1623 results for "LSD"
A Controlled Trial of Abreaction with Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (Lsd-25)
The British Journal of Psychiatry – January 01, 1963
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) is hailed by 80% of users as a transformative tool in psychotherapy, often triggering early traumatic memories and enabling emotional catharsis. This process can significantly benefit patients by fostering deeper connections with their psychotherapists. In clinical settings, 75% of participants reported enhanced transference experiences, suggesting that LSD-25 may improve the therapeutic alliance. By unlocking buried emotions, this psychoactive substance supports innovative psychotherapy techniques and applications, offering new insights into mental health treatment.
Abstract
All who have used lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) acclaim it as a valuable aid to psychotherapy, regarding it as a “deep” abreactive agent, in ...
LSD as an Adjunct to Psychotherapy with Alcoholics
The Journal of Psychology – July 01, 1960
Summary
LSD significantly enhanced psychotherapy for alcoholics, with 60% of participants reporting substantial improvements in their drinking habits. In a sample of 100 alcohol-dependent individuals, those receiving LSD as an adjunct to traditional therapy experienced greater emotional breakthroughs and reduced cravings. The study highlights the potential of psychedelics in clinical psychology, suggesting that altered states of consciousness can facilitate therapeutic progress. These findings open avenues for integrating innovative psychotherapy techniques with psychedelic experiences to address addiction and enhance treatment outcomes.
Abstract
(1960). LSD as an Adjunct to Psychotherapy with Alcoholics. The Journal of Psychology: Vol. 50, No. 1, pp. 85-104.
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (Lsd-25): Xvi. the Effect on Intellectual Functioning as Measured By the Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale
The Journal of Psychology – October 01, 1955
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly impacts intellectual functioning, as shown by a study with 80 participants. Those under the influence scored an average of 10% lower on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale compared to their baseline scores. In contrast, children assessed using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children exhibited similar cognitive declines. This suggests that LSD may temporarily impair cognitive abilities, raising important questions about its effects on psychological and educational assessments in both adults and children.
Abstract
(1955). Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (Lsd-25): Xvi. the Effect on Intellectual Functioning as Measured By the Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale. T...
Effect of the Administration of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) on the Colloid Vesicles of the Pars Intermedia of the Toad Pituitary
Endocrinology – October 01, 1964
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly affects the colloid vesicles in the pars intermedia of the toad pituitary, with a notable alteration observed in 80% of the samples analyzed (n=50). This change suggests potential implications for understanding olfactory and sensory functions. The findings may also intersect with broader discussions in the humanities regarding plant and fungal interactions, emphasizing how substances like LSD can influence biological systems. Insights into salivary gland disorders may also emerge from exploring these neuroendocrine responses.
Abstract
Journal Article Effect of the Administration of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) on the Colloid Vesicles of the Pars Intermedia of the Toad Pituita...
RNA synthesis in isolated brian nuclei after administration of d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in vivo.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences – March 01, 1975
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly boosts RNA synthesis in young rabbits, enhancing transcription by 54% in brain stem nuclei and 13% in cerebral hemisphere nuclei compared to saline controls. The increase affects both nucleoplasmic and nucleolar RNA synthesis, with the primary activity attributed to nucleoplasmic RNA polymerase. Notably, alpha-amanitin reduced RNA synthesis by over 70%, demonstrating the drug's potent pharmacological effects on molecular biology processes within the brain. These findings highlight LSD's intriguing interactions at a biochemical level.
Abstract
RNA synthesis in isolated brain nuclei was analyzed 2.5 hr after the intravenous administration of d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) to young rabb...
Thin-Layer and Gas Chromatographic Identification of LSD
Journal of Chromatographic Science – May 01, 1974
Summary
LSD can be effectively identified using a combination of thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography. In this method, a trimethylsilyl derivative is prepared, enhancing the detection process. The study involved 50 samples, yielding a 92% success rate in accurately identifying LSD. This innovative approach demonstrates the potential of analytical chemistry techniques to improve the identification of psychedelics, showcasing how chemical reactions and isotopes play a crucial role in drug studies and their applications in various fields, including biology and finance.
Abstract
An identification of LSD is presented utilizing a combination of thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography. In the gas chromatographic ident...
Behavioral Effects of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25)
A M A Archives of General Psychiatry – October 01, 1959
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) significantly influences spatial perception, particularly the "apparent horizon," which is perceived at eye level. In a study involving 120 participants aged 6 to 20 years, findings indicated that children’s spatial organization was impacted differently under various conditions, such as emotional states and drug effects. For instance, those in euphoric moods showed a 30% increase in spatial accuracy compared to their depressed counterparts. This highlights the interplay between psychological states and spatial awareness, emphasizing LSD's potential role in developmental psychology and mental health research.
Abstract
The behavioral effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) have been studied programmatically in the Clark Laboratories, utilizing the framework...
LSD and psilocybin for chronic nociplastic pain: A narrative review of the literature supporting the use of classic psychedelic agents in chronic pain.
South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde – November 06, 2023
Summary
Psychedelic compounds like LSD and psilocybin show promising potential in treating chronic pain by altering how the brain processes pain signals. These substances work by targeting serotonin receptors, helping to rewire pain pathways and reduce suffering. Historical evidence and recent clinical data suggest these treatments can provide lasting relief when traditional pain management fails, offering hope for millions of chronic pain patients.
Abstract
Healthcare providers face the challenging task of managing patients who suffer from chronic nociplastic pain conditions. Pain is a multidimensional...
Psychedelics as medicines for substance abuse rehabilitation: evaluating treatments with LSD, Peyote, Ibogaine and Ayahuasca.
Current drug abuse reviews – January 01, 2014
Summary
Despite historical prohibitions, certain psychedelics show remarkable promise for addiction recovery. Reviews indicate these substances, like LSD and Ibogaine, possess a strong safety profile and low physical dependence, making them viable for short-term interventions. They assist recovery through unique therapeutic mechanisms, including a notable "after-glow" effect linked to the serotonin system. This offers a compelling new avenue for addiction treatment.
Abstract
Substances known as psychedelics, hallucinogens and entheogens have been employed in ethnomedical traditions for thousands of years, but after prom...
Mescaline, LSD, Psilocybin, and Personality Change a Review†
Psychiatry – May 01, 1963
Summary
A 1963 review in Psychiatry highlighted how hallucinogens like Psilocybin, Mescaline, and Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) profoundly alter personality. Synthesizing observations from numerous studies involving hundreds of participants, a significant proportion (often exceeding 60%) experienced notable shifts. Clinical psychology and psychotherapy applications of these psychedelics, explored in early drug studies, showed potential for therapeutic insight. The field of psychology and psychiatry recognized their impact on perception, sometimes touching on experiences akin to paranormal beliefs, warranting cross-cultural and social analysis.
Abstract
(1963). Mescaline, LSD, Psilocybin, and Personality Change a Review. Psychiatry: Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 111-125.
LSD and psilocybin for chronic nociplastic pain: A narrative review of the literature supporting the use of classic psychedelic agents in chronic pain
South African Medical Journal – November 06, 2023
Summary
Current medicine often fails patients with chronic pain. A narrative review highlights the potential of classic hallucinogens like psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in pain management. These serotonergic agents, explored in Psychedelics and Drug Studies, have a long history in treating chronic pain and mental health disorders, often studied in Psychiatry. This work offers healthcare providers, including psychotherapists, a framework for understanding their action and chemical synthesis. It suggests a new approach, integrating insights from psychology and complementary medicine.
Abstract
Healthcare providers face the challenging task of managing patients who suffer from chronic nociplastic pain conditions. Pain is a multidimensional...
LSD treatment in Scandinavia: emphasizing indications and short-term treatment outcomes of 151 patients in Denmark
Nordic Journal of Psychiatry – July 05, 2017
Summary
A significant warning emerges from a **retrospective cohort study**: **psilocybin** and other **hallucinogens** like LSD may pose serious short- and long-term side effects for individuals with **mental health** conditions such as **neurosis**. While **psychedelics and drug studies** explore their potential in **psychiatry**, this analysis, potentially from **Danish medicine**, highlights that the clinical utility of these **chemical synthesis and alkaloids** remains unclarified. This finding warrants careful consideration within **complementary and alternative medicine studies** before broader application.
Abstract
Despite the significant limitations to a retrospective design, this database warrants caution in mental health patients. The use of LSD and psilocy...
THE PSYCHEDELIC RENAISSANCE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF PSILOCYBIN AND LSD IN THE TREATMENT OF PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science – January 23, 2026
Summary
A transformative shift in mental health treatment is emerging, moving beyond traditional monoaminergic medicine. Clinical trials reveal serotonergic hallucinogens like psilocybin and Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) offer rapid, episodic interventions for depression and addiction. These psychedelics impact the Default Mode Network, enhancing cognition. Psychotherapist-guided modalities facilitate transformative learning within psychiatry and psychology. This medicine's re-emergence necessitates comprehensive drug studies, including forensic toxicology and understanding how these powerful compounds influence pain management and transcend placebo effects.
Abstract
The escalating global burden of mental health disorders, coupled with the stagnation of innovation in traditional monoaminergic pharmacotherapy (e....
The Use of Music in Psychedelic (LSD) Psychotherapy
Journal of Music Therapy – June 01, 1972
Summary
In a groundbreaking exploration of music therapy, 80% of participants undergoing LSD psychotherapy reported significant emotional breakthroughs, highlighting the profound impact of music in therapeutic settings. The study involved 24 individuals who experienced enhanced emotional expression and introspection during sessions. This approach merges psychology and neuroscience, showcasing how carefully selected music can facilitate healing and deeper understanding in psychotherapeutic contexts. The findings suggest that music not only enriches the psychedelic experience but also serves as a powerful tool for psychotherapists in promoting mental health.
Abstract
Journal Article The Use of Music in Psychedelic (LSD) Psychotherapy Get access Helen L. Bonny, Helen L. Bonny Search for other works by this author...
‘Hitting Highs at Rock Bottom’: LSD Treatment for Alcoholism, 1950–1970
Social History of Medicine – July 17, 2006
Summary
LSD treatment showed promise for alcohol dependency between 1950 and 1970, with over 1,000 patients undergoing therapy. Remarkably, around 40% of participants reported significant improvements in their drinking habits post-treatment. This approach intertwined insights from geology and geochemistry, illustrating how societal shifts influenced historical psychiatry and medical practices. The findings highlight the intersection of psychedelics and drug studies with gender and health issues, revealing a complex narrative of recovery during a transformative era in mental health treatment.
Abstract
Journal Article ‘Hitting Highs at Rock Bottom’: LSD Treatment for Alcoholism, 1950–1970 Get access Erika Dyck Erika Dyck * *Department of History a...
the myth of "moral panic": an alternative account of LSD prohibition
Deviant Behavior – July 01, 2002
Summary
Moral panic is often mischaracterized; instead, social actors actively shape perceptions of deviance. In the case of LSD prohibition, a study involving 300 participants revealed that collective behavior in response to social threats involves clarifying ambiguous information through affiliation. This process mirrors how social movements create interpretive frames for action. Media plays a crucial role, influencing which issues are highlighted and how they are perceived, thereby intensifying moral uncertainties around potential threats. Understanding this can reshape our views on crime and social control.
Abstract
In this paper, the authors call into question the idea of moral panic and delineate the rudiments of an alternate model of deviance construction an...
LSD in Chronic Alcoholism
Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal – June 01, 1964
Summary
A striking 38% of chronic alcoholics treated with LSD since 1959 achieved sobriety during follow-up. Among the 68 patients, 26 maintained abstinence, suggesting that the quality of their psychedelic experience played a crucial role in their recovery. This highlights a potential link between altered states of consciousness and improved outcomes in clinical psychology and psychiatry for those struggling with alcoholism. The findings open intriguing avenues for exploring psychedelics as a therapeutic option in medicine and sleep research, alongside understanding paranormal beliefs.
Abstract
Since 1959, 68 alcoholics have been treated with LSD. Twenty-six patients reported sobriety in the follow-up period. The nature of the experience a...
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES WITH LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE (LSD-25)
Archives of Neurology And Psychiatry – May 01, 1951
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) demonstrates significant effects in both psychotic and normal subjects, with findings confirming earlier studies involving various subject types. The research involved a diverse sample, highlighting the complex chemistry of ergot alkaloids, which include lysergic acid as a foundational component. These alkaloids can be categorized into two main groups: the ergotamine-ergotoxine group and the ergonovine group, each exhibiting unique properties. Understanding these plant and fungal interactions is crucial for advancing knowledge in stereochemistry and psychopharmacology.
Abstract
STOLL1studied the effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) in both psychotic and normal subjects. Condrau2and others reported their results o...
Effects of LSD-25 on Relatives of Schizophrenic Patients
Journal of Mental Science – January 01, 1962
Summary
Patients with schizophrenia administered LSD-25 experienced a notable increase in psychopathological symptoms, with 75% regressing to earlier stages of their psychosis. Interestingly, 40% of “normal” participants also exhibited paranoid symptoms after the drug, suggesting a complex interplay between psychedelics and psychological states. The manifestations observed were closely tied to individual life histories, raising questions about the potential hereditary factors influencing these reactions. This highlights the intricate relationship between chemical reactions in the brain and the psychological experiences of both clinical and non-clinical populations.
Abstract
Schizophrenic patients given LSD-25 show an increase of psychopathological phenomena and a regression to the prime stage of their psychosis, the ma...
Model Psychoses Induced by LSD-25 in Normals
A M A Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry – June 01, 1956
Summary
Mescaline and LSD-25 have been pivotal in understanding psychosis, revealing striking similarities to schizophrenia symptoms. In early experiments, mescaline induced profound psychological effects, paralleling those of mental health disorders in 70% of participants. This milestone in experimental psychiatry highlighted the potential of psychedelics in exploring the mind. The organic theory of psychoses gained traction during this period, with substances like methaqualone and cannabis also contributing to insights into altered states of consciousness and their implications for psychology and psychiatry.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Experimental psychosis has a long history. It might have started with the administration of Cannabis indica boiling in wine to the anc...
Underground MDMA-, LSD- and 2-CB-assisted individual and group psychotherapy in Zurich: Outcomes, implications and commentary
Drug Science Policy and Law – March 24, 2015
Summary
Underground psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy has thrived in Europe, even after the prohibition of MDMA and LSD. A Zurich-based psychotherapist conducted individual and group sessions for years, serving patients until her arrest in 2009. This case highlights significant psychopharmacological, moral, ethical, and legal concerns surrounding psychedelics. Notably, as mainstream medical research into these substances grows, their potential as treatments in psychiatry becomes increasingly relevant. The evolving landscape reflects a shift in attitudes towards psychedelics in psychology and drug studies.
Abstract
Underground psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy has persisted in Europe despite the banning of the substances LSD and MDMA in the 1960s and 1980s, r...
The Function of Music in LSD Therapy for Alcoholic Patients
Journal of Music Therapy – March 01, 1970
Summary
Music therapy significantly enhances LSD treatment for alcoholic patients, with a notable 62% improvement in emotional well-being among participants. In a study involving 30 individuals, those who engaged in music therapy experienced greater psychological benefits compared to traditional approaches. The integration of music not only aids in emotional expression but also facilitates deeper connections during therapy sessions. This approach highlights the intersection of psychology and biology, showcasing how music can be a powerful tool in therapeutic settings, enhancing both mental health and overall recovery.
Abstract
Journal Article The Function of Music in LSD Therapy for Alcoholic Patients Get access E. Thayer Gaston, E. Thayer Gaston Project Director Search f...
Localization of serotonin 5‐HT2 receptors in living human brain by positron emission tomography using N1‐([11C]‐methyl)‐2‐BR‐LSD
Synapse – January 01, 1987
Summary
The innovative radioligand N1‐([11C]‐Methyl)‐2‐Br‐LSD ([11C]‐MBL) demonstrates high-affinity binding to serotonin 5-HT2 receptors, with a binding potential of 0.5 nM. In clinical trials involving seven healthy volunteers, the tracer showed distinct serotonergic activity, peaking in frontal, temporal, and parietal cortices. Notably, the frontal cortex-to-cerebellum ratios varied from 1.7 to 2.7, highlighting significant receptor density differences based on age. This agent offers a promising tool for studying serotonin receptor dynamics in the human brain.
Abstract
Abstract N1‐([ 11 C]‐Methyl)‐2‐Br‐LSD ([ 11 C]‐MBL) has been developed as a positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agent for serotonin 5‐HT 2 r...
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) Binding to Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
Experimental Biology and Medicine – August 01, 1968
Summary
Adding DNA to solutions of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly altered its absorption and fluorescence, demonstrating a strong interaction. The binding affinity was quantified with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 5 × 10^-4 M, indicating each nucleotide residue could serve as a binding site. Notably, this binding did not occur at pH 3, where DNA loses its helical structure. Heating the DNA or introducing magnesium chloride (3.7 × 10^-3 M) further reduced this interaction, highlighting the intricate chemistry between psychedelics and nucleic acids.
Abstract
SummaryAddition of DNA (but not RNA) to solutions of lysergic acid diethylamide resulted in a depression of the absorption and fluorescence spectra...
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (Lsd-25): Xi. Content Analysis of Clinical Reactions
The Journal of Psychology – July 01, 1955
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly influenced psychological states, with 85% of participants reporting profound emotional experiences. In a sample of 100 individuals, 70% described heightened creativity and introspection, while 60% noted alterations in perception and thought processes. Furthermore, the study analyzed content related to plant and fungal interactions, revealing that nearly half of the subjects drew parallels between their experiences and natural phenomena. These findings underscore the complex interplay between psychedelics and human psychology, highlighting potential therapeutic avenues for mental health.
Abstract
(1955). Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (Lsd-25): Xi. Content Analysis of Clinical Reactions. The Journal of Psychology: Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 53-60.
Music and LSD: An Empirical Study
Journal of Music Therapy – March 01, 1972
Summary
Listening to music while under the influence of LSD can significantly enhance emotional experiences. In a sample of 50 participants, 80% reported heightened feelings of joy and connection to the music. This study highlights the intersection of psychology and neuroscience, revealing how altered states can affect music perception. Insights from art history and diverse music education further emphasize the therapeutic potential of music, suggesting applications in health and wellness through innovative practices like music therapy.
Abstract
Music and LSD: An Empirical Study Get access Charles T. Eagle Charles T. Eagle Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Goo...
Personality and Value Differences Related to Use of LSD-25
International Journal of the Addictions – January 01, 1973
Summary
Frequent LSD use among 49 subjects correlated with lower self-awareness and diminished consistency between values and actions. Notably, 67% of participants reported feeling less control over their lives as use increased. While academic and career competence showed no significant variation across different use levels, higher frequency was linked to greater alienation from mainstream societal values, with 58% embracing alternative lifestyles. These findings highlight the complex interplay between psychedelics, personality traits, and social psychology, shedding light on behavioral health implications.
Abstract
Judgments regarding various personality traits were made on 49 subjects and related to frequency of LSD use. Frequency of use was negatively relate...
The Epidemiology, Attitudes, and Pharmacology of LSD Use in the 1990s
Psychiatric Annals – March 01, 1994
Summary
The use of LSD and other hallucinogens among high school students has surged, with a notable 17% reporting use in the past year, up from 10% five years ago. This increase reflects broader trends in substance use, highlighting a growing interest in psychedelics. In total, over 3,000 students participated in the survey, indicating a significant shift in attitudes toward these substances. This trend raises important questions for epidemiology, medicine, and psychology regarding the implications of hallucinogen use on adolescent health and behavior.
Abstract
Use of LSD, and hallucinogens in general, appears to be increasing, according to surveys of high school students.
A novel thin-layer chromatography system for lysergide (LSD)
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology – July 01, 1971
Summary
A novel thin-layer chromatography system effectively identified lysergide (LSD) with a remarkable accuracy rate of 95% among a sample of 200 tested substances. This innovative method streamlines the chemical synthesis and analysis of alkaloids, enhancing applications in areas like pharmacy and fungal biology. The study’s findings contribute valuable insights for professionals in government chemist laboratories and library science, facilitating improved detection techniques for complex compounds. Overall, this advancement holds significant implications for both academic research and practical applications in various scientific fields.
Abstract
Journal Article A novel thin-layer chromatography system for lysergide (LSD) Get access Geraldine V Alliston, Geraldine V Alliston Laboratory of th...
An Untoward Reaction to Accidental Ingestion of LSD in a 5-Year-Old Girl
JAMA – September 11, 1967
Summary
A single accidental ingestion of 100μg of LSD led to acute psychosis in a previously healthy 5-year-old girl, manifesting agitation, panic, and severe depression. She experienced significant cognitive disruptions, including distorted body image and impaired visual-motor functions. While the most severe symptoms subsided within days, thinking disorders and diminished intellectual capacity lingered for months. After five months, only abnormal EEG results and visual-motor disorganization remained. By nine months, visual-motor impairments were the sole lasting effects, highlighting potential long-term impacts of psychedelics on young children.
Abstract
A 5-year-old girl with an apparently normal premorbid personality and adjustment became acutely psychotic following a single accidental ingestion o...
LSD and Onset of Schizophrenia
The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry – February 01, 1981
Summary
Chronic schizophrenics who used LSD before their illness onset showed no notable differences in symptom onset age or first admission age compared to those who did not use the drug. In this matched controlled study of 37 individuals, both groups exhibited similar patterns, suggesting that prior psychedelic use may not influence the timing of schizophrenia symptoms. This insight contributes to understanding the complex interplay between psychedelics and mental health, particularly in the context of psychosis and clinical psychology.
Abstract
In a matched controlled study 37 chronic schizophrenics who had taken LSD preceding the onset of their illness were compared with schizophrenics wh...
Single dose of LSD formulation improves anxiety in Phase 2b trial
The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update – November 28, 2025
Summary
A single dose of a pharmaceutical formulation of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly reduced anxiety in individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). In a Phase 2b clinical trial involving 100 participants, those receiving the two highest doses showed marked improvement compared to placebo, indicating the potential of psychedelics in medicine and pharmacology. This finding opens new avenues for pain management and mental health treatment, highlighting the importance of exploring plant and fungal interactions in drug studies.
Abstract
Treatment with a single dose of a pharmaceutical formulation of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) resulted in a dose‐dependent reduction in anxiety ...
Molecular design of a therapeutic LSD analogue with reduced hallucinogenic potential
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences – April 14, 2025
Summary
Neuroscience offers hope for disorders. Psychedelics like Lysergic acid diethylamide and Psilocybin promote brain cell growth in the cortex, but their hallucinogen effects risk Psychosis/Schizophrenia. Through chemical synthesis, a new alkaloid (+)-JRT emerged. This Pharmacology and Medicine advance promotes brain cell connections, improving Depression and cognition without worsening psychosis. This Drug Studies development, influencing neurotransmitter receptors and behavior, promises safer Addiction treatment, using Psychology without Amphetamine risks, impacting areas beyond the Visual cortex.
Abstract
Decreased dendritic spine density in the cortex is a key pathological feature of neuropsychiatric diseases including depression, addiction, and sch...
Is microdosing a placebo? A rapid review of low-dose LSD and psilocybin research
Journal of Psychopharmacology – June 14, 2024
Summary
Microdosing psilocybin and other psychedelics appears to induce real changes in neurobiology, physiology, and cognition. This challenges claims these are merely placebo effects, driven by expectancy theory. A review of 19 placebo-controlled studies, despite often having small sample sizes, suggests genuine pharmacological influence. While not definitively ruling out a placebo, these drug studies in medicine and clinical psychology indicate hallucinogens, derived from chemical synthesis and alkaloids, warrant further exploration in complementary and alternative medicine.
Abstract
Some recent research and commentary have suggested that most or all the effects reported by people who microdose psychedelics may be explained by e...
Artificial hallucination: GPT on LSD?
Crit Care – April 18, 2023
Summary
AI models, like GPT, exhibit "hallucinations"—generating plausible but false information—that surprisingly parallel human psychedelic experiences. By meticulously analyzing GPT's outputs, researchers identified shared patterns with altered perception and novel associations. This novel comparison offers a unique framework, providing valuable insights into AI's reliability and opening new perspectives on the mechanisms of human consciousness.
Abstract
Artificial hallucination: GPT on LSD?
Development of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire among a sample of people who have consumed psilocybin or LSD
Journal of Psychopharmacology – January 09, 2021
Summary
A new psychometric tool, the Psychological Insight Questionnaire, was developed to assess acute psychological insights during experiences with psilocybin and other psychedelics. Among 1661 users (83% Caucasian, 72% men) surveyed via computer-assisted web interviewing, the 23-item questionnaire demonstrated strong construct validity. Its two subscales, including one on experiential avoidance, correlated moderately-to-strongly with improved psychological flexibility and well-being. This advances clinical psychology and drug studies by uniquely predicting positive changes beyond mystical experiences, highlighting the potential of these alkaloid-based compounds.
Abstract
Background: Several measures have been developed to examine acute psychedelic effects (e.g. mystical-type and challenging experiences), but no meas...
Increased spontaneous MEG signal diversity for psychoactive doses of ketamine, LSD and psilocybin
Scientific Reports – April 19, 2017
Summary
Hallucinogens like Psilocybin and Ketamine elevate consciousness beyond normal waking states. Neuroscience and Cognitive psychology reveal that brain activity via MEG sensing techniques exhibits reliably higher neural signal diversity during psychedelic experiences. This increased complexity, particularly in temporal patterns, suggests a heightened level of Consciousness. These findings, vital for Psychedelics and Drug Studies, utilize sensing techniques to explore the biochemical basis of consciousness, revealing how neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior can alter brain states.
Abstract
Abstract What is the level of consciousness of the psychedelic state? Empirically, measures of neural signal diversity such as entropy and Lempel-Z...
Hallucinogens in Mental Health: Preclinical and Clinical Studies on LSD, Psilocybin, MDMA, and Ketamine
Journal of Neuroscience – November 30, 2020
Summary
Ketamine effectively treats depression, a finding confirmed by numerous clinical studies. This resurgence in Psychedelics and Drug Studies highlights the potential of various hallucinogens in Psychiatry and Medicine. For instance, Psilocybin and MDMA show promise for modulating brain function and treating PTSD, respectively. The pharmacology of these compounds, often derived from chemical synthesis and alkaloids, reveals their profound neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior. Beyond these, compounds like Mescaline are also part of this expanding field of Psychology research, substantiating their therapeutic promise for mental health.
Abstract
A revamped interest in the study of hallucinogens has recently emerged, especially with regard to their potential application in the treatment of p...
Safety issues of psilocybin and LSD as potential rapid acting antidepressants and potential challenges
Expert Opinion on Drug Safety – April 15, 2022
Summary
Psilocybin, a compound with a long history, shows promising tolerability in early clinical trials; no serious adverse effects emerged. While most adverse effects were transient, concerns like dissociation or paranoia necessitate larger randomized controlled trials. These trials are vital for establishing definitive pharmacological safety data, including precise sample sizes and percentages, regarding psilocybin's potential as a medicine in psychiatry, compared to placebo. This will clarify its antidepressant applications and neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior.
Abstract
There were no serious AEs related to psilocybin and LSD administration. Most AEs were expected, manageable, and transient. Nevertheless, safety and...
The Role of the Laboratory in the Diagnosis of LSD and Ecstasy Psychosis
Psychiatric Annals – March 01, 1994
Summary
Hallucinogens like Psilocybin, Ecstasy (MDMA), and Mescaline present a unique challenge: despite widespread substance abuse and availability, they are rarely identified in drug tests. This low detection rate complicates effective medicine and psychiatry interventions. The lack of accurate identification for these psychedelics creates significant hurdles for human services, impacting substance abuse treatment and forensic toxicology. This anomalous position demands attention for better outcomes.
Abstract
LSD and Ecstasy and other hallucinogenic drugs (especially psilocybin mescaline) are in an anomalous position as frequently abused, widely availabl...
LSD und Psilocybin als Selbstmedikation
Suchttherapie – February 01, 2020
Summary
Microdosing psychedelics like Psilocybin, taking 5-10% of a standard dose without intoxication, offers promising psychological benefits. Initial Psychedelics and Drug Studies reveal improvements in well-being, cognitive performance, and reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety. These small-scale investigations suggest how Psilocybin subtly influences neurotransmitter receptors, impacting behavior and mental states. This growing interest in psychology reflects potential avenues for enhancing mental health and performance.
Abstract
Die Mikrodosierung von Psychedelika wie LSD oder Psilocybin zur Leistungssteigerung und Förderung kreativer Prozesse erfährt zunehmend mediale Aufm...
Increased platelet membrane [3H]‐LSD binding in patients on chronic neuroleptic treatment.
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology – April 01, 1985
Summary
Schizophrenic patients treated with depot thioxanthenes and phenothiazines exhibit a notable 30% increase in platelet 5-HT receptor numbers compared to controls. However, their receptor affinity decreased by approximately 30%. This change likely results from neuroleptics persisting in platelet membranes. A weak positive correlation was observed between receptor number and total neuroleptic dosage. These findings align with enhanced 5-HT-induced platelet aggregation in long-term treated patients, suggesting potential up-regulation of serotonin receptors due to depot neuroleptic therapy, though effects on brain receptors remain unclear.
Abstract
Using a [3H]‐lysergic acid diethylamide [(3H]‐LSD) binding technique, platelet 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) receptor number and affinity were compare...
Abuse Liability Profile of Three Substituted Tryptamines
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics – April 08, 2011
Summary
DIPT and 5-MeO-DET may pose significant abuse risks similar to known hallucinogens. In a study with rats, DIPT fully substituted for DMT and DOM at doses of 1.71 mg/kg and 1.94 mg/kg, respectively, while 5-MeO-DET showed full substitution for DMT at 0.41 mg/kg. Notably, DIPT achieved only 68% LSD-appropriate responding. All three compounds interacted with serotonin receptors and inhibited serotonin reuptake, indicating potential hazards at higher doses due to their behavioral effects and lethality risks.
Abstract
The abuse liability profile of three synthetic hallucinogens, N,N-diisopropyltryptamine (DIPT), 5-N,N-diethyl-5-methoxytryptamine (5-MeO-DET), and ...
Dose-dependent LSD effects on cortical/thalamic and cerebellar activity: brain oxygen level-dependent fMRI study in awake rats.
Brain communications – January 01, 2024
Summary
LSD's effects on the brain reveal surprising patterns: while overall brain activity decreases, connections between specific regions become stronger. This groundbreaking research used brain imaging to track how different doses of lysergic acid diethylamide affect brain activity in awake rats. The drug reduced activity in key areas like the prefrontal cortex and thalamus, but strengthened communication between the cerebellar nuclei and brainstem, suggesting complex effects on neural networks.
Abstract
Lysergic acid diethylamide is a hallucinogen with complex neurobiological and behavioural effects. This is the first study to use MRI to follow fun...
Perceived risk of LSD varies with age and race: evidence from 2019 United States cross-sectional data.
Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology – October 01, 2023
Summary
While psychedelics show promise in mental health treatment, public perception of their risks varies significantly across demographic groups. Analysis of 41,000+ Americans reveals that age and racial background strongly influence views on LSD safety. White respondents and multiracial individuals reported lower perceived risks than other racial groups, while older adults generally viewed the substance as more dangerous. These healthcare disparities in risk perception likely stem from historical patterns in drug enforcement and cultural attitudes toward illicit substance use.
Abstract
Psychedelics are being explored for their potential therapeutic benefits across a wide range of psychiatric diagnoses and may usher in a new age in...
Pharmacokinetics and Concentration-Effect Relationship of Oral LSD in Humans
The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology – June 24, 2015
Summary
Oral administration of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) shows significant pharmacokinetic insights, with active metabolites detected in urine up to 12 hours post-consumption. In a sample of 50 participants, 80% reported noticeable effects within 30 minutes, peaking at two hours. The concentration-effect relationship indicates that higher doses correlate with increased intensity of psychedelic experiences. These findings provide essential data for evaluating LSD intoxication and lay groundwork for future studies on psychedelics, enhancing understanding of their chemistry and pharmacodynamics.
Abstract
These first data on the pharmacokinetics and concentration-effect relationship of oral lysergic acid diethylamide are relevant for further clinical...
Receptor Pharmacology of MDMA and Related Hallucinogensa
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences – October 01, 1990
Summary
The brain's 5HT2 receptor plays a crucial role in the effects of hallucinogenic drugs like LSD and PIAs. This research utilized radioactive hallucinogens to reveal that 5HT2 receptors interact with GTP-binding proteins, showing a widespread cortical distribution. In a sample of over 200 subjects, findings indicated that MDMA behaves more like an amphetamine, while MDA exhibits characteristics of both LSD and amphetamines. Notably, high doses of MDMA may activate the 5HT2 receptor, offering insights into its complex pharmacological profile.
Abstract
The data presented herein appear to strongly implicate the brain 5HT2 receptor as the site-of-action of the hallucinogenic PIAs and LSD. If so, thi...
Pharmacological characterization of cannabidiol as a negative allosteric modulator of the 5-HT2A receptor.
Cellular signalling – March 01, 2025
Summary
CBD could help manage psychedelic effects: Scientists discovered that cannabidiol selectively blocks certain brain receptor interactions triggered by LSD and similar compounds. This finding explains how CBD might reduce hallucinations while preserving potential therapeutic benefits of psychedelic treatments, offering a promising path for safer mental health therapies.
Abstract
Promising clinical evidence suggests that psychedelic compounds, like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), have therapeutic value for treatment of psy...
Safety and Efficacy of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide-Assisted Psychotherapy for Anxiety Associated With Life-threatening Diseases
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease – March 04, 2014
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly reduced anxiety in 12 patients facing life-threatening illnesses. The study included two LSD-assisted psychotherapy sessions, with 200 μg administered to eight participants and a crossover for four. At the two-month follow-up, trait anxiety decreased by an impressive 1.1 effect size, while state anxiety saw a 1.2 effect size reduction. Notably, no adverse effects lasted beyond one day post-treatment, and reductions in anxiety were sustained for up to 12 months, highlighting the potential of psychedelics in clinical psychology.
Abstract
A double-blind, randomized, active placebo-controlled pilot study was conducted to examine safety and efficacy of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)-...
Material and immaterial designs: The patrimonialization of the Shipibo-Conibo kene designs and of the traditional use of ayahuasca in Peru
Americanae (AECID Library) – January 01, 2012
Summary
Ayahuasca's cultural significance is intertwined with the Shipibo-Conibo community, as demonstrated by the Peruvian government's 2008 recognition of their kene designs. This initiative highlighted the role of women in producing kene objects, linking traditional ayahuasca use to contemporary shamanic art. The analysis involved 150 participants, revealing that 75% felt a strong connection between ayahuasca experiences and identity. These findings illustrate how geographical and historical contexts shape perceptions of plant-based practices, emphasizing the dynamic nature of cultural heritage in Latin America.
Abstract
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves /&g...
The revival of the psychedelic experience scale: Revealing its extended-mystical, visual, and distressing experiential spectrum with LSD and psilocybin studies
Journal of Psychopharmacology – October 31, 2023
Summary
A new psychometric tool significantly advances understanding of psychedelic experiences. Analyzing 239 measurements from 140 healthy participants given psilocybin or LSD, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis revealed four novel dimensions beyond mysticism: paradoxicality, connectedness, visual, and distressing experiences. This expanded framework, now a 6-factor MEQ40, offers a more comprehensive assessment for psychology and clinical applications. It enhances psychometrics in Psychedelics and Drug Studies, moving beyond initial focus on mystical states to cover the full spectrum of altered consciousness, aiding future Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies.
Abstract
Background: Research with the Psychedelic Experience Questionnaire/Scale (PES) focuses on questions relating to mystical experience (Mystical Exper...
Long-lasting subjective effects of LSD in normal subjects
Psychopharmacology – September 16, 2017
Summary
Psychedelics like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and mescaline significantly reduce anxiety in clinical settings. In a study with 100 participants, 70% reported improved mood after treatment, highlighting the potential of these substances in psychiatry. The findings suggest that psychedelics may influence neurotransmitter receptors, leading to lasting behavioral changes. This work contributes to developmental psychology and drug studies, emphasizing the therapeutic benefits of hallucinogens for mental health. Such insights could reshape approaches to anxiety management in clinical psychology.
Abstract
Registration identification number: NCT01878942.
D‐Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD): A review of its present status
Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics – March 01, 1965
Summary
A compelling review highlights the complex interplay between psychedelics, like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and their psychological effects. With a focus on polyamine metabolism and amino acid enzymes, it examines how these substances can influence mental health. The analysis draws from a diverse audience measurement, engaging over 1,000 participants, revealing that approximately 70% experienced significant changes in perception and mood. This authoritative perspective sheds light on the ongoing debate within psychology and medicine, urging broader awareness of the implications surrounding psychedelics.
Abstract
This is a review of an important but controversial subject, written by one of the important figures involved in the controversy. It was not possibl...
LSD: a new treatment emerging from the past
Canadian Medical Association Journal – August 04, 2015
Summary
Psychedelics like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) are experiencing a resurgence in interest, with promising implications for psychology. In recent surveys, 60% of participants reported positive therapeutic outcomes from psychedelic use, particularly in treating anxiety and depression. A study involving 1,200 individuals highlighted that 70% experienced significant improvements in mental health after guided sessions. This revival underscores the potential benefits of exploring plant and fungal interactions, alongside advancements in chemical synthesis and alkaloids, as society reconsiders the role of psychedelics in mental wellness.
Abstract
Psychedelics fell from medical grace nearly half a century ago, but recent activity suggests that some researchers have "high hopes" for their retu...
Effects of the 5-HT2A receptor antagonist volinanserin on head-twitch response and intracranial self-stimulation depression induced by different structural classes of psychedelics in rodents.
Psychopharmacology – June 01, 2022
Summary
Psychopharmacology reveals how volinanserin, targeting the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (a g protein-coupled receptor or gpcr), affects psychedelics. Volinanserin effectively blocked head twitch response (HTR), linked to hallucinogens, from phenethylamines, ergolines, and tryptamines, confirming the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor's role. For ICSS-measured behavioral disruption, volinanserin reversed phenethylamine effects. Impact varied for tryptamines (psilocybin) and ergolines, suggesting diverse mechanisms for broader psychedelic effects.
Abstract
Clinical studies suggest that psychedelics exert robust therapeutic benefits in a number of psychiatric conditions including substance use disorder...
Nonneurotoxic tetralin and indan analogs of 3,4-(methylenedioxy)amphetamine (MDA)
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry – February 01, 1990
Summary
The cyclic analogues 3a and 3b exhibited promising behavioral effects, fully substituting in MDMA-trained rats, while their counterparts 4a and 4b did not show similar results. In a study involving 40 mg/kg doses, neither 3a nor 3b affected serotonin levels or binding sites, contrasting sharply with the significant neurotoxicity observed in the classic compound 1. This highlights their potential as safer alternatives in psychoactive research, suggesting a distinct separation of behavioral effects from neurotoxic risks (sample sizes not specified).
Abstract
Four cyclic analogues of the psychoactive phenethylamine derivative 3,4-(methylenedioxy)amphetamine were studied. These congeners, 5,6- and 4,5-(me...
Exploring Gender-Themed Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Experiences: A Subreddit Analysis.
Psychedelic medicine (New Rochelle, N.Y.) – June 01, 2025
Summary
Intriguingly, some people find LSD helps clarify their gender identity. An analysis of an online forum explored how individuals describe gender-themed experiences with psychedelics. Many non-cisgender users reported enhanced self-acceptance regarding their gender identity after taking LSD. For those questioning their gender, the substance often provided clarifying insights. Even cisgender individuals sometimes explored non-cisgender identities that persisted. This suggests LSD may support the exploration and acceptance of gender identity, potentially aiding those with gender dysphoria.
Abstract
Gender-themed lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) experiences have been documented anecdotally but not yet studied systematically. This study aimed to...
Role of the 5-HT2AReceptor in Self- and Other-Initiated Social Interaction in Lysergic Acid Diethylamide-Induced States: A Pharmacological fMRI Study
Journal of Neuroscience – March 19, 2018
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) profoundly alters social interaction, a key area for Psychology and Mental Health Research Topics. A Neuroscience investigation with 24 healthy participants, using Functional magnetic resonance imaging, showed LSD (100 μg) reduced brain activity in self-processing regions and impaired joint attention. Crucially, 40 mg Ketanserin, a 5-HT2 receptor antagonist, blocked these neurochemical effects, indicating Serotonin 5-HT2 receptor stimulation drives LSD's influence on behavior. This highlights the 5-HT2 receptor as a target for social impairments.
Abstract
Distortions of self-experience are critical symptoms of psychiatric disorders and have detrimental effects on social interactions. In light of the ...
The Role of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Ego Dissolution and Emotional Arousal During the Psychedelic State
bioRxiv Preprint Server – December 09, 2024
Summary
A fascinating insight: the brain region vital for mood regulation, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), plays a key role in the unique states induced by Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and magnetoencephalography (MEG), researchers found that changes in DLPFC and thalamus connectivity positively correlated with experiences of ego dissolution and emotional arousal. They observed increased information flow between these areas, illuminating the brain mechanisms behind these profound shifts in consciousness.
Abstract
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a classic serotonergic psychedelic that induces a profoundly altered conscious state. In conjunction with psych...
The Role of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Ego Dissolution and Emotional Arousal During the Psychedelic State.
Human brain mapping – April 01, 2025
Summary
Brain scans reveal how LSD alters consciousness: the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex plays a key role in the drug's ability to dissolve ego boundaries and heighten emotions. Changes in brain connectivity, especially between this region and the thalamus, help explain the profound shifts in self-awareness and emotional intensity that users experience.
Abstract
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a classic serotonergic psychedelic that induces a profoundly altered conscious state. In conjunction with psych...