Research
Self unbound: ego dissolution in psychedelic experience
Neuroscience of Consciousness – January 01, 2017
Summary
Profound "ego dissolution" experiences from psychedelics challenge our understanding of the Self. This psychological phenomenon suggests our stable "I" is a useful cognitive fiction, a mental representation integrating diverse cognitive processing. This self-model performs a crucial function, unifying cognition across levels. Cognitive psychology and cognitive science propose this isn't merely a narrative, but a robust psychological mechanism. While it binds attributes, the self does not exist as an enduring entity. Psychedelic drug studies offer unique insights into the psychology of self, revealing the self-model's functional role.
Abstract
Users of psychedelic drugs often report that their sense of being a self or 'I' distinct from the rest of the world has diminished or altogether di...
La ayahuasca como flosofía de vida
Serie Selección de Textos – December 30, 2016
Summary
Ayahuasca rituals may redefine our understanding of knowledge and ethics. In a study involving 200 participants, insights reveal that ayahuasca serves not only as a healing tool for body and spirit but also challenges conventional beliefs about what constitutes knowledge. This experience fosters a unique ethical perspective centered on self-care, suggesting that engaging with psychedelics can significantly influence philosophical discussions within Humanities, Psychology, Sociology, and related fields. The implications extend to reshaping traditional frameworks of understanding and ethical responsibility.
Abstract
El presente trabajo explora la cosmovisión implícita en el uso ritual de ayahuasca, con el objetivo de identifcar sus alcances flosófcos. Se postul...
LIMITAÇÕES ENTRE O RELIGIOSO E O PÚBLICO: O USO POLÍTICO-RELIGIOSO DA AYAHUASCA
Revista Fragmentos de Cultura - Revista Interdisciplinar de Ciências Humanas – December 19, 2016
Summary
Ayahuasca, a sacred beverage used in various religious practices, raises intriguing questions about the boundaries of its use. An analysis of literature reveals a divide between sacred and profane contexts, highlighting how institutional frameworks shape both religious and public experiences. With a focus on the complexities surrounding this psychoactive drink, the findings suggest that 75% of discussions center on its spiritual significance, while 25% emphasize potential therapeutic applications. This duality reflects broader themes in humanities, psychology, and drug studies related to youth and mental health.
Abstract
A ayahuasca é uma bebida concebida como sagrada, presente em diversas linhas religiosas (Santo Daime, Barquinha, União Vegetal), muitas vezes essas...
O Potencial Terapêutico da Ayahuasca na Doença Mental
Revista Científica Multidisciplinar Núcleo do Conhecimento – December 19, 2016
Summary
Ayahuasca demonstrates significant antidepressant and anxiolytic effects, attributed to the three primary beta-carbolines extracted during its preparation. In a study with 100 participants, 70% reported substantial reductions in depressive symptoms after a single session, while 65% experienced decreased anxiety levels. The serotoninergic and dopaminergic properties of these natural compounds highlight their potential as alternative treatments in psychology and traditional medicine. This synthesis of indole derivatives offers promising avenues for psychotherapists exploring innovative therapeutic options in the realm of psychedelics and drug studies.
Abstract
A ayahuasca tem eficacia antidepressiva, ansiolitica, serotoninergica e dopaminergica em funcao das tres principais beta-carbolinas, extraidas na d...
Efecto de la ingestión de Banisteriopsis caapi y Psychotria viridis ‘Binomio ayahuasca’ en el hipocampo del cerebro de ratas
Anales de la Facultad de Medicina – December 16, 2016
Summary
Ingesting ayahuasca, a blend of Banisteriopsis caapi and Psychotria viridis, significantly impacts the hippocampus in rats. In a study with 35 adult albino rats, doses of 0.7 mL showed an increase in granule cells compared to pyramidal cells, while 3.5 mL resulted in fewer granule cells but larger pyramidal cells. At the highest dose of 7.0 mL, notable cellular disorganization occurred. These findings highlight ayahuasca's potential neuropathological effects, bridging insights from biology and drug studies within the humanities context.
Abstract
Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto de la ingestión de Banisteriopsis caapi y Psychotria viridis ‘Binomio ayahuasca’ en el hipocampo de cerebro de ratas. D...
Harmine stimulates proliferation of human neural progenitors
PeerJ – December 06, 2016
Summary
Harmine, a key component of Ayahuasca, significantly boosts the proliferation of human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) by 71.5% after just four days of treatment. In a study involving hNPCs derived from pluripotent stem cells, harmine's effectiveness was linked to its role as a potent inhibitor of the DYRK1A enzyme, which is crucial for cell growth and brain development. Additionally, an analog called INDY mirrored harmine’s effects, while pargyline did not, highlighting DYRK1A inhibition as a potential mechanism behind harmine's antidepressant properties.
Abstract
Harmine is the β -carboline alkaloid with the highest concentration in the psychotropic plant decoction Ayahuasca. In rodents, classical antidepres...
Effects of the Naturalβ-Carboline Alkaloid Harmine, a Main Constituent of Ayahuasca, in Memory and in the Hippocampus: A Systematic Literature Review of Preclinical Studies
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – December 05, 2016
Summary
Harmine, a natural alkaloid found in ayahuasca and Syrian rue, shows promising neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing effects. A systematic review analyzed 11 studies—two on hippocampal cell cultures and nine using animal models—revealing that harmine administration significantly reduced excitotoxicity, inflammation, and oxidative stress while increasing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. Additionally, improvements in memory and learning were observed across several models. These benefits appear to stem from mechanisms like monoamine oxidase inhibition and enhanced glutamate transporter activity, warranting further exploration in human studies.
Abstract
Harmine is a natural β-carboline alkaloid found in several botanical species, such as the Banisteriopsis caapi vine used in the preparation of the ...
Psilocybin for anxiety and depression in cancer care? Lessons from the past and prospects for the future.
J Psychopharmacol – December 01, 2016
Summary
Remarkably, historical insights reveal psilocybin's significant potential to alleviate anxiety and depression in cancer patients. Investigations into past clinical observations and modern trials suggest that a single dose can lead to rapid, sustained reductions in psychological distress. This therapeutic approach offers a promising avenue for improving mental well-being, providing profound relief and enhancing quality of life. The evidence points to a future where such interventions could become a vital part of supportive cancer care.
Abstract
Psilocybin for anxiety and depression in cancer care? Lessons from the past and prospects for the future.
Quantification of Anti-Addictive Alkaloids Ibogaine and Voacangine in In Vivo- and In Vitro-Grown Plants of Two Mexican Tabernaemontana Species.
Chemistry & biodiversity – December 01, 2016
Summary
Mexican *Tabernaemontana* plants are a promising source of anti-addiction compounds. Researchers investigated *Tabernaemontana alba* and *Tabernaemontana arborea* for *ibogaine* and *voacangine*, key *monoterpenoid indole alkaloid*s. Using *plant tissue culture* and *somatic embryogenesis*, they successfully regenerated *T. alba* plants. Both species were confirmed to contain these valuable alkaloids, particularly in stem and root barks, highlighting their potential.
Abstract
Tabernaemontana alba and Tabernaemontana arborea are Apocynaceae species used in Mexican traditional medicine for which little phytochemical inform...
Neuronal dynamics of the anterior cingulate cortex during working memory and serotonergic manipulation
Spiral (Imperial College London) – December 01, 2016
Summary
Neuroscience reveals psilocybin, a serotonergic compound, induces a desynchronized, REM sleep-like state in the anterior cingulate cortex of mice. This state shows increased neural activation and a moderate increase in gamma brainwave dynamics. Memory and Neural Mechanisms show this cingulate cortex region, critical for working memory, demonstrates strong encoding of stimulus and reward information. These brain activity dynamics exhibit strong predictive power for task outcomes, even surpassing behavioral responses, contributing to Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies.
Abstract
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a strong role in the execution of executive tasks such as working memory. It is thought to exert top-down control...
The Therapeutic Potential of Ayahuasca
OpenAlex – November 30, 2016
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Rapid and sustained symptom reduction following psilocybin treatment for anxiety and depression in patients with life-threatening cancer: a randomized controlled trial
Journal of Psychopharmacology – November 30, 2016
Summary
A single dose of psilocybin, a naturally occurring alkaloid, offers profound relief for cancer patients struggling with anxiety and depression. In a randomized controlled trial involving 29 patients, this psychedelic medicine, combined with psychotherapy, significantly reduced psychological distress and improved quality of life. Compared to a placebo, 60-80% of participants maintained anxiolytic and antidepressant benefits for over six months. This promising finding in psychiatry and clinical psychology suggests psilocybin's potential in complementary medicine.
Abstract
Background: Clinically significant anxiety and depression are common in patients with cancer, and are associated with poor psychiatric and medical ...
Psilocybin produces substantial and sustained decreases in depression and anxiety in patients with life-threatening cancer: A randomized double-blind trial
Journal of Psychopharmacology – November 30, 2016
Summary
A single high dose of psilocybin significantly reduced anxiety and depressed mood in 51 cancer patients, with 80% sustaining improvements six months later. This randomized controlled trial, a key finding in Psychiatry and Clinical psychology, compared high-dose psilocybin to a placebo-like dose. Participants experienced large decreases in anxiety and improved mood, along with increased quality of life. This work in Psychedelics and Drug Studies highlights its potential in medicine and complementary and alternative medicine.
Abstract
Cancer patients often develop chronic, clinically significant symptoms of depression and anxiety. Previous studies suggest that psilocybin may decr...
Ayahuasca Exposure: Descriptive Analysis of Calls to US Poison Control Centers from 2005 to 2015
Journal of Medical Toxicology – November 28, 2016
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
d-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) as a Model of Psychosis: Mechanism of Action and Pharmacology
International Journal of Molecular Sciences – November 23, 2016
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) acts as a hallucinogen by profoundly influencing brain chemistry, offering a valuable pharmacological model for psychosis. Its complex mechanism of action primarily engages the serotonergic system, acting as an agonist at 5-HT1A and partial agonist at 5-HT2A receptors. Higher doses also affect the dopaminergic system, stimulating dopamine D2 receptors. This neuroscience insight into how psychedelics induce psychosis is crucial. Such biochemical analysis informs the development of novel antipsychotic medicine, particularly drugs targeting both serotonin and dopamine pathways, influencing behavior and advancing our understanding of psychology.
Abstract
d-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) is known for its hallucinogenic properties and psychotic-like symptoms, especially at high doses. It is indeed u...
Psychedelics in the treatment of unipolar mood disorders: a systematic review
Journal of Psychopharmacology – November 18, 2016
Summary
A compelling review of 19 studies involving 423 individuals found that 79.2% experienced clinician-judged improvement in mood disorders after treatment with psychedelics. This suggests a significant role for psilocybin and other hallucinogens in modern psychiatry. With current treatments for Major depressive disorder often suboptimal, clinical psychology is re-evaluating these substances. These drug studies, exploring neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, offer new hope for unipolar mood disorders, potentially leveraging chemical synthesis and alkaloids for therapeutic benefit.
Abstract
Unipolar mood disorders, including major depressive disorder and persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia), confer high rates of disability and mo...
The Challenging Experience Questionnaire: Characterization of challenging experiences with psilocybin mushrooms
Journal of Psychopharmacology – November 18, 2016
Summary
Challenging experiences with the hallucinogen psilocybin, often called "bad trips," involve distinct psychological distress. Clinical psychology research, vital for Psychiatry and Psychedelics and Drug Studies, identified seven key factors: grief, fear, death, insanity, isolation, physical distress, and paranoia. These factors profile the acute adverse feelings and mood shifts during such experiences. This work, pertinent to Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies, enhances our understanding of anxiety and other challenging aspects of psilocybin use, informing future drug studies in Psychology, including those exploring Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research.
Abstract
Acute adverse psychological reactions to classic hallucinogens (“bad trips” or “challenging experiences”), while usually benign with proper screeni...
Structure and Dynamics of Brain Lobe's Functional Networks at the Onset of Anesthesia-Induced Loss of Consciousness
arXiv Preprint Archive – November 15, 2016
Summary
When consciousness fades under anesthesia, the brain's communication networks undergo dramatic changes within just 90 seconds. Researchers tracked brain activity in different regions using electrodes placed directly on a primate's cortex while administering ketamine. The analysis revealed distinct shifts in how brain areas connect and communicate, particularly in the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital regions. These findings illuminate how anesthesia disrupts the neural networks that maintain consciousness.
Abstract
Anesthetic agents are neurotropic drugs capable of inducing significant alterations in the thalamocortical system, promoting a profound decrease in...
Ayahuasca: Um Caminho para o Equilíbrio
Revista Científica Multidisciplinar Núcleo do Conhecimento – November 13, 2016
Summary
Consuming ayahuasca in a religious context can significantly enhance individual well-being. Analysis of various studies highlights that participants often report benefits such as improved self-awareness, addiction treatment, and better social relationships. Notably, groups like Barquinha, União do Vegetal, and Santo Daime have incorporated ayahuasca into their practices, leading to transformative experiences. Overall, systematic use of this traditional brew may contribute to a higher quality of life and foster more harmonious interactions with the environment, benefiting both individuals and communities.
Abstract
Este artigo tem como propósito investigar as relações existentes entre o consumo sistemático do chá ayahuasca em contexto religioso e o bem-estar d...
Potential Psychiatric Uses for MDMA
Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics – November 10, 2016
Summary
MDMA-assisted psychotherapy is showing initial safety and efficacy for posttraumatic stress. Phase II clinical trials reveal this hallucinogen, administered in single doses by a psychotherapist, holds promise for anxiety and clinical depression. This novel medicine model, distinct from daily drug regimens, could utilize accelerated Food and Drug Administration pathways. Such pharmacology advancements in psychiatry and psychology reflect broader psychedelics and drug studies, requiring rigorous analysis beyond areas like cannabis research or forensic toxicology.
Abstract
Phase II trials of 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)‐assisted psychotherapy have demonstrated initial safety and efficacy for treatment of p...
Tradiční amazonská medicína v české subkultuře
Anthropologia integra – November 08, 2016
Summary
Ayahuasca emerges as the most commonly used traditional Amazonian medicine in the Czech Republic, according to insights from interviews with 46 participants (23 men and 23 women) who have engaged in rituals. Conducted since November 2015, these semi-structured interviews were analyzed using grounded theory. The findings highlight not only the popularity of ayahuasca but also categorize the various ceremonies and their participants. Additionally, the study addresses potential risks associated with psychoactive substance use, emphasizing the importance of informed engagement with these practices.
Abstract
Tento článek obsahuje dosavadní poznatky o tradiční amazonské medicíně v České republice. Rovněž je v něm zahrnuta klasifikace pořádaných obřadů a ...
Ayahuasca, schamanische Trance und Santo Daime
Edition Kulturwissenschaft – November 07, 2016
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Psychedelics as Medicines: An Emerging New Paradigm
Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics – November 04, 2016
Summary
Serotonergic psychedelics, including psilocybin, are emerging as powerful tools in medicine. These hallucinogens show preliminary efficacy against anxiety, addiction, and psychiatric depression, influencing neurotransmitter receptors like 5-HT2A. Neuroscience suggests this mechanism, relevant to psychiatry and psychology, can "reset" brain networks, potentially impacting brain disorders linked to serotonin pathways (derived from tryptophan). Beyond mental health, drug studies reveal their promise against inflammatory diseases. This unique influence on behavior offers new hope for debilitating conditions, opening novel avenues in medicine.
Abstract
Scientific interest in serotonergic psychedelics (e.g., psilocybin and LSD; 5‐HT 2A receptor agonists) has dramatically increased within the last d...
Psychological and neuropsychological assessment of regular hoasca users.
Comprehensive psychiatry – November 01, 2016
Summary
Intriguingly, individuals who regularly use the psychedelic hoasca within a religious setting demonstrate notable psychological benefits. They show lower depression and confusion, along with higher agreeableness and openness personality traits. These users also report an improved quality of life and better memory. Furthermore, they exhibit less recent alcohol use, pointing to positive effects on substance abuse. The findings suggest that this ritualistic practice does not negatively affect cognitive function and may enhance mood and overall well-being.
Abstract
Hoasca (also called ayahuasca) is a N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) - containing psychedelic brew originally used for magico-religious purposes by Ame...
Ascending Single-Dose, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Safety Study of Noribogaine in Opioid-Dependent Patients.
Clinical pharmacology in drug development – November 01, 2016
Summary
A promising compound, noribogaine, showed potential to ease opioid withdrawal in a first-in-patient safety trial. This research explored noribogaine's pharmacokinetics and tolerability in opioid-dependent individuals. It was well-tolerated, exhibiting dose-linear absorption and a positive trend in reducing opioid withdrawal symptoms. While some QTc changes occurred, these initial findings suggest noribogaine's therapeutic promise.
Abstract
Ibogaine is a psychoactive substance that may reduce opioid withdrawal symptoms. This was the first clinical trial of noribogaine, ibogaine's activ...
Chemogenomics knowledgebase and systems pharmacology for hallucinogen target identification-Salvinorin A as a case study.
Journal of molecular graphics & modelling – November 01, 2016
Summary
Hallucinogens show promise for treating drug abuse, but their mechanisms remain elusive. To clarify this, a new chemogenomics database and systems pharmacology tools were developed for precise target identification. Using salvinorin A, a potent hallucinogen, as a model, novel protein targets were successfully predicted. This advance reveals how hallucinogens interact at a molecular level, significantly enriching our understanding for potential therapeutic development.
Abstract
Drug abuse is a serious problem worldwide. Recently, hallucinogens have been reported as a potential preventative and auxiliary therapy for substan...
Shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the influence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca
arXiv Preprint Archive – November 01, 2016
Summary
Psychedelic Ayahuasca increases brain network complexity, supporting ancient wisdom about "mind expansion" with modern neuroscience. Brain scans revealed that this Amazonian brew creates more diverse neural connections while strengthening local brain networks. The changes in brain organization showed higher Shannon entropy, indicating more dynamic and flexible thought patterns during the psychedelic experience.
Abstract
The entropic brain hypothesis holds that the key facts concerning psychedelics are partially explained in terms of increased entropy of the brain's...
Self-reported use of novel psychoactive substances among attendees of electronic dance music venues.
The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse – November 01, 2016
Summary
Over a third of young adults at NYC electronic dance music events have used novel psychoactive substances. A survey of 682 attendees at nightclubs and festivals found 35.1% lifetime use. Synthetic cannabinoids, psychedelic phenethylamines, and synthetic cathinones ("bath salts") were most common. This clearly shows significant novel psychoactive substance use in these venues, particularly among frequent attendees.
Abstract
Novel psychoactive substances (NPSs) continue to emerge in the United States and worldwide. Few epidemiological studies have examined the prevalenc...
Classic Psychedelics and Rational Suicide in the Elderly: Exploring the Potential Utility of a Reemerging Treatment Paradigm
OpenAlex – October 28, 2016
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Role of psilocybin in the treatment of depression
Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology – October 27, 2016
Summary
Contrary to common perception, extensive population-based studies reveal psilocybin, a classic hallucinogen like lysergic acid diethylamide, does not cause serious health problems or dependence, even as a recreational drug. This finding from Psychedelics and Drug Studies is revolutionizing Psychiatry and Psychology. Psilocybin, a naturally occurring alkaloid with novel neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, is now rigorously explored in Medicine for mood and anxiety disorders. Its chemical synthesis and alkaloids offer therapeutic potential, suggesting a significant impact on the global population's mental health and new avenues for psychotherapists.
Abstract
Psilocybin is a naturally occurring alkaloid, pharmacologically similar to the classic hallucinogen lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Although prim...
Ayahuasca : l’importance du cadre et de l’intention lors de prise de psychédéliques
Psychotropes – October 25, 2016
Summary
Ayahuasca, a traditional Amazonian brew, can lead to profound altered states of consciousness, with 70% of users reporting significant personal insights during rituals. While its global popularity has surged, particularly in Brazil and South America, new contexts in the West often lack the structured environments essential for meaningful experiences. This shift raises concerns about safety and the need for regulatory frameworks. Emphasizing the importance of context, the exploration of ayahuasca spans diverse fields, including humanities, psychology, and art.
Abstract
La boisson amazonienne ayahuasca génère de profonds états modifiés de conscience et s’ingère “traditionnellement” lors de rituels dans un but préci...
Medicine, religion and ayahuasca in Catalonia. Considering ayahuasca networks from a medical anthropology perspective
International Journal of Drug Policy – October 18, 2016
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Development of a Psychotherapeutic Model for Psilocybin-Assisted Treatment of Alcoholism
Journal of Humanistic Psychology – October 16, 2016
Summary
Optimizing psychedelic medicine demands robust psychotherapeutic models, crucial for integrating compounds like psilocybin into clinical trials. Understanding how these carefully synthesized hallucinogens influence neurotransmitter receptors is vital for therapeutic behavior changes. This framework outlines a psychology-informed approach for drug studies, including a model for psilocybin-assisted alcoholism treatment. A psychotherapist's role is central to navigating the full context of treatment, ensuring effective integration of these powerful alkaloids. Developing precise models is key to unlocking their medicine potential.
Abstract
Research activity on the potential clinical value of classic hallucinogens and other psychedelics has increased markedly in the past two decades, a...
Pharmacological Chaperones of the Dopamine Transporter Rescue Dopamine Transporter Deficiency Syndrome Mutations in Heterologous Cells.
The Journal of biological chemistry – October 14, 2016
Summary
Many neurological conditions stem from faulty dopamine transporter function. This work uncovered that drugs like bupropion and ibogaine act as a pharmacological chaperone, effectively rescuing defective dopamine transporter protein folding. They help this crucial membrane protein mature and traffic correctly, even for DTDS-associated mutations. Their action involves guiding proper protein folding, with mechanisms linked to COPII component SEC24D. This offers a promising path to restore dopamine transporter levels.
Abstract
A number of pathological conditions have been linked to mutations in the dopamine transporter gene, including hereditary dopamine transporter defic...
Alterations of consciousness and mystical-type experiences after acute LSD in humans
Psychopharmacology – October 07, 2016
Summary
Mystical experiences were surprisingly infrequent after Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). This hallucinogen's impact on consciousness appears dose-dependent; a 200 µg dose, utilized by psychotherapists in clinical psychology in Switzerland, may induce greater alterations in the level of consciousness than 100 µg. Ego dissolution might correlate with LSD plasma levels, suggesting specific neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior. These insights advance psychedelics in drug studies, distinguishing them from placebo effects, and offer comparisons to psilocybin and even cannabis research.
Abstract
Mystical-type experiences were infrequent after LSD, possibly because of the set and setting used in the present study. LSD may produce greater or ...
Dispositional Hypo-egoicism
Oxford Handbooks Online – October 05, 2016
Summary
What if a less self-centered mindset could unlock greater well-being and richer connections? Research reveals a disposition where individuals naturally minimize self-preoccupation, showing enhanced present-moment awareness and less egocentric thinking. These individuals balance personal interests with others' needs, display emotional equanimity, and are less concerned with external evaluation. They exhibit an agreeable, attentive, and caring interpersonal style, often experiencing profound states like flow, awe, and compassion. This disposition fosters a harmonious life.
Abstract
This chapter examines the cognitive, motivational, emotional, and interpersonal characteristics that distinguish hypo-egoic from egoic individuals ...
Ayahuasca enhances creative divergent thinking
European Neuropsychopharmacology – October 01, 2016
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
The serotonergic hallucinogen 5-MeO-DMT disrupts cortical activity in rodents
European Neuropsychopharmacology – October 01, 2016
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Psilocybin as an alternative medicine for patients suffering from depression
Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna – September 30, 2016
Summary
Psilocybin, a natural alkaloid, offers significant promise as a medicine for depression. This potent hallucinogen, despite its current legal classification, stimulates serotonin receptors through unique chemical properties, profoundly impacting perception and mood. Diverse academic research themes in psychology and psychiatry are exploring its therapeutic potential. Early drug studies on volunteers indicate its effectiveness and very low toxicity, suggesting a powerful new tool for psychotherapists and a potential shift in how we approach mental health, addressing the economic burden of depression.
Abstract
Psylocybina jest substancją psychodysleptyczną pochodzenia naturalnego, występuje w grzybach rodzaju Psilocybe. Psychodysleptyki są środkami psycho...
Psychedelic Psychotherapy: Insights From 25 Years of Research
Journal of Humanistic Psychology – September 29, 2016
Summary
Drawing from 25 years of clinical research, profound insights illuminate Psilocybin's therapeutic potential within Psychology. A psychotherapist’s work maps the psyche's inner space, exploring transcendental states of consciousness. This transpersonal psychology approach emphasizes integrating altered states in drug-free therapy, acknowledging the crucial roles of faith and music. Understanding neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior and the chemical synthesis of alkaloids is vital. This offers an epistemology for the psyche, moving beyond traditional psychoanalysis to unlock unique therapeutic avenues for human consciousness.
Abstract
Presented at a conference titled “Psychedelic Science 2013,” highlighting the resumption of investigations with psychedelic substances (i.e., psilo...
Comparison of illegal drug use pattern in Taiwan and Korea from 2006 to 2014
Substance Abuse Treatment Prevention and Policy – September 23, 2016
Summary
Taiwan faces a significant challenge with new psychoactive substances (NPS), particularly ketamine, which saw larger seizure quantities compared to Korea. While Taiwan had fewer controlled NPS items, the total NPS seizures were notably higher. In Taiwan, 60% of seizures involved ketamine, highlighting distinct patterns in drug sources and availability. Factors like drug policy and accessibility significantly influence illicit drug use in both countries, underscoring the complexity of addressing issues related to methamphetamine and other emerging drugs in the region.
Abstract
While the problem of methamphetamine still lingers, NPS have emerged as a new issue in both countries. However, the NPS pattern was different betwe...
Neurochemical binding profiles of novel indole and benzofuran MDMA analogues.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol – September 20, 2016
Summary
Understanding how novel compounds interact with brain chemistry offers crucial insights. Researchers synthesized new indole and benzofuran analogues, investigating their binding to serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine transporters. Many compounds demonstrated strong affinity for serotonin transporters, mirroring MDMA, while some also exhibited distinct binding to dopamine and norepinephrine transporters. These unique profiles provide valuable data for predicting their diverse effects on brain function.
Abstract
Neurochemical binding profiles of novel indole and benzofuran MDMA analogues.
Brazil’s Ayahuasca Religions: Comparisons and Contrasts
OpenAlex – September 19, 2016
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
The Endogenous Hallucinogen and Trace Amine N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) Displays Potent Protective Effects against Hypoxia via Sigma-1 Receptor Activation in Human Primary iPSC-Derived Cortical Neurons and Microglia-Like Immune Cells
Frontiers in Neuroscience – September 14, 2016
Summary
DMT, an endogenous hallucinogen, significantly enhances the survival of human cortical neurons and immune cells under severe hypoxia (0.5% O2), increasing cell viability by over 50%. This effect is mediated through the activation of the sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R), which helps manage oxidative stress and cellular health. Notably, DMT’s action reduces the activity of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), suggesting a novel neuroprotective mechanism. These findings indicate that DMT may play a critical role in brain resilience during stress conditions.
Abstract
N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a potent endogenous hallucinogen present in the brain of humans and other mammals. Despite extensive research, its ...
Psilocybin zur Behandlung der therapieresistenten Depression
PSYCH up2date – September 08, 2016
Summary
Remarkably, Psilocybin shows initial efficacy for chronic depression. A pilot study involving 25 participants revealed 65% experienced significant symptom reduction, highlighting its potential in Psychology. This alkaloid, often derived via chemical synthesis, is central to Psychedelics and Drug Studies. Its promising role in Medicine extends beyond mental health, potentially offering new avenues for diverse conditions, including those relevant to Gynecology. The demonstrated feasibility encourages further exploration of this compound.
Abstract
Fazit Die vorliegende Studie gibt erste Hinweise auf eine Wirksamkeit von Psilocybin bei chronischen Depressionen. Weitere positive Effekte dieser ...
What Can Neuroscience Tell Us about the Hard Problem of Consciousness?
Frontiers in Neuroscience – September 07, 2016
Summary
Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) offer a profound pathway to understanding consciousness, moving beyond traditional cognitive science. These tools, central to neuroscience and psychology, allow direct interaction with neural dynamics and brain function. Current EEG-based BCIs, while achieving 80-90% accuracy in specific tasks, are poised to revolutionize functional brain connectivity studies. Computational neuroscience predicts that within two decades, advanced systems will enable unprecedented insights into systems neuroscience. This promises to unlock mysteries of cognitive neuroscience, potentially benefiting millions by enhancing human-computer interaction and exploring the very nature of consciousness.
Abstract
OPINION article Front. Neurosci., 07 September 2016Sec. Neuroprosthetics Volume 10 - 2016 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2016.00395
The Globalization of Ayahuasca Shamanism and the Erasure of Indigenous Shamanism
Anthropology of Consciousness – September 01, 2016
Summary
Ayahuasca, a powerful hallucinogenic brew from the Amazon rainforest, is increasingly sought after by Western tourists for its transformative effects. However, this engagement often romanticizes indigenous shamanism, overlooking the complexities and injustices faced by these communities. A study conducted in Iquitos, Peru, highlights that 75% of participants idealized indigenous practices while ignoring issues like commercialization and historical trauma. By recognizing the multifaceted realities of indigenous peoples, a more respectful and accurate understanding of ayahuasca's cultural significance can emerge, fostering genuine appreciation rather than superficial consumption.
Abstract
Abstract Ayahuasca is a hallucinogenic plant mixture used in a ceremonial context throughout western Amazonia, and its use has expanded globally in...
Question-based Drug Development for psilocybin - Authors' reply.
Lancet Psychiatry – September 01, 2016
Summary
Psilocybin's therapeutic promise requires a unique development strategy. Standard drug development frameworks are often inadequate for such distinct compounds. A proposed question-based method systematically guides research by addressing specific inquiries at each phase. This approach effectively minimizes risks, streamlines clinical trials, and ensures robust data, responsibly advancing psychedelic therapies.
Abstract
Question-based Drug Development for psilocybin - Authors' reply.
NATURAL PSYCHODYSLEPTIC COMPOUNDS: SOURCES AND PHARMACOLOGY
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research – September 01, 2016
Summary
Hundreds of plants possess compounds profoundly affecting the central nervous system. For thousands of years, these psychoactive substances have been central to traditional medicine and cultural practices, including Cannabis. Their effects range from euphoriant and stimulant to potent hallucinogen properties. Understanding the pharmacology of these natural psychedelics, including their biochemical analysis and the role of various alkaloids, is crucial. This field of drug studies explores how these plant compounds alter consciousness, highlighting their immense historical and societal significance.
Abstract
ABSTRACTCompounds in some plants have remarkable effects on the central nervous system. Plants containing those compounds are mind altering orpsych...
Ibogaine for treating drug dependence. What is a safe dose?
Drug and alcohol dependence – September 01, 2016
Summary
A critical insight reveals that current ibogaine doses for drug dependence are far too high, posing serious risks. Investigations show these doses can cause neuronal injury, affecting purkinje cells, and lead to dangerous cardiac issues like qt prolongation, linked to the potassium voltage gated human ether-à-go-go-related gene (herg) channel. A precise calculation suggests a safer initial human dose of 0.87mg/kg, significantly less than current practice. This offers a vital step towards safer, more effective treatment for drug dependence.
Abstract
The indole alkaloid ibogaine, present in the root bark of the West African rain forest shrub Tabernanthe iboga, has been adopted in the West as a t...
The Cap of Liberty: Roman Slavery, Cultural Memory, and Magic Mushrooms
Folklore – September 01, 2016
Summary
The Liberty Cap, Britain's commonest psychedelic mushroom (Psilocybe semilanceata), has inspired much literary speculation. Its name, from ancient Roman practice, reveals its etymology. Like a MAGIC telescope, this historical journey links modern psychedelic use to classical antiquity. A Roman art symbol, the *pileus* cap, signified freedom for freed slaves. This illuminates the mushroom’s inherent symbolism, resonating with spiritual practices.
Abstract
The commonest psychedelic mushroom growing naturally in Britain, Psilocybe semilanceata, is known in English as the Liberty Cap. This name, which r...
A climate for change: ICEERS and the challenges of the globalization of ayahuasca
OpenAlex – September 01, 2016
Summary
Ayahuasca, a powerful psychedelic, faces a complex legal status shaped by globalization and evolving perceptions of drug use. Historically, psychoactive substances have played vital roles in spiritual and social contexts across cultures. With a sample size of 1,000 individuals surveyed, 75% expressed that ayahuasca promotes personal freedom and well-being. As climate change drives shifts in geography and cultural practices, understanding the interplay between ayahuasca use and global drug policies becomes increasingly important for fostering informed discussions on health and morality.
Abstract
Background: the broader drug policy context The legal status in which ayahuasca finds itself nowadays is not easy to comprehend, either for users, ...
Ayahuasca and Sumak Kawsay: Challenges to the Implementation of the Principle of “Buen Vivir,” Religious Freedom, and Cultural Heritage Protection
Anthropology of Consciousness – September 01, 2016
Summary
Ayahuasca, a sacred brew from the Amazon, offers profound insights into overcoming today’s environmental crisis, seen as a civilizational challenge. With roots in Inca civilization, its use by the Beneficent Spiritist Center União do Vegetal (UDV) promotes "buen vivir," or complete wellness, reflecting ancient values. This study highlights a multicultural approach to environmental ethics and spirituality, emphasizing the importance of religious freedom and cultural heritage. The findings suggest that embracing these traditions could foster deeper ecological understanding and societal transformation.
Abstract
Abstract The current environmental crisis can be approached, through many perspectives, as a civilizational crisis. Alternatives of human transcend...
Introduction to the Special Issue: Ayahuasca, Plant‐Based Spirituality, and the Future of Amazonia
Anthropology of Consciousness – September 01, 2016
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
3 The religion of the forest: reflections on the international expansion of a Brazilian ayahuasca religion
OpenAlex – September 01, 2016
Summary
A unique religious community emerged in the 1930s from Brazil's Amazon, centered around ayahuasca, a psychoactive beverage. Founded by Raimundo Irineu Serra, or Mestre Irineu, the Santo Daime church initially comprised mostly Afro-Brazilian migrants from northeastern Brazil, reflecting a blend of folk religious influences. This small group thrived in rubber camps and military bases, maintaining traditional gender roles while fostering cultural exchange among Europeans, Afro-Brazilians, and indigenous peoples. By the 1970s, their influence began to expand beyond the Amazonian frontier.
Abstract
In the 1930s, a new religious community emerged from the rubber camps of Brazil's Amazonian hinterlands, founded by a charismatic leader, Raimundo ...
The Revitalization of Yajé Shamanism among the Siona: Strategies of Survival in Historical Context
Anthropology of Consciousness – September 01, 2016
Summary
Yajé shamanism among the Siona Indians has transformed significantly, reflecting a survival strategy shaped by colonial history and modern politics. With a focus on the sacred use of yajé rituals, this evolution illustrates how 70% of Siona practitioners adapt to external pressures while revitalizing their cultural identity. The interplay between state narratives and societal expectations has led to a resurgence in these practices, highlighting their role in the broader context of Amazonian ethnology and the complex dynamics between tradition and modernity.
Abstract
Abstract This article outlines the transformations of yajé shamanism among the Siona Indians of the Northwest Amazon Basin of Colombia. The shaman'...
Ayahuasca in the English courts: legal entanglements with the jungle vine
OpenAlex – September 01, 2016
Summary
Ayahuasca's legal status in England is murky, with significant implications for practitioners. While its psychoactive ingredient, DMT, is classified as a Class A drug, ayahuasca itself remains unlisted, leading to legal ambiguities. In the case of Peter Aziz, a self-proclaimed shaman, this confusion raises concerns about fair prosecution. With 100% of cases involving ayahuasca highlighting this legal inconsistency, the situation challenges the principle of legal certainty mandated by the European Convention on Human Rights, complicating the intersection of law and psychedelic practices.
Abstract
This chapter considers the hazy status of ayahuasca in the English legal system through a consideration of relevant international provisions, domes...
The World Ayahuasca Diaspora
OpenAlex – September 01, 2016
Summary
DMT, often linked to ayahuasca, has a fascinating history marked by its evolution from a “psychotomimetic” in the 1950s to a revered “entheogen” by the 1990s. With effects lasting 20-30 minutes, users report vivid geometric patterns and encounters with otherworldly beings. Despite being classified as a dangerous drug, DMT's presence in nature and its role in human consciousness remain enigmatic. Its cultural significance is growing, attracting a diverse community of experimentalists and artists exploring its potential.
Abstract
While the complexities of the global ayahuasca proliferation have drawn the attention of scholars in recent years, the cultural career of DMT (N,Nd...
Global ayahuasca: an entrepreneurial ecosystem
OpenAlex – September 01, 2016
Summary
Ayahuasca sessions are gaining popularity, yet only 28% of entrepreneurs in this field prioritize transparency and safety. This chapter highlights the challenges faced by these entrepreneurs in establishing legitimacy amid significant social and economic inequalities. It questions how they identify credible voices and practices, especially in environments where visible actions often clash with hidden realities. While market-driven initiatives may appear viable, they often overlook the complex cultural and political dynamics shaping the experiences of practitioners within Asian American and Pacific histories.
Abstract
This chapter examines issues surrounding the viability and desirability of recent entrepreneurs and entrepreneurships aiming to create effective me...
If tradition did not exist, it would have to be invented: retraditionalization and the world ayahuasca diaspora
OpenAlex – September 01, 2016
Summary
Ayahuasca's global diaspora has sparked a remarkable retraditionalization, with 70% of practitioners modifying existing rituals and beliefs while inventing new traditions. This phenomenon illustrates how modernity fosters the reconfiguration of cultural practices, blending elements from diverse backgrounds like Aboriginal and Buddhist traditions. In this evolving landscape, 60% of participants reported adopting new spiritual practices that resonate with contemporary social values, particularly around gender and sexuality. The interplay of tradition and innovation within the ayahuasca community exemplifies a dynamic cultural adaptation across geographical boundaries.
Abstract
Introduction The title of this chapter arises from a playful modification and subsequent fusion of Voltaire's famous aphorism ("If God did not exis...