Korean shamanism (musok) attributes physical, social, and mental health problems to supernatural intervention. Male practitioners who become healers in this female-dominated field engage in cross-gender behavior that Korean society often stigmatizes as homosexuality and labels a mental illness. Musok, however, interprets these behaviors as responses to demands from the spirit world, offering an alternative framework that destigmatizes them.
The X-Files is described as a highly disseminated media golem, analogous to the medieval Kabbalah, indicating a growing presence of occultism in media and the internet. Kabbalistic occultism reveals a connection between writing as an act, magic, and performance.