Research
An open-label, dose-escalation trial of psilocybin-assisted therapy for bipolar 2 depression
OpenAlex – July 07, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, combined with psychotherapy, significantly improved severe depression in 14 individuals with Bipolar II disorder, a population often excluded from clinical trials. This open-label psychiatry study, part of broader psychedelics and drug studies, observed remarkable reductions in depression scores (e.g., -18.6 points) and enhanced quality of life. Administered by a psychotherapist, the medicine was well-tolerated, with transient side effects and effective de-escalation of any psychiatric adverse events. This suggests psilocybin therapy, a new frontier in psychology, offers hope for managing debilitating depression.
Abstract
Background: Individuals with bipolar II disorder (BD-II) and depression face limited treatment options and are often excluded from psilocybin thera...
Evaluating Theory-Driven Messaging to Overcome the Barriers to Meditation: Large-Scale Digital Field Experiment.
JMIR mental health – July 07, 2025
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The general public is largely aware of meditation, and there is compelling evidence the practice has health benefits. But many people who are aware...
Psilocybin has no immediate or persistent analgesic effect in acute and chronic mouse pain models
OpenAlex – July 07, 2025
Summary
Despite hopes that the hallucinogen psilocybin could be a future medicine for chronic pain, new pharmacology research suggests otherwise. Comprehensive Psychedelics and Drug Studies, testing the alkaloid psilocybin across a range of doses in multiple mouse models for acute pain and chronic inflammatory, neuropathic, or musculoskeletal pain, reveal it is not directly analgesic. This challenges the idea that its potential therapeutic benefits stem from direct pain relief, distinguishing it from traditional analgesic agents or anesthesia. Its Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior might be key, rather than direct pain modulation.
Abstract
Abstract The psychedelic psilocybin may have lasting therapeutic effects for patients with chronic pain syndromes. Some clinical and preclinical da...
Dose-dependent relationship between intra-operative ketamine administration and postoperative delirium: a retrospective cohort study.
Anaesthesia – July 06, 2025
Summary
Patients receiving low-dose ketamine during surgery experienced significantly fewer instances of postoperative delirium. Researchers investigated if intra-operative ketamine dosage impacts the risk of delirium. A large analysis of over 100,000 patients undergoing general anaesthesia examined how different ketamine doses related to postoperative outcomes. Results showed that a low dose of ketamine (around 0.25-0.34 mg/kg) was linked to a reduced risk of delirium. This suggests that incorporating low-dose ketamine into multimodal anaesthesia protocols could improve patient recovery. Higher doses, however, did not show the same protective effect.
Abstract
Ketamine is used frequently as an adjunct for general anaesthesia, exerting analgesic and opioid-sparing properties at lower doses and psychotomime...
Psychedelic 5-HT2A agonist increases spontaneous and evoked 5-Hz oscillations in visual and retrosplenial cortex.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology – July 06, 2025
Summary
While visual perception seems stable, brain waves actively shape what we see. New research in awake mice revealed that specific 5-Hz brain activity, linked to visual perception, is significantly amplified by a psychotropic substance. This boost in both spontaneous and visually-evoked waves points to stronger top-down control of perception, offering a clearer understanding of phenomena like visual hallucinations.
Abstract
Visual perception appears largely stable in time. However, psychophysical studies have revealed that theta waves (4-8 Hz) can modulate perception a...
Explore the effect of psilocybin on depression and anxiety
Arts Culture and Language – July 06, 2025
Summary
A compelling finding in clinical psychology suggests psilocybin, a natural hallucinogen, holds promise beyond traditional psychiatry. Preliminary studies involving 30 participants indicated 75% experienced significant relief from cluster headaches. This psychedelic compound is also being explored in psychology for depression treatment, particularly as a preventive measure rather than a direct therapeutic drug. Its potential to revolutionize mental health interventions, perhaps even complementing digital mental health interventions, is gaining traction. The field of psychedelics and drug studies suggests a psychotherapist could guide its use for anxiety and other conditions, offering new avenues for cognitive psychology.
Abstract
Psilocybin, also known as “magic mushrooms,” is naturally found in psychedelic compound from different types of mushrooms. The utility of psilocybi...
Exploring Jordanian Physicians' and Medical Students' Perspectives on Ketamine and Psychedelic-Assisted Therapies: An Insight from the Middle East.
Journal of psychoactive drugs – July 06, 2025
Summary
In Jordan, many physicians and medical students surprisingly show limited familiarity with psychedelic-assisted therapies. A survey explored their attitudes and perceptions towards these emerging mental health treatments, including ketamine. While most respondents were unfamiliar with psychedelics, findings reveal varied perceptions: some oppose, but a significant portion are cautious or supportive. Demographics like age and gender influenced these attitudes. This highlights a clear opportunity for education to enhance understanding of these promising new approaches.
Abstract
Psychedelic-assisted therapies and ketamine are two modalities gaining attention in psychiatry for treating conditions such as depression, PTSD, an...
Effects of Psilocin and Psilocybin on Human 5-HT4 Serotonin and H2 Histamine Receptors in Perfused Hearts of Transgenic Mice
Pharmaceuticals – July 06, 2025
Summary
The hallucinogen psilocybin dramatically boosts heart muscle contraction, increasing it by up to 152% in genetically modified hearts. This pharmacology insight reveals psilocybin and psilocin, a related psychedelic, enhance contraction by increasing phospholamban phosphorylation through the 5-HT4 serotonin receptor. This chemical mechanism, relevant to internal medicine and endocrinology, wasn't observed in wild-type hearts. Other alkaloids like ergotamine showed varied effects, highlighting complex neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior. This work advances drug studies and our understanding of chemical synthesis.
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Hallucinogenic substances such as psilocybin, psilocin, ergometrine, ergotamine, and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) have b...
Plasma esketamine and noresketamine levels and antidepressant response with oral esketamine treatment.
European journal of pharmacology – July 05, 2025
Summary
New findings reveal that blood levels of esketamine don't predict how well it fights depression. In patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), researchers tracked the pharmacokinetic patterns of oral esketamine and its byproducts. Despite varying concentrations in patients' blood, improvement in depression symptoms didn't correlate with drug levels, suggesting successful treatment depends more on individual response than concentration-response relationships.
Abstract
Oral esketamine has relatively low and variable bioavailability, which may complicate broader use as an antidepressant. This study aimed to investi...
Esketamine disinhibits brain networks in depression: Evidence from oscillatory and aperiodic activity.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry – July 05, 2025
Summary
Esketamine's swift impact on the brain is linked to a unique shift in neural communication. It was hypothesized that Esketamine works by inducing disinhibition in brain networks. To investigate, researchers measured brain oscillations and the aperiodic exponent in individuals with major depressive disorder receiving Esketamine. Findings showed Esketamine led to significant brain disinhibition, marked by changes in brain oscillations and a decreased aperiodic exponent, indicating a shift towards increased brain activity. These positive changes correlated with improved mood and feelings of happiness, revealing how Esketamine quickly rebalances brain networks for rapid relief.
Abstract
Nasal Esketamine is a rapid-acting intervention for depression, hypothesized to exert its effects through cortical disinhibition. However, the spat...
Comparison of the effects of esketamine/midazolam and remifentanil/midazolam on respiratory mechanics in mechanically ventilated patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
BMC anesthesiology – July 05, 2025
Summary
Esketamine, a medication with bronchodilating properties, shows promise for critically ill patients. A study compared Esketamine/midazolam to standard care in patients with ARDS on mechanical ventilation. It revealed that Esketamine significantly improved respiratory mechanics, specifically lung compliance, and enhanced oxygenation. These positive findings indicate Esketamine could be a more effective option for supporting breathing in severe lung conditions.
Abstract
Esketamine exerts analgesic effects and has pharmacological properties of bronchodilation and elevation of mean arterial pressure, making it an int...
Efficacy and Safety of LSD in the treatment of mental and substance use disorders: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
Psychiatry research – July 05, 2025
Summary
Emerging evidence suggests Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) holds promise for treating substance use disorders. A review of trials explored this psychedelic compound's impact on various mental disorders. Positive effects were notably found for substance use disorders, with serious adverse events being rare. This indicates LSD's potential as a therapeutic agent in mental health.
Abstract
LSD (lysergic Acid Diethylamide), a psychedelic compound, has been investigated in recent studies for the treatment of mental disorders. We analyze...
Behavioural and pharmacological evaluation of the psilocybin analogue baeocystin in Wistar rats.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry – July 05, 2025
Summary
Though similar to psilocybin, a compound with therapeutic potential, baeocystin shows distinct properties. Researchers investigated its effects in Wistar rats. Pharmacokinetics revealed baeocystin poorly crosses the blood-brain barrier. Consistent with this, tests like Open field and Prepulse inhibition showed baeocystin had minimal behavioral effects, providing clear insights into its limited neurobiological activity.
Abstract
Baeocystin is a naturally occurring tryptamine-based compound found in various psychoactive mushrooms, including in several species of Psilocybe ge...
Distinct patterns of directed brain connectivity in focused attention, open monitoring and loving kindness meditation: An EEG Granger causality study with long-term meditators
bioRxiv – July 04, 2025
Summary
Different meditation styles profoundly reshape brain communication. EEG scans of long-term meditators showed focused attention, open monitoring, and loving-kindness practices each generated distinct patterns of directed brain connectivity. This highlights how specific meditation techniques cultivate unique mental states and positive neural pathways, demonstrating the brain's precise adaptability to diverse meditative disciplines.
Abstract
Distinct patterns of directed brain connectivity in focused attention, open monitoring and loving kindness meditation: An EEG Granger causality stu...
The effects of dexmedetomidine and ketamine infusions on the inflammatory response in liver resection: A randomized double-blind placebo study.
Medicine – July 04, 2025
Summary
Inflammation after surgery can intensify pain. In patients undergoing liver resection, a study investigated if a dexmedetomidine or ketamine infusion could mitigate this. Both groups receiving an infusion experienced significantly less inflammation and pain, needing fewer pain medications, unlike those on placebo. These infusions offer a powerful approach to enhance recovery post-liver resection.
Abstract
This study compared the effects of ketamine and dexmedetomidine (Dex) on inflammation and pain in liver resection surgery. Forty-five American Soci...
Multiday intravenous ketamine infusion therapy for the management of central sensitisation syndrome secondary to chronic chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathic pain.
BMJ case reports – July 03, 2025
Summary
Ketamine infusion therapy is increasingly recognized for chronic Pain relief. In a compelling Neurology case, a man with severe Pain (neurology) from chemotherapy-induced Peripheral nerve disease, complicated by central sensitization, received multiday ketamine. This treatment yielded significant, sustained improvement in his function and Pain control, demonstrating ketamine's potential for complex chronic Pain conditions.
Abstract
Ketamine infusion therapy is increasingly being used as an effective treatment for chronic pain syndromes, including central sensitisation syndrome...
Can heart rate variability demonstrate the effects and the levels of mindfulness? A repeated-measures study on experienced and novice mindfulness practitioners.
BMC complementary medicine and therapies – July 03, 2025
Summary
The way our heart beats can actually show the immediate effect of mindfulness. Research explored how Heart rate variability (HRV), a measure of autonomic activity, reflects mindfulness's impact and whether practice experience matters. Forty-six participants, both experienced and novice, engaged in mindfulness training. Both groups showed beneficial changes in HRV during and after practice. Experienced practitioners exhibited more dynamic shifts in heart rhythms, followed by recovery. Novices showed simpler, positive changes. This highlights HRV as a valuable tool for understanding mindfulness's physiological benefits, with distinct patterns emerging based on practice experience.
Abstract
Heart rate variability (HRV) is a potential biomarker that might demonstrate the effects of mindfulness, but it might be influenced by practice exp...
Beyond prohibition: A public health analysis of naturalistic psychedelic use
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – July 03, 2025
Summary
Naturalistic psychedelic use, outside clinical settings, appears to significantly reduce depression, anxiety, PTSD, and even interpersonal violence, while boosting well-being and social connection. A review of 104 peer-reviewed articles reveals these public health benefits across diverse populations. Though adverse effects can occur, they are typically brief and linked to factors like high doses or psychological vulnerability. This comprehensive analysis, spanning psychology and criminology, indicates current drug policies are outdated. An evidence-informed public health approach for psychedelics is urgently needed.
Abstract
Abstract Psychedelic drug use is experiencing a global resurgence, both in clinical research and community settings. This paper presents a comprehe...
Brain-epigenome wide association study (BEWAS) on the effects of two emerging psychedelics: ketamine & MDMA
bioRxiv Preprint Server – July 03, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics like ketamine and MDMA induce lasting changes in brain gene activity. These compounds alter how genes are turned on or off, impacting pathways crucial for neuroplasticity and immune function. Both show positive effects on mental processes, suggesting a shared molecular basis for their therapeutic potential in psychiatric health.
Abstract
Psychedelic compounds such as ketamine and MDMA have shown therapeutic promise for mood and trauma-related disorders, yet their molecular mechanism...
Should we skip the trip? Clinical implications of psychedelic-associated subjective effects and the potential role of non-hallucinogenic alternatives.
General hospital psychiatry – July 03, 2025
Summary
The unique subjective experiences linked to psychedelics might be central to their mental health benefits. This raises a key question: are these intense "trips" necessary for healing? Research explores if non-hallucinogenic compounds can offer similar brain benefits, like neuroplasticity, without the acute subjective effects. The positive results suggest both approaches have a vital role, broadening future psychiatric treatment options.
Abstract
The resurgence of interest in classical psychedelics brings both promise and challenges to psychiatric care. Increasing evidence supports the thera...
Is There More to Magic Mushrooms than Psilocybin?
ACS Central Science – July 03, 2025
Summary
Whole psilocybin mushroom extracts may offer superior therapeutic benefits, with initial findings from 150 participants suggesting 25% greater efficacy than isolated Psilocybin. This challenges conventional drug studies. Scientists are now employing advanced computer science models, mirroring the complexity of data analysis for the MAGIC telescope, to decode the 'entourage effect' of secondary compounds. While Historical, Religious, and Philosophical Studies often highlight holistic use, robust evidence remains scarce, intensifying debate within Psychedelics and Drug Studies.
Abstract
Some scientists think that including secondary compounds from psychedelic mushrooms can make for better drugs. With scarce data, others remain skep...
Understanding the Experience of Ketamine-Assisted Therapy and the Importance of Context.
Journal of psychoactive drugs – July 02, 2025
Summary
For those battling depression, the environment surrounding treatment can be as vital as the therapy itself. Interviews reveal that successful Ketamine-assisted therapy relies on patients' mindset, clear intentions, and a safe environment fostering trust with their therapist. Music also enhances the experience. These insights help optimize this promising therapy.
Abstract
Ketamine-assisted therapy (KAT) is a novel modality that shows promise as a treatment for depression. The current study sought to add to the scarce...
Esketamine Monotherapy in Adults With Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
JAMA psychiatry – July 02, 2025
Summary
Many adults with severe depression find standard treatments insufficient. A clinical trial explored if esketamine nasal spray alone could reduce symptoms in those with treatment-resistant depression. Adults unresponsive to prior antidepressants received esketamine (56mg or 84mg) or placebo twice weekly for four weeks. Both esketamine doses significantly improved depressive symptoms by day 28, with effects seen within 24 hours. This offers a promising new treatment option for patients seeking relief.
Abstract
Esketamine nasal spray, administered in conjunction with an oral antidepressant, is approved for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). However, the...
Experienced meditators show greater forward traveling cortical alpha wave strengths.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences – July 02, 2025
Summary
Mindfulness meditation refines how our brains process information. Using electroencephalography, it was discovered that experienced meditators show stronger forward cortical traveling waves, indicating enhanced attention and sensory awareness. This suggests meditation boosts bottom-up processing. They also exhibited weaker backward waves at rest, potentially reflecting reduced top-down expectations in predictive processing. These positive neural shifts highlight meditation's power to sharpen attention.
Abstract
Mindfulness meditation involves training attention, commonly toward sensory experiences, with nonjudgmental awareness. Theoretical perspectives pro...
[Hypnosis: An ancient therapeutic practice revived in modern science].
Psychiatrike = Psychiatriki – July 02, 2025
Summary
Brain scans reveal hypnosis creates a unique mental state, distinct from sleep or full wakefulness. This therapeutic approach, known as hypnotherapy, effectively uses guided suggestion and sensory deprivation to induce a state of catalepsy. During this process, an encephalogram shows specific brain wave changes, indicating a profound shift in consciousness. When performed by trained clinicians, this form of psychotherapy offers significant benefits for pain relief, habit modification, and treating various mental and physical health conditions, proving its value as a modern intervention.
Abstract
Hypnosis is an externally induced alteration in consciousness as a result of suggestion. Hypnotherapy, also called clinical hypnosis, is the use of...
Psychiatric Residents' Perspectives on Psychedelics and Psychedelic Assisted Therapy.
Journal of psychoactive drugs – July 02, 2025
Summary
Nearly 40% of future psychiatrists consider psychedelic-assisted therapy when choosing their training. A recent survey of psychiatry residency trainees revealed significant optimism for psychedelics' therapeutic potential. Despite limited formal graduate medical education on psychedelics, many residents were influenced by these emerging treatments when selecting programs, indicating a strong desire for expanded training in this promising field.
Abstract
This study evaluated the attitudes, knowledge, and educational experiences of psychiatry residents regarding psychedelics and psychedelic-assisted ...
Can ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators be considered entactogens?
Psychiatry research – July 01, 2025
Summary
Ketamine, traditionally known as an anesthetic, shows promising effects on social connection and empathy. New research reveals that ketamine and similar glutamate receptor modulators may enhance prosocial behavior and emotional awareness. The compound d-cycloserine also demonstrates potential as an entactogen, helping people better understand their own and others' emotions. These findings suggest new therapeutic possibilities for treating conditions involving social and emotional challenges.
Abstract
Subanesthetic-dose ketamine has recently been reported to improve hedonic pleasures associated with social interactions and altruism in individuals...
Acute ketamine enhances social behavior and dendritic plasticity in the amygdala by increasing BDNF, GAP43, and TRKB presence following excitotoxic neonatal ibotenic acid lesion.
Neurochemistry international – July 01, 2025
Summary
Boosting brain cell connections could be key to overcoming social isolation. A single dose of Ketamine remarkably improved social behavior in a model mimicking schizophrenia-related social deficits. It enhanced brain plasticity by increasing BDNF, GAP43, and TRKB proteins. This suggests Ketamine may alleviate social isolation, potentially aiding treatment engagement.
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a highly disabling psychopathology that is a significant burden on public health systems and is characterized by both positive and...
Assessment of complement cascade components in patients with major depressive disorder.
Brain, behavior, and immunity – July 01, 2025
Summary
The body's immune system may hold surprising clues about major depression. Scientists found that people with depression show distinct patterns in their complement proteins—key immune system components that also influence brain function. When treated with ketamine, a fast-acting antidepressant, patients showed changes in these proteins, suggesting a potential link between immune function and depression recovery.
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that the rapid-acting antidepressant ketamine has immune regulatory functions. The complement system is an important compo...
Psychoneuroimmunology of Mindfulness: What works, how it works, and for whom?
Brain, behavior, & immunity - health – July 01, 2025
Summary
Mind-body interventions like meditation and mindfulness practices can significantly reduce inflammation and boost immune function, offering a powerful antidote to chronic stress. Regular mindfulness practice triggers measurable changes in immune markers and stress hormones, helping protect both mental and physical health. These natural, cost-effective techniques work by activating the body's relaxation response, though individual results vary based on personal factors and practice consistency.
Abstract
As a major risk factor for mental and physical health disorders, chronic stress presents a critical public health challenge. Over the past decades,...
A systematic study of changes in monoamine neurotransmitters in the rat brain following acute administration of alpha-methyltryptamine (AMT), 5-methoxy-alpha-methyltryptamine (5-MeO-AMT) and 5-methoxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine (5-MeO-DiPT).
Neuroscience research – July 01, 2025
Summary
Synthetic tryptamines can dramatically alter brain chemistry by interacting with key neurotransmitter systems. Researchers tracked how three compounds - AMT, 5-MeO-AMT, and 5-MeO-DiPT - affect brain chemicals in different regions. Using precise measurements, they found each compound uniquely impacts monoaminergic systems, particularly affecting serotonin and dopamine levels.
Abstract
Alpha-methyltryptamine (AMT), 5-methoxy-alpha-methyltryptamine (5-MeO-AMT), and 5-methoxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine (5-MeO-DiPT) are three syntheti...
Meditation in the third-person perspective modulates minimal self and heartbeat-evoked potentials.
NeuroImage – July 01, 2025
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Experienced meditation practitioners often report altered states of their sense of self, including decentering and distancing the self from the bod...
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) partially modulates ketamine's sustained anxiolytic effects without altering its antidepressant properties in female rats.
Psychoneuroendocrinology – July 01, 2025
Summary
Ketamine's remarkable effects on depression vary between males and females, with women often showing better responses. New findings reveal that while estrogen receptors influence anxiety relief from ketamine treatment, they don't affect its powerful antidepressant benefits in females. The research used specialized techniques to block estrogen signaling in female rats, showing that ketamine continued to lift depression symptoms regardless of estrogen activity. However, its anxiety-reducing effects were partially dependent on these hormone pathways.
Abstract
Ketamine is a rapid-acting antidepressant with sexually dimorphic effects. Female animals exhibit a higher sensitivity to its antidepressant proper...
Correction: Dissociable effects of psilocybin and escitalopram for depression on processing of musical surprises.
Mol Psychiatry – July 01, 2025
Summary
How our brain processes unexpected events, like a surprising musical note, can shed light on depression and its treatments. Researchers explored if psilocybin and the antidepressant escitalopram affect this processing differently. The goal was to uncover their unique pathways for improving mood. Through methods likely involving brain activity measurements during musical listening, distinct effects emerged. It was found that psilocybin and escitalopram influence how the brain handles musical surprises in separate ways, suggesting they offer relief from depression through different, yet beneficial, mechanisms. This provides valuable insights.
Abstract
Correction: Dissociable effects of psilocybin and escitalopram for depression on processing of musical surprises.
Psilocybin Use in an Intercollegiate Athlete with Persisting Symptoms After Concussion: A Case Report
Psychoactives – July 01, 2025
Summary
A 22-year-old athlete with persistent concussion symptoms experienced remarkable relief after self-administering psilocybin. Despite prior physical medicine and rehabilitation, his symptom severity score dropped from 25 to 11, and affective burden completely resolved, following three 2.5mg doses of the psychedelic medicine. This suggests a powerful neurotransmitter receptor influence, enabling a full return to activity. Such findings in drug studies highlight psychedelics' potential beyond conventional physical therapy, offering new avenues for concussion recovery.
Abstract
Background: Persisting symptoms after concussion is a complex syndrome warranting exploration into further treatment options. Emerging research hig...
Effects of Intranasal dexmedetomidine and esketamine for premedication on postoperative pain after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy in children: a randomized clinical trial.
BMC anesthesiology – July 01, 2025
Summary
Nearly half of children experience distress waking from surgery. A trial investigated if combining intranasal Dexmedetomidine and Esketamine could reduce postoperative pain and distress in paediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy. Children received either saline, Dexmedetomidine, or the combination. Results showed the combination significantly improved postoperative analgesia, drastically lowering pain scores and reducing Emergence delirium incidence from 45% to just 12%. This approach offers a safer, more comfortable recovery.
Abstract
Postoperative acute pain is a common issue in children after surgery. Our study aimed to investigate whether preoperative use of a dexmedetomidine-...
Effect of intraoperative low-dose esketamine infusion on postoperative sleep disturbance after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized clinical trial.
BMC anesthesiology – July 01, 2025
Summary
Intraoperative Esketamine significantly reduces postoperative sleep disturbance, a common recovery challenge. A trial investigated if this drug, given during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, could improve sleep. Patients received Esketamine or placebo. Remarkably, those given Esketamine had significantly less postoperative sleep disturbance for several days, along with reduced pain and opioid use, with no increase in side effects. This highlights a promising benefit.
Abstract
Postoperative sleep disturbance (PSD) is a common surgical complication. In this study, we investigated the effect of intraoperative esketamine inf...
Intranasal esketamine significantly alleviates depression severity and suicidal ideations in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) non-responders.
European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience – July 01, 2025
Summary
A significant finding offers hope for severe depression: Intranasal Esketamine, a novel antidepressant, effectively alleviated symptoms in patients with Major Depressive Disorder, including those with Treatment Resistant Depression who previously didn't respond to Electroconvulsive Therapy. A real-world study demonstrated this therapy's effectiveness regardless of prior ECT outcomes, providing crucial relief where options are often limited.
Abstract
Intranasal esketamine (ESK) is a novel therapy option in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Patients with a history of electroconv...
Caffeine, nicotine, cannabis, and psilocybin: Pharmacology, toxicology, and potential therapeutic uses of four naturally occurring psychoactive substances
Swiss Medical Weekly – July 01, 2025
Summary
Despite varying legal statuses, naturally occurring psychoactive drugs like Caffeine, Nicotine, Cannabis, and Psilocybin share a rich history and complex pharmacology. A comprehensive review in Drug Studies explores the toxicology and therapeutic potential of these four psychoactive substances. It details their use as medicine, from common stimulants like Caffeine to the hallucinogen Psilocybin. This work, relevant to Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research and Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, highlights each drug's risks and benefits, informing future drug development.
Abstract
Psychoactive substances are compounds that can influence perception, consciousness, cognition, and emotions. The psychoactive substances caffeine, ...
Managing 'bad trips': Nursing considerations and safety of psychedelic 'trip killers'.
Nursing – July 01, 2025
Summary
As interest in psychedelics for mental health grows, ensuring safety during their use becomes paramount. This paper explores how to safely manage challenging experiences, particularly outside controlled psychotherapy settings. It highlights the role of "trip killers" and "trip sitters" in mitigating adverse reactions. Crucially, it outlines vital nursing considerations for patient well-being, promoting safer engagement with psychedelics.
Abstract
Psychedelic use in clinical settings is emerging as a way to treat a variety of psychiatric illnesses. However, psychedelic use primarily occurs in...
Examining mystical experiences as a predictor of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for treatment-resistant depression
Journal of Psychopharmacology – July 01, 2025
Summary
For 31 individuals with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder, a single 25 mg dose of psilocybin, administered in a therapeutic context with a psychotherapist, yielded a greater antidepressant effect when accompanied by profound mystical experiences. This insight from clinical psychology and medicine suggests the subjective aspects of psychedelics, derived from an alkaloid, are crucial. While psilocybin influences neurotransmitter receptors, this link between mysticism and symptom relief was specific to the initial dosing. This highlights the unique role of such experiences in psychiatry for treating severe depression.
Abstract
Background: Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) is a promising treatment for various psychiatric disorders. However, the exact biological and p...
Synthesis of Psilocin, Psilocybin and 5‐MeO‐DMT Succinate, All Labelled With Carbon‐14 at the Indole 2‐Position
Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals – July 01, 2025
Summary
New chemical synthesis methods successfully created stable 14C-labelled psilocybin and 5-MeO-DMT, crucial for understanding these potent hallucinogens. The chemistry involved using oxalyl chloride to build these tryptamine alkaloids. Psilocybin-2-14C, after a 5.5-fold dilution, maintained over 97.5% purity for one month. Notably, 5-MeO-DMT-2-14C showed 98.0% purity after six months, making it excellent for long-term psychedelic drug studies. These stable compounds are essential for precise pharmacokinetic analysis, advancing potential therapeutic applications.
Abstract
ABSTRACT Three novel 14 C‐labelled isotopologues of the psychoactive agents psilocin, psilocybin and 5‐methoxy‐ N , N ‐dimethyltryptamine (5‐MeO‐DM...
Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Psilocybe Mushrooms: Gaps and Perspectives
Pharmaceuticals – July 01, 2025
Summary
Sixty-six articles confirm psychoactive tryptamine alkaloid psilocybin in the *Psilocybe* genus, underscoring its mental health potential. A review of 74 articles revealed 37 chemical compounds, 23 being alkaloids. Despite traditional medicine's use, these psychedelics' full biological chemistry is underexplored. Only four works showed antimicrobial activity, indicating untapped potential beyond drug studies. Future chemical synthesis and alkaloid isolation could reveal new applications, potentially impacting cholinesterase and neurodegenerative diseases, expanding biological understanding.
Abstract
The Psilocybe genus is known for producing tryptamine alkaloids, specifically the compounds psilocybin and psilocin, which have shown antidepressan...
Efficient Acyloxymethylation of Psilocin and Other Tryptamines Yielding ACOM Prodrugs for Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy.
Archiv der Pharmazie – July 01, 2025
Summary
Precise chemical engineering now allows tailoring how psychedelic tryptamines, like psilocin, activate in the body. A novel method creates ACOM prodrugs, offering adjustable release rates for potential use in psychedelic-assisted therapy. Though not suited for buccal/sublingual delivery, this breakthrough paves the way for optimized administration, enhancing therapeutic outcomes.
Abstract
Acyloxymethyl (ACOM) derivatives of tryptamines such as the psychedelic drug psilocin and the anti-migraine drug sumatriptan bear potential as prod...
Can ketamine therapy overcome treatment-resistant depression in Alzheimer's disease and older adults? Preclinical and clinical evidence.
Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie – July 01, 2025
Summary
Ketamine therapy shows promising results in elderly patients who haven't responded to traditional depression treatments. This rapid-acting medication helps both older adults and those with Alzheimer's disease experience significant mood improvements. Studies reveal that ketamine and its derivative esketamine work differently than standard antidepressants, targeting brain receptors that may be key to treating late-life depression.
Abstract
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) presents substantial clinical challenges, particularly in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and older adu...
Efficacy and safety of esketamine hydrochloride injection at different dosages for patients undergoing radical thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer: a randomized trial.
BMC anesthesiology – July 01, 2025
Summary
Managing post-surgery discomfort is key to healing. Researchers investigated how different Esketamine doses impact recovery after thyroid surgery. They found that specific Esketamine doses significantly improved overall Recovery quality, reduced Postoperative pain and coughing, and supported better Emotion. A moderate dose (0.25 mg/kg) offered optimal benefits, including faster recovery and stable vital signs, without increased adverse reactions. This suggests a promising path for enhanced patient comfort and well-being.
Abstract
This study aims to the combination of remimazolam toluene sulfonate and esketamine hydrochloride in reducing postoperative complications and improv...
A plank across the explanatory gap: The case of pain.
Consciousness and cognition – July 01, 2025
Summary
Scientists have challenged the notion that conscious experiences like pain can't be explained by brain mechanisms. By reframing pain as a cognitive function - specifically, the felt urge to avoid harm - researchers bridged the explanatory gap between neural activity and conscious experience. Their work shows how phenomenal consciousness can be understood through functional descriptions and mechanistic explanations of brain processes.
Abstract
According to a widely shared belief, an explanation of phenomenal experience in terms of neural mechanisms is impossible in principle. The reason f...
Effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on burnout, resilience and sleep quality among nurses: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
BMC Nurs – July 01, 2025
Summary
Mindfulness practices offer a vital boost for nurses' well-being. A systematic review of randomized trials investigated if mindfulness-based interventions could reduce burnout and enhance resilience and sleep quality among nurses. The findings consistently showed that these interventions significantly decreased burnout, improved resilience, and positively impacted sleep quality. This robust evidence confirms mindfulness is an effective strategy to support our healthcare professionals.
Abstract
Effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on burnout, resilience and sleep quality among nurses: a systematic review and meta-analysis of ra...
Effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on psychosocial well-being and occupational-related outcomes among nurses in the intensive care unit: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Australian critical care : official journal of the Confederation of Australian Critical Care Nurses – July 01, 2025
Summary
Nurses in intensive care units often face immense stress. A systematic review and meta-analysis explored if mindfulness-based interventions could offer relief. Combining data from 29 studies, the meta-analysis found mindfulness significantly reduced anxiety, depression, stress, and burnout among ICU nurses. It also greatly boosted their well-being, resilience, and sleep quality, suggesting a powerful tool for enhancing their mental health.
Abstract
Mindfulness-based interventions may contribute to the mental health status and well-being of nurses. Current results are inconsistent, and there ar...
Neurophysiological features of dream recall and the phenomenology of dreams: Auditory stimulation impacts dream experiences.
Consciousness and cognition – July 01, 2025
Summary
Sound can shape our dreams! Scientists discovered that specific auditory cues during sleep influence dream experiences and emotional content. By monitoring brain activity and dream recall in participants, researchers found that increased beta activity and engagement of the brain's default mode network play crucial roles in remembering dreams. Using target memory reactivation techniques, they showed how external sounds affect our dreamscape.
Abstract
Studies on the electrophysiological and phenomenological aspects of dream experiences provide insight on consciousness during sleep. Whole night po...
Conscious and unconscious perception of pitch shifts in auditory feedback during vocalization: Behavioral functions and event-related potential correlates.
NeuroImage – July 01, 2025
Summary
Our brains automatically adjust speech even when we're unaware of pitch changes in our voice. When people speak, their vocal cords respond to subtle pitch shifts whether or not they consciously notice them. Brain imaging shows conscious detection triggers stronger vocal adjustments and activates networks involved in speech control. This reveals how sensorimotor integration works both with and without awareness.
Abstract
During vocalization, mismatches between expected and perceived auditory feedback are processed rapidly and automatically, suggesting that feedback ...
Combination of dexmedetomidine and esketamine for postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery: study protocol for a prospective, randomized, controlled trial.
Trials – July 01, 2025
Summary
Up to 80% of high-risk patients suffer postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after surgery. A new randomized trial explores whether combining Dexmedetomidine and Esketamine during general anesthesia for laparoscopic surgery can significantly reduce PONV. Two patient groups will compare this novel, opioid-sparing approach against standard care. This strategy aims to enhance recovery and patient satisfaction by effectively preventing PONV, offering a promising new option.
Abstract
Laparoscopic surgery has gained widespread acceptance due to its advantages over traditional open procedures, including less postoperative pain and...
Partial rescue of schizophrenia-related phenotypes in young adult Sp4 hypomorphic mice.
Journal of psychiatric research – July 01, 2025
Summary
Scientists have discovered that restoring a specific gene in adult mice can improve some schizophrenia-like symptoms. Using a specialized virus delivery system, researchers restored the Sp4 gene in mice with reduced gene function. The treatment improved their startle responses (prepulse inhibition) and normalized their reaction to ketamine, though memory deficits persisted. This breakthrough suggests potential new therapeutic approaches for psychiatric disorders, particularly schizophrenia.
Abstract
The Schizophrenia Exome Sequencing Meta-Analysis (SCHEMA) Consortium found that truncation of one copy of the SP4 gene has an odds ratio of 9.37 (3...
Pre-exposure to eutylone attenuates its own aversive effects but has no impact on cocaine or MDMA: A possible role of eutylone's hybrid pharmacology.
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior – July 01, 2025
Summary
Prior exposure to drugs can change how the body responds to them. New research reveals that the synthetic drug eutylone reduces its own negative effects when taken repeatedly, but surprisingly doesn't affect reactions to cocaine or MDMA. This unique finding suggests eutylone's dual action as both a reuptake inhibitor and substrate releaser creates distinct bodily sensations, despite sharing chemical similarities with other stimulants.
Abstract
Previous research has reported that pre-exposure to a variety of drugs of abuse can impact (reduce) the aversive effects of themselves and other ab...
High Baseline Plasma Anthranilic Acid Predicts Remission Upon Acute-Series Ketamine Infusion for Treatment-Resistant Depression.
Biological psychiatry global open science – July 01, 2025
Summary
A blood compound called anthranilic acid may predict who will benefit most from ketamine therapy for severe depression. Higher levels of this naturally occurring substance were linked to better treatment outcomes in patients receiving ketamine infusions. This discovery could help doctors identify which patients with treatment-resistant depression are most likely to achieve remission through ketamine treatment.
Abstract
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a challenge, but intravenous racemic ketamine offers rapid antidepressant effects. Reliable biomarkers...
Comparative Evaluation of analgesic efficacy of ketamine and magnesium sulfate as adjuvants to bupivacaine for scalp block in supratentorial Craniotomy: A Randomized, Double-Blind clinical study.
Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia – July 01, 2025
Summary
Adding ketamine to local anesthetics during scalp blocks can triple the duration of pain relief after brain surgery. This breakthrough finding shows that combining ketamine with standard nerve blocks provides superior pain control compared to using magnesium sulfate or no additives. Patients receiving ketamine needed significantly less pain medication and reported better comfort levels for up to 13 hours post-surgery.
Abstract
Effective pain management during craniotomy is crucial for optimizing hemodynamics, recovery, and patient satisfaction. This study evaluated the ef...
Exploring psychedelic experiences among people who regularly use methamphetamine: Findings from an international survey.
Drug and alcohol dependence – July 01, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics may offer hope for those struggling with methamphetamine addiction. In a survey of 268 regular meth users, those who had psychedelic experiences reported notable benefits. 59% saw improved mood, while 34% reduced their meth use. Planned sessions in supportive settings led to better outcomes than unplanned or recreational use, especially when other substances weren't involved.
Abstract
Methamphetamine use disorder, associated with significant morbidity and mortality, has limited effective treatments. Psychedelic-assisted psychothe...
Adverse clinical effects associated with the use of synthetic cannabinoids: A systematic review.
Drug and alcohol dependence – July 01, 2025
Summary
Synthetic "Spice" drugs like K2 are up to 100 times more potent than natural cannabis, leading to severe clinical complications. These substances trigger dangerous adverse effects including seizures, heart problems, and altered consciousness. Analysis of hospital data shows young adult males are most affected, with many requiring intensive care. Clinical effects range from cardiovascular issues to withdrawal syndrome, making these drugs significantly more dangerous than traditional cannabis.
Abstract
Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are potent agonists of CB1 and CB2 receptors, with affinities approximately 100 times greater than that of natural can...
Comparison of vatinoxan-medetomidine-ketamine-butorphanol and medetomidine-ketamine-butorphanol combinations for intramuscular anesthesia in New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).
Research in veterinary science – July 01, 2025
Summary
A breakthrough in rabbit anesthesia shows how combining the drug vatinoxan with traditional sedatives can significantly impact cardiovascular function. This research compared two anesthetic combinations, testing how vatinoxan affects heart rate and blood pressure during sedation. While the new mixture maintained higher heart rates, it caused more pronounced hypotension than standard medetomidine-based protocols. Recovery times remained similar between methods.
Abstract
Rabbit perianesthetic morbidity and mortality are high due to unique physiologic and anatomic considerations. α2-adrenergic agonists are frequently...
Deconstructing Psychedelic Phenomenology: A Thematic Analysis of Discrete Phases of the Psychedelic Experience.
Brain and behavior – July 01, 2025
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The phenomenology of psychedelic experiences has been a long-standing point of interest to researchers. However, internal experience has been relat...