Интеллект. Инновации. Инвестиции
March 27, 2023
E. A. Timoshchuk
1 citation
The phenomenological tradition in sociocultural research, traced from Husserl through Schütz to Luckmann and Berger, offers a humanizing complement to quantitative approaches by emphasizing subjectivity, biography, and historical context. Against the rising technocratic and neuro-turn trends that risk reducing philosophy to functional support for brain-machine interfaces, Peter Berger's sociocultural phenomenology provides a framework for describing the value-semantic world of society and culture. Berger's model includes four main provisions: secularization has a heterogeneous porous structure; transcendence is possible under capitalism as personal spiritual practice; pluralism and globalization support restrained forecasts; and the clash between bureaucracy and private life is resolved through daily meaning generation. His work turns everyday life into a scientific quest, enabling contextual correlation of different social worlds.
Интеллект. Инновации. Инвестиции
November 1, 2025
E. V. Uskova
Naturalism, the philosophical position that prioritizes scientific knowledge, offers clear advantages for studying consciousness: it relies on science, treats consciousness as a natural phenomenon, applies strict scientific methods, and views the brain as its source. However, naturalistic theories face several unresolved difficulties, including the problem of qualia (the subjective, phenomenal aspects of experience), the failure to explain the consciousness-body (or consciousness-brain) relationship, the localization of consciousness, the unity of the self as a bearer of consciousness, and the ontological status of consciousness itself. The article examines whether metaphysics can be naturalized to include consciousness in a scientifically acceptable ontological picture, noting that naturalism's criteria of scientificity are often vague and its reductionist principle may strip the subject of its specificity.
Интеллект. Инновации. Инвестиции
July 4, 2025
E. N. Gnatik, V. M. Naidysh
The article examines the theory of reflection, tracing its historical paradigms and current problems. It argues for a shift from a subject-centric to a system-centric understanding, where reflection is a complex process shaped by the structure and history of the reflecting system. In biological evolution, reflection developed to enhance the subject's control and ability to separate objective from subjective moments. This led to two subsystems: the image of the external environment (cognitive reality, based on external experience and memory) and the image of internal states (semantic reality, based on internal experience and sensory-emotional states tied to needs). Consciousness emerges as an integral quality of brain activity. The article contends that dead ends in cognitive psychology stem from ignoring the relationship between cognitive and semantic functionals in consciousness.
Интеллект. Инновации. Инвестиции
April 11, 2023
D. V. Ankin
Thinking something does not guarantee it is logically possible. The gap between conceivability and possibility arises from the intellectual limitations of the epistemic agent, who, within the bounds of available information, may consider logically possible what is actually logically impossible from an absolute standpoint. This allows agents to think not only of non-existent things but also of logically impossible ones, analogous to artists constructing impossible objects. The paper criticizes David Chalmers' zombie argument, showing that a zombie's conceivability does not rule out its absolute inconsistency. It introduces the category of the quasi-possible and distinguishes classical logical omniscience from an agent-based approach using possible-worlds semantics.