The material view and reductionism, which treat the external world as objective and ignore internal consciousness, have led to dilemmas in biology and physics that reveal an inseparable interaction between matter and consciousness rather than absolute opposition. Consciousness is believed to influence wave function collapse, but a scientific model is lacking. This paper proposes a holistic cognitive paradigm based on perception rather than physical characteristics, summarizing existence into two abstract contradictory perceptual states (Yin-Yang). Matter and consciousness are seen as different states of perception, unified rather than opposed. This offers a falsifiable alternative to the material view, where events are inseparable from the observer's conscious perception.
Materialism, the foundation of natural science, leads to paradoxes when examining consciousness because subject and object are inseparable. Science relies on falsifiability, but inner experiences are subjective and lack a scientific model for mutual transformation between inner and outer. Existing theoretical models of consciousness are often independent and contradictory, so a mature theory remains undeveloped. Holism is proposed as a solution: different cognitive perspectives reveal different aspects of objective laws. Materialism, from a third-person perspective, describes physical characteristics and space-time causality.