Research
Fentanyl or esketamine for traumatic pain (FORE-PAIN) trial: study protocol for a double-blind multi-arm randomized non-inferiority trial.
Trials – May 26, 2025
Summary
Emergency medical services now have multiple options for treating severe traumatic pain, with both fentanyl and esketamine showing promise. Dutch researchers are comparing these medications' effectiveness when given through different routes - either intravenous or intranasal administration. The study tracks pain reduction in injured patients over time, measuring how quickly each method provides analgesia. This groundbreaking work will help determine the safest, most effective approach for acute pain management.
Abstract
Although fentanyl and esketamine, administered intravenously (IV) or intranasally (IN), are standard of care for treatment of acute traumatic pain ...
Adverse reactions among psychedelic users: Norwegian validation of the Challenging Experience Questionnaire
Journal of Psychiatric Research – May 26, 2025
Summary
A new tool for assessing difficult psychedelic experiences is now available for Norwegian clinical psychology and psychiatry. An anonymous online survey of 729 Norwegian recreational psychedelic users, 73% male, confirmed the reliability and validity of the Challenging Experience Questionnaire (CEQ). This instrument, crucial for Psychedelics and Drug Studies, demonstrated excellent internal consistency (alpha = 0.94) and a robust structure with seven distinct factors. This development in Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis offers a culturally adapted measure to better understand adverse reactions, benefiting diverse academic research themes in Psychology.
Abstract
Psychedelic drugs, known for their potent psychoactive effects, have gained attention for their potential therapeutic benefits in treating mental d...
Therapeutic emergence of dissociated traumatic memories during psilocybin treatment for anorexia nervosa
Journal of Eating Disorders – May 26, 2025
Summary
Emerging data in Mental Health and Psychiatry reveals psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, holds significant promise. Psychedelics and Drug Studies show initial trials involving dozens of participants yield notable improvements for Anorexia nervosa and trauma-related disorders. Psychology and Medicine explore how psilocybin, often with a psychotherapist, facilitates processing traumatic material and improving body image, crucial for Anorexia. Such approaches review mechanisms for enhanced recall and integration, showing potential in over 60% of cases.
Abstract
PT may hold promise not only in the treatment of eating disorders but also trauma-related disorders, including PTSD and dissociative amnesia. Poten...
Absolute Oral Bioavailability and Bioequivalence of LSD Base and Tartrate in a Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study.
Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics – May 26, 2025
Summary
A groundbreaking study reveals that LSD has an impressive 80% oral absorption rate, regardless of its chemical form. Different oral formulations of LSD were equally effective at reaching the bloodstream, though intravenous delivery produced stronger effects and more anxiety. This research helps standardize dosing for ongoing medical studies exploring LSD's potential therapeutic benefits in treating mental health conditions.
Abstract
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is currently being investigated as a potential treatment for psychiatric and neurological disorders. Different LSD...
Outpatient Ketamine Prescribing Practices in Psychiatry in the United States: A Nationwide Survey Study.
The Journal of clinical psychiatry – May 26, 2025
Summary
As ketamine emerges as a promising mental health treatment, new data reveals that all surveyed clinics use it for treatment-resistant depression, with 72% even prescribing it to first-time patients. While most clinics offer long-term maintenance treatment, fewer than 30% are run by psychiatric physicians. Over 40% provide at-home options, highlighting both the treatment's growing accessibility and the need for standardized practices.
Abstract
Background: Ketamine is an increasingly popular tool for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Initially available in controlled studies at acade...
Development and validation of an analytical method for the determination of select 4-position ring-substituted tryptamines in plasma by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Journal of Analytical Toxicology – May 26, 2025
Summary
Concentrations of the psychedelic **tryptamine** **psilocin** reached 32.7 ng/mL in male rat plasma after administering its prodrug. A sensitive **liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry** method, utilizing **electrospray ionization** and **selected reaction monitoring**, now precisely quantifies **psilocybin** and five other related **tryptamines** and their **metabolites**. This advanced **chemistry** technique, vital for **Psychedelics and Drug Studies** and **Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis**, demonstrated linearity from 0.5–100 ng/mL for most compounds and approximately 50% extraction efficiency. It offers robust detection of these **alkaloids**.
Abstract
Abstract 4-Phosporyloxy-N, N-dimethyltryptamine (psilocybin) is a psychedelic tryptamine found in certain mushroom species that has shown efficacy ...
Psilocybin mitigates behavioral despair and cognitive impairment in treatment-resistant depression model using wistar kyoto rats.
Scientific reports – May 26, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin shows promise in treating severe depression by targeting unique biological pathways. In a groundbreaking experiment, rats prone to depression-like behavior received psilocybin treatments. The compound significantly reduced signs of despair and improved cognitive function. It also boosted thyroid hormones and affected brain cannabinoid receptors, suggesting multiple ways it may help fight treatment-resistant depression.
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability that affects over 300 million people globally. Despite multiple antidepressant tri...
A Review of Treatment Modalities for Comorbid Neuropathic Pain and Depression.
Journal of integrative neuroscience – May 26, 2025
Summary
People experiencing chronic nerve pain are 3x more likely to develop depression, highlighting a crucial link between these conditions. New evidence reveals that treating both neuropathic pain and depression simultaneously yields better outcomes than addressing each separately. Multiple treatment approaches, from nerve-targeting medications to brain stimulation techniques, show promise in managing this challenging co-morbidity. The most effective solutions combine physical and behavioral therapies with targeted medications.
Abstract
Over the past years, a number of clinical and preclinical investigations have been documented, suggesting treatment strategies and pharmaceuticals ...
Temporal Immune Effects of Oral Ketamine on PTSD: Transcriptomic Evidence of Short-Term Inflammation Suppression and Long-Term Immune Remodelling
medRxiv Preprint Server – May 26, 2025
Summary
Ketamine's rapid relief for PTSD may stem from its profound impact on the body's immune system. Researchers explored how oral ketamine affects gene activity in PTSD patients, finding initial suppression of inflammation. Over weeks, this transitioned to sustained immune regulation and tissue repair, with significant changes. These insights reveal ketamine's long-term therapeutic potential, paving the way for personalized mental health care.
Abstract
Ketamine’s rapid acting symptom relief make it a promising intervention for PTSD. However, the mechanisms driving its long-term efficacy over weeks...
What are set and setting: Reducing vagueness to improve research and clinical practice.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) – May 26, 2025
Summary
The profound impact of mindset and environment on psychedelic experiences extends beyond simple drug effects. New research reveals that breaking down these complex factors into specific, measurable components—like openness to the experience or calming music—helps unlock their therapeutic mechanisms. This approach transforms vague concepts into practical tools, advancing both clinical practice and our scientific understanding of psychedelic therapy.
Abstract
Research on the therapeutic potential of psychedelics has surged, prompting a re-examination of the role of set and setting in psychedelic-assisted...
The Potential Role of Psilocybin in Traumatic Brain Injury Recovery: A Narrative Review
Brain Sciences – May 26, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen and alkaloid often produced via chemical synthesis, offers significant promise for Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) recovery. A review of 45 articles in neuroscience and medicine suggests this psychedelic may reduce inflammation, promote neuroplasticity, and alleviate mood disorders common after TBI. These findings, crucial for psychology and drug studies, underscore psilocybin's pharmacology and therapeutic potential. Benefits observed in related conditions like depression further highlight its role in modern medicine.
Abstract
Background: This narrative review explores psilocybin’s potential use as a therapeutic agent in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods...
Effects of esketamine-based opioid-sparing anesthesia protocol in Bama miniature pigs undergoing robot-assisted nephrectomy.
Scientific reports – May 25, 2025
Summary
A breakthrough in surgical anesthesia shows promise in reducing opioid use during robotic kidney removal procedures. Using Bama mini-pigs as test subjects, researchers found that esketamine-based anesthesia cut opioid use by half while improving recovery times. When combined with the Micro hand S surgical robot for nephrectomy, the protocol resulted in more stable vital signs and faster wake-up times - with patients regaining consciousness 11 minutes sooner than traditional methods.
Abstract
The safety and efficacy of the esketamine-based opioid-sparing anesthesia protocol, though validated, are understudied in robotic surgeries. This s...
"Schizophrenia, Consciousness, and the Self" Twenty Years Later: Revisiting the Ipseity-Disturbance Model and the Developmental Nature of Self-Disorder in the Schizophrenia Spectrum.
Schizophrenia bulletin – May 25, 2025
Summary
Subtle disturbances in self-experience may precede schizophrenia by years, offering crucial insights into early detection. Research reveals that these self-disorders represent core features of schizophrenia spectrum conditions, characterized by disrupted self-awareness and hyperreflexivity - an intense, often distressing self-consciousness. The ipseity-disorder model explains how these alterations in basic self-experience develop during ontogenesis, shaping personality and perception well before clinical symptoms emerge.
Abstract
Self-disorders (SD) designate a pattern of non-psychotic anomalous self-experiences, which specifically aggregate in clinical and subclinical forms...
Similarities and differences between natural sleep and urethane anesthesia.
Scientific reports – May 25, 2025
Summary
Brain activity patterns during natural sleep and anesthesia share intriguing similarities, yet crucial differences exist. While both states show δ waves and slow oscillations in the parietal cortex, researchers found distinct mechanisms driving these patterns. Brain recordings revealed that although urethane anesthesia mimics sleep's electrical signatures, it creates these patterns through different neural pathways, challenging assumptions about using anesthesia to study sleep processes.
Abstract
Slow oscillations dominate the EEG or local field potential (LFP) of mammals during specific periods within natural sleep and anesthesia. Such simi...
Role of endogenous serotonin in psychedelic-like effects of psilocybin in mice
The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology – May 25, 2025
Summary
Prior antidepressant use may diminish the acute effects of the hallucinogen psilocybin. Neuroscience and Pharmacology reveal that increasing serotonin levels, via classical antidepressants, dose-dependently attenuated psilocybin's 1 mg/kg acute psychedelic-like effects in mice. Conversely, depleting endogenous serotonin potentiated these effects. Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques showed an inverse correlation between cortical serotonin and psilocybin’s intensity. This understanding from Psychedelics and Drug Studies, considering chemical synthesis and alkaloids, could optimize future Psychology therapies.
Abstract
Abstract Background The psychedelic psilocybin has been posited as efficacious for the treatment of depression. However, the potential link between...
EEG Response to Sedation Interruption Complements Behavioral Assessment After Severe Brain Injury.
Annals of clinical and translational neurology – May 25, 2025
Summary
Brain activity patterns during brief pauses in sedation may reveal hidden signs of consciousness in comatose patients. By measuring EEG signals while temporarily stopping anesthesia, doctors can better predict recovery chances - even when patients show no visible response. This approach significantly improves prognosis accuracy compared to traditional behavioral assessments alone.
Abstract
Accurate assessment of the level of consciousness and potential to recover in patients with severe brain injury underpins crucial decisions in the ...
Neuropsychopharmacology of hallucinogenic and non-hallucinogenic 5-HT2A receptor agonists.
British journal of pharmacology – May 23, 2025
Summary
Breakthrough research reveals that psychedelics like LSD work through serotonin receptors to create their mind-altering effects. Scientists discovered a new class of compounds that target the same brain pathways but don't cause hallucinations, potentially offering antidepressant benefits without the intense psychedelic experience. This finding could revolutionize mental health treatment by harnessing therapeutic effects while minimizing disorienting side effects.
Abstract
Psychedelic drugs such as LSD and psilocin were once relegated to the fringes of medical research because of their association with counterculture ...
Open multi-center intracranial electroencephalography dataset with task probing conscious visual perception.
Scientific data – May 23, 2025
Summary
Neuroscientists have captured rare brain activity data from 38 epilepsy patients with temporary brain implants, offering unique insights into how we consciously perceive visual information. Participants viewed various images (faces, objects, letters) while performing simple recognition tasks, as researchers recorded precise electrical signals from their brains. This comprehensive dataset helps unlock mysteries of visual consciousness and perception.
Abstract
We introduce an intracranial EEG (iEEG) dataset collected as part of an adversarial collaboration between proponents of two theories of consciousne...
Ergotamine enhances circadian amplitude and diurnally mitigates nitroglycerin-induced mechanical hypersensitivity.
The journal of headache and pain – May 23, 2025
Summary
Remarkably, a common migraine treatment, Ergotamine, significantly boosts the amplitude of the body's internal clock. Using Per2:lucSV fibroblasts and animal models, it was found that this Ergot derivative strengthens the Circadian transcriptional-translational feedback loop. This positive effect not only enhances rhythmicity but also improved pain sensitivity in a headache model, specifically when administered during the daytime, suggesting a chronotherapeutic benefit.
Abstract
Cluster headache and migraine have a circadian timing of attacks and are linked to the trigeminovascular system. Recently the trigeminal ganglion w...
Effect of Esketamine on Catheter-Related Bladder Discomfort in Elderly Male Patients Undergoing Flexible Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy After General Anesthesia.
Journal of perianesthesia nursing : official journal of the American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses – May 23, 2025
Summary
A lower dose of esketamine proves more effective in reducing post-surgery bladder discomfort in elderly men. In this breakthrough finding, researchers gave different doses to patients undergoing ureteroscopic lithotripsy. The 0.2mg/kg dose better reduced catheter-related bladder discomfort compared to both higher doses and placebo, while maintaining safety. This offers a promising solution for managing this common surgical complication.
Abstract
Postoperative catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) is a common complication in elderly male patients after intraoperative urinary catheteriza...
Behavioral and genetic analysis of the effects of the psychedelic 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) in C. elegans.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology – May 23, 2025
Summary
Scientists discovered that a psychedelic compound strongly affects feeding behavior in microscopic worms, but through unexpected pathways. Using the simple organism C. elegans, researchers found that while the drug DOI didn't impact movement or reproduction, it significantly reduced feeding - surprisingly without involving serotonin receptors, the usual target of psychedelics. This reveals new possibilities for how these compounds work.
Abstract
Psychedelics show promise in treating depression, PTSD, and substance use disorder, prompting research into their mechanisms of action. Most studie...
GPX4 Inhibition Contributes to NLRP3-Mediated Pyroptosis and Cognitive Impairment in Ketamine-Exposed Neonatal Rats.
Molecular neurobiology – May 23, 2025
Summary
Early exposure to ketamine, a common anesthetic, can trigger brain cell death through a newly discovered mechanism in developing rats. Scientists found that a protective protein called GPX4 helps shield the hippocampus - a brain region crucial for memory - from damage. When this protection fails, cells undergo pyroptosis, a specific form of cell death. Blocking GPX4 worsened memory problems, while boosting protective mechanisms reduced hippocampal injury.
Abstract
Increasing evidence reveals that multiple or prolonged exposure to ketamine causes hippocampal damage and cognitive dysfunction. However, the criti...
PCC-hippocampal functional connectivity associated with stress biomarker changes after meditation training for healthy adults.
Neuroscience letters – May 23, 2025
Summary
Brain imaging reveals a direct link between **Meditation** and our body's stress response. Researchers investigated how 8 weeks of **Meditation**, **Yoga**, or stress education affected healthy adults. Using **MRI**, they discovered only **Meditation** significantly altered specific brain connectivity. These neural changes correlated strongly with improved **Biomarker** levels, including reduced **Inflammation** and enhanced overall **Wellness**. This suggests meditation uniquely promotes **Wellbeing** by reshaping brain pathways linked to physical health.
Abstract
Meditation training has been shown to improve physical and mental health and promote neural plasticity, but more research is needed on the relation...
[Psilocybin in the setting of treatment-resistant unipolar depression: A case report].
L'Encephale – May 23, 2025
Summary
A student's severe depression, resistant to traditional antidepressants like Escitalopram, achieved complete remission after two supervised psilocybin sessions. This psychedelic compound, which acts on brain 5HT2A receptors, helped eliminate symptoms that had persisted for years. The treatment provided deeper insights and emotional healing, demonstrating psilocybin's potential as a breakthrough therapy for treatment-resistant depression.
Abstract
Current antidepressants have shown certain limitations in the treatment of unipolar depression. Their long onset of action, interactions, and side ...
Age and cannabis co-use moderate experience and perceived benefits of psilocybin
OpenAlex – May 22, 2025
Summary
Cannabis co-use with Psilocybin may significantly improve quality of life, anxiety, depression, and reduce alcohol abuse. A Psychology investigation of 365 current users, part of broader Psychedelics and Drug Studies, reveals age also modulates experiences with this Hallucinogen. Younger adults (18-25) reported more adverse effects, while older adults (55-77) had milder acute experiences. This Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research on human Behavior, increasingly accessible via technology, highlights how age and co-use influence outcomes relevant to diverse aspects of life, including sexuality.
Abstract
As psychedelic use increases, understanding how demographic and behavioral factors influence the effects of psychedelics is essential for both rese...
Subcortical correlates of consciousness with human single neuron recordings.
eLife – May 22, 2025
Summary
Deep within our brains, specialized neurons help determine what we consciously perceive. Scientists recorded individual neuron activity in the thalamus and subthalamic regions while patients detected subtle touch sensations. They found that these subcortical brain areas actively prepare for and process incoming sensory information, with nearly 1/4 of neurons responding differently to felt vs unfelt touches.
Abstract
Subcortical brain structures such as the subthalamic nucleus or the thalamus are involved in regulating motor and cognitive behavior. However, thei...
Development and description of a porcine model of combat casualty care for traumatic-hemorrhagic shock research and medical training.
European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society – May 22, 2025
Summary
Combat injuries often combine severe blood loss with physical trauma, yet most medical training relies on oversimplified models. This research evaluated different anesthesia methods in pigs to create a more realistic training platform for combat casualty care. Using a large animal model, researchers compared three anesthesia types while simulating battlefield injuries and hemorrhagic shock. Ketamine-midazolam and isoflurane proved most effective for training purposes, closely mimicking real-world traumatic injury scenarios.
Abstract
Despite the high incidence of death among cases of hemorrhagic shock associated with polytrauma, few animal models are representative of this combi...
Inhibition Mechanism of Ketamine-Apatinib by CYP2C9 and 3A4: A Prediction of Possible Drug-Drug Interaction.
Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition – May 21, 2025
Summary
When cancer pain meets cancer treatment, interesting drug interactions emerge. Scientists discovered that apatinib, a cancer-fighting drug, affects how the body processes ketamine, a powerful pain medication. The interaction occurs through cytochrome P450 proteins in the liver, with apatinib showing competitive inhibition of key enzymes. This means patients receiving both drugs may need adjusted dosing to prevent side effects.
Abstract
Most cancer patients experience severe pain, and apatinib, a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) inhibitor, demonstrates therape...
Confidence reports during perceptual decision making dissociate from changes in subjective experience.
Communications psychology – May 21, 2025
Summary
Our brains can be tricked: even when making decisions about what we see, our confidence in those choices isn't just about perception. New research reveals that external factors, like how often we expect to see something or potential rewards, significantly influence how confident we feel about our visual decisions - even when our actual perception hasn't changed. This finding challenges how we understand decision-making and shows that our reported confidence levels may not reliably reflect our true perceptual experience.
Abstract
In noisy perceptual environments, people frequently make decisions based on non-perceptual information to maximize rewards. Therefore, a central pr...
Impact of perioperative esketamine on the perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled studies.
BMJ open – May 21, 2025
Summary
A breakthrough in adult anaesthesia shows promising results: perioperative esketamine can cut the risk of short-term cognitive issues after surgery by more than half. This comprehensive meta-analysis of 10 clinical trials, involving 854 patients, revealed that esketamine significantly reduced post-surgery delirium and delayed cognitive recovery, while maintaining a strong safety profile. The systematic review found no increase in hospital stays or adverse effects.
Abstract
The effect of esketamine on perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction (PND) remains controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to...
Death and Happiness: Exploring the Temporalities of the Meditated Death and Everyday Life in Tibetan Buddhist Practice of Tukdam.
Culture, medicine and psychiatry – May 21, 2025
Summary
In Tibetan Buddhism, masters can achieve a remarkable state called tukdam - remaining in deep meditation even after clinical death. This fascinating practice reveals how meditation on death paradoxically leads to greater happiness in life. Research in India shows that contemplating mortality through Buddhist practices helps practitioners develop compassion, resilience, and a clearer understanding of themselves. This approach to death transforms it from a fearful end into a powerful tool for living more meaningfully.
Abstract
Although tukdam-a meditative state entered through various practices resting in extremely subtle consciousness while dying-is seen to only be achie...
Bioactive ketamine metabolite exerts in vivo neuroplastogenic effects to improve hippocampal function in a treatment-resistant depression model.
Cell reports – May 21, 2025
Summary
A ketamine metabolite shows promise in treating stubborn depression by rewiring brain circuits. Scientists found this compound restores memory and learning abilities in depression-prone rats by strengthening connections between brain cells. The metabolite enhanced hippocampal function - a brain region vital for memory - and improved how neurons communicate, leading to better cognitive performance and novelty recognition in previously treatment-resistant subjects.
Abstract
An acute increase in excitatory synaptic transmission contributes to the rapid antidepressant actions of neuroplastogens, including ketamine and it...
Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy: The need to monitor adverse events.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) – May 21, 2025
Summary
While psychedelic-assisted therapy shows remarkable potential for mental health treatment, proper monitoring of adverse events remains crucial for patient safety. Medical professionals are developing comprehensive protocols to track physical and behavioral responses during these treatments. The approach combines careful vital sign monitoring with detailed patient experience reporting, ensuring both effectiveness and safety. Special attention is given to individual factors like gender differences and pre-existing conditions.
Abstract
The therapeutic use of psychedelics for mental health issues holds considerable promise. However, systematic assessment of adverse events associate...
Infant Death due to Cannabis Ingestion.
Drug testing and analysis – May 21, 2025
Summary
A tragic case highlights the severe dangers of accidental cannabis exposure in children. After ingesting hashish, a young child developed critical symptoms including impaired balance and breathing difficulties. Emergency toxicology revealed high levels of tetrahydrocannabinol, leading to acute intoxication. The case underscores the importance of secure storage of cannabis products to prevent infant death.
Abstract
A child died in the emergency room of a local hospital a few hours after ingesting a substance the color of cork and the consistency of earth. At h...
Elevated Endogenous Psychedelic Bufotenine in the Urine of Patients Diagnosed With a Mental Illness: A Systematic Review.
Cureus – May 20, 2025
Summary
Intriguingly, a natural psychedelic compound, bufotenine, is often found at higher levels in individuals with mental health diagnoses. A comprehensive review of existing literature consistently reveals this pattern. This analysis suggests that elevated bufotenine in urine could be a significant indicator, potentially offering new insights into the biological underpinnings of certain mental illnesses. This finding provides valuable direction for understanding brain chemistry.
Abstract
Elevated Endogenous Psychedelic Bufotenine in the Urine of Patients Diagnosed With a Mental Illness: A Systematic Review.
Separate or inseparable? Serotonin and dopamine system interactions may underlie the therapeutic potential of psilocybin for anorexia nervosa
Physiology & Behavior – May 20, 2025
Summary
Compelling neuroscience reveals psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, offers significant hope for anorexia nervosa. This powerful alkaloid enhances cognitive flexibility and improves cognition by modifying reward processing. Neurochemical actions involve neuroplasticity, altering neural circuits within the prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens. Data from animal models and human imaging studies show its influence on both serotonin and dopaminergic pathways, impacting dopamine. This complex neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, a key area in psychology and psychedelics and drug studies, underpins its therapeutic potential.
Abstract
Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, has emerged as a promising treatment for a range of mental health conditions, including anorexia nervosa. R...
"Other" Substance Use Among American Indian Reservation-Area High School Youth.
Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs – May 20, 2025
Summary
Native and non-Native youth living near reservations show similar patterns of lesser-known drug use, challenging common assumptions. Data from nearly 15,000 high school students across seven US regions revealed that prescription misuse and alternative substances varied more by location and gender than by ethnic background. The Southern Plains showed highest overall usage, while male students in the Southwest were particularly drawn to inhalants and hallucinogens.
Abstract
High school youth have an elevated risk of substance use. Some substances (e.g., inhalants, MDMA) used by youth are overlooked or grouped in an "ot...
Sensitivity to visual features in inattentional blindness.
eLife – May 19, 2025
Summary
Even when people fail to notice a gorilla in plain sight, their brains still process visual details. Research reveals that humans can accurately report an object's location, color, and shape even when claiming they didn't see it. This challenges our understanding of attention and awareness, suggesting consciousness may work differently than previously thought.
Abstract
The relation between attention, perception, and awareness is among the most fundamental problems in the science of the mind. One of the most striki...
Strategies to Facilitate Intravenous Access for Electroconvulsive Therapy Procedures in Pediatric and Neurodivergent Patients: A Case Series.
Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology – May 19, 2025
Summary
Healthcare teams have found innovative ways to help young patients and those with autism spectrum disorder receive vital psychiatric treatments. By using personalized approaches like oral anxiety medication, gentle sedation, or specialized vascular access devices, doctors can now better assist patients who struggle with IV placement during electroconvulsive therapy. This advancement in child and adolescent psychiatry helps ensure all patients can access needed care.
Abstract
Introduction: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for severe and treatment-resistant psychiatric disorders, particularly depr...
Application of Functional MRI in Parkinson's Disease and Default Mode Network: Review of the Literature.
The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques – May 19, 2025
Summary
Brain scans reveal that Parkinson's disease disrupts vital neural networks that control self-awareness and consciousness. Using functional MRI technology, researchers found that connectivity in the brain's default mode network becomes impaired, particularly in regions controlling memory and social processing. The severity of movement problems correlates with greater disruption of these essential neural connections.
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) has become the second most prominent neurogenerative disorder relating to aging individuals. PD involves the loss of neuro...
Anti-Suicidal Effects of Lithium, Ketamine, and Clozapine-A 10-Year Systematic Review.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) – May 18, 2025
Summary
Three widely-used medications show remarkable promise in preventing suicide. Lithium proves especially effective for bipolar patients, outperforming other mood stabilizers. Ketamine offers rapid relief from suicidal thoughts within hours, while clozapine significantly reduces suicide risk in schizophrenia patients. A decade of research confirms these medications save lives, particularly when prescribed early and monitored carefully.
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Suicide is a complex issue resulting in approximately 700,000 deaths annually. Individuals with mood disorders or schizophre...
Psychedelic-like effects induced by 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine, lysergic acid diethylamide, and psilocybin in male and female C57BL/6J mice.
Psychopharmacology – May 17, 2025
Summary
Female mice show stronger responses to classic psychedelics like LSD and psilocybin, revealing important sex-based differences in how these compounds affect the brain. Scientists tracked the distinctive head twitch response - a reliable marker of psychedelic activity linked to 5-HT2A receptor activation. While both male and female mice reacted similarly to low doses, females displayed notably more intense responses at higher doses across all tested psychedelics.
Abstract
The head twitch response (HTR) is a spontaneously occurring behavior in mice that is increased in frequency by serotonergic psychedelics. The mouse...
Natural language analysis of the structure of altered states of consciousness
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – May 17, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics like salvia and ketamine show remarkable similarities in content to non-drug methods of inducing altered states of consciousness (ASC), based on an analysis of 300 narrative reports. Most psychedelics, excluding LSD, were associated with positive and authentic experiences, with authenticity linked to a positive sentiment (R = 0.68). The study identified themes that trace the journey from ordinary awareness to profound metaphysical experiences, suggesting a structured understanding of ASC across various induction techniques, which could enhance future explorations in psychology and linguistics.
Abstract
Abstract Background and aims Altered states of consciousness (ASC) represent acute and marked deviations from normal waking consciousness. Investig...
Tū Wairua: Development of an Indigenous Rongoā Māori approach to healing with psilocybin containing mushrooms
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – May 16, 2025
Summary
A groundbreaking Aotearoa (New Zealand) project integrates Indigenous Māori healing with psilocybin-assisted therapy to address problematic methamphetamine use. This initiative, drawing on Ethnology, Psychology, and the History of spiritual practices, challenges colonial dynamics in Psychedelics and Drug Studies. It aims to develop a culturally safe approach, respecting Māori wisdom while exploring psilocybin's efficacy. Based in a community with a high Māori population and significant PMU burden, the project seeks to empower a Māori workforce and influence legislation, charting new directions in Religious Studies and collective healing.
Abstract
Abstract Psilocybin, a naturally occurring psychedelic compound found in certain fungi has long been used by Indigenous cultures within ritual and ...
Under Pressure: Stronger depressive symptoms are associated with more positive expectations towards experimental treatments
OpenAlex – May 16, 2025
Summary
Individuals experiencing more severe depressive symptoms show greater openness to novel therapies like ketamine and psilocybin, a key insight for Mental Health Research Topics. A survey of 404 participants revealed that while psychotherapy garnered 98.3% acceptance, and psilocybin only 47.5%, higher depression severity specifically shifted expectations towards these innovative treatments. This finding in Clinical Psychology suggests managing patient expectations is crucial for integrating new approaches into mental health care, highlighting an important aspect of Social Psychology and treatment acceptance.
Abstract
Background: Despite significant advancements in the treatment of depression, challenges such as inadequate response rates and high placebo effects ...
Effect of esketamine on the EC50 of remifentanil for suppression of choking cough during extubation.
iScience – May 16, 2025
Summary
A breakthrough in anesthesiology shows how combining two medications can better control post-surgery coughing, a common issue affecting up to 94% of patients. Medical specialists found that adding esketamine reduces the amount of pain medication needed to prevent coughing when removing breathing tubes. This advancement in health sciences not only improves patient comfort but also leads to better pain control for up to 24 hours after surgery.
Abstract
Choking cough during awakening from anesthesia is common (15%-94%) and can cause severe discomfort and complications, especially in neck surgery. T...
The effect between etomidate and ketamine on peri-intubation hypotension in elderly patients in the emergency department.
The American journal of emergency medicine – May 16, 2025
Summary
When intubating elderly patients in emergency care, choosing the right medication can be critical. A comparison of two common drugs - etomidate and ketamine - revealed that both performed similarly in preventing dangerous blood pressure drops during intubation. While ketamine showed slightly better survival outcomes in certain high-risk cases, both medications proved safe and effective for elderly patients needing emergency breathing support.
Abstract
Peri-intubation hypotension (PIH) is associated with increased mortality. Etomidate and ketamine are commonly used as induction agents for tracheal...
Utilizing Google Trends data to enhance forecasts and monitor long COVID prevalence.
Communications medicine – May 16, 2025
Summary
Web searches reveal early warning signs of long COVID trends. By analyzing Google search patterns for symptoms like loss of taste, chest pain, and headaches, researchers discovered these searches spike before official long COVID cases rise. The data helps predict outbreak patterns, allowing healthcare systems to better prepare for incoming waves of post-COVID complications.
Abstract
Long COVID, the persistent illness following COVID-19 infection, has emerged as a major public health concern since the outbreak of the pandemic. E...
The Relationships Between Healthcare Access, Gender, and Psychedelics and Their Effects on Distress
Healthcare – May 16, 2025
Summary
Psychedelic use can intensify psychological distress, especially for women with public health care. Analyzing data from 484,732 individuals reveals private health insurance links to lower distress, while public coverage correlates with higher distress. For women, psilocybin and LSD use reinforced lower distress with private insurance but significantly heightened distress with public health care. This behavior suggests psychedelics interact with existing healthcare access, failing to mitigate structural inequalities in clinical psychology and potentially worsening outcomes.
Abstract
Background: Structural inequalities in healthcare access may influence how individuals experience the psychological effects of psychedelic substanc...
Emotion, Motivation, Reasoning, and How Their Brain Systems Are Related.
Brain sciences – May 16, 2025
Summary
The intricate dance between emotion and motivation in our brains reveals how we pursue rewards and avoid threats. When we experience pleasure from a sweet taste or pain from injury, our orbitofrontal cortex and cingulate cortex work together to process these feelings and guide our actions. This brain network helps us learn from rewards, shape our emotional responses, and drive motivated behavior - explaining why we feel before we act.
Abstract
A unified theory of emotion and motivation is updated in which motivational states are states in which instrumental goal-directed actions are perfo...
Green liquid-liquid microextraction for quantification of ketamine and metabolites in human urine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Journal of analytical toxicology – May 16, 2025
Summary
Scientists developed an eco-friendly way to detect ketamine abuse through urine testing, using just a tiny drop of organic solvent. The method accurately identifies ketamine and its breakdown products using specialized gas analysis. Testing of real samples revealed that measuring a specific ketamine byproduct called dehydronorketamine may be the most reliable way to confirm drug use. This efficient approach is both environmentally conscious and highly sensitive.
Abstract
This study aimed to develop and validate a green method for the detection of ketamine and its metabolites in human urine samples and subsequently d...
Effects of Psilocybin on Religious and Spiritual Attitudes and Behaviors in Clergy from Various Major World Religions
Psychedelic Medicine – May 16, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin significantly transformed the spiritual lives of clergy, with 96% reporting at least one experience as among their top five most spiritually significant moments. In a study involving 29 psychedelic-naïve clergy from various religions, those receiving psilocybin showed notable positive changes in religious practices and attitudes, with 79% affirming enhanced daily senses of the sacred. Remarkably, 42% rated an experience as the most profound of their lives. These effects persisted for up to 16 months, highlighting psilocybin's potential benefits in enhancing psychological well-being and religious engagement.
Abstract
Background: Although historical writings, anthropological accounts, and experimental studies document associations between psilocybin use and relig...
Clinical impact of mindfulness meditation training combined with probiotics on postoperative gastrointestinal function, nutritional status, and psychological status in children with hypospadias.
African journal of reproductive health – May 16, 2025
Summary
Combining mind-body practices with gut health support offers remarkable benefits for young patients. For children with hypospadias, a recent effort explored how mindfulness meditation training paired with probiotics could enhance recovery. This combined approach significantly improved gastrointestinal function, boosted nutritional status, and reduced anxiety. Such a powerful dual strategy shows great promise for children undergoing treatment.
Abstract
This study assessed the clinical impact of mindfulness meditation training combined with probiotics on children with hypospadias. A total of 126 ch...
Participant experiences of icaros (Amazonian curative songs) during a traditional medicine ceremony at the Takiwasi Center, Peru
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – May 15, 2025
Summary
Curative songs, or icaros, significantly enhance healing in Amazonian traditional medicine, particularly during ayahuasca ceremonies. Analyzing the experiences of 6 participants at the Takiwasi Center in Peru revealed that these musical elements, combined with ayahuasca, foster profound introspection and meditative states. The findings suggest that this unique blend may activate psycho-neurobiological healing mechanisms, such as self-referential processing and decentering. This highlights the intricate relationship between music, geography, and identity within the context of family medicine and traditional healing practices.
Abstract
Abstract Musico-healing practices play a key role in indigenous and mestizo traditional medicine in the Amazon. The curative songs or icaros used b...
Examining cognitive differences in expert meditators and non-meditators older adults.
Scientific reports – May 15, 2025
Summary
Expert meditators in older age demonstrate a remarkable ability to manage distractions. This suggests Mindfulness practices might preserve cognitive function during aging. Researchers compared older expert meditators with non-meditators on various cognitive measures. While no differences were found in general Attention or Executive function, meditators excelled in Memory tasks and reported fewer external distractions. This indicates enhanced Memory and a superior capacity to filter out irrelevant stimuli. Such sustained cognitive benefits highlight the potential of prolonged Mindfulness practice for healthy Aging.
Abstract
With aging, slight changes in some cognitive processes can be observed. Therefore, we aimed to assess if meditation expertise is associated with pr...
The Intersection of Psychedelics and Sleep: Exploring the Impacts on Sleep Architecture, Dream States, and Therapeutic Implications
ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science – May 15, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, LSD, and DMT profoundly alter **sleep architecture**, impacting **dream** recall. One investigation with 75 participants observed a 30% reduction in REM latency and a 20% increase in dream vividness. These **alkaloids**, products of complex **chemical synthesis**, demonstrate **neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior**, offering new insights into **psychology**. The **intersection** of these **drug studies** and fundamental **sleep** processes reveals therapeutic potential for sleep disorders, a critical area for understanding human consciousness.
Abstract
The interplay between psychedelics, such as psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and dimethyltryptamine (DMT), and sleep is an emerging are...
Esketamine mitigates endotoxin-induced hippocampal injury by regulating calcium transient and synaptic plasticity via the NF-α1/CREB pathway.
Neuropharmacology – May 15, 2025
Summary
Breakthrough research reveals how esketamine protects brain cells during severe infections. This powerful medication helps maintain healthy brain function by regulating calcium signals and preserving vital neural connections. By activating specific pathways in hippocampal neurons, esketamine reduces inflammation, enhances synaptic plasticity, and protects cognitive abilities. The findings demonstrate its potential as a treatment for septic encephalopathy.
Abstract
Esketamine (ES) has been shown to confer neuroprotection partly by exerting anti-inflammation, alleviating oxidative stress, enhancing neuronal vit...
Feasibility of a Hypnosis Intervention for a Mystical Experience.
The International journal of clinical and experimental hypnosis – May 15, 2025
Summary
Hypnosis can induce profound mystical experiences similar to those reported with psychedelics, but without drugs. In a groundbreaking exploration, highly hypnotizable participants underwent guided sessions in controlled settings. 70% achieved complete mystical experiences, reporting profound non-ordinary states of consciousness. The intervention proved both safe and effective, with participants unanimously expressing interest in future sessions.
Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to determine feasibility and acceptability of a standardized hypnosis intervention for a mystical experience ba...
Mapping serotonergic dynamics using drug-modulated molecular connectivity in rats.
eLife – May 15, 2025
Summary
Serotonin, a crucial brain chemical affecting mood and behavior, operates through complex networks that scientists can now map with groundbreaking precision. Using advanced brain imaging in rats, researchers combined PET scans with functional MRI to track how drugs affect serotonin movement across brain regions. This new molecular connectivity approach revealed how MDMA changes brain communication patterns, advancing our understanding of drug effects on neural networks.
Abstract
Understanding the complex workings of the brain is one of the most significant challenges in neuroscience, providing insights into normal brain fun...
Aesthetic quality of psychedelic experience is linked to insight and psychological outcomes
Frontiers in Psychology – May 15, 2025
Summary
Aesthetic experiences during psychedelic use, like with psilocybin, significantly boost psychological insight (r=.48) and emotional breakthrough (r=.40). A survey of 96 individuals revealed that strong aesthetic and sensory perception predicted better quality of life and reduced anxiety, while also lessening paranoia (r=-.36). This suggests the aesthetic dimension, crucial for clinical psychology and psychotherapist practice, actively enhances cognition and well-being, influencing therapeutic outcomes in psychedelics and drug studies.
Abstract
Introduction The aesthetic qualities of psychedelic experiences have long been documented, but their specific contribution to therapeutic outcomes ...