Behavioral dependence upon phencyclidine and ketamine in the rat.
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics July 1, 1987 P. Beardsley, R. Balster
Continuous intravenous infusion of phencyclidine (PCP) in rats induced dependence, shown by disrupted lever-pressing behavior during withdrawal. After 10 days of PCP infusion at 0.5 mg/kg/hr, response rates dropped markedly within 6 to 12 hours and recovered within 24 to 48 hours in four rats. Re-administering PCP during withdrawal reversed the rate decline, and ketamine at 2.5 mg/kg/hr also reversed PCP withdrawal effects, indicating cross-dependence. Withdrawal from continuous ketamine infusion similarly reduced response rates in three rats, demonstrating that both drugs can produce dependence.