Perceptual awareness negativity: a physiological correlate of sensory consciousness.
Trends in Cognitive Sciences June 22, 2021 C. Dembski, Christof Koch, Michael A. Pitts
The P3b brain wave is not a reliable marker of conscious perception, as many experiments have failed to observe it during conscious experience. In contrast, the visual and auditory awareness negativity (VAN and AAN) have not been dissociated from consciousness, and a similar signal correlates with tactile consciousness. These awareness negativities are likely generated in sensory cortices and can be maximal contralateral to the stimulus, suggesting a generalized perceptual awareness negativity (PAN) that marks the onset of sensory consciousness.