Research
Identification of 1-(thiophene-2-carbonyl)-LSD from blotter paper falsely labeled "1D-LSD".
Forensic toxicology – January 01, 2024
Summary
A new variant of LSD found on seized blotter paper reveals the evolving world of synthetic drugs. Using high-resolution mass spectrometry, researchers discovered that paper labeled "1D-LSD" actually contained a different lysergamide: 1-(thiophene-2-carbonyl)-LSD. This marks the first confirmation of this new psychoactive substance's structure, highlighting how drug markets often misrepresent their products.
Abstract
Since the mid-2010s, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) analogs made for substance abuse have periodically emerged. In this case, three pieces of blo...
The mitogenomic landscape of Banisteriopsis caapi (Malpighiaceae), the sacred liana used for ayahuasca preparation.
Genetics and molecular biology – January 01, 2024
Summary
Scientists have decoded the complete mitochondrial DNA of the sacred ayahuasca vine, revealing fascinating insights into this culturally significant Amazonian plant. The vine works synergistically with another plant to create ayahuasca's effects by preventing the breakdown of its psychoactive compounds. Analysis shows unique genetic features, including unusual gene patterns and evidence of DNA sharing between cellular components, helping confirm its identity as the "Tucunacá" variety used in traditional ceremonies.
Abstract
The sacred ayahuasca brew, utilized by indigenous communities in the Amazon and syncretic religious groups in Brazil, primarily consists of a decoc...
Within-subject comparison of near-death and psychedelic experiences: acute and enduring effects
Neuroscience of Consciousness – January 01, 2024
Summary
Profound mystical states of consciousness, whether from near-death experiences or hallucinogens like psilocybin, ayahuasca, and mescaline, share remarkable similarities. A study of 31 adults who experienced both revealed significant overlap in their phenomenology and attribution of reality. While sensory perception differed—NDEs involved more disembodiment, psychedelics more visual imagery—both induced similar mystical-like effects. This suggests the psychology of psychedelic experiences offers a valuable lens for understanding profound, sometimes paranormal, insights.
Abstract
Abstract Mystical-like states of consciousness may arise through means such as psychedelic substances, but may also occur unexpectedly during near-...
The rising use of cognitive enhancement drugs and predictors of use during COVID-19: findings from a cross-sectional survey of students and university staff in the UK.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2024
Summary
During COVID-19 lockdowns, UK universities saw a striking 42% increase in students using cognitive enhancement drugs like Modafinil. A survey of 736 students and staff revealed significant upticks in psychoactive drug use, including microdosing psychedelics, as people adapted to remote learning. Lower agreeableness and conscientiousness emerged as key personality factors predicting drug use.
Abstract
The use of psychoactive substances to increase cognitive performance while studying has been termed 'pharmacological cognitive enhancement' (PCE). ...
Commentary: Evidence-Informed Recommendation to Achieve Approximate Parity in the Allowed Number of Doses for Common Psychedelics.
Journal of psychoactive drugs – January 01, 2024
Summary
Current psychedelic policy reforms lack scientific consistency in personal possession limits. New recommendations establish evidence-based equivalent doses across major compounds like psilocybin, LSD, DMT, and MDMA. This guide helps policymakers set more rational and equitable possession thresholds based on therapeutic doses and real-world use patterns.
Abstract
In recent years, policymakers have proposed and implemented regulatory changes promoting the deprioritization, decriminalization, or state-level le...
Effects of esketamine on depression-like behavior and dendritic spine plasticity in the prefrontal cortex neurons of spared nerve injury-induced depressed mice.
Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas – January 01, 2024
Summary
A promising depression treatment, esketamine, shows remarkable ability to rewire brain connections in mice experiencing chronic pain-induced depression. The drug improved mood-related behaviors and increased the density of vital neural connections in the brain's prefrontal cortex - the region responsible for emotional regulation. These positive changes were linked to higher levels of proteins that help brain cells form new connections, suggesting esketamine helps rebuild neural pathways disrupted by depression.
Abstract
The present study utilized the spared nerve injury (SNI) to create a mouse model of depression to investigate the impact of esketamine on depressiv...
Development and feasibility of a mindfulness-based dance/movement therapy intervention for chronic low back pain.
Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) – January 01, 2024
Summary
A novel mindfulness-based dance/movement therapy program shows promise in helping people manage chronic back pain without medication. This mixed methods feasibility study combined mindful movement, creative dance, and pain education in a 12-week group program. Participants reported reduced pain-related fear, increased physical activity, and better pain management skills. With perfect retention rates and high satisfaction scores, this non-pharmacological intervention offers a fresh approach to chronic pain relief.
Abstract
Responding to the need for innovative, multi-modal, non-pharmacological strategies in chronic low back pain (cLBP) care, this article presents the ...
Survey of U.S. Residents and Their Usage of Electronic Cigarettes with Drugs Other Than Nicotine.
Journal of psychoactive drugs – January 01, 2024
Summary
One in three electronic cigarette users in the United States report using their devices for substances beyond nicotine. A nationwide survey reveals that vaping THC and other cannabinoids tops the list of alternative uses, with most users being young adult males. People typically vape these substances alone or with friends, raising concerns about impaired driving and public safety.
Abstract
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs), originally intended to be used as cigarette substitutes, have evolved into discreet devices for consuming drugs oth...
Lysergic acid diethylamide stimulates cardiac human H2 histamine and cardiac human 5-HT4-serotonin receptors.
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology – January 01, 2024
Summary
New research reveals unexpected effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) on heart function through two distinct receptor systems. The drug increases both heart rate and contractile force by activating H2-histamine and serotonin receptors in cardiac tissue. These findings from human heart samples help explain LSD's complex effects on cardiovascular function.
Abstract
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is an artificial hallucinogenic drug. Thus, we hypothesized that LSD might act 5-HT4 serotonin receptors and/or H2...
Comparing the adverse effects of ketamine and esketamine between genders using FAERS data.
Frontiers in pharmacology – January 01, 2024
Summary
Women and men experience notably different side effects from ketamine and esketamine treatments. Analysis of FDA adverse drug events revealed that men were more likely to experience physical reactions like urinary retention and hypertension with esketamine, while women showed different patterns. Signal mining of ketamine data found gender differences in toxicity responses and cardiovascular effects.
Abstract
Ketamine was developed as an anesthetic. Esketamine is the isolated S-enantiomer of racemic ketamine. They provide new avenues for the treatment of...
Immediate and long-term electrophysiological biomarkers of antidepressant-like behavioral effects after subanesthetic ketamine and medial prefrontal cortex deep brain stimulation treatment.
Frontiers in neuroscience – January 01, 2024
Summary
Ketamine and deep brain stimulation show promise in treating severe depression through distinct brain wave patterns. Scientists tracked electrical signals in rats' brains while testing these treatments, revealing specific biomarkers that indicate both depression severity and treatment success. Ketamine triggered immediate brain wave changes that lasted over a week, while deep brain stimulation improved cognitive function and altered different electrical patterns. These findings help explain how these treatments work and could guide personalized therapy approaches.
Abstract
Both ketamine (KET) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) deep brain stimulation (DBS) are emerging therapies for treatment-resistant depression, yet...
Ensuring psychedelic treatments and research do not leave anyone behind.
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology – January 01, 2024
Summary
As psychedelic treatments gain momentum in mental healthcare, access disparities threaten to exclude marginalized communities. Historically underserved groups face multiple barriers to participating in clinical trials and receiving innovative treatments. Targeted outreach, culturally-informed protocols, and inclusive research design can help ensure these breakthrough therapies benefit all populations equitably.
Abstract
Psychedelics are a promising approach to caring for persons living with severe mental illness. However, as with all clinical treatments and researc...
Acetylcholine and metacognition during sleep.
Consciousness and cognition – January 01, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator involved in a variety of cognitive functions. Additionally, acetylcholine is involved in the...
The Promise of Therapeutic Psilocybin: An Evaluation of the 134 Clinical Trials, 54 Potential Indications, and 0 Marketing Approvals on ClinicalTrials.gov.
Drug design, development and therapy – January 01, 2024
Summary
Despite growing excitement around psychedelic therapy, psilocybin's path to FDA approval faces unique challenges. Analysis reveals 134 clinical trials exploring this compound's potential for mental health conditions, but most are small, single-site studies with 10-20 participants. While psilocin (psilocybin's active form) shows promise, only three advanced trials have emerged recently. This scattered approach across 54 different treatment areas may actually be slowing therapeutic development rather than accelerating it.
Abstract
Psilocybin, a tryptamine psychedelic, has been touted in the media both historically and recently as a potential game-changing mental health therap...
Major challenges in youth psychopathology: treatment-resistant depression. A narrative review.
Frontiers in psychiatry – January 01, 2024
Summary
Nearly 40% of young people with major depressive disorder don't respond to standard treatments. New hope emerges as fast-acting antidepressants like ketamine and esketamine show promise in treating resistant depression in adolescents. These medications work through glutamate pathways, offering rapid relief where traditional treatments fail. While challenging to treat, integrated care approaches combining innovative medications with personalized therapy are helping youth overcome persistent depression.
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) represents a major health issue in adolescents and young adults, leading to high levels of disability and profoundl...
Does LSD confer lasting psychological resilience? an investigation of naturalistic users experiencing job loss.
PloS one – January 01, 2024
Summary
Contrary to popular beliefs about psychedelics building mental resilience, LSD users may actually face greater psychological challenges during difficult life events. Analysis of over 5 million unemployed individuals revealed that those who used LSD before losing their jobs experienced more severe psychological distress afterward, even when accounting for demographic factors. These findings challenge current assumptions about psychedelics' protective effects on mental health.
Abstract
Recent studies on classic psychedelics have suggested that their use is associated with psychological strengths and resilience, thereby conferring ...
Antidepressants enter cells, organelles, and membranes.
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology – January 01, 2024
Summary
Many antidepressants achieve their therapeutic effects by acting *inside* cells, not just on external surfaces as commonly assumed. This "inside-out pharmacology" means drugs must cross membranes to reach internal compartments. Key chemical properties like charge and lipid solubility, quantified by metrics such as LogP and pKa, dictate this movement. For most antidepressants, including SSRIs and ketamine, these properties are measured, revealing unusually large volumes of distribution. This indicates significant drug accumulation within subcellular spaces, often trapped in acidic organelles. Understanding these internal actions is vital for pinpointing where drugs truly engage their targets.
Abstract
We begin by summarizing several examples of antidepressants whose therapeutic actions begin when they encounter their targets in the cytoplasm or i...
N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists for treatment of catatonia in adults: Narrative review.
General hospital psychiatry – January 01, 2024
Summary
Breakthrough treatments offer new hope for catatonia, a severe condition causing physical immobility. Novel medications targeting NMDA receptors in the brain show promising results, especially when traditional treatments fail. Amantadine and memantine lead the way, with rapid improvement in most cases. Ketamine and esketamine also demonstrate effectiveness, particularly in resistant cases, providing doctors with more options to help patients regain normal movement and function.
Abstract
While the majority of patients with catatonia fully respond to benzodiazepines or ECT, some have a partial or no response. Benzodiazepines may be c...
Safety pharmacology of acute psilocybin administration in healthy participants
Neuroscience Applied – January 01, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen and chemical synthesis alkaloid, shows promise as medicine. A pooled analysis of three randomized crossover studies, involving 85 healthy participants and 113 drug administrations, examined its safety pharmacology. While some experienced increased heart rate (7%) or elevated body temperature (up to 32% at 30mg), and 6% reported transient flashbacks, no serious adverse effect occurred. Only higher doses (25-30mg) increased anxiety. This psychology and psychiatry research suggests psilocybin is safe under medical supervision akin to anesthesia, influencing behavior via neurotransmitter receptors.
Abstract
Psilocybin is being studied for its therapeutic potential in various mental health disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and addiction. Initial s...
Contemplating on human dignity: who counts as human?
Journal of medical ethics and history of medicine – January 01, 2024
Summary
The quest to define what makes us uniquely human goes beyond biology. While we can identify human species through physical traits, the philosophical definition centers on consciousness and personal autonomy. This analysis reveals that self-awareness and freedom of choice are the core attributes that define human identification, rather than purely biological classifications. These findings reshape our understanding of human dignity and rights.
Abstract
The fundamental topic in humanities is clearly the study of humans. Neglecting the understanding and recognition of humans can hinder us from achie...
Ayahuasca and Dimethyltryptamine Adverse Events and Toxicity Analysis: A Systematic Thematic Review.
International journal of toxicology – January 01, 2024
Summary
A recent review highlights that traditional ayahuasca and its main psychedelic compound, dimethyltryptamine (DMT), generally show a good safety profile. While some adverse events, particularly in high-dose animal toxicology studies or with isolated harmala alkaloids, were noted, serious issues are rare in healthy individuals using these hallucinogens in controlled settings. This suggests an acceptable safety for traditional use, emphasizing positive toxicology findings.
Abstract
The objective of this paper is to conduct a systematic thematic review of adverse events, safety, and toxicity of traditional ayahuasca plant prepa...
Evaluation of the sedative effect of intranasal versus intramuscular ketamine in 2-6-year-old uncooperative dental patients.
Dental and medical problems – January 01, 2024
Summary
Helping anxious children stay calm during dental work is crucial, and ketamine sedation offers a solution. A comparison of intranasal and intramuscular delivery methods in young dental patients revealed that muscle injection produced better results. Children showed less movement and crying, while dentists reported improved cooperation. The intramuscular approach proved more effective for safe sedation in pediatric dentistry.
Abstract
Conscious sedation has gained more popularity these days, with different routes of drug administration having various advantages and disadvantages....
Prospective associations of psychedelic treatment for co-occurring alcohol misuse and posttraumatic stress symptoms among United States Special Operations Forces Veterans.
Military psychology : the official journal of the Division of Military Psychology, American Psychological Association – January 01, 2024
Summary
Special Operations Veterans struggling with alcohol misuse and trauma showed remarkable improvement after psychedelic therapy in Mexico. Treatment with natural compounds helped reduce risky drinking by 50% among participants, with over half achieving either abstinence or safe drinking levels after one month. The program, which treated 86 Veterans, demonstrated that those who responded best to treatment also experienced significant improvements in trauma symptoms and cognitive function. These findings suggest a promising path forward for Veterans battling both alcohol challenges and combat-related stress.
Abstract
This study evaluated prospective associations of ibogaine and 5-MeO-DMT treatment for risky alcohol use and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) s...
Knowledge gaps in psychedelic medicalisation: Preclinical and neuroimaging mechanisms.
Neuroscience applied – January 01, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic compounds like psilocybin are intensely investigated for brain disorders. Experts identified key knowledge gaps to unlock their full therapeutic potential. Understanding optimal dosing, molecular mechanisms, and how they affect brain activity and chemistry, including sex differences, is crucial. This clarity promises to maximize their clinical benefits.
Abstract
Classical psychedelic drugs, e.g., psilocybin and LSD, stimulate the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) and have recently been intensely investigated ...
Die subakuten Effekte des Psilocybin auf Persönlichkeit, Achtsamkeit und die Auflösung des Selbst
OpenAlex – January 01, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin significantly reduces neuroticism and anxiety, improving life satisfaction. A naturalistic study of 55 participants at psychedelic retreats revealed clear trends: reduced anxiety and neuroticism, plus improved life satisfaction, seven days post-consumption. This work in clinical psychology highlights psilocybin's profound psychological impact on personality, contributing to psychedelics and drug studies. Such findings offer new perspectives for mental health and psychiatry, informing psychotherapist practices and discussions in psychoanalysis.
Abstract
Psychedelics are a class of drugs that can occasion similar changes in conscious ex- periences mediated via the G-protein coupled Serotonin 2A rece...
Brain dynamics predictive of response to psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression.
Brain communications – January 01, 2024
Summary
Scientists have discovered specific brain regions that determine whether psilocybin treatment will effectively treat depression. Using large-scale brain modelling, researchers identified key neural patterns in patients before treatment that predicted success. Those who responded well showed distinct brain activity in areas rich in serotonin receptors - the same regions where psilocybin acts. This breakthrough explains why the treatment works for some but not others.
Abstract
Psilocybin therapy for depression has started to show promise, yet the underlying causal mechanisms are not currently known. Here, we leveraged the...
Including Sexually and Gender Diverse Populations in 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine-Assisted Psychotherapy Trial Research.
LGBT health – January 01, 2024
Summary
MDMA-assisted psychotherapy shows remarkable promise for treating PTSD, particularly among sexually and gender diverse individuals who face higher rates of trauma due to societal stigma and minority stress. Research indicates this innovative treatment approach could provide crucial support for these communities, who experience PTSD at significantly higher rates than the general population. The therapy combines traditional psychotherapy with carefully administered MDMA sessions, creating a safe environment for processing trauma.
Abstract
Sexually and gender diverse (SGD) populations experience an increased prevalence and severity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) compared with...
Trends in waking salivary alpha-amylase levels following healing lucid dreams.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) is considered a marker of autonomic nervous system activity in stress research, and atypical waking sAA responses have...
Subanesthetic Dose of Esketamine Improves the Sedative and Analgesic Effects of Dexmedetomidine and Remifentanil in Liposuction Anesthesia: A Prospective, Double-Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial.
Drug design, development and therapy – January 01, 2024
Summary
A small dose of esketamine added to standard anesthesia medications significantly improves patient comfort during liposuction procedures. Adding this medication resulted in better sedation, pain control, and higher satisfaction scores from both patients and surgical teams. Patients needed fewer painkillers, experienced less anxiety, and reported better sleep quality after surgery.
Abstract
Esketamine have anesthetic and analgesic properties. This study aimed to observe the enhancing effect of subanesthetic doses of esketamine (0.15-0....
Understanding the role of the NMDA receptor subunit, GluN2D, in mediating NMDA receptor antagonist-induced behavioral disruptions in male and female mice.
Journal of neuroscience research – January 01, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Noncompetitive NMDA receptor (NMDAR) antagonists like phencyclidine (PCP) and ketamine cause psychosis-like symptoms in healthy humans, exacerbate ...
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Pharmacovigilance of esketamine nasal spray: an analysis of the FDA adverse event reporting system database.
Frontiers in pharmacology – January 01, 2024
Summary
A groundbreaking nasal spray treatment for severe depressive disorder reveals important safety insights. Analysis of FAERS data shows that while esketamine nasal spray effectively treats depression, patients commonly experience temporary dissociation and sedation as side effects. Data analysis of 14,600 cases highlights the need for careful monitoring, though most adverse effects align with known safety profiles.
Abstract
Esketamine nasal spray (ESK-NS) is a new drug for treatment-resistant depression, and we aimed to detect and characterize the adverse events (AEs) ...
Research trends and hotspots of ketamine from 2014 to 2023: a bibliometric analysis.
Frontiers in neuroscience – January 01, 2024
Summary
Ketamine's evolution from anesthesia medication to breakthrough depression treatment has sparked unprecedented research interest. Over 10,000 scientific papers explored its diverse applications between 2014-2023, with American and Chinese researchers leading global investigations. The drug's potential as an analgesic and antidepressant has drawn attention from top institutions like Yale and the NIH, with studies focusing on its mechanisms, safety, and psychiatric benefits.
Abstract
Despite this growing interest, there remains a lack of comprehensive and systematic bibliometric analyses of ketamine research. This study aimed to...
Half a Century of Research on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Scientometric Analysis.
Current neuropharmacology – January 01, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
We conducted a scientometric analysis to outline clinical research on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Our primary objective was to perform a ...
Comparative Efficacy of Intravenous Ketamine and Tramadol in Reducing Postspinal Anesthesia Shivering in Urological Surgeries: A Triple-blind Randomized Clinical Trial.
Journal of research in pharmacy practice – January 01, 2024
Summary
Shivering after spinal anesthesia affects up to 60% of surgery patients, but new research shows promising solutions. When comparing intravenous ketamine and tramadol for preventing post-surgery shivers during urological procedures, tramadol emerged as the clear winner. It reduced shivering in 77% of patients, while causing fewer side effects than ketamine. This breakthrough offers surgeons a safer, more effective way to keep patients comfortable.
Abstract
Shivering is one of the most common complications due to disturbances in the thermoregulatory system after regional anesthesia, leading to adverse ...
Ketamine in the effective management of chronic pain, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder for Veterans: A meta-analysis and systematic review.
Frontiers in psychiatry – January 01, 2024
Summary
Veterans suffering from chronic pain and mental health conditions found significant relief through ketamine treatments, with remarkable success rates across multiple studies. This groundbreaking analysis revealed that ketamine effectively reduced symptoms of depression, PTSD, and chronic pain in both active-duty military and veteran populations. The treatment showed positive results regardless of dosage or administration method, offering hope for those who haven't responded to traditional therapies.
Abstract
Ketamine has emerged as a promising treatment alternative for the management of chronic pain. Despite encouraging findings in civilian populations,...
Psychoactive plant derivatives (ayahuasca, ibogaine, kratom) and their application in opioid withdrawal and use disorder - a narrative review.
Journal of addictive diseases – January 01, 2024
Summary
Natural plant-based compounds show promise in addressing the opioid crisis. Ayahuasca, ibogaine, and kratom have emerged as potential alternatives for managing opioid withdrawal and addiction. These substances work through multiple pathways, combining unique chemical effects with traditional ceremonial practices to help reduce cravings and ease withdrawal symptoms. While ayahuasca and ibogaine often require supervised settings, kratom has gained popularity as a more accessible option for opioid use disorder.
Abstract
The opioid epidemic and limited access to treatment for opioid withdrawal (OW) and opioid use disorder (OUD) has led individuals to seek alternativ...
Psilocybin for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: A magic to treat a harmony of illusions?
Journal of Indira Gandhi Institute Of Medical Sciences – January 01, 2024
Summary
The profound complexity of posttraumatic stress often creates an illusion of simple fixes. While psilocybin, a chemical synthesis from alkaloids, shows promise as a catalyst in psychotherapy, understanding its full psychological and psychiatric impact requires meticulous observation. Much like using a MAGIC (telescope) to study distant phenomena, integrating insights from Psychedelics and Drug Studies and Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies is vital. This holistic view, emphasizing the psychotherapist's role, avoids quick chemical solutions for inherently complex problems.
Abstract
Abstract A review of the literature on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) suggests it to be a complex disorder with many contributing factors. Th...
Attitudes of European psychiatrists on psychedelics: a qualitative study.
Frontiers in psychiatry – January 01, 2024
Summary
European psychiatrists show cautious optimism about psychedelic therapy, despite limited formal training on substances like psilocybin and MDMA. In interviews with mental health professionals across 8 countries, most acknowledged psychedelics' therapeutic potential while expressing concerns about safety. Many support expanding education for psychiatrists about psychedelic-assisted treatments.
Abstract
It is important to understand how mental health practitioners view recent findings on psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) as there is potentia...
Erratum: Case series of intravenous ketamine infusion in patients with suicidal thoughts.
Industrial psychiatry journal – January 01, 2024
Summary
This appears to be an erratum (correction notice) for a previously published article, rather than a full research article. Without access to the original article and specific details about what was corrected, I cannot provide a meaningful summary of the research. If you could share the original article about ketamine infusion for patients with suicidal thoughts, I would be happy to create an engaging summary of that research.
Abstract
[This corrects the article on p. 437 in vol. 32, PMID: 38161461.].
Esketamine Combined with Dexmedetomidine to reduce Visceral Pain During elective Cesarean Section Under Combined Spinal-Epidural Anesthesia: A double-Blind Randomized Controlled Study.
Drug design, development and therapy – January 01, 2024
Summary
A breakthrough in managing childbirth pain: combining two medications during cesarean sections reduces discomfort by nearly 75%. When doctors added esketamine to dexmedetomidine during C-sections with spinal-epidural anesthesia, mothers experienced significantly less visceral pain. The combined treatment kept blood pressure stable and proved more effective than either medication alone.
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the effect of intravenous esketamine combined with dexmedetomidine as supplemental analgesia in reducing intraoperative viscer...
The impact of ketamine on pain-related outcomes after thoracotomy: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Frontiers in medicine – January 01, 2024
Summary
Ketamine, traditionally known as an anesthetic, shows promising results in managing post-surgical pain. When combined with standard pain medications after thoracic surgery, it significantly reduces both pain intensity and the need for opioid painkillers. Analysis of 556 patients across multiple trials revealed that those receiving ketamine experienced better pain management outcomes, with less discomfort both while resting and moving. This approach cut opioid use by nearly two-thirds during the critical first three days after surgery, offering a more effective acute pain management strategy.
Abstract
This meta-analysis aims to examine how effective ketamine is in the management of acute and preventing chronic post-thoracotomy pain by synthesizin...
Experiential Learning with Ketamine: A Mixed-Methods Exploratory Study on Prescription and Perception.
Therapeutics and clinical risk management – January 01, 2024
Summary
Healthcare providers significantly increased ketamine use in critical care during COVID-19, yet many remained uncomfortable with the medication despite hands-on experience. A major hospital study revealed that ketamine use for analgosedation jumped from 2% to 32% of ventilated patients during the pandemic. Despite this surge in practical experience, doctors still cited knowledge gaps and desired more continuing education and protocols to guide its use in critical care.
Abstract
Incorporating unfamiliar therapies into practice requires effective longitudinal learning and the optimal way to achieve this is debated. Though no...
Empowering understanding: navigating consent to ketamine treatment in adolescent mental health.
Frontiers in psychiatry – January 01, 2024
Summary
Ketamine shows promise in treating severe adolescent depression, but obtaining proper consent presents unique ethical challenges. Healthcare providers must balance parental rights with young patients' growing autonomy when discussing this innovative treatment. The process requires clear communication about ketamine's rapid antidepressant effects, potential risks, and its current off-label status. Success hinges on informed consent from parents while ensuring meaningful assent from adolescents themselves.
Abstract
The rising prevalence of mental health disorders in adolescents, compounded by treatment resistance, underscores the need for innovative interventi...
Ketamine Induced Acute Systolic Heart Failure.
European journal of case reports in internal medicine – January 01, 2024
Summary
Long-term ketamine misuse can trigger severe heart complications, as revealed in a striking case of a 28-year-old woman. After 14 years of regular ketamine use, she developed systolic heart failure with severe symptoms. Following proper medical treatment and cessation of ketamine use, her heart function improved dramatically - from 15% to 54% efficiency within four months. This highlights how ketamine-induced heart problems can be reversed with timely intervention.
Abstract
Studies have shown major cardiovascular effects associated with ketamine use disorder including dose-dependent negative inotropic effects. Preopera...
"This is you teaching you:" Exploring providers' perspectives on experiential learning and enhancing patient safety and outcomes in ketamine-assisted therapy.
PloS one – January 01, 2024
Summary
Personal experience with psychedelics significantly enhances therapists' ability to support patients during ketamine therapy, according to healthcare providers at leading wellness clinics. Through in-depth interviews with eight trained therapists, researchers found that firsthand psychedelic experience helped practitioners better understand their clients' journeys and build stronger therapeutic relationships. Providers emphasized that formal experiential training would improve patient safety and treatment outcomes.
Abstract
This study explores therapists' perspectives on experiential learning, competencies, and training in ketamine-assisted therapy (KAT), a form of psy...
Quantum-like Qualia hypothesis: from quantum cognition to quantum perception.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2024
Summary
Our conscious experiences change when we pay attention to them - much like quantum particles change when observed. Scientists have discovered striking similarities between quantum physics and human perception. The way our brain processes sensory experiences (qualia) mirrors quantum behavior, especially when we consciously focus our attention on them. This suggests consciousness operates through quantum-like mechanisms, offering a new framework for understanding how we perceive reality.
Abstract
To arbitrate theories of consciousness, scientists need to understand mathematical structures of quality of consciousness, or qualia. The dominant ...
Impact of Altered Gut Microbiota on Ketamine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference in Mice.
Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment – January 01, 2024
Summary
Your gut bacteria may influence drug addiction patterns. Scientists discovered that ketamine abuse significantly alters gut microbiota composition, affecting brain chemistry through the gut-brain axis. When mice received ketamine, their intestinal bacteria changed dramatically, leading to reduced GABRA1 (a key brain receptor) and increased BDNF levels. Notably, mice with depleted gut bacteria showed different responses to ketamine, suggesting that healthy gut microbiota could be crucial in addressing addiction.
Abstract
Ketamine is a drug of abuse worldwide and current treatments for ketamine abuse are inadequate. It is an urgent need to develop novel anti-addictiv...
Hepatic injury and hepatic failure adverse events in 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine users reported to the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System.
Frontiers in psychiatry – January 01, 2024
Summary
MDMA, often studied for PTSD treatment, shows remarkably few liver-related issues despite millions of annual doses. Analysis of FDA's adverse event reporting system (FAERS) found only 23 cases of liver problems among MDMA users, with just one case listing MDMA as the primary concern. Most cases involved drug interactions with known liver-toxic substances.
Abstract
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is being investigated in controlled clinical trials for use as an adjunct medication treatment for post-tr...
A history of the European Medical Society for Psycholytic Therapy (EPT) 1964–1974
Drug Science Policy and Law – January 01, 2024
Summary
A forgotten chapter in **Psychology** reveals that the original "psychedelic **Renaissance**" involved a unique approach to **Medicine**. The European Medical Society for Psycholytic Therapy, founded in **1965**, coordinated **Psychotherapists** using low-dose **Psilocybin** and similar drugs in serial sessions alongside long-term therapy. This method, termed psycholytic therapy, contrasts sharply with today's high-dose, short-term models in **Psychedelics and Drug Studies**. Unearthing its history from archives offers crucial insights for modern **Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies**, informing future standards for **Psilocybin** and other substances from **chemical synthesis and alkaloids**.
Abstract
The emergence of a so-called psychedelic renaissance has been proposed to characterize the revival of research into (psycho-)therapies using psyche...
A Case of Hepatotoxicity Induced by Therapeutic Ketamine Use for Sedation.
Case reports in critical care – January 01, 2024
Summary
A rare but serious side effect of ketamine therapy has been documented: liver toxicity. When used for sedation in a 27-year-old ICU patient, ketamine caused concerning elevation in liver enzymes. The condition resolved after stopping the medication. This case highlights that while ketamine is generally safe for short-term use, monitoring liver function during treatment is crucial for patient safety.
Abstract
Ketamine, initially developed as an anesthetic, has shown versatility in medical applications, including pain management, treatment-resistant depre...
The conceptual framework for the therapeutic approach used in phase 3 trials of MDMA-assisted therapy for PTSD.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2024
Summary
MDMA-assisted therapy shows remarkable promise for treating post-traumatic stress disorder by combining psychedelic medicine with trauma-informed care. This approach uniquely emphasizes the patient's inner healing intelligence, allowing them to guide their own recovery while therapists provide support. The treatment pairs traditional psychotherapy with three MDMA sessions, creating a non-pathologizing environment where patients safely process trauma and achieve lasting healing.
Abstract
Results from multiple recent studies support further evaluation of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in conjunction with psychotherapy (i.e....
Dexmedetomidine versus ketamine in improving tolerance to noninvasive ventilation after blunt chest trauma: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.
Journal of anaesthesiology, clinical pharmacology – January 01, 2024
Summary
Pain management after chest injuries presents unique challenges for breathing support. A breakthrough study compared two sedation medications for patients requiring breathing assistance after blunt chest trauma. Both dexmedetomidine and ketamine helped patients tolerate non-invasive ventilation longer than those receiving placebo. While dexmedetomidine provided better sedation, ketamine offered superior pain control with less need for additional pain medication.
Abstract
Even though patient tolerance is critical to the success of noninvasive ventilation (NIV), research on using sedation to improve tolerance to NIV a...
Exploring the multifaceted potential of (R)-ketamine beyond antidepressant applications.
Frontiers in pharmacology – January 01, 2024
Summary
While traditional ketamine variants show promise for depression, (R)-ketamine emerges as a groundbreaking alternative with fewer side effects. This form demonstrates remarkable potential beyond mental health, showing benefits for cognitive disorders and ischemic stroke recovery. Its antidepressant efficacy, particularly in treatment-resistant depression (TRD), comes with minimal dissociative effects, making it a safer option for many patients.
Abstract
(R, S)- and (S)-ketamine have made significant progress in the treatment of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and have become a research focus i...
MDMA for treatment of PTSD and neurorehabilitation in military populations.
NeuroRehabilitation – January 01, 2024
Summary
MDMA-assisted therapy shows remarkable promise for military personnel, with clinical trials revealing up to 88% reduction in PTSD symptoms. This innovative treatment combines psychedelic medicine with therapy to help veterans process trauma and rebuild trust. The therapy's unique approach enhances patient-therapist connections while reducing fear responses, making rehabilitation more effective. Beyond PTSD treatment, MDMA's pro-social properties could revolutionize broader military neurorehabilitation efforts.
Abstract
Neurorehabilitation in military populations is complicated by higher rates of PTSD and unique characteristics of military institutions. These facto...
Is Use of Psychedelic Drugs a Risk or Protective Factor for Late-Life Cognitive Decline?
Gerontology & geriatric medicine – January 01, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Objectives: Common age-related health conditions can lead to poor mental health outcomes and deteriorate cognition. Additionally, commonly prescrib...
Unexpected consequences: A case of ketamine-induced seizure in procedural sedation.
Turkish journal of emergency medicine – January 01, 2024
Summary
While widely used for procedural sedation, ketamine's safety profile faced scrutiny when a healthy 32-year-old experienced an unexpected seizure during routine shoulder treatment. The patient received a standard dose but developed seizure activity within one minute. Quick medical intervention resolved the adverse effect, and follow-up brain testing showed no underlying issues. This rare case highlights ketamine's generally safe profile while reminding medical teams to stay vigilant during sedation procedures.
Abstract
This case report describes a 32-year-old male who underwent ketamine procedural sedation and experienced a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Despit...
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine-Esketamine Combination Premedication versus Monotherapy for Reducing Emergence Delirium and Postoperative Behavioral Changes in Pediatric Tonsillectomy and/or Adenoidectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Drug design, development and therapy – January 01, 2024
Summary
Children undergoing tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy often experience post-surgery distress, but a breakthrough combination of medications offers new hope. Doctors found that giving children a nasal spray combining dexmedetomidine and esketamine before surgery significantly reduced post-anesthesia confusion and behavioral changes. The treatment also helped children separate from parents more easily and wake up faster after surgery.
Abstract
Emergence delirium and postoperative negative behavioral changes (PNBC) are common complications in pediatric anesthesia. This study evaluated whet...
Psychiatric and legal considerations for ketamine treatment within prison settings.
Frontiers in psychiatry – January 01, 2024
Summary
Treatment-resistant depression affects many incarcerated individuals, with rates of suicidality significantly higher in prisons than the general population. Ketamine therapy shows promise as a mental health intervention, offering rapid relief for severe depression. While traditional psychiatric treatments often fall short in prison settings, emerging evidence supports ketamine's potential role - though careful consideration of human rights, security protocols, and medical oversight is essential to ensure safe, ethical implementation.
Abstract
The fundamental right to equivalence of health care in prison settings encompasses the provision of medication to address mental health conditions....
Impact of intra-operative ketamine on postoperative outcomes in abdominal surgery: a narrative review.
Translational gastroenterology and hepatology – January 01, 2024
Summary
Using ketamine during abdominal surgery can significantly reduce post-operative pain and decrease patients' need for opioid medications. When administered during surgery, ketamine helps manage pain more effectively, with patients reporting lower pain scores and requiring fewer pain medications in the crucial 24 hours after surgery. While some patients experienced side effects like hallucinations, the benefits of improved pain control make this approach promising for surgical care.
Abstract
Ketamine offers a promising solution to common postoperative issues in abdominal surgery, including pain, nausea, opioid use, and opioid-related si...
The Role of Attentional Control in Mindfulness Intervention for Emotional Distress: A Randomized Controlled Trial With Longitudinal Mediation Analyses.
Clinical psychology & psychotherapy – January 01, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether attentional control serves as a mediator for mindfulness-based interventions for emotional distress, utiliz...