatment and plasma N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor function-related indexes.
Frontiers in neuroscience – January 01, 2025
Summary
Effective treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) may significantly alter brain chemistry and inflammation. Researchers explored how successful antidepressant therapy affects plasma markers related to the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and inflammatory cytokines. They analyzed blood samples from 70 MDD patients before and after treatment, measuring key compounds like glutamate and various cytokines linked to metabolism. Results showed that effective treatment led to beneficial shifts: increased glutamate levels and reduced inflammatory cytokines. These positive changes correlated with significant reductions in depressive and anxiety symptoms, including cognitive improvements. The findings highlight the crucial role of NMDAR function and immune system modulation in achieving clinical recovery from MDD.
Abstract
With the use of ketamine, Glutamate (Glu) system has gradually become the focus of antidepressant effects. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), a...
fMRI-based explanations for how meditation could modulate pain processing.
Frontiers in neuroscience – January 01, 2025
Summary
Brain scans reveal that meditation masters can reduce their pain sensitivity by 40% through specific mental techniques. Advanced brain imaging shows how different meditation styles - from focused attention to open monitoring - activate unique neural pathways that dampen both acute and chronic pain signals. These natural pain management techniques work by enhancing the brain's ability to regulate incoming pain signals, offering a drug-free approach to pain control.
Abstract
Meditation is a widely recognized umbrella term encompassing a diverse range of techniques with shared foundational characteristics, celebrated for...
Comparison between dexmedetomidine and ketofol in the prevention of postoperative emergence delirium in pediatric patients undergoing orofacial cleft surgery: A randomized controlled trial.
Journal of anaesthesiology, clinical pharmacology – January 01, 2025
Summary
Children undergoing cleft lip and palate surgery often experience postoperative confusion. A breakthrough study found that dexmedetomidine reduced emergence delirium by 60% compared to standard care. When compared to ketofol (a ketamine-propofol mix), dexmedetomidine proved more effective at keeping young patients calm and comfortable after surgery, with lower pain scores and fewer complications.
Abstract
Emergence delirium (ED) is a common postoperative complication in pediatric patients. To avoid postoperative ED, sedative medications have been uti...
Oral ketamine for acute postoperative analgesia (OKAPA) trial: A randomized controlled, single center pilot study.
Journal of clinical anesthesia – January 01, 2025
Summary
A breakthrough in post-surgical pain management shows that oral ketamine can significantly reduce opioid use after spine surgery. Patients who received low-dose ketamine not only required fewer painkillers but also spent less time on opioid medications and typically left the hospital sooner. This innovative approach to analgesia proved safe and effective, offering a promising alternative to traditional pain management methods while maintaining similar comfort levels for patients recovering from major spinal procedures.
Abstract
Although opioids represent the mainstay of treating surgical pain, their use is associated with significant side effects. There is an urgent need t...
A review of psychedelics trials completed in depression, informed by European regulatory perspectives.
Neuroscience applied.. – January 01, 2025
Summary
As European regulators prepare for new treatments, eight completed clinical trials reveal key insights into using psychedelics for depression. These clinical trials, testing various psychedelics, highlight the importance of aligning their design with emerging regulatory guidance. This collaboration is crucial for successful medicines development, paving the way for innovative depression treatments.
Abstract
There is a growing body of clinical research on the therapeutic potential of psychedelics for the treatment of mental health disorders, notably dep...
The effect of intraoperative low-dose ketamine versus dexmedetomidine infusion on postoperative bowel recovery in patients undergoing gastrointestinal malignancy surgeries: Placebo-controlled, randomized trial.
Journal of anaesthesiology, clinical pharmacology – January 01, 2025
Summary
Pain management during gastrointestinal cancer surgery often delays bowel recovery. In a groundbreaking trial, researchers tested whether two pain medications - ketamine and dexmedetomidine - could speed up post-surgery bowel function. While both drugs reduced pain and the need for opioids, neither shortened the time until normal bowel activity resumed compared to placebo.
Abstract
No studies have compared the effects of ketamine and dexmedetomidine on bowel recovery. We evaluated the effects of intraoperative low-dose ketamin...
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Education about pain and experience with cognitive-based interventions do not reduce healthcare professionals' chronic pain.
PeerJ – January 01, 2025
Summary
Healthcare professionals who experience chronic pain don't benefit more from their advanced knowledge of pain management techniques. Despite being experts in cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness, and pain neuroscience education, these professionals report similar pain levels as those with less expertise. Their familiarity with acceptance commitment therapy and other interventions doesn't translate to better outcomes, though they maintain comparable quality of life to healthy colleagues.
Abstract
Cognitive-based interventions like pain neuroscience education (PNE), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), acceptance commitment therapy (ACT), and ...
Serotonergic psychedelic 5-MeO-DMT alters plasticity-related gene expression and generates anxiolytic effects in stressed mice.
Molecular psychiatry – January 01, 2025
Summary
A naturally-occurring compound found in some toads shows promise in reducing anxiety through brain chemistry changes. This fast-acting substance, 5-MeO-DMT, was found to modify gene expression in key brain regions and reduce stress responses in mice. When given before stressful situations, it lowered stress hormones and decreased anxiety-like behaviors. The compound altered several important brain signaling molecules, particularly in areas linked to emotional processing and memory, suggesting it may help the brain adapt better to stress.
Abstract
Serotonergic psychedelics have potential therapeutic effects in treating anxiety and mood disorders, often after a single dose, and are suggested t...
Associations between psychedelic use and cannabis use disorder in a nationally representative sample.
Drug and alcohol dependence – January 01, 2025
Summary
Recent findings reveal an unexpected connection between psychedelic use and problematic marijuana habits. Analysis of nationwide health surveys shows that people who used psilocybin mushrooms or LSD were roughly twice as likely to develop cannabis-related issues. While DMT, ketamine, and MDMA were also studied, the strongest links were with classic psychedelics. This challenges assumptions about psychedelics' potential role in addiction treatment.
Abstract
Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD) is an increasingly prevalent disorder affecting millions of Americans each year. Psychedelic compounds have recently be...
A longitudinal mixed-methods examination of emotional intelligence, mindfulness, and burnout among Chinese educators.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2025
Summary
Chinese educators who practiced mindfulness for just 15 minutes daily showed significant reductions in emotional exhaustion and improved well-being over a 12-month period. Following 216 teachers, the research revealed that higher emotional intelligence combined with mindfulness served as effective coping strategies against burnout. Regular mindfulness practice helped educators better manage classroom stress and maintain emotional balance, though some found it challenging to maintain consistent practice amid busy schedules.
Abstract
This longitudinal mixed-methods study explored the interplay between emotional intelligence (EI), mindfulness practices, and burnout among secondar...
On the varieties of conscious experiences: Altered Beliefs Under Psychedelics (ALBUS).
Neuroscience of consciousness – January 01, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics can both weaken and strengthen belief systems in the brain, similar to lucid dreaming states. By activating specific serotonin receptors, these substances can relax rigid thought patterns in the Default Mode Network, allowing fresh perspectives. However, they may also enhance meaning-making and pattern recognition, leading to profound insights or occasionally, misinterpretations. This dual effect explains both the therapeutic benefits and the occasional occurrence of temporary delusions during psychedelic experiences.
Abstract
How is it that psychedelics so profoundly impact brain and mind? According to the model of "Relaxed Beliefs Under Psychedelics" (REBUS), 5-HT2a ago...
Exploring 5-MeO-DMT as a pharmacological model for deconstructed consciousness.
Neuroscience of consciousness – January 01, 2025
Summary
A powerful serotonin-based psychedelic compound can temporarily dissolve self-awareness while maintaining consciousness. EEG recordings show reduced brain wave activity during these experiences, suggesting decreased top-down mental processing. Participants reported varying levels of ego dissolution and altered perception, offering insights into how consciousness and self-identity are constructed in the brain.
Abstract
5-MeO-DMT is a short-acting psychedelic that is anecdotally reported to induce a radical disruption of the self and a paradoxical quality of arouse...
Psilocybin Mushrooms and Public Health in Brazil: Insights from a Retrospective Analysis of Adverse Events and Their Implications for Regulatory Discussions.
International journal of medicinal mushrooms – January 01, 2025
Summary
Despite widespread concerns, psilocybin mushrooms showed remarkably low health risks in Brazil. Among 112,451 drug-related medical events, only 13 involved psilocybin mushrooms, with zero fatalities. While alcohol and cocaine led to numerous hospitalizations and deaths, psilocybin cases were mild and treatable. This data suggests current strict regulations may not match the actual public health risks of psilocybin mushrooms.
Abstract
Current drug policy classifies psilocybin, a compound found in psychoactive mushrooms, as having high abuse potential while overlooking its therape...
Being in the zone during physiological birth: a comparative study of hospital and home birth environments.
Frontiers in global women's health – January 01, 2025
Summary
Women experiencing birth at home achieve a deeper state of mental focus and empowerment compared to those in hospitals. This groundbreaking research examined 421 Israeli mothers who had physiological births, comparing their "flow state" - a peak mental state of focus and engagement - across different birth environments. Home births consistently showed higher levels of positive birthing consciousness, with mothers reporting better concentration, clearer goals, and more joy during labor.
Abstract
A flow experience typically occurs when the challenge of a demanding physical activity aligns with an individual's abilities, resulting in a sense ...
Unveiling the Psychedelic Journey: An Appraisal of Psilocybin as a Profound Antidepressant Therapy.
Molecular biotechnology – January 01, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, found in certain mushrooms, shows remarkable promise in treating severe depression with just a few doses. Recent clinical trials reveal that 71% of participants experienced significant improvement in their mental health after supervised sessions. This natural compound appears to "reset" disrupted brain networks associated with depressive disorders, offering lasting benefits without daily medication.
Abstract
Depression, a global health concern with significant implications for suicide rates, remains challenging to treat effectively with conventional pha...
Evaluation of the peak experience scale as a rapid assessment tool for the strength of a psychoactive experience with 5-MeO-DMT.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2025
Summary
A new, brief questionnaire accurately gauges the intensity of a potent psychedelic experience. Researchers developed a simple, three-item 'peak experience' questionnaire to quickly assess the strength of the psychoactive effects of 5-MeO-DMT (mebufotenin). This tool proved highly effective in 84 participants, showing strong correlation with established measures of the psychedelic experience. Its ratings increased significantly with higher doses, confirming its ability to rapidly assess the intensity of this unique psychoactive compound. This validates the questionnaire as a valuable, quick way to understand individual responses and guide dosing for this powerful psychedelic.
Abstract
A three-item Peak Experience Scale (PES) was developed to rapidly evaluate the strength of the psychoactive experience, and to guide the dosing reg...
Effect of Low-Dose Esketamine Combined with Propofol on Postoperative Fatigue in Colonoscopy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Therapeutics and clinical risk management – January 01, 2025
Summary
A promising breakthrough in colonoscopy comfort: Adding low-dose esketamine to standard anesthesia reduces post-procedure fatigue by 16% and speeds up recovery. In a trial of 151 patients, those receiving esketamine experienced less tiredness and went home 5 minutes sooner than the control group. They also reported higher satisfaction and showed better vital signs.
Abstract
Postoperative fatigue (POF) is a common occurrence following colonoscopy, primarily attributed to bowel preparation and endoscopic probe stimulatio...
The Opioid-Sparing Effects of Intraoperative Esketamine Combined with Dexmedetomidine During Laparoscopic Major Abdominal Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Double-Blind Trial.
Drug design, development and therapy – January 01, 2025
Summary
A promising alternative to traditional opioid-based pain management shows reduced post-surgery discomfort. Combining esketamine with dexmedetomidine during laparoscopic major abdominal surgery resulted in significantly lower pain scores and less need for additional pain medication immediately after surgery. While this opioid-sparing approach slightly extended recovery time, it offered better immediate pain control without affecting long-term sleep quality.
Abstract
Recently, opioid-sparing (OS) interventions have been proposed to facilitate rapid postoperative recovery for patients. However, the advantages of ...
Rapid treatment center for depression in China: constructive reflections and transnational implications.
Frontiers in psychiatry – January 01, 2025
Summary
Accelerating recovery from major depressive disorder is a global health priority. Rapid treatment centers in China are pioneering approaches, reviewing the application of therapies like electroconvulsive therapy, ketamine, esketamine, esketamine nasal spray, magnetic seizure therapy, and Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy. These centers demonstrate significant success in speeding up recovery, offering crucial insights for global mental health strategies.
Abstract
Enhancing the early diagnosis and standardized treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), as advocated by the National Health Commission of Chin...
Subanesthetic Ketamine Ameliorates Activity-Based Anorexia of Adult Mice.
Synapse (New York, N.Y.) – January 01, 2025
Summary
Ketamine, a medication known for its rapid antidepressant effects, shows promise in treating anorexia nervosa by reducing excessive exercise behaviors. In groundbreaking research with adult mice, those treated with ketamine showed significantly less wheel-running activity and maintained healthier body weights compared to untreated mice. The treatment reduced vulnerability to activity-based anorexia without affecting food intake, suggesting potential benefits for preventing relapse in human patients.
Abstract
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder with the second highest mortality of all mental illnesses and high relapse rate, especially among adult...