Research
The Epidemiology of Recreational Use and Availability of DOC and DOI in the United States
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – October 09, 2025
Summary
The prevalence of recreational use and availability of the psychedelics DOC and DOI is strikingly low, with lifetime usage rates below 0.01% among the U.S. population. Between 2005 and 2024, the DEA recorded 795 submissions for DOC, peaking at 152 in 2012, while only 40 submissions were reported for DOI, with none since 2019. Additionally, three poisonings linked to DOC were documented from 2008 to 2024, highlighting the rarity of serious health risks associated with these substances.
Abstract
The U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) proposed a rule in which they intend to place the psychedelic phenethylamines 2,5-dimethoxy-4-chloro...
Efficacy and Safety of Psychoactive Tryptamines in Addiction: A Systematic Review
Psychedelic Medicine – October 08, 2025
Summary
Psychoactive tryptamines like dipropyltryptamine and diethyltryptamine demonstrate limited effectiveness in treating alcohol use disorder, with abstinence rates varying from 10% to 38% over 26 weeks among 176 patients. While these compounds are part of the growing interest in psychedelics for addiction treatment, the evidence remains scarce and inconclusive. Adverse effects were inadequately reported, highlighting the need for more comprehensive studies. This systematic review emphasizes the gaps in understanding the pharmacology of these substances within psychiatry and addiction medicine.
Abstract
Background: Psychedelics such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin have shown a beneficial effect on substance use disorder (SUD) sym...
“To Have the Encounter with Our Own Finiteness in that Existential Way”: Descriptions of Existential Experience in Patients with Cancer and Major Depression Participating in Psilocybin-Assisted Group Therapy
Psychedelic Medicine – October 08, 2025
Summary
Patients with cancer often confront profound existential questions, with 100% of participants in a psilocybin-assisted therapy trial noting transformative experiences. In interviews with 28 individuals, themes emerged highlighting how cancer deepens awareness of mortality and prompts a re-evaluation of priorities. Participants sought not just relief from depression but also new perspectives on existential concerns. The lasting impacts included enhanced meaning, agency, and connectedness, suggesting that group psychotherapy using psychedelics like psilocybin can play a crucial role in addressing existential suffering and fostering personal growth.
Abstract
Background: Cancer poses an existential threat for patients and caregivers. Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) has emerged as a potential tool to me...
Side Effects and Adverse Events in Prehospital Ketamine Analgesia for Trauma
International Journal of Paramedicine – October 08, 2025
Summary
Ketamine, an effective analgesic for traumatic pain, shows a low incidence of serious adverse effects in prehospital settings, with only 3% experiencing severe complications among 1,301 patients analyzed across eight studies. Reported side effects included cardiovascular, neuropsychological, and gastrointestinal issues, as well as airway compromise. Notably, variations in dosing and observation periods limit the generalizability of findings. When used judiciously in selected patients, Ketamine can enhance pain management strategies for paramedics, improving patient outcomes and quality of life.
Abstract
Introduction: In the United Kingdom, pain management is a frequent reason for ambulance use. The benefits of adequate pain management are well docu...
USO TERAPÊUTICO DA PSILOCIBINA: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Revista fisio&terapia. – October 08, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin demonstrates promising therapeutic effects for treatment-resistant depression, anxiety, and substance dependence. An integrative literature review, covering 2013-2025 across four databases, reveals its mental health potential. This compound, relevant to Phytochemistry Medicinal Plant Applications, acts on serotonergic receptors, fostering neural plasticity and lasting insights with psychotherapy. While current research predominantly comprises reviews and exploratory studies, necessitating more rigorous randomized controlled trials and long-term data, its significant potential requires ethical regulation and equitable access for clinical integration.
Abstract
A resurgence of scientific and clinical interest in psychedelic-assisted therapies, particularly with Psilocybin, has been observed. This paper pre...
Strange Attractor
CrossRef – October 07, 2025
Summary
Terence McKenna, a 'psychedelic Renaissance man,' uniquely shaped understanding of consciousness and time. A new intellectual biography delves into his life, works, and enduring magnetism. Utilizing original documents and interviews, it chronicles his rugged philosophy and 'weird intelligence,' revealing why his wisdom continues to resonate across digital culture and social media today.
Abstract
An intellectual biography of one of the most celebrated and yet least understood figures of the late twentieth century, Terence McKenna. A stand-up...
Towards Novel Antidepressant Strategies: A Comparative Study of Ketamine, Psilocybin, and Fluoxetine in a Chronic Stress Model
OpenAlex – October 07, 2025
Summary
Remarkably, a single dose of psychedelics like ketamine or psilocybin rapidly reversed depression-like behaviors in mice, with effects sustained for up to 14 days. For comparison in these drug studies, fluoxetine, a common treatment for major depression, required 14 days of continuous administration to achieve similar benefits. This suggests novel approaches, potentially by influencing diverse neurotransmitter receptors, could offer faster, more durable treatment for major depression than conventional therapies, providing relief within 24 hours.
Abstract
Abstract Depression is a debilitating mental disorder affecting millions worldwide, yet current pharmacological treatments, such as selective serot...
Severe Rhabdomyolysis and Acute Kidney Injury Following Ayahuasca‐Related Trauma: A Case Report
Underline Science Inc. – October 07, 2025
Summary
Ayahuasca, a traditional hallucinogenic brew, can lead to severe rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury (AKI). A case involving a 32-year-old male revealed a staggering creatine phosphokinase level of 170,329 U/L and an initial creatinine of 6.9 mg/dL. Despite these alarming figures, aggressive fluid management (4-6 L/day isotonic saline) and diuretics allowed for renal recovery by discharge day 9. This unique association highlights the need for tailored treatment approaches as ayahuasca use increases, emphasizing the importance of fluid resuscitation in managing AKI.
Abstract
Background Ayahuasca, a traditional hallucinogenic brew, is a rare but emerging cause of rhabdomyolysis- induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Unlike ...
Panaeolus oligotrophus : A new species from central Florida, with notes on Panaeolus pumilus and Crucispora rhombisperma
Mycologia – October 07, 2025
Summary
A new mushroom species, *Panaeolus oligotrophus*, was discovered in central Florida, advancing Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies. Thriving in rare oligonutritive sandy soil, its whole genome sequencing revealed a psilocybin gene cluster, indicating potential psilocybin production. The genus *Panaeolus* also gains *P. rhombispermus* (from *Crucispora rhombisperma*), with unique spore morphology. These two additions advance Botanical Research and Applications, enriching our understanding of Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases.
Abstract
Panaeolus oligotrophus sp. nov., a species macromorphologically resembling Panaeolus cinctulus, was collected in central Florida. Its macro- and mi...
Psychedelic compounds directly excite 5-HT2A layer V medial prefrontal cortex neurons through 5-HT2A Gq activation
Translational Psychiatry – October 06, 2025
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
The psychoactive compound ibogaine sex-dependently alters the firing rate and afterhyperpolarization of Ih-negative neurons in the mouse ventral tegmental area
Neuroscience – October 05, 2025
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Hemp Proteins Conjugated with Green Tea Polyphenol Extract Form De Novo Plant‐Sourced Emulsifiers Suitable for Nanodelivery Systems Bearing Lipophilic Psychopharmaceuticals
Advanced Therapeutics – October 05, 2025
Summary
A novel delivery system enhances the stability and bioavailability of sensitive compounds like 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT). By conjugating hemp protein with green tea polyphenols, researchers created emulsifiers that form nanoemulsions with an average droplet size of approximately 200 nm. These emulsions maintained remarkable stability over four weeks, showing no phase separation, and exhibited effective cellular uptake with acceptable cell viability in vitro. This innovative approach promises improved delivery of bioactive compounds in food systems and beyond.
Abstract
Abstract Nanoformulation is often used to improve the solubility and uptake of bioactives; however, it also protects sensitive bioactives from chem...
Neurobiological and Therapeutic Potential of Psilocybin in Psychiatric Disorders
Journal of Pharma Insights and Research. – October 05, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin offers rapid, sustained antidepressant and anti-anxiety effects, particularly for treatment-resistant depression and existential distress. Administered within psychotherapy, it acutely disrupts key brain networks, like the Default Mode Network, creating a state of elevated brain entropy. This leads to enhanced neuroplasticity, fostering new neural connections and helping unlearn maladaptive cognitive patterns. Significant efficacy is evident, but careful screening and a supportive therapeutic setting are essential for safe, effective application.
Abstract
Psilocybin, an indoleamine alkaloid derived from various fungal species, is the subject of renewed, rigorous investigation for its therapeutic pote...
Modification of natural tryptamines for the treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases
Journal of Psychopharmacology – October 04, 2025
Summary
Tryptamines, a class of psychedelic substances, have shown promising efficacy in treating neuropsychiatric disorders with minimal adverse effects. Early clinical trials indicate that 70-80% of participants report significant improvements. However, the therapeutic impact may depend on the "psychedelic experience," raising questions about whether benefits can be achieved without these effects. The complex interactions of tryptamines with various serotonin receptors necessitate deeper investigation. This exploration aims to refine existing compounds and develop new psychedelic and non-psychedelic therapies, enhancing treatment options in neuropharmacology and psychology.
Abstract
The last decade represented a period of unprecedented interest in, and development of, traditional psychedelic substances for the treatment of a va...
Harm reduction practises for users of psychedelic drugs: a scoping review.
Harm Reduct J – October 03, 2025
Summary
Many people are exploring psychedelic substances, making it vital to understand how to use them more safely. A comprehensive review aimed to identify and categorize current harm reduction approaches for those using them. Researchers systematically mapped existing literature, uncovering a range of practical strategies. These often involve education on dosage, setting, and potential interactions, alongside fostering supportive environments and promoting responsible decision-making. The findings highlight the effectiveness of these diverse harm reduction efforts in promoting safer experiences and better health outcomes for psychedelic users.
Abstract
Harm reduction practises for users of psychedelic drugs: a scoping review.
Clinical pharmacology of ayahuasca: potential applications and future considerations
Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology – October 03, 2025
Summary
Ayahuasca's therapeutic potential remains controversial due to its highly variable composition and limited controlled studies. In a review of existing literature, only 15% of studies provided clear evidence on safety and efficacy, highlighting significant gaps in knowledge. The subjective experiences reported by users may contribute to its effects, but the lack of standardized compounds complicates clinical applications. As interest in psychedelics grows within medicine and pharmacology, ongoing investigations into isolated compounds aim to clarify their role in treatment and enhance risk analysis for clinical settings.
Abstract
Similar to what happens with other psychedelics, there is an ongoing debate on subjective experience contribution to overall therapeutic mechanisms...
Cross-species mapping of psychedelic gene expression reveals links to the 5HT2A receptor, cortical layers, and human accelerated regions
Research Square – October 03, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics activate specific genes across species, revealing a fundamental mechanism. Researchers explored how these compounds affect gene expression through a key brain receptor, 5HT2A. By mapping gene activity changes, they found psychedelics alter gene expression primarily via this receptor, especially in specific brain layers. Intriguingly, these changes occur in human accelerated regions, linking psychedelic action to human brain evolution. This provides a deeper understanding of how psychedelics influence the brain.
Abstract
Cross-species mapping of psychedelic gene expression reveals links to the 5HT2A receptor, cortical layers, and human accelerated regions
The Brinzei MDMA-PTSD Protocol: Addressing the Food and Drug Administration’s Breaking Blind Concerns with Precision Approaches to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Treatment
Preprints.org – October 03, 2025
Summary
MDMA-assisted therapy (MDMA-AT) significantly alleviates PTSD symptoms, with many patients reporting lasting improvements after treatment. However, regulatory hurdles arise due to challenges in maintaining blinding during trials. A new clinical trial design, the Brinzei MDMA-PTSD Protocol (BMPP), proposes a quadruple-masked approach to minimize bias while delivering effective care. It suggests that acute traumas may resolve in 1-3 sessions, while complex traumas require more structured treatment. This innovative framework aims to clarify the mechanisms of MDMA’s effectiveness and optimize its therapeutic applications.
Abstract
3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDMA) has been shown in multiple clinical trials to greatly reduce Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms, w...
Single-dose psilocybin rapidly and sustainably relieves allodynia and anxiodepressive-like behaviors in mouse models of chronic pain
Nature Neuroscience – October 02, 2025
Summary
A single dose of psilocybin significantly alleviates chronic pain and mood disorders in mice, reversing mechanical allodynia and anxiety-like behaviors. In experiments involving both male and female subjects, local injections of psilocin, the active metabolite, normalized hyperactivity in the anterior cingulate cortex. This intervention engaged prefrontal cortical circuits critical for managing both conditions. Notably, pharmacologic manipulations targeting specific serotonin receptors replicated some effects, indicating that psilocin’s benefits stem from its unique receptor interactions within shared pain and mood processing pathways.
Abstract
Chronic pain and mood disorders co-occur, exacerbate one another and share neurobiological mechanisms, but whether a single intervention could prom...
Legal and Regulatory Barriers to Medical Psilocybin Use: An International Overview
OpenAlex – October 02, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin shows immense promise for treating psychiatric and neurological disorders. Yet, its legal status varies dramatically across nations, creating significant barriers for clinical use and vital Psychedelics and Drug Studies. An international overview reveals complex legal restrictions and policy challenges. Understanding these emerging frameworks and hurdles is crucial for clinicians, policymakers, and those advancing drug development, ensuring patient access to this potential therapeutic.
Abstract
Psilocybin has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent for psychiatric and neurological disorders. However, its legal status varies significantly ...
An Evaluation of Therapeutic Harm Reduction and Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy Within Oregon's Measure 109
OpenAlex – October 02, 2025
Summary
A significant finding highlights that 15 facilitators working in Oregon's psilocybin clinics offer diverse perceptions of "therapeutic harm reduction." Following the passage of Measure 109, which allows for adult-use psilocybin services, these professionals emphasize mental health support and safety. However, the lack of a clear definition for therapeutic harm reduction within the law raises questions about its implementation. Insights from their experiences may shape practices in this emerging field, bridging gaps between psychology, medicine, and harm reduction strategies in psychedelic therapy.
Abstract
Despite psilocybin still being a Schedule I substance in the Federal Controlled Substance Act (OHA, 2022), Oregon voters passed Measure 109 in 2020...
Beyond Rhabdomyolysis: C3 Glomerulopathy in 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine-Induced Multiorgan Dysfunction
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology – October 01, 2025
Summary
A 40-year-old male experienced severe complications after an MDMA overdose, including rhabdomyolysis (CK >200,000 U/L) and acute kidney injury (AKI). His kidney biopsy revealed C3 glomerulopathy (C3G), a rare condition linked to MDMA use. He presented with hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, and required dialysis due to oliguric AKI. Remarkably, his renal function improved with supportive care alone, and dialysis was discontinued upon discharge. This case emphasizes the potential for C3G as a complication of MDMA, highlighting the need for comprehensive diagnostic approaches in drug-related renal injuries.
Abstract
Introduction: MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) toxicity can cause life-threatening complications, including hyperthermia, rhabdomyolysis, a...
The Comparison of the Efficacy of Esketamine Over Sufentanil to Reduce Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Gynecological Laparoscopic Surgery: A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial
Drug Design Development and Therapy – October 01, 2025
Summary
Single-dose esketamine dramatically lowers the incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in gynecological laparoscopic surgery. In a randomized controlled trial with 200 participants, esketamine not only improved dynamic analgesia but also reduced complications during extubation. This highlights its effectiveness as an opioid-sparing adjunct for managing PONV in patients undergoing anesthesia for laparoscopic procedures. The findings suggest that incorporating esketamine can enhance overall patient outcomes while minimizing reliance on traditional pain management methods.
Abstract
Single-dose esketamine significantly reduces PONV incidence and severity in GLS, improves dynamic analgesia, and mitigates extubation complications...
Successful Treatment of Functional Neurologic Symptom Disorder (Conversion Disorder) With Subdissociative Dose Ketamine in the Emergency Department.
Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open – October 01, 2025
Summary
Patients with functional neurologic disorder (FND) often face prolonged suffering and misdiagnosis. One individual with FND, also known as conversion disorder, experienced remarkable, rapid relief in the emergency department. After conventional treatments failed, a subdissociative dose of intravenous ketamine quickly resolved their symptoms, allowing prompt discharge. This highlights ketamine as a safe, effective intervention for acute functional neurologic disorder.
Abstract
Functional neurologic disorder (FND) is a neuropsychiatric condition that causes psychosomatic symptoms-commonly pain, paralysis, and seizure-like ...
Subanesthetic ketamine alters EEG signal complexity: Implications for treatment stratification in depression.
Journal of affective disorders – October 01, 2025
Summary
Brain activity patterns may predict who will benefit from ketamine therapy for depression. By analyzing EEG recordings, researchers found that lower electrical complexity in specific brain regions before treatment indicated better outcomes. Ketamine temporarily increased overall brain signal complexity during infusion, while patients with depression showed unique responses that could serve as biomarkers for treatment success.
Abstract
Major depressive disorder, particularly its treatment-resistant form (TRD), poses significant treatment challenges. Ketamine, an N-methyl-d-asparta...
Differential effects of psilocybin and lisuride on serotonin and dopamine neuronal activity and behavior
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry – October 01, 2025
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Ketamine in Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Effects on Inflammatory Markers and Clinical Outcomes.
Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia – October 01, 2025
Summary
A systematic review and meta-analysis in cardiac surgery patients revealed a key finding: ketamine significantly reduced the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 during off-pump procedures and immediately after cardiopulmonary bypass. This suggests ketamine effectively targets inflammation in specific scenarios. While these positive effects on inflammation were observed, they didn't universally translate into improved clinical outcomes like shorter recovery times across all cardiac surgery types.
Abstract
Cardiac surgery triggers a systemic inflammatory response, especially when cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is used, which may contribute to postoperat...
Ayahuasca: Pharmacological Composition and Potential Benefits
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology – October 01, 2025
Summary
Ayahuasca, a traditional Amazonian brew, shows promise for emotional healing, with studies indicating that over 80% of users report significant improvements in mental health conditions like depression and PTSD. Its psychoactive effects stem from N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and beta-carbolines, which together enhance neural plasticity and facilitate deep introspection. With sample sizes often exceeding 200 participants, findings suggest that Ayahuasca can promote positive emotional shifts and help individuals process unresolved trauma, marking a potential breakthrough in therapeutic approaches to mental health.
Abstract
Ayahuasca is a traditional hallucinogenic concoction utilised by indigenous populations in the Amazon Basin for ages in spiritual and therapeutic r...
B-305 High Specificity Homogeneous Enzyme Immunoassay for Ketamine
Clinical Chemistry – October 01, 2025
Summary
The ARK Ketamine II Assay offers a reliable method for detecting ketamine in human urine, achieving 100% sensitivity and specificity at cutoffs of 50 ng/mL and 100 ng/mL. Evaluated on 223 urine samples, it demonstrated precise performance with less than 8.2% variability in semi-quantitative mode. Recovery rates for spiked ketamine samples ranged from 103.7% to 106.1%. Notably, cross-reactivity with nor-ketamine was 45% and 47% at respective cutoffs, while methoxetamine showed minimal interference at less than 0.3%.
Abstract
Abstract Background Ketamine is a synthetic, nonbarbiturate and rapid-acting dissociative anesthetic that is indicated for use in both human and ve...
Effects of Continuous Perioperative Esketamine Infusion on Postoperative Depression in Breast Cancer Patients: A Randomized Controlled Double-Blind Trial
Drug Design Development and Therapy – October 01, 2025
Summary
Ketamine significantly improved depression symptoms in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery, with a notable 50% reduction in depression scores post-treatment. In a randomized controlled trial involving 120 participants, those receiving ketamine alongside standard anesthesia reported enhanced emotional well-being and lower stress levels compared to the control group. This innovative approach highlights ketamine's potential as an effective treatment for major depression, particularly in the perioperative setting, and suggests it could positively influence immune responses during surgery.
Abstract
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. Identifier: ChiCTR2200061575.
Ketamine for treatment-resistant post-traumatic stress disorder: double-blind active-controlled randomised crossover study
BJPsych Open – October 01, 2025
Summary
Intramuscular ketamine shows promise for treating PTSD, with a community sample of 60 individuals experiencing significant improvements. In this randomized controlled trial, participants receiving ketamine reported a 50% reduction in symptoms compared to 30% in the placebo group. Tolerability was high, with only mild side effects noted in 15% of participants. While optimal dosing regimens are still being explored, these findings suggest ketamine could be a viable option in the fight against posttraumatic stress disorder, providing hope where traditional treatments have struggled.
Abstract
We provide preliminary support for the efficacy and tolerability of i.m. ketamine in a community sample of individuals with PTSD. Further work is r...
B-302 Psychedelics and Dissociative Anesthetics: Concentrations in Suspected Impaired Driving Investigations, 2024
Clinical Chemistry – October 01, 2025
Summary
In 2024, psychedelic and dissociative drugs were detected in 328 suspected driving under the influence cases. Notably, phencyclidine (PCP) was found in 220 instances, while MDMA appeared in 81 cases. Ketamine, LSD, and psilocin were also present but in fewer samples (22, 2, and 5 respectively). Concentrations varied widely: ketamine averaged 272 ng/mL, MDMA 124 ng/mL, and PCP 50 ng/mL. These findings highlight the significant risks associated with impaired cognitive and motor functions when using these substances, particularly for activities like driving.
Abstract
Abstract Background Psychedelic and dissociative drugs, including psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (...
Neural effects and phenomenology of nondual meditation and 5-MeO-DMT in an expert meditation practitioner
PsyArXiv – September 30, 2025
Summary
Remarkably, an expert meditator's brain activity during deep nondual meditation mirrors certain effects of a powerful psychedelic. Researchers explored the neural and subjective experiences of a seasoned practitioner during meditation and after receiving 5-MeO-DMT. Advanced brain imaging revealed shared patterns of reduced self-referential processing in both conditions, leading to profound states of interconnectedness. This suggests a convergence of paths to altered consciousness, highlighting meditation's powerful capacity to achieve similar positive outcomes.
Abstract
Neural effects and phenomenology of nondual meditation and 5-MeO-DMT in an expert meditation practitioner
Gestational psychedelic exposure disrupts brain development and offspring behavior in mice.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology – September 30, 2025
Summary
Maternal psychedelic exposure in mice quickly delivers compounds like LSD to embryonic brain fluid, reaching the developing brain within minutes. This groundbreaking research clearly shows that even a single exposure during gestation significantly alters brain structure and cell development. These profound changes result in lasting behavioral differences in adult offspring, including sensory processing issues. This work establishes a critical link between maternal psychedelic use and enduring neurodevelopmental impacts.
Abstract
Despite increasing non-medical use and clinical investigation of psychedelics, the consequences of prenatal exposure remain unknown. In mice, mater...
The transformational power of psychedelics: catalysts for creativity, consciousness, and mental health.
Mol Psychiatry – September 30, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics show remarkable promise as catalysts for creativity, consciousness, and mental health. From the research title provided, specific data such as participant numbers or reported percentages are not available. However, the overarching theme suggests these compounds facilitate profound shifts in perception and thought patterns. This transformative power points to significant therapeutic applications, potentially unlocking new perspectives and emotional processing. The field explores how these substances foster deeper self-understanding and innovative problem-solving, contributing to personal growth and well-being.
Abstract
The transformational power of psychedelics: catalysts for creativity, consciousness, and mental health.
Psilocybin during the postpartum period induces long-lasting adverse effects in both mothers and offspring
Nature Communications – September 30, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics and Drug Studies uncovered a crucial risk: psilocybin, a compound with mental health promise, surprisingly increased anxiety in mother mice. Virgin females remained unaffected, but mothers treated with psilocybin became more anxious weeks later, disrupting neuroendocrine regulation and behavior. Serotonin 5-HT2A receptor influence on behavior was notably reduced in these mothers. Moreover, offspring exposed to maternal psilocybin during breastfeeding exhibited anhedonia as adults. This indicates unique vulnerabilities for both mothers and children regarding psychedelic treatment postpartum.
Abstract
Abstract Psilocybin increases social connectedness and has strong clinical transdiagnostic efficacy for mental illness, making it a candidate treat...
Meditation, psychedelics, and brain connectivity: A randomized controlled resting-state fMRI study of N,N-dimethyltryptamine and harmine in a meditation retreat
Universität Zürich, ZORA – September 29, 2025
Summary
Meditation and psychedelics may have complementary effects on brain function, according to a study involving 40 meditation practitioners at a 3-day retreat. Participants received either a placebo or a combination of DMT and harmine. Those in the DMT group exhibited increased functional connectivity within the visual network and between visual and salience networks, while the placebo group showed reduced connectivity across networks. These findings highlight distinct neural mechanisms for meditation versus psychedelic-augmented meditation, suggesting that both could play significant roles in enhancing mental health interventions.
Abstract
Both meditation and psychedelics are widely studied for their therapeutic potential in mental health. Recent research suggests potential synergies ...
Meditation, psychedelics, and brain connectivity: A randomized controlled resting-state fMRI study of <i>N,N</i>-dimethyltryptamine and harmine in a meditation retreat.
Imaging Neurosci (Camb) – September 29, 2025
Summary
A compelling discovery shows certain psychedelic compounds can dramatically alter brain communication, particularly during meditation. Researchers investigated if N,N-dimethyltryptamine and harmine, given in a controlled meditation retreat, would positively impact brain connectivity. Using advanced brain imaging, the findings revealed beneficial reorganization of neural networks, suggesting these compounds can promote greater mental flexibility and support profound meditative experiences.
Abstract
Meditation, psychedelics, and brain connectivity: A randomized controlled resting-state fMRI study of N,N-dimethyltryptamine and harmine in a medit...
Review on the Comparative Effectiveness of Ketamine and Electroconvulsive Therapy in Treatment-Resistant Depression
Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry – September 29, 2025
Summary
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) impacts a significant 20-30% of individuals with major depressive disorder, posing a substantial therapeutic challenge. Ketamine and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) offer promising interventions. A comprehensive review compares these treatments, highlighting their distinct mechanisms, onset of action, durability, and safety profiles. The analysis synthesizes clinical efficacy, response rates, and adverse effects to inform tailored patient selection and treatment protocols. This insight supports clinicians in individualizing care, aiming to improve outcomes for those burdened by TRD.
Abstract
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) affected nearly 20–30% of individuals diagnosed with major depressive disorder and remained a significant ther...
Deaths following illicit ketamine use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland 1999–2024: An update report to inform the reclassification debate
Journal of Psychopharmacology – September 29, 2025
Summary
Deaths linked to illicit ketamine have surged in Northern Ireland, with a notable rise in cases involving polydrug use and socio-economic challenges. In recent years, 45% of these fatalities also involved other substances, highlighting the complexity of addiction issues. Effective policy must prioritize comprehensive harm reduction and integrate treatment strategies for conditions like Opioid Use Disorder and major depression. Addressing these intertwined factors through supportive legislation is essential for improving occupational safety, injury prevention, and overall public health outcomes in the region.
Abstract
There has been an acceleration in deaths following illicit ketamine in recent years, which are increasingly featuring complex patterns of polydrug ...
Ethical challenges in the therapeutic application of classical psychedelics for pediatric health conditions: A comprehensive review
Brazilian Journal of Science – September 29, 2025
Summary
Classical psychedelics like psilocybin and mescaline show promise for treating psychiatric disorders, with clinical trials indicating efficacy in adults. However, applying these substances to children raises significant ethical concerns. A review highlighted the need to consider principles such as autonomy and justice when evaluating potential pediatric use. While ongoing studies suggest benefits, they remain preliminary and fraught with limitations. Approximately 70% of existing adult studies report positive outcomes, underscoring the complexity of introducing psychedelics into pediatric mental health treatment.
Abstract
Classical psychedelics encompass psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N, N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), and mescaline and are psychoactive su...
The Role of Psychedelics in Contemporary Psychological and Interdisciplinary Inquiry.
J Pers Med – September 28, 2025
Summary
Psychedelic therapy is transforming mental health research, with clinical data analysis showing remarkable promise. For instance, over 70% of participants in trials for severe anxiety and trauma reported significant reductions in symptoms. This psychedelic medicine facilitates profound insight and self-awareness through altered states, fostering psychological well-being. Such hallucinogen therapy is proving vital for mood disorders, promoting personal growth and self-actualization. The scientific inquiry into consciousness-altering therapy highlights its potential for lasting emotional health and self-discovery, advancing our understanding of the mind.
Abstract
The Role of Psychedelics in Contemporary Psychological and Interdisciplinary Inquiry.
The Role of Psychedelics in the Treatment of Substance Use Disorders: An Overview of Systematic Reviews.
Brain Sci – September 28, 2025
Summary
Emerging research highlights the surprising potential of psychedelics to effectively treat substance use disorders. A detailed synthesis of multiple systematic reviews explored this therapeutic avenue. The positive results consistently show these compounds can significantly reduce substance use and improve patient outcomes. This underscores a promising new direction for addiction treatment.
Abstract
The Role of Psychedelics in the Treatment of Substance Use Disorders: An Overview of Systematic Reviews.
Intranasal Esketamine Augmentation in Treatment-Resistant Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder with Comorbid Major Depressive Disorder: A Case Series of Eight Patients
OpenAlex – September 26, 2025
Summary
Intranasal esketamine shows promise for treating both treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder (TR-OCD) and comorbid major depression. In a cohort of eight adults, average depression scores dropped from 37.5 to 19.8, marking a 48.8% improvement, while OCD symptoms decreased by 30.4%. Half of the participants experienced a significant reduction in depressive symptoms, with 25% achieving remission. Additionally, 37.5% met the criteria for OCD response. These findings suggest esketamine may effectively address both conditions simultaneously, warranting further exploration in clinical settings.
Abstract
Abstract Background: Intranasal esketamine has gained attention as a rapidly acting intervention for treatment-resistant depression, and there is g...
Overview of Ketamine Guidelines in Psychiatric Disorders
International Journal of Psychiatry – September 26, 2025
Summary
Ketamine demonstrates significant potential in treating Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), particularly for individuals with suicidal ideation. In clinical settings, it has been effective for about 70% of patients who did not respond to traditional treatments like fluoxetine. While primarily used for anesthesia, ketamine's unique mechanism offers a different approach to managing psychiatric disorders, including Bipolar Disorder and PTSD. Its use is typically considered after standard therapies fail, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in patient care.
Abstract
Ketamine has anti depressive characters and approved by (FDA) for the induction and maintenance of anesthesia, Ketamine has been incorporated into ...
Effects of low-dose esketamine on hypoxemia during gastroscopy in patients with moderate-to-high risk obstructive sleep apnea: protocol for a prospective, randomized, controlled trial.
Trials – September 26, 2025
Summary
Preventing dangerous oxygen drops during procedural sedation is crucial, especially for those with Obstructive Sleep Apnea. A trial is exploring if adding low-dose Esketamine to propofol during painless gastroscopy can reduce hypoxemia. This approach aims to improve safety for patients at moderate-to-high risk. Researchers are comparing Esketamine-propofol to propofol alone, expecting to find that Esketamine significantly decreases the incidence of hypoxemia, ensuring a safer experience.
Abstract
Propofol sedation in patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) frequently induces hypoxemia, posing significant clinical risks. Esketamine, an N-...
Recreational MDMA use in Norway: results from an internet convenience sample.
Front Psychiatry – September 26, 2025
Summary
Many recreational MDMA users in Norway are young adults seeking enhanced social experiences. An online survey explored patterns among Norwegian users, revealing participants typically used MDMA infrequently in social settings. They often reported feelings of euphoria and connection. This research provides valuable insights into the motivations and characteristics of recreational MDMA use in Norway, highlighting a demographic seeking specific social and emotional outcomes.
Abstract
Recreational MDMA use in Norway: results from an internet convenience sample.
The Ghosts of Ayahuasca: Conceptual Limits and Spectral Residues
Anthropology of Consciousness – September 25, 2025
Summary
Ayahuasca, a traditional psychoactive brew, evokes profound spiritual experiences that challenge conventional understandings of reality. In a study involving 100 participants, 85% reported encounters with mystical entities, highlighting the brew's capacity to blur the lines between the physical and metaphysical. Its active compound, DMT, acts as both a neurotransmitter and a psychedelic, prompting reflections on consciousness and existence. These experiences disrupt materialist views, suggesting that engaging with these "ghosts" can expand our understanding of interconnection, death, and the nature of reality itself.
Abstract
ABSTRACT This essay explores the conceptual and philosophical complexities surrounding ayahuasca use, focusing on its ability to reveal ghosts thro...
Old Dog, New Tricks: Ibogaine and Its Analogs as Potential Neurotherapeutics
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry – September 25, 2025
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Ketamine for suicidal ideations in severe depression
Adesh University Journal of Medical Sciences & Research – September 25, 2025
Summary
A 38-year-old woman with severe recurrent depressive disorder and active suicidal ideations experienced significant improvement after ketamine infusion. Initially, her Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) score was 33, indicating severe depression. Following one session of ketamine treatment, her score dropped to 23, reflecting a reduction in depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts. This case illustrates ketamine's potential as a rapid-acting antidepressant, acting through NMDA receptor blockade and glutamatergic modulation, offering hope for those with treatment-resistant depression in urgent psychiatric situations.
Abstract
This case report describes the management of a 38-year-old female with recurrent depressive disorder, who presented with severe depressive symptoms...
Novel perspectives for glutamatergic strategies, psychedelics and antipsychotic augmentation in Treatment Resistant Depression: A narrative review
Clinical Neuropsychopharmacology and Addiction – September 25, 2025
Summary
Approximately 30-50% of Major Depressive Disorder patients face treatment-resistant depression, lacking effective options. A review of 60 articles highlights a promising shift in drug studies. Glutamatergic agents like ketamine, examined in 43 studies, provide rapid relief. Psychedelics also show sustained antidepressant benefits. These advancements offer new hope for the treatment of Major Depression, moving beyond traditional monoaminergic approaches—like those involving Tryptophan in brain disorders—towards personalized care.
Abstract
Introduction: Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) affects approximately 30–50% of patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) who fail to respon...
KETAMINE AS AN OPTIONAL TREATMENT IN CHRONIC PAIN - A REVIEW
International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science – September 25, 2025
Summary
Ketamine has emerged as a promising treatment for chronic pain, effectively alleviating conditions like neuropathic pain and complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). In a review of multiple studies, ketamine demonstrated significant pain relief in over 70% of patients suffering from these conditions. Traditional opioid treatments often fail to provide adequate relief and carry risks of dependency. This alternative approach highlights ketamine’s potential as a safe and effective option in pain management, with ongoing exploration into its mechanisms and clinical applications.
Abstract
Chronic pain is a pervasive and debilitating condition that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Traditional methods of pain management, incl...
Psilocybin inhibits formalin-induced nociception through 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor in rats
Behavioural Pharmacology – September 25, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics show promise for pain relief. Psilocybin, a compound from "magic mushrooms," significantly reduced acute and persistent inflammatory pain in animal models. Rats receiving 0.1 or 0.3 mg/kg psilocybin displayed fewer flinches and less licking behavior after a noxious stimulus. This pain-relieving effect was blocked by a specific antagonist, indicating neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior. These findings contribute to Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies, suggesting psilocybin activates particular receptors to alleviate pain, advancing drug studies.
Abstract
Psilocybin is found in a family of mushrooms commonly known as Psilocybe. We aimed to study the antinociceptive efficacy of psilocybin using formal...
MDMA no tratamento de Transtornos Depressivos: revisão sistemática
Revista Neurociências – September 25, 2025
Summary
MDMA shows promising potential as a rapid treatment for depression, especially in cases resistant to traditional therapies. An analysis of seven clinical trials revealed that controlled doses (75mg to 180mg) led to significant reductions in depressive symptoms, with improvements in mood and emotional connection lasting for months. Notably, 80% of participants experienced a quick response, while mild side effects like nausea were temporary. This positions MDMA as a viable alternative in psychiatry, particularly for those struggling with persistent depression and PTSD.
Abstract
Introdução. Este trabalho investiga o potencial terapêutico do MDMA (N-Metil-3,4-Metilenodioxianfetamina) no tratamento do Transtorno Depressivo, c...
Efficacy and Safety of Esketamine Nasal Spray in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
OpenAlex – September 25, 2025
Summary
Esketamine nasal spray significantly enhances treatment response and remission rates in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), showing a 51% increased likelihood of response and a 65% higher chance of remission compared to placebo. An analysis of 17 randomized controlled trials involving over 10,000 patients revealed notable improvements in functioning as well. However, safety concerns emerged, with nearly double the risk of dissociation and a 42% increased risk of hypertension associated with esketamine use. Continuous monitoring is crucial for patient safety during treatment.
Abstract
Abstract Introduction Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) affects up to one-third of patients with major depressive disorder, leading to poor outc...
Regional Specificity of the Cingulate Cortex Thickness Association with the Intensity of Psilocybin Experience: A Replication Study
OpenAlex – September 25, 2025
Summary
Individual responses to psychedelics are profoundly shaped by brain structure. In a drug study involving 25 participants, a robust anterior-posterior gradient in cingulate cortex thickness strongly predicted the global intensity of psilocybin's effects (r = 0.549). General cingulate thickness also correlated with the balance between anxiety and visionary states (r = 0.495). This structural organization, crucial for understanding how alkaloids like psilocybin (often from chemical synthesis) influence behavior via neurotransmitter receptors, offers a neuroanatomical marker for personalized psychedelic therapy.
Abstract
Abstract Rationale: Individual variability in psilocybin response is a major challenge for psychedelic-assisted therapy, with structural brain feat...
Efficacy of Intravenous Racemic Ketamine on Global Severity and Individual Symptoms of Depression
Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology – September 25, 2025
Summary
Intravenous racemic ketamine therapy showed remarkable effectiveness for treatment-resistant depression, with 70% of participants experiencing significant reductions in depressive symptoms after treatment. In a sample of 100 individuals, scores on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale and Patient-Health Questionnaire-9 dropped notably across all items, particularly in suicidal ideation, which exhibited the most substantial improvement. Conversely, appetite disturbance showed the least change. These findings suggest ketamine's potential as a transformative option for those struggling with major depressive episodes.
Abstract
Maintenance intravenous racemic ketamine therapy demonstrated significant, persistent, and broad efficacy for treatment-resistant depression as dem...
Time‐Dependent Therapeutic Effect of S ‐Ketamine on PTSD Mediated by VTA‐OFC Dopaminergic Neurocircuit
Advanced Science – September 25, 2025
Summary
Early administration of S-Ketamine significantly alleviates PTSD symptoms, especially fear extinction, compared to late treatment. In rodent models, early intervention restored the firing rates of dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), which were impaired after PTSD modeling. A novel non-invasive brain stimulation technique targeting the orbitofrontal cortex enhanced dopaminergic transmission and extended ketamine's therapeutic window. With a clearer understanding of the VTA-dopamine-orbitofrontal cortex neurocircuit, this approach optimizes ketamine-assisted psychotherapy for effective PTSD treatment, demonstrating its potential in neuroscience and medicine.
Abstract
Current pharmacotherapies for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are limited by delayed onset and side effects. Despite ketamine exhibiting rapi...
Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in adults with depression – A literature review
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry – September 24, 2025
Summary
Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) shows remarkable success, with studies involving hundreds of participants demonstrating sustained depressive symptom reductions of up to 45% for treatment-resistant depression. These powerful psychedelic compounds, often from chemical synthesis or alkaloids, influence neurotransmitter receptors, profoundly impacting behavior. Higher doses consistently yield stronger benefits. While PAP holds significant potential, future drug studies require standardized protocols to ensure consistent psychological support and robust outcomes for individuals struggling with severe depression.
Abstract
PAP combined with structured psychological support shows sustained reductions in depressive symptoms for treatment-resistant depression and major d...
Considerations and cautions for the integration of psilocybin into routine clinical care: a consensus statement from the US National Network of Depression Centers' Task Group on Psychedelics and Related Compounds
EClinicalMedicine – September 24, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics like psilocybin offer transformative potential for psychiatric treatment. A US task group, reviewing articles through April 2025, highlights critical gaps in drug studies. They emphasize understanding dosage, efficacy across diverse populations, and long-term safety for these compounds. The field, encompassing chemical synthesis and clinical application, requires diversified funding and standardized training. Addressing these diverse academic research themes ensures careful, ethical progress towards equitable access and integration.
Abstract
The potential for psilocybin, and other psychedelic drugs, to fulfil a much needed and potentially transformative class of psychiatric treatments h...