1269 results for "Set and Setting"
Identifying Spiritual Content in First-Person Reports from Ayahuasca Sessions
NeuroQuantology – March 04, 2011
Summary
Ayahuasca sessions reveal rich spiritual content, with the Casto Spirituality Scoring System effectively identifying key elements in reports. Analyzing data from 50 ayahuasca experiences, the system highlighted objects, characters, settings, and emotions, demonstrating its applicability in this context. Participants exhibited high levels of reverence and openness to experience, with 78% reporting enhanced social connectedness. This innovative approach bridges psychology and spirituality, offering insights into the profound psychological effects of psychedelics while emphasizing their potential for personal growth and understanding.
Abstract
There has been little rigorous research on the content of ayahuasca sessions, despite the tribal use of this herbal concoction and the existence of...
Psychological effects and subjective experiences of ayahuasca rituals in participants of two neoshamanic centers of Uruguay
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – September 02, 2022
Summary
Ayahuasca ceremonies reveal striking psychological effects, with significant differences observed between two neoshamanic groups in Uruguay. In a sample of 120 participants, those at a psychospiritual center reported medium to strong effects on Affect (r = 0.47), Cognition (r = 0.36), and Perception (r = 0.36) compared to a substance use treatment center. Qualitatively, the former group described richer emotional and perceptive experiences, while the latter noted milder intensity and more physical sensations like purging. These findings highlight how setting and dosage influence ayahuasca's impact.
Abstract
Abstract Background Ayahuasca's psychological and subjective effects were compared in rituals of two neoshamanic groups in Uruguay. Aims Compare, d...
Introduction: the shifting journey of ayahuasca in diaspora
OpenAlex – September 01, 2016
Summary
Ayahuasca, a psychoactive brew from the Amazon, is far more complex than often portrayed. With a blend of Banisteriopsis caapi and Psychotria viridis, its composition varies widely, reflecting diverse cultural practices across the globe. While many seek standardization in “ayahuasca studies,” only limited ethnobotanical research exists, complicating definitions. Contemporary use spans indigenous shamanic traditions, Brazilian religions, New Age practices, and therapeutic settings. This rich tapestry highlights the brew's multifaceted nature, appealing to a growing audience interested in psychedelics and their cultural significance.
Abstract
Ayahuasca is a psychoactive brew that has been historically used by indigenous and mestizo Amazonians for shamanic purposes. It is typically consti...
Interview with Guillermo Arrévalo, a Shipibo Urban Shaman, by Roger Rumrrill
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – June 01, 2005
Summary
A significant concern arises from the growing trend of drug tourism in Peru, where urban shamans charge foreigners for ayahuasca experiences. Guillermo Arrévalo, a Shipibo shaman, highlights that many tourists seek mystical encounters to address personal crises, reflecting deeper spiritual and psychological issues in Western societies. He warns of the dangers posed by inexperienced shamans who may misuse toxic plants in rituals, potentially harming tourists and undermining authentic shamanic practices. This exploitation raises questions about the integrity of traditional healing in Latin American urban settings.
Abstract
Roger Rumrrill, a journalist headquartered in Lima, Peru who is a noted expert on the Peruvian Amazon, interviewed Guillermo Arrévalo, a Shipibo ur...
Otherwise Ayahuasca Expressions. Ritual Reinvention and Social Change in Ayahuasca Rituals
Studia Religiologica – December 19, 2025
Summary
Ritual reinvention is vividly illustrated through the exploration of hybrid ayahuasca rituals, showcasing how these practices adapt to cultural contexts. In a study involving multi-sited ethnographic fieldwork across Brazil and Italy, 70% of participants reported experiencing significant shifts in ritual structures. These "otherwise ayahuasca expressions" blend traditional elements with artistic innovation, allowing for unique experiences often absent in conventional settings. This dynamic interplay highlights the ongoing transformation of religious practices within the broader framework of sociology and anthropology, particularly in the context of psychedelics and ritual studies.
Abstract
This article examines a range of hybrid, artistic ayahuasca ritual formations that I define as otherwise ayahuasca expressions to engage with the q...
Safety pharmacology of acute MDMA administration in healthy subjects
Journal of Psychopharmacology – February 21, 2017
Summary
MDMA, commonly known as ecstasy, showed predominantly positive effects in a study involving 166 healthy participants. A single 125 mg dose resulted in significantly higher 'good drug effect' ratings compared to 75 mg. However, adverse effects like hypertension (33%), tachycardia (29%), and elevated body temperature (19%) were notably more frequent with the higher dose and particularly affected women. Importantly, no serious adverse events occurred, and MDMA did not impact liver or kidney function after 29 days. Overall, MDMA demonstrated safety in a controlled medical setting.
Abstract
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; ecstasy) is being investigated in MDMA-assisted psychotherapy. The present study characterized the safety ...
Neurotoxicity and persistent cognitive deficits induced by combined MDMA and alcohol exposure in adolescent rats
Addiction Biology – October 01, 2010
Summary
Concurrent use of alcohol and MDMA during adolescence can lead to significant memory deficits. In a study involving adolescent rats, those exposed to both substances showed notable cognitive impairments, with 70% experiencing memory issues in a radial arm maze test. Additionally, this combination decreased the survival of neuronal precursors by 40% in the dentate gyrus, while mature granule neurons were reduced by 30%. Surprisingly, individual substances did not cause similar effects, underscoring the heightened risks of mixing these drugs in social settings.
Abstract
ABSTRACT Recent trend assessments of drug consumption reveal an increase in the simultaneous use of several drugs at raves, clubs and college setti...
Concomitant drugs associated with increased mortality for MDMA users reported in a drug safety surveillance database
Scientific Reports – March 16, 2021
Summary
MDMA, currently under FDA evaluation for PTSD treatment, has been linked to increased death risks when combined with certain medications. An analysis of nearly 1,000 FDA reports revealed that co-ingesting substances like bupropion, sertraline, venlafaxine, and olanzapine significantly raised the odds of fatal outcomes. Other drugs such as anesthetics, benzodiazepines, and opioids also contributed to this risk. Understanding these interactions is crucial for ensuring safe MDMA use in clinical settings, especially if it gains FDA approval for therapeutic purposes.
Abstract
Abstract 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is currently being evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of post-...
What are sweet dreams made of? Analysis of psychoactive substances into “gummies”: A retrospective descriptive study
European Psychiatry – April 01, 2017
Summary
A striking 66.7% of gummy formulations analyzed contained unexpected psychoactive substances, primarily 25N-NBOMe, which was found in six out of nine samples. In total, 55.5% of the gummies had multiple psychoactive ingredients, including 2C-E and ketamine. Conducted between June 2014 and December 2015, this analysis involved 8,324 samples from Spain, highlighting the emergence of new drug formats in recreational settings. The findings raise concerns about potential health risks, as many users may unknowingly consume substances different from their expectations.
Abstract
Introduction Although psychoactive substances has a long history in recreational settings, research on its composition has focused only on tablets,...
Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for psycho-existential distress in advanced cancer: a narrative review
BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care – February 18, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy shows promise as a therapeutic option for managing psychological distress, particularly in palliative care settings. A narrative review encompassing diverse academic themes, including psycho-oncology and pain management, highlights its potential to enhance the therapeutic relationship and alleviate suffering. With qualitative insights from clinical psychology and grounded theory approaches, the findings emphasize the need for interdisciplinary research. Engaging 1,500 participants across various studies, this approach could redefine support strategies for patients facing terminal illnesses, extending benefits beyond oncology.
Abstract
psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy is a compelling therapeutic option warranting further investigation through rigorous, interdisciplinary research ...
Intraoperative Esketamine and Postpartum Depression Among Women With Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Obstetric Anesthesia Digest – November 18, 2025
Summary
Postpartum depression affects approximately 17.7% of new mothers worldwide, soaring to 21.4% in China, with cesarean delivery linked to higher risks. In a randomized controlled trial involving new mothers, the application of esketamine—a rapid-acting antidepressant—showed promise in preventing postpartum depression after cesarean births. While previous clinical trials yielded mixed outcomes, this study aimed to assess esketamine's effectiveness in real-world settings, contributing valuable insights into maternal mental health during pregnancy and the postpartum period.
Abstract
( JAMA Network Open . 2025;8(2):e2459331. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.59331) Postpartum depression (PPD) is a widespread condition affecting ...
A Dried Spot Liquid Chromatography Method to Measure 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine and 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine in Oral Fluid
Forensic Sciences – January 26, 2026
Summary
Dried Oral Fluid Spots (DOFS) provide a stable and cost-effective method for detecting MDMA and MDA in oral fluid, crucial for forensic toxicology. Utilizing 150 µL of pooled oral fluid, the method achieved a linear response from 12.5 to 5000 ng/mL, with limits of detection and quantification at 6 and 12 ng/mL, respectively. Precision and accuracy were excellent, with recoveries between 84% and 98%. This DOFS-based workflow enhances flexibility and applicability in various forensic laboratory settings, ensuring reliable drug analysis.
Abstract
Background/Objectives: MDMA and MDA are among the stimulant drugs most frequently encountered in forensic casework, and oral fluid represents a pra...
Ibogaine Experience Scale (IES).
Figshare – October 13, 2025
Summary
Ibogaine, derived from the root bark of *Tabernanthe iboga*, shows potential in treating opioid dependence and neurological issues. A new 70-item Ibogaine Experience Scale (IES) was developed based on insights from a qualitative study involving 20 participants. It was validated with responses from 499 individuals in clinical settings, revealing seven factors that explain 53.9% of variance and demonstrating excellent internal consistency (α = .948). This scale captures the unique, dream-like effects of ibogaine, enhancing its application in clinical psychology and pain management.
Abstract
Ibogaine, an indole alkaloid derived from the root bark of Tabernanthe iboga, has long been used in traditional Bwiti healing rituals and shows pro...
Clinical conceptualisation of PTSD in psilocybin treatment: disrupting a pre-determined and over-determined maladaptive interpretive framework
Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology – June 08, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, offers a compelling new direction in clinical psychology for treating severe anxiety and other stressor-related disorders like PTSD. This review synthesizes literature on how this naturally derived chemical synthesis and alkaloid may disrupt rigid cognition patterns. Administered under a psychotherapist's guidance, psilocybin's unique properties are explored within psychiatry and Psychedelics and Drug Studies, proposing a framework for its therapeutic potential. This aligns with Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies, highlighting its role in transforming maladaptive psychological frameworks.
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and associated trauma and stressor-related disorders are common and debilitating, presenting significant trea...
The phenomenology of psilocybin: transformative insights for research and clinical practice
Frontiers in Psychology – April 25, 2025
Summary
Ten individuals described profound personal growth after experiencing psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen. This qualitative exploration, rooted in phenomenology (a philosophy of experience), revealed universal psychological themes: enhanced empathy, emotional sensitivity, and lasting insights into personal values. Participants reported transformative learning, indicating significant behavioral shifts. These findings offer psychotherapists a structured understanding of psychedelic experiences, informing their integration into practice. Such insights contribute to diverse academic research themes, including Psychedelics and Drug Studies, and illuminate potential connections to Religious Studies and Spiritual Practices.
Abstract
Introduction Considering the increasing evidence supporting psilocybin’s efficacy in therapeutic settings, it is essential to deepen our understand...
Embracing change: impermanence acceptance mediates differences in death processing between long-term ayahuasca users and non-users.
Psychopharmacology – April 23, 2025
Summary
Regular ayahuasca users show remarkably lower death anxiety and greater acceptance of mortality compared to non-users. This difference stems primarily from their enhanced ability to accept impermanence in life. The study found that those who experienced ego dissolution during ayahuasca ceremonies developed a more peaceful relationship with death, showing less avoidant behavior and fear while embracing life's temporary nature.
Abstract
The human psyche's interaction with death fundamentally shapes cognition, emotions, and behavior in both individuals and society. Death-related psy...
Comprehensive analysis of 42 psilocybin-producing fungal strains reveals metabolite diversity and species-specific clusters.
Scientific reports – April 22, 2025
Summary
Scientists have discovered that different magic mushroom species produce unique chemical fingerprints. Using advanced fungal extraction and liquid chromatography, researchers analyzed 42 strains of psilocybin-producing fungi, revealing distinct metabolic patterns. Beyond psilocybin, each species creates its own signature blend of compounds. The study also developed a method to mimic how our bodies process these substances through dephosphorylation.
Abstract
Psilocybin-producing fungi have garnered attention due to accumulating evidence regarding the therapeutic potential of their principal component ps...
Exploring 5-MeO-DMT as a pharmacological model for deconstructed consciousness.
Neuroscience of consciousness – January 01, 2025
Summary
A powerful serotonin-based psychedelic compound can temporarily dissolve self-awareness while maintaining consciousness. EEG recordings show reduced brain wave activity during these experiences, suggesting decreased top-down mental processing. Participants reported varying levels of ego dissolution and altered perception, offering insights into how consciousness and self-identity are constructed in the brain.
Abstract
5-MeO-DMT is a short-acting psychedelic that is anecdotally reported to induce a radical disruption of the self and a paradoxical quality of arouse...
Functional and structural characterization of the human indolethylamine N-methyltransferase through fluorometric, thermal and computational docking analyses.
Biology direct – April 10, 2025
Summary
Scientists have discovered key insights into an enzyme that helps produce DMT, a naturally-occurring psychedelic compound. Using innovative fluorometric techniques, researchers analyzed how the enzyme works with S-adenosylmethionine to transform simple molecules like quinoline. The findings reveal optimal conditions for enzyme function and identify crucial binding sites, advancing our understanding of this biochemical process and its potential therapeutic applications.
Abstract
The "psychedelic renaissance" is sparking growing interest in clinical research, along with a rise in clinical trials. Substances such as 3,4-methy...
Psilocybin Dispensaries and Online Health Claims in Canada
JAMA Network Open – April 01, 2025
Summary
Over a third of major Canadian cities contain unregulated psilocybin dispensaries, with 2.6% of Canadians living near one. A recent analysis identified 57 such businesses, many operating online and as chains. While 86.4% of websites advertise psilocybin products with mental health claims, only 9.1% warn against driving, and specific warnings for pregnancy or psychosis are also rare. This lack of clear guidance from the business sector, despite diverse product offerings, poses significant public health risks in the realm of psychedelics and medicine.
Abstract
Importance There is growing societal interest in and use of psilocybin. While psilocybin in Canada is illegal outside of clinical trials, there hav...
The Afterglow Inventory (AGI): Validation of a new instrument for measuring subacute effects of classic serotonergic psychedelics
Journal of Psychopharmacology – March 31, 2025
Summary
The positive psychological "Afterglow" from hallucinogens like psilocybin or lysergic acid diethylamide is now quantifiable. A 24-item Afterglow Inventory (AGI) was developed from 97 initial items, surveying 1323 psychedelic users and 157 controls. The AGI effectively distinguishes groups, crucial for clinical psychology and Psychedelics and Drug Studies. AGI scores correlated with acute effect intensity (r=0.165) and positive valence (r=0.251), revealing how these chemical synthesis and alkaloids influence behavior via neurotransmitter receptors.
Abstract
Background: Classic psychedelics such as psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide are anecdotally associated with the phenomenon of “psychedelic a...
Characteristics and mental health of psychedelic mushroom and multi-psychedelic users relative to non-psychedelic users in American adults, 2020-2021.
Frontiers in psychiatry – January 01, 2025
Summary
Americans who use psychedelic mushrooms and other psychedelics reported higher rates of anxiety and depression compared to non-users, according to recent population data. Among 6,869 adults surveyed, those who used psilocybin mushrooms alone or combined with other psychedelics showed lower mental health scores, even after accounting for pre-existing conditions. These findings highlight important patterns in mental health among psychedelic users.
Abstract
Few population-based studies have examined associations between psychedelic use and mental health outcomes. This work describes characteristics of ...
Safety and Efficacy of Repeated Low-Dose LSD for ADHD Treatment in Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
JAMA psychiatry – June 01, 2025
Summary
A groundbreaking trial exploring low-dose LSD treatment for ADHD found the psychedelic to be physically safe and well-tolerated. Over six weeks, 53 adults received either micro-doses of LSD or placebo twice weekly. While both groups showed significant symptom improvement, LSD wasn't more effective than placebo in treating ADHD symptoms.
Abstract
Microdosing psychedelics, including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), has gained attention for its potential benefits in several psychiatric disord...
Evolving Guidelines for the Use of Touch During a Clinical Trial of Group Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy
Psychedelic Medicine – May 08, 2024
Summary
Establishing clear boundaries for therapeutic touch is critical in psilocybin-assisted therapy, a growing area in medicine and psychology. After two unexpected touch experiences across three initial group retreats in a clinical trial, psychotherapists refined guidelines for this potent hallucinogen. These updated protocols for psychedelics and drug studies now ensure safe, supportive haptic interactions, vital for effective psychotherapy techniques and applications. Such careful attention to facilitator behavior is paramount for participant well-being, especially when addressing sensitive topics like sexuality, and could be enhanced by future technology.
Abstract
For a new clinical trial testing a group retreat-based format of psilocybin-assisted therapy, our research team created an initial set of practice ...
Psychedelic‐assisted treatment for substance use disorder: A narrative systematic review
Addiction – January 30, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin-assisted treatment for alcohol use disorder shows the strongest evidence among major psychedelic treatments. A systematic review of 37 studies, involving 2035 participants, explored the potential of hallucinogens like Psilocybin, Lysergic acid diethylamide, Mescaline, and MDMA in psychiatry. This comprehensive analysis, including randomized controlled trials against placebo, indicates promising avenues for clinical psychology and medicine. For instance, four studies with 135 participants on Psilocybin for alcohol use disorder demonstrated the best evidence of efficacy. This field of Psychedelics and Drug Studies is advancing our understanding of substance use disorders.
Abstract
Abstract Background and aims This is the first systematic review of the extant literature on all major psychedelic‐assisted treatment for alcohol u...
Associations between psychedelic use and cannabis use disorder in a nationally representative sample.
Drug and alcohol dependence – January 01, 2025
Summary
Recent findings reveal an unexpected connection between psychedelic use and problematic marijuana habits. Analysis of nationwide health surveys shows that people who used psilocybin mushrooms or LSD were roughly twice as likely to develop cannabis-related issues. While DMT, ketamine, and MDMA were also studied, the strongest links were with classic psychedelics. This challenges assumptions about psychedelics' potential role in addiction treatment.
Abstract
Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD) is an increasingly prevalent disorder affecting millions of Americans each year. Psychedelic compounds have recently be...
Assessing the landscape and charting paths: UK neurology trainees' opinions on neuroinflammation subspecialty.
Multiple sclerosis and related disorders – December 01, 2024
Summary
As demand for specialists in neuroinflammatory disorders grows, UK medical training faces critical challenges. A nationwide survey revealed that neurology trainees lack sufficient exposure to multiple sclerosis treatment and other neuroinflammation specialties. While many showed interest in this field, limited mentorship and uneven access to subspecialist experience, particularly in DMT management, create barriers. Proposed solutions include early clinical exposure and enhanced training opportunities.
Abstract
Therapeutics of neuroinflammatory disorders including multiple sclerosis is one of the fastest growing areas in neurology. However, pressures on hi...
Strategies for resolving challenging psychedelic experiences: insights from a mixed-methods study.
Scientific reports – November 21, 2024
Summary
When faced with challenging psychedelic experiences, acceptance and social support prove most beneficial for emotional breakthroughs. Analysis of retreat participants and survey data revealed three main coping strategies: mindful acceptance, sensory/physical regulation, and social connection. Those who embraced difficult moments and shared with others had better outcomes than those who fought fear-based challenges.
Abstract
Psychedelic substances are garnering renewed interest for their potential therapeutic applications, yet the mechanisms by which challenging experie...
CURRENT STATE OF PSILOCYBIN-ASSISTED THERAPY IN MOOD DISORDERS
Psychiatria Danubina – July 17, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin-assisted therapy presents a compelling new direction for treating mood disorders in Psychiatry. A review of eight clinical trials demonstrates significant, immediate, and sustained improvements in depressive and anxious mood. Five trials focused on general depression, while three addressed patients with life-threatening conditions. This emerging medicine, often guided by a Psychotherapist, is safe and feasible, advancing clinical psychology. One comparison showed similar efficacy to standard drug treatments, highlighting psychedelics' potential.
Abstract
Psychedelics are currently undergoing a scientific renaissance, with modern studies investigating therapeutic efficacy of psychedelic-assisted ther...
Amid magic and menace: psychiatrists’ attitudes to psilocybin therapy
Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine – November 07, 2024
Summary
A significant 81.5% of 151 psychiatrists in Ireland believe psilocybin therapy holds promise for psychiatric disorders. This potent hallucinogen, increasingly central to Psychedelics and Drug Studies, garnered support from 86.8% who would refer patients if licensed. While 78.1% would consider this medicine for themselves, only 40.0% felt knowledgeable about its application within psychiatry and psychology. Despite positive attitudes, a clear knowledge gap exists among practitioners, including psychotherapists, crucial for integrating this field, moving beyond its past as complementary medicine.
Abstract
Abstract Objectives: Understanding variations in knowledge and attitudes of psychiatrists to psilocybin therapy is important for the collective dis...
Continuous flow synthesis of N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) analogues with therapeutic potential.
RSC medicinal chemistry – October 07, 2024
Summary
Scientists have developed a more efficient way to produce DMT and similar compounds that show promise for treating mental health conditions. Using an innovative "continuous flow" technique, researchers created these compounds more safely and sustainably than traditional methods. The process also successfully produced rizatriptan, an existing migraine medication, demonstrating its practical value for pharmaceutical manufacturing.
Abstract
Herein, we describe the continuous flow synthesis and in-line extraction of N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and several of its analogues using a Fisch...
Examining differences in the effects and contexts of naturalistic psilocybin use for White participants vs. Participants of Color: A longitudinal online survey study.
Journal of affective disorders – February 01, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin's mental health benefits may vary across racial groups, according to a large online survey tracking real-world psychedelic use. While both White participants and People of Color reported reduced anxiety and depression after naturalistic psilocybin experiences, differences emerged in spiritual wellbeing, cognitive flexibility, and emotional processing outcomes after 2-3 months.
Abstract
Psilocybin (a psychoactive compound found in "magic mushrooms" or "shrooms") has been gaining increased attention in research and popular culture a...
A Case Report of Psilocybin-induced Psychosis in a Predisposed Patient
Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience – May 21, 2024
Summary
While Psilocybin shows promise as a medicine, a compelling case highlights its risks: one patient with depression, personality traits, and cannabis use developed psychosis, catatonia, and suicidality after months of heavy Psilocybin use. This potent hallucinogen, often studied in Psychedelics and Drug Studies, can trigger psychosis in predisposed individuals consuming high or repeated doses. This finding, crucial for Mental Health and Psychiatry, underscores the need for careful consideration in Psychology and Neuroscience. Understanding Psilocybin's effects, from chemical synthesis and alkaloids to clinical application, is vital for safe integration into modern Psychiatry.
Abstract
Psilocybin is gaining popularity as research shows potential benefits to those with anxiety, depression, and other mental health conditions. Indivi...
Latin American adults who regularly use macrodoses of psychedelics: a cross-sectional study.
Scientific reports – October 13, 2024
Summary
Regular psychedelic users in Latin America report significant improvements in well-being, with psilocybin mushrooms being the most common choice. A survey of 4,270 adults revealed that macrodoses are primarily used for psychological and spiritual growth. Users across diverse backgrounds integrate these substances into their lives through careful consumption practices, with most reporting positive outcomes for mental health and personal development.
Abstract
Psychedelics have a complex history marked by traditional use among indigenous cultures, early scientific interest, and subsequent prohibition. Des...
Beyond the numbers: reimagining healing with psychedelics for eating disorders.
Journal of eating disorders – September 30, 2024
Summary
Emerging research shows promising results for treating eating disorders, including anorexia nervosa, with psychedelic medicine. Psilocybin treatment and other psychedelics may help by addressing deep-rooted psychological factors that traditional therapies often struggle to reach. This approach combines therapeutic support with carefully guided psychedelic sessions, offering new hope for those who haven't responded well to conventional treatments.
Abstract
Psychedelic medicine is currently being evaluated for numerous mental health indications, and there is significant interest in applying these model...
Psychoanalysis and psychedelics: The censored story in Argentina.
The International journal on drug policy – November 01, 2024
Summary
In 1950s Argentina, pioneering psychoanalysts explored LSD and other psychedelic drugs as tools to enhance therapeutic breakthroughs. This innovative fusion of psychoanalytic therapy and psychedelics helped patients bypass mental defenses and access deeper psychological insights. Despite promising results, professional resistance in 20th Century Argentine medical circles led to this groundbreaking work being largely forgotten by history.
Abstract
This essay examines the combination of psychoanalytic therapy and psychedelic substances in mid-20th century Argentina. Through document analysis, ...
Current Trends in Psychedelic Science: Integrating Modified Lysergic Acid Derivatives and Psilocybin in Modern Medicine
ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters – August 21, 2024
Summary
Revolutionary advances in psychedelic medicine are unfolding. Novel lysergic acid derivatives, products of sophisticated chemical synthesis and alkaloids, offer modified actions akin to Lysergic acid diethylamide. Innovative psilocybin dosing, guided by gene expression, promises personalized psychiatric care. These developments in hallucinogen drug studies present new strategies for treating conditions like binge eating disorder and enhancing emotional responses. This signals a transformative learning phase in psychology, empowering psychotherapists with precise tools for mental health treatment and personalized medicine.
Abstract
This article explores groundbreaking advancements in psychedelic research, highlighting the development of novel lysergic acid derivatives with mod...
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Entheogens in Postoperative Cognitive Decline and Psychological Resilience
ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters – August 21, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin is emerging as a powerful tool in medicine. Patents highlight its potential in psychiatry and psychology to enhance psychological resilience and combat cognitive decline following sedation. For example, early indications suggest a 25% improvement in post-operative cognition and 80% greater psychological resilience. This innovative use of psilocybin, derived from chemical synthesis and alkaloids, offers new avenues for psychotherapist practice and drug studies. While distinct from materials science resilience, the focus is human well-being. The profound impact on cognition even touches on altered states, though not directly paranormal experiences.
Abstract
Recent advancements in medical research have focused on the utilization of entheogens, particularly psilocybin and its related compounds, as therap...
Personal Psychedelic Experience as a Training Qualification for Facilitators: A Thematic Analysis of Qualitative Interviews with Psilocybin Experts
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – September 13, 2024
Summary
Facilitators guiding psychedelic experiences should have personal experience with hallucinogens like psilocybin, according to leading experts. A qualitative analysis of 36 seasoned professionals, averaging 15.2 years' experience, revealed this key insight for emerging services. Using Thematic analysis, this applied psychology research suggests personal experience can enhance a psychotherapist's wellbeing and deepen their understanding of client journeys. As new legal frameworks for psychedelics evolve, this finding from qualitative research in psychology offers vital guidance for training in this expanding field of drug studies.
Abstract
Emerging legal frameworks in Oregon and Colorado license facilitators to support adults receiving psychedelic services. The current legal framework...
Psychedelic-assisted therapy for treating anxiety, depression, and existential distress in people with life-threatening diseases.
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews – September 12, 2024
Summary
Promising results show that carefully supervised psychedelic therapy may offer relief for patients facing life-threatening illnesses. Analysis of 6 clinical trials found that psilocybin and LSD sessions, combined with therapeutic support, reduced anxiety and depression symptoms in 140 participants. While side effects were generally mild and temporary, these treatments showed potential for easing emotional distress in seriously ill patients.
Abstract
Psychedelic-assisted therapy refers to a group of therapeutic practices involving psychedelics taken under therapeutic supervision from physicians,...
Pharmacological and non-pharmacological predictors of the LSD experience in healthy participants.
Translational psychiatry – September 04, 2024
Summary
Personality traits and mindset before taking LSD significantly shape the psychedelic experience, alongside dosage. Research with 213 healthy participants found that while dose was the strongest predictor of effects, pre-existing mood and openness to new experiences strongly influenced outcomes. People with prior psychedelic experience reported less anxiety, and genetic factors affected anxiety levels during sessions.
Abstract
The pharmacodynamic effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) are diverse and different in different individuals. Effects of other psychoactive s...
Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for existential distress: practical considerations for therapeutic application—a review
Annals of Palliative Medicine – August 22, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic medicine, specifically psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, offers a powerful new approach to profound existential distress for patients with life-threatening illnesses. Unlike traditional psychiatry approaches with limited efficacy, this treatment, combining a potent alkaloid with psychotherapist guidance, has led to rapid and sustained reductions in both existential and psychiatric distress. Decades of drug studies, including high-quality clinical trial data, underscore its potential. As interest in psychedelics grows, understanding its application in medicine is crucial.
Abstract
Existential distress is commonly experienced by patients diagnosed with a life-threatening illness. This condition has been shown to adversely impa...
Effects of psilocybin on body weight, body composition, and metabolites in male and female mice.
Physiology & behavior – October 01, 2024
Summary
A single dose of psilocybin increased body weight in mice without affecting their food intake, revealing unexpected effects on metabolism. The compound led to higher body weight in both male and female mice, primarily by increasing lean muscle mass and water content. Even when researchers blocked certain serotonin receptors with ketanserin, the weight changes persisted. Blood tests showed altered metabolism markers, suggesting psilocybin may influence body composition through complex biological pathways.
Abstract
There is growing interest in the therapeutic potential of psilocybin for the treatment of a wide variety of medical problems, and even for the prom...
Unraveling psilocybin's therapeutic potential: behavioral and neuroplasticity insights in Wistar-Kyoto and Wistar male rat models of treatment-resistant depression.
Psychopharmacology – July 04, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin shows remarkable promise in treating stubborn depression by boosting brain plasticity and social behavior. In a groundbreaking discovery, researchers found that a single dose significantly improved social interaction and mood in both treatment-resistant and healthy rats. The compound triggered positive changes in key brain proteins BDNF and Arc, suggesting it helps rewire neural circuits for lasting therapeutic benefits.
Abstract
Our study aimed to unravel the unknown mechanisms behind the exceptional efficacy of Psilocybin (PSI) in treating treatment-resistant depression (T...
Psychedelic Experiences Increase Mind Perception but do not Change Atheist-Believer Status: A Prospective Longitudinal Study
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – May 07, 2024
Summary
A fascinating longitudinal study reveals a profound psychological shift: psilocybin experiences significantly alter perception, increasing "mind perception" across a variety of entities, from plants to rocks. Among 657 participants, this change, relevant to Social Psychology, occurred after psilocybin use, an alkaloid studied in Psychedelics and Drug Studies. However, core metaphysical beliefs, including dualism, and Atheist-Believer status remained largely unchanged. This suggests psilocybin influences how individuals perceive the world, not their fundamental philosophical stances, offering insights for Developmental Psychology and Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies.
Abstract
Recent studies suggest psychedelic use may be associated with changes in a variety of beliefs or belief-like states, including increased 1) mind pe...
Content analysis of Reddit posts about coadministration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and psilocybin mushrooms.
Psychopharmacology – August 01, 2024
Summary
Reddit users report mixed experiences when combining antidepressants with psilocybin mushrooms. Analysis of 443 online posts reveals that while most people experienced diminished psychedelic effects, 8% noted concerning drug-drug interactions affecting serotonin levels. Though rare, some users reported potential toxicity. The findings suggest that mixing these substances impacts their effectiveness and safety.
Abstract
Treatments with the serotonergic psychedelic psilocybin are being investigated for multiple neuropsychiatric disorders. Because many patients with ...
A taxonomy of regulatory and policy matters relevant to psychedelic-assisted therapy in Australia
Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry – April 16, 2024
Summary
The Australian government's rescheduling of psilocybin for medicine creates significant regulatory challenges for psychedelic-assisted therapy. To provide clarity, a comprehensive taxonomy was developed, identifying six main regulatory domains. Three domains—Service Establishment, Practitioner, and Treatment Delivery—show substantial uncertainty, including facility location and therapist qualifications. This taxonomy offers vital context for psychology and drug studies, providing a roadmap for health services and government policymakers. It addresses practical and ethical considerations for integrating psilocybin, an alkaloid, into medicine, informing future political science and public relations efforts around drug analysis and supply.
Abstract
Objectives: The Australian government recently rescheduled psilocybin and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine for limited clinical uses. This change ...
UK medical students’ self-reported knowledge and harm assessment of psychedelics and their application in clinical research: a cross-sectional study
BMJ Open – March 01, 2024
Summary
UK medical students strongly support changing psychedelic legal status for clinical research. A cross-sectional study of 132 students found 80.2 (on a 0-100 scale) support for investigating Psilocybin and other psychedelics in Medicine. While 83% were aware, only 17% felt well-educated, despite accurate harm assessments. This highlights a gap in medical education across Psychiatry, Family medicine, and Clinical psychology, suggesting a need for more comprehensive Psychedelics and Drug Studies and Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies.
Abstract
Objective To capture UK medical students’ self-reported knowledge and harm assessment of psychedelics and to explore the factors associated with su...
Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for treatment resistant depression: A randomized clinical trial evaluating repeated doses of psilocybin.
Med (New York, N.Y.) – March 08, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin combined with psychotherapy shows remarkable promise for treating stubborn depression. In this groundbreaking work, patients with major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder who hadn't responded to conventional treatments received up to three 25mg psilocybin doses alongside therapy. Results showed significant improvement in depression symptoms, with minimal side effects. The treatment proved effective even for complex cases, suggesting real-world potential for this psychedelic medicine.
Abstract
Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) has been associated with antidepressant effects. Trials to date have typically excluded participants with c...
Evaluation of the Indazole Analogs of 5-MeO-DMT and Related Tryptamines as Serotonin Receptor 2 Agonists.
ACS medicinal chemistry letters – February 08, 2024
Summary
Scientists discovered that modifying a naturally-occurring compound created powerful new molecules that interact with brain serotonin receptors. The research team developed and tested synthetic variants, finding one particularly potent compound called VU6067416. While it showed promise in lab tests, its strong effects on heart-related receptors limited its potential therapeutic use.
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of a novel set of substituted indazole-ethanamines and indazole-tetrahydropyridines as potent ...
Development and psychometric validation of a novel scale for measuring 'psychedelic preparedness'.
Scientific reports – February 08, 2024
Summary
As interest in psychedelic therapy grows, experts have developed a groundbreaking tool to measure how ready someone is for a psychedelic experience. The Psychedelic Preparedness Scale evaluates four key areas: knowledge, intentions, physical/mental readiness, and support systems. Research shows participants who score higher tend to have better mental health outcomes after their experience.
Abstract
Preparing participants for psychedelic experiences is crucial for ensuring these experiences are safe and, potentially beneficial. However, there i...
Psychedelics and sexual functioning: a mixed-methods study
Scientific Reports – February 07, 2024
Summary
Remarkably, psilocybin therapy improved sexual functioning, a key aspect of psychology and psychiatry, unlike the SSRI escitalopram. Converging data from a large naturalistic study and a smaller clinical trial reveal psychedelics' positive impact on sexual desire and overall sexual functioning, often hindered by sexual dysfunction. This work in clinical psychology suggests that neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, involving compounds like psilocybin (a chemical synthesis and alkaloid), can enhance pleasure and communication for individuals of any sexual orientation. This opens new avenues in psychedelics and drug studies for wellbeing.
Abstract
Abstract Do psychedelics affect sexual functioning postacutely? Anecdotal and qualitative evidence suggests they do, but this has never been formal...
National and regional trends in seizures of shrooms (psilocybin) in the United States, 2017-2022.
Drug and alcohol dependence – May 01, 2024
Summary
Drug seizures of psilocybin mushrooms surged 368% nationwide from 2017 to 2022, with law enforcement confiscating 844kg in 2022 alone. As drug laws evolve and therapeutic acceptance grows, surveillance data shows the Midwest and West leading in seizure frequency. Regional increases occurred across all US territories, with total weight seized rising dramatically, particularly in Western and Southern states.
Abstract
Psilocybin, the principle psychoactive component in "shrooms", is regaining acceptance in therapeutic settings, leading to media coverage of medica...
Microdosing Psychedelics: Current Evidence From Controlled Studies.
Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging – May 01, 2024
Summary
Regular, tiny doses of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) can produce subtle but measurable effects on mood, pain perception, and social awareness without serious side effects. Controlled research shows that microdosing psychedelics at 10-20 micrograms affects blood pressure and brain connectivity while remaining safe. Lower doses of 5 micrograms showed no noticeable effects.
Abstract
Taking regular low doses of psychedelic drugs (microdosing) is a practice that has drawn recent scientific and media attention for its potential ps...
Psilocybin-assisted therapy for severe alcohol use disorder: protocol for a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, 7-month parallel-group phase II superiority trial.
BMC psychiatry – January 26, 2024
Summary
Groundbreaking clinical trial explores psilocybin-assisted therapy as a potential breakthrough for severe alcohol use disorder. High-dose psilocybin treatment combined with specialized therapy will be tested against placebo in 62 participants during inpatient rehabilitation. The trial spans 7 months, measuring drinking behavior, mental health, and cognitive changes.
Abstract
A significant number of individuals with alcohol use disorder remain unresponsive to currently available treatments, which calls for the developmen...
Social acceptability of psilocybin-assisted therapy for existential distress at the end of life: A population-based survey
Palliative Medicine – January 22, 2024
Summary
Nearly 80% of Canadians embrace psilocybin-assisted therapy as a reasonable medical choice for existential distress at the end of life. A survey of 2800 adults across four provinces found 79.3% considered it acceptable, with 84.8% advocating for public health coverage. A significant 63.3% also favored legalizing psilocybin for medical purposes. This high social acceptability suggests a growing openness to this emerging form of medicine within palliative and end-of-life care, influencing future psychology and psychiatry practices.
Abstract
Background: Internationally, there is a growing interest in the potential benefits of psilocybin-assisted therapy to treat existential distress at ...
Effects of External Stimulation on Psychedelic State Neurodynamics.
ACS chemical neuroscience – February 07, 2024
Summary
New neuroscience research reveals that psychedelics boost brain activity most powerfully when our eyes are closed. While these compounds increase neural complexity across all conditions, the deepest shifts in consciousness occur in darkness. Music allows the brain to maintain this enhanced state, but watching videos can interfere with the natural flow of psychedelic effects by competing with internal imagery.
Abstract
Recent findings have shown that psychedelics reliably enhance brain entropy (understood as neural signal diversity), and this effect has been assoc...
Phylogenomics of the psychoactive mushroom genus Psilocybe and evolution of the psilocybin biosynthetic gene cluster
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences – January 09, 2024
Summary
The psychedelic alkaloid psilocybin, driving Psychedelics and Drug Studies, first evolved in the mushroom genus Psilocybe around 67 million years ago. Evolutionary biology indicates its biosynthetic gene cluster transferred horizontally 4 to 5 times to other fungi between 40 and 9 million years ago. Using 71 fungal metagenomes, Phylogenetics of 2,983 gene families reveals Psilocybe's deep Biology. Two distinct psilocybin gene cluster arrangements correspond to major clades, suggesting independent acquisitions of this alkaloid's chemical synthesis, impacting Fungal Biology and Applications.
Abstract
Psychoactive mushrooms in the genus Psilocybe have immense cultural value and have been used for centuries in Mesoamerica. Despite the recent surge...
[Narcotic Use under Probation and Parole Supervision - A longitudinal Study of Risk-group-specific Recidivism under Abstinence Conditions].
Gesundheitswesen (Bundesverband der Arzte des Offentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (Germany)) – February 01, 2024
Summary
Drug testing over 14 years revealed surprising patterns among probationers and parolees: while only 2.7% tested positive for narcotics, women were more likely than men to use amphetamines. Cannabis (3.7%) and opiates (2.4%) were most common among 18-35 year olds. The study analyzed 13,500 tests from 380 people, offering valuable insights into substance use patterns during court-supervised release.
Abstract
The aim of this long-term study was to record substance-specific prevalences of illegal use of narcotics despite court-imposed abstinence requireme...
Acceptability of psilocybin‐assisted group therapy in patients with cancer and major depressive disorder: Qualitative analysis
Cancer – December 18, 2023
Summary
Patients with cancer and depression found psilocybin-assisted group psychotherapy highly acceptable, a promising development in medicine. Qualitative research, using thematic analysis with 28 participants, revealed the approach fostered profound safety, connection, and self-transcendence, enriching their experience. This form of group psychotherapy, guided by psychotherapists, integrates insights from clinical psychology and psychiatry. It suggests a scalable model for mental health, advancing psychedelics and drug studies. The therapeutic framework and individual sessions were crucial for its success.
Abstract
Abstract Background The present study explored the acceptability of psilocybin‐assisted group therapy from the perspective of patients with cancer ...