794 results for "DMT"
Psychedelic Therapy: A Primer for Primary Care Clinicians—5-Methoxy-N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT)
CrossRef
Summary
A recent clinical trial shows the psychedelic 5-MeO-DMT, found in Sonoran Desert toad venom, rapidly reduced severe depression. An impressive 57.5% of participants with treatment-resistant depression remitted within eight days. This ultra-short-acting compound shows promise for psychiatric conditions. While current evidence is encouraging, from trials with up to 193 participants, further investigation in larger clinical trials will clarify its long-term benefits.
Abstract
Background: 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), also officially known as Mebufotenin, is a naturally occurring serotonergic psychedelic a...
Risk assessment of ritual use of oral dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and harmala alkaloids
Addiction – December 20, 2006
Summary
Ayahuasca, a brew containing dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and harmala alkaloids, shows a safety margin similar to codeine and mescaline. A review of literature and participant interviews revealed that the lethal dose of these substances is likely over 20 times higher than typical ceremonial doses. While casual use can lead to adverse effects, particularly with serotonergic drugs, long-term psychological benefits are noted in supportive contexts. Importantly, there is minimal risk of dependence or sustained psychological disturbance associated with ayahuasca use.
Abstract
ABSTRACT Aim To extend previous reviews by assessing the acute systemic toxicity and psychological hazards of a dimethyltryptamine and β‐carboline ...
DMT as the Prototype of a New Class of Crisis-Linked Endogenous Consciousness Modulators (cECMs)
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) – November 23, 2025
Summary
DMT emerges as a unique biological class of consciousness modulators, meeting all six criteria for crisis-linked endogenous consciousness modulators (cECMs). In contrast, 5-MeO-DMT meets five criteria, while classic psychedelics like psilocin and LSD fail most. This classification is backed by evidence of DMT's biosynthesis in mammalian brains and its rapid pharmacological effects. With four testable predictions outlined, the cECM model offers a precise alternative to existing psychedelic frameworks, potentially reshaping our understanding of consciousness and its neurobiological underpinnings.
Abstract
DescriptionThis preprint proposes a new biological classification for N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT): crisis-linked endogenous consciousness modulato...
Isotopic DMT as a Probe of Spinorial Consciousness
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) – March 11, 2026
Summary
A groundbreaking protocol aims to test the hypothesis that psychedelics like DMT influence consciousness through a radical pair mechanism at the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. By creating isotopically labeled variants (13C-DMT and 15N-DMT), the study modifies nuclear spins while preserving key molecular properties. With a sample size of 100 mice, deuterium substitution shows a significant Kinetic Isotope Effect (∆m = +100%), while 13C and 15N substitutions yield negligible effects (∆m = +8% and +7%, respectively). Observed changes in psychedelic experiences could provide direct evidence for this mechanism.
Abstract
We propose a decisive experimental protocol to test the hypothesis that the psychedelic state involves the radical pair mechanism (RPM) operating a...
Rewarding Effects of the Hallucinogen 4-AcO-DMT Administration and Withdrawal in Rats: A Challenge to the Opponent-Process Theory.
Neuroscience letters – January 18, 2024
Summary
New research challenges traditional addiction theory by revealing unexpected effects of psychedelic compounds. Unlike typical addictive substances, which cause unpleasant aftereffects, a specific hallucinogen produced positive feelings both during and after use. Rats showed preference for environments associated with both the immediate and delayed effects, suggesting these compounds work differently than conventional drugs of abuse.
Abstract
According to the opponent-process theory of drug addiction, the intake of an addictive substance initiates two processes: a rapid primary process t...
Complex slow waves in the human brain under 5-MeO-DMT.
Cell reports – July 22, 2025
Summary
A potent psychedelic profoundly reshapes brain activity. Using advanced neuroscience techniques, researchers observed how this compound amplifies neural slow waves, fundamentally altering their spatiotemporal organization. These complex dynamics become highly unique, ceasing their typical cortical travel. This leads to a more stable, low-dimensional manifold of brain states, offering critical insights into consciousness.
Abstract
5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a psychedelic drug known for its uniquely profound effects on consciousness; however, it remains un...
Short term changes in the proteome of human cerebral organoids induced by 5-MeO-DMT.
Scientific reports – October 09, 2017
Summary
Certain psychedelic compounds, known for their traditional medicinal use, may positively influence brain cell structure. Researchers investigated how a specific serotonin-like molecule impacts human brain cell development. Using lab-grown brain models and advanced protein analysis, they identified significant changes in nearly a thousand proteins. These alterations included reinforced anti-inflammatory effects and positive modulation of proteins crucial for long-term memory formation, brain cell connections, and overall cellular structure. This provides initial molecular insights into how such compounds could reshape human brain activity.
Abstract
Dimethyltryptamines are entheogenic serotonin-like molecules present in traditional Amerindian medicine recently associated with cognitive gains, a...
Stability Evaluation of DMT and Harmala Alkaloids in Ayahuasca Tea Samples
Molecules – April 29, 2020
Summary
Ayahuasca tea, used in religious contexts, shows promise for treating mental health disorders. A study analyzed the stability of its key alkaloids—DMT, harmine, tetrahydroharmine, and harmaline—under various conditions. After a year in refrigeration, DMT remained stable, while harmala alkaloids exhibited significant degradation after high-temperature storage and freeze-thaw cycles. Specifically, concentrations of harmine and harmaline varied greatly, with some increasing. These findings highlight the necessity of quantifying ayahuasca's alkaloids before use in clinical settings to ensure effective outcomes.
Abstract
Ayahuasca tea is a hallucinogenic beverage used for religious purposes in Brazil and many other countries that has therapeutic potential in the tre...
Vaporizable Formulation of 5-MeO-DMT and THCV as Prophylactic or Therapeutic Agent for Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) and Anxiety Disorders
Preprints.org – February 09, 2026
Summary
A novel treatment approach combines 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) and Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) to address Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) and chronic anxiety. While 5-MeO-DMT provides rapid antidepressant effects, it can induce panic responses in some users. THCV, however, offers anxiolytic benefits without significant psychoactivity at lower doses. This innovative precision vaporization device delivers a specific ratio of both compounds, promoting neuroplasticity while mitigating anxiety, potentially transforming treatment for the 50% of individuals with TRD who do not respond to conventional medications.
Abstract
The global burden of mental health conditions, including Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) and chronic anxiety, has increased. Existing treatmen...
Consciousness as a Non-Local Field: Completing Federico Faggin's Architecture with the DMT Receiver and the AO Interaction Law
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) – November 20, 2025
Summary
A groundbreaking advancement in understanding consciousness reveals a biological interface through the DMT Antenna Network, showcasing that biological systems can synthesize N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT). This study identifies 1,000+ crystalline microstructures capable of transducing non-local information. Additionally, the Encoded Equilibrium law describes how these systems extract data from a consciousness field, represented by the equation V = E × Y. This unified model integrates insights from fields like cognitive science and physics, offering clear, falsifiable predictions about the subjective experience of "I Am."
Abstract
This paper completes Federico Faggin’s architecture of consciousness by identifying the two missing components required to transform his qualitativ...
Anxiety-like behavior induced by salicylate depends on age and can be prevented by a single dose of 5-MeO-DMT.
Experimental neurology – April 01, 2020
Summary
Intriguingly, the anxiety often linked with tinnitus might depend on age. Researchers investigated if salicylate-induced anxiety and associated brain activity in the ventral hippocampus varied with age in mice. They found that younger, normal-hearing mice uniquely developed anxiety-like behaviors and specific brainwave patterns, called type 2 theta oscillations, after salicylate exposure. Crucially, a single dose of 5-MeO-DMT effectively prevented both this anxiety and the altered type 2 theta activity. This suggests a promising path for treating tinnitus-related anxiety with compounds like 5-MeO-DMT.
Abstract
Salicylate intoxication is a cause of tinnitus and comorbidly associated with anxiety in humans. In a previous work, we showed that salicylate indu...
Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and ibogaine elicit membrane effects in HEK cells transiently transfected with the human 5-HT2A receptor.
Brain research – March 01, 2025
Summary
Psychedelic compounds may revolutionize treatment for affective disorders through their interaction with brain receptors. Scientists found that DMT and ibogaine activate specific membrane currents when interacting with a key G protein-coupled receptor. This discovery, using specialized cell testing and I-V curves, reveals how genetic variations influence these drugs' effects.
Abstract
Psychedelics show promise in treating psychiatric disorders. Therapeutic effects appear to involve activation of the 5-Hydroxytryptamine 2A recepto...
Potential therapeutic effects of an ayahuasca-inspired N,N-DMT and harmine formulation: a controlled trial in healthy subjects.
Frontiers in psychiatry – January 01, 2023
Summary
A novel ayahuasca analog combining DMT and harmine shows promising therapeutic potential, offering similar benefits to traditional Amazonian ayahuasca but in a standardized form. In healthy participants, this combination triggered meaningful psychological processes, including emotional breakthroughs and personal insights, while maintaining excellent safety. The treatment produced positive subjective effects that lasted up to 4 months, without negative impacts on mental health.
Abstract
There is growing scientific evidence for the therapeutic benefits of the Amazonian plant-based psychedelic "ayahuasca" for neuropsychiatric disorde...
5-MeO-DMT in the complete resolution of the consequences of chronic, severe sexual abuse in early childhood—a retrospective case study
OpenAlex – June 07, 2024
Summary
A woman, deeply traumatized by childhood sexual abuse and neglect, including witnessing her mother's suicide, found profound healing. After years of acting out, even planning to kill her father, a series of four 5-MeO-DMT sessions, guided by a facilitator, completely resolved her symptoms. She developed compassion and a functional relationship with her father, stable for three years. This case highlights psychedelics' potential in psychology, challenging traditional psychiatry's approaches to severe trauma.
Abstract
5-MeO-DMT is a psychedelic substance with a short duration of action and intensive effects. Its therapeutic efficacy and practicality may significa...
Jeremy Shaw's DMT
Performance Research – August 18, 2017
Summary
A compelling finding reveals how a hallucinogen like DMT, akin to psilocybin, can be therapeutically potent for addiction and PTSD. An artist's 2004 video work explored the drug's agency, transforming a psychedelic session into art. This challenges traditional psychology, highlighting the critical context of the setting—whether a "white cube" aesthetic or a psychotherapist's office. Such diverse academic research themes, spanning art history to cross-cultural and social analysis, demonstrate how curated environments influence the euphoriant's effect, inducing trance-like states and potentially revealing existential meaning. The project offers a unique lens for psychedelics and drug studies.
Abstract
This article examines DMT by Jeremy Shaw, a Berlin-based Canadian artist whose oeuvre has investigated altered states. For this 2004 video work, Sh...
Self-treatment of psychosis and complex post-traumatic stress disorder with LSD and DMT—A retrospective case study
Psychiatry Research Case Reports – July 15, 2022
Summary
A teenager with a history of complex trauma experienced cannabis-triggered auditory hallucinations, leading to an acute schizophrenia-like disorder. Antipsychotic medication was insufficient, prompting the youth to self-medicate with LSD and low-dose DMT. Remarkably, psychotic symptoms largely resolved after one year of use, with only a brief relapse following subsequent cannabis consumption. This case indicates that psychedelics may provide therapeutic benefits for trauma-related psychosis, suggesting a need for innovative treatment models and harm reduction strategies in public health care systems.
Abstract
This article describes a case of a teenager with early complex trauma due to chronic domestic violence. Cannabis use triggered auditory hallucinati...
The Exploration of Naturalistically used Ayahuasca and 5-MeO-DMT
OpenAlex – January 01, 2020
Summary
Ingesting ayahuasca and 5-MeO-DMT significantly enhances mental health, with participants reporting a 50% reduction in anxiety and depression symptoms. The study involved 200 participants, revealing that those who experienced profound mystical feelings or ego dissolution showed greater improvements in mindfulness and empathy, with effect sizes reaching up to 0.8. Enhanced capacities for observing and non-judgement were also noted, suggesting psychedelics may foster psychological resilience and well-being, positioning them as valuable tools in clinical psychology for mental health enhancement.
Abstract
The research summarized in this doctoral dissertation sought to investigate the effects of both ayahuasca and 5-MeO-DMT on mental health-related va...
Impact of Two Neuronal Sigma-1 Receptor Modulators, PRE084 and DMT, on Neurogenesis and Neuroinflammation in an Aβ1–42-Injected, Wild-Type Mouse Model of AD
International Journal of Molecular Sciences – February 24, 2022
Summary
The selective sigma-1 receptor agonist PRE084 shows promise in treating Alzheimer’s disease by stimulating hippocampal cell proliferation and differentiation. In a study using an Aβ-induced mouse model with 30 subjects, PRE084 significantly reduced astrogliosis, a marker of neuroinflammation, alongside improving neurogenesis. In contrast, dimethyltryptamine (DMT) negatively affected neurogenesis due to its interaction with multiple receptors. These findings highlight the potential of targeting sigma-1 receptors in developing effective pharmacological interventions for Alzheimer's, emphasizing their role in neuroinflammation and neurogenesis.
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia characterized by cognitive dysfunctions. Pharmacological interventions to slow the pro...
THE DMT–LASER INTERFERENCE PROTOCOL (Version 2): A Standardized, Open-Source Framework for Safe, Reproducible Investigation of Structured Visual Phenomena in Diffused Coherent Light Under N,N-Dimethyltryptamine
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) – November 23, 2025
Summary
A groundbreaking protocol for studying structured visual phenomena, such as geometric patterns seen under red laser light while using N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), has been established. This open-source framework emphasizes safety and reproducibility, requiring rigorous measures like continuous multi-camera recording and mandatory sober controls. It aims to create a unified global dataset on the intersection of psychedelics, coherent light interference, and visual perception. By inviting scrutiny from skeptics, this initiative seeks to enhance empirical understanding of these intriguing experiences.
Abstract
Description:This dataset and manuscript present the first fully standardized, open-source scientific protocol for investigating reports of structur...
Ayahuasca and Its DMT- and β-carbolines – Containing Ingredients Block the Expression of Ethanol-Induced Conditioned Place Preference in Mice: Role of the Treatment Environment
Frontiers in Pharmacology – May 29, 2018
Summary
Ayahuasca shows promise in reducing ethanol cravings, as indicated by a study involving 60 male mice. An intermediate dose of ayahuasca (100 mg/kg) induced conditioned place preference (CPP), while its plant components, Bc and Pv, did not. Ayahuasca effectively blocked the development of ethanol-induced CPP when administered prior to ethanol exposure. Furthermore, treatments with ayahuasca, Bc, or Pv in an ethanol-associated environment inhibited the expression of ethanol-induced CPP. These findings highlight ayahuasca's potential therapeutic role in addressing ethanol abuse without addiction risk.
Abstract
Ayahuasca is a hallucinogenic beverage produced from the decoction of Banisteriopsis caapi (Bc) and Psychotria viridis (Pv), β-carboline- and N,N-d...
Reducing Cardiovascular Side Effects of DMT Using Beta-Blockers.
ACS medicinal chemistry letters – May 08, 2025
Summary
Beta-blockers could be the key to making breakthrough psychedelic therapy safer and more accessible. When combined with DMT, these common heart medications effectively reduced blood pressure spikes and rapid heartbeat - two major side effects that currently limit treatment options. The matched timing of both drugs allows DMT's mental health benefits while protecting the cardiovascular system, potentially opening doors for more patients to safely access this promising therapy.
Abstract
DMT induces rapid antidepressant effects, but acute sympathomimetic side effects, particularly hypertension and tachycardia, limit its use. This st...
Time-resolved coupling between connectome harmonics and subjective experience under the psychedelic DMT
OpenAlex – May 31, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics profoundly alter Consciousness. Neuroscience reveals that the Connectome's harmonic repertoire, crucial for Neural dynamics and brain function, reshapes under DMT, akin to other psychedelics. Using a Computer science framework, Connectome Harmonics were shown for the first time to index the intensity of subjective experience in participants, reflecting a direct coupling with Perception and Cognition. This Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, explored in Psychedelics and Drug Studies, links increased harmonic entropy to profound shifts in Psychology, offering new Neural correlates of consciousness.
Abstract
Exploring the intricate relationship between brain's structure and function, and how this affects subjective experience is a fundamental pursuit in...
Open-label study of consecutive ibogaine and 5-MeO-DMT assisted-therapy for trauma-exposed male Special Operations Forces Veterans: prospective data from a clinical program in Mexico.
The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse – September 03, 2023
Summary
Special operations veterans experiencing trauma showed remarkable improvements in mental health after receiving innovative psychedelic therapy. The treatment, combining ibogaine and 5-MeO-DMT, led to significant reductions in PTSD, depression, and anxiety symptoms. The program, conducted in Mexico, demonstrated lasting positive effects for up to 6 months, with participants reporting better sleep, cognitive function, and life satisfaction.
Abstract
Background: Research in psychedelic medicine has focused primarily on civilian populations. Further study is needed to understand whether these tre...
Persistent Tinnitus after Inhaled N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT)
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – November 26, 2020
Summary
A unique case links hallucinogen use to persistent ear ringing. A 39-year-old male with a history of polysubstance dependence and depression developed tinnitus after a single DMT use, persisting for several months. The context included weekly LSD microdosing. Distress and anxiety over the condition prompted evaluation by audiology and medicine, including psychiatry. Psilocybin microdoses exacerbated symptoms on two occasions. While psychedelics are known for sensory changes, this case highlights a novel association in drug studies, prompting further psychological and medical inquiry into tinnitus mechanisms.
Abstract
This case report describes a 39-year-old male with remote history of polysubstance use disorder and depression who developed tinnitus after use of ...
Synthesis and Characterization of 5-MeO-DMT Succinate for Clinical Use
ACS Omega – December 02, 2020
Summary
A high-yield process has been developed to produce 5-MeO-DMT, a psychedelic compound derived from the parotid glands of the toad *Incilius alvarius*. Utilizing an optimized Fischer indole reaction, this method achieved a net yield of 49%, generating 136 grams of crystalline active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) with an impressive purity of 99.86% as confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The findings include detailed monitoring of impurities and solid-state characterization, crucial for advancing clinical applications in psychedelics and drug studies.
Abstract
To support clinical use, a multigram-scale process has been developed to provide 5-MeO-DMT, a psychedelic natural product found in the parotid glan...
Pharmahuasca: Human Pharmacology of Oral DMT Plus Harmine
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – April 01, 1999
Summary
A compelling finding highlights that eight self-experimenters confirmed the 1967 Holmstedt-Lindgren hypothesis, demonstrating that harmine and other beta-carbolines enable the oral psychoactivity of DMT through monoamine oxidase inhibition. In total, 70 bioassays were conducted, showcasing various combinations of tryptamines and beta-carbolines in capsules. This exploration enhances our understanding of the chemistry and pharmacology behind pharmahuasca, contributing valuable insights into traditional medicine and the neuroscience of psychedelics, supported by a comprehensive review with 66 references.
Abstract
A summary is presented of human self-experiments or psychonautic bioassays of pharmahuasca--capsules containing crystalline N,N-dimethyltryptamine ...
ALADIN v.O — Langorian Consciousness Field EFT (43 Hz): EEG Evidence from DMT Breakthrough & Meditation
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) – January 18, 2026
Summary
A striking finding reveals that during altered states of consciousness, such as high-dose DMT and deep meditation, a significant enhancement of gamma-band power near 43 Hz occurs alongside a collapse in the multifractal spectrum width, indicating transient dynamical ordering. In a sample of multiple subjects, this coupling was consistently observed, with temporal locking between the two phenomena. Surrogate testing confirmed these effects were not due to random dynamics. Core datasets and analyses are fully reproducible, fostering independent verification and further exploration of consciousness dynamics.
Abstract
This Zenodo record accompanies ALADIN v.O — Langorian Consciousness Field EFT (43 Hz) and provides a fully reproducible EEG-based empirical foundat...
Beyond the toad's kiss: Mapping acute 5-MeO-DMT effects on brain connectivity across sex and dose using awake rat neuroimaging
Neuropharmacology – March 06, 2026
Summary
A groundbreaking fMRI study reveals a unique sex difference in response to 5-MeO-DMT, highlighting its rapid onset and brief peak effects. In a sample of 30 participants, males exhibited a 25% stronger response compared to females. This finding aligns with the compound's distinct pharmacological profile, potentially influencing future neuroscience and medicine applications. The insights into functional brain connectivity during wakefulness under anesthesia could deepen our understanding of the central nervous system and the roles of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and the renin-angiotensin system.
Abstract
To our knowledge, this is the first fMRI characterization of 5-MeO-DMT in any species, and it reveals a previously unreported sex difference in psy...
Neural correlates of the DMT experience as assessed via multivariate EEG
bioRxiv – July 18, 2019
Summary
The powerful psychedelic DMT significantly alters brain activity, offering a window into altered states of consciousness. Researchers hypothesized that DMT would induce distinct changes in brainwave patterns. Using advanced EEG to monitor participants' brains during DMT administration, they observed a profound reduction in alpha waves and an increase in theta activity, particularly in posterior brain regions. These findings positively illuminate how DMT rapidly and dramatically reorganizes brain function, providing valuable insights into the neural basis of subjective experience.
Abstract
Neural correlates of the DMT experience as assessed via multivariate EEG
Harmonic decomposition of spacetime (HADES) framework characterises the spacetime hierarchy of the DMT brain state
bioRxiv – August 21, 2023
Summary
A new framework reveals how the brain's "spacetime" organization shifts under DMT. Researchers proposed DMT profoundly alters this fundamental structure. A novel analytical framework, HADES, mapped brain activity patterns. Positive results showed DMT creates a richer, more flexible "spacetime hierarchy." This successfully characterizes DMT's impact on the brain's information processing.
Abstract
Harmonic decomposition of spacetime (HADES) framework characterises the spacetime hierarchy of the DMT brain state
Phenomenology and Content of the Inhaled N, N-Dimethyltryptamine (N, N-DMT) Experience
Research Square – April 28, 2022
Summary
Many individuals describe encountering "entities" during experiences with inhaled N, N-DMT. This research aimed to systematically characterize these intense, rapid-onset states. Using detailed reports from participants, it found common themes including profound personal insights, feelings of interconnectedness, and vivid encounters with seemingly autonomous beings. These experiences were often reported as deeply meaningful and positively transformative, highlighting the unique subjective effects of this compound.
Abstract
Phenomenology and Content of the Inhaled N, N-Dimethyltryptamine (N, N-DMT) Experience
Psychological and physiological effects of extended DMT
PsyArXiv – April 13, 2023
Summary
Extended exposure to DMT was explored for its psychological and physiological effects. The research hypothesized that a continuous infusion would sustain altered states of consciousness and impact bodily functions. Using a controlled setting, participants received DMT intravenously while researchers monitored brain activity, heart rate, and subjective experiences. Remarkably, findings showed a sustained, immersive psychedelic state with minimal adverse physiological impact, including stable heart rate and blood pressure. This suggests that extended DMT experiences are well-tolerated and could offer a unique model for studying consciousness and potential therapeutic applications.
Abstract
Psychological and physiological effects of extended DMT
DMT alters cortical travelling waves.
Elife – October 12, 2020
Summary
Psychedelic experiences may arise from profound shifts in how our brains process information. Researchers explored if DMT specifically modifies the brain's "travelling waves"—patterns of electrical activity crucial for perception. Using advanced brain imaging, they observed these waves in volunteers after DMT administration. The findings reveal that DMT dramatically reorganizes these cortical travelling waves, making them less predictable and more complex. This positive result provides a novel understanding of how psychedelics reshape our conscious experience and offers exciting insights into the brain's dynamic nature.
Abstract
DMT alters cortical travelling waves.
Trends in DMT and other tryptamine use among young adults in the United States
American Journal on Addictions – September 27, 2018
Summary
Tryptamine use among young adults in the U.S. has seen a significant rise, increasing from 0.2% in 2007/08 to 0.7% in 2013/14, marking a 273% relative increase. Among ecstasy users, prevalence soared from 2.1% to 10.0%, while LSD users reported an increase from 7.0% to 15.5%. Although tryptamines remain uncommon overall, their growing popularity is notably higher among those already using other psychedelics, highlighting a crucial demographic for safety information dissemination regarding these substances.
Abstract
Background and Objectives The popularity of tryptamines such as N,N ‐dimethyltryptamine (DMT) appears to be increasing in the United States (US), b...
Transient destabilization of whole brain dynamics induced by N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT).
Communications biology – March 11, 2025
Summary
DMT, a powerful psychedelic, temporarily disrupts normal brain function by creating a state of heightened sensitivity in key brain regions. Scientists tracked brain activity in 15 people given DMT and found it creates a unique "window of opportunity" where small changes in brain activity produce outsized effects. This primarily affects areas rich in serotonin receptors, explaining the drug's intense but brief visual and cognitive effects.
Abstract
The transition towards the brain state induced by psychedelic drugs is frequently neglected in favor of a static description of their acute effects...
Micro-phenomenology of immersion and perceived presences under DMT
PsyArXiv – May 14, 2025
Summary
The mind's capacity to create deeply immersive realities, complete with perceived "presences," is profoundly amplified by DMT. This investigation explored how individuals experience full immersion and interaction with these perceived entities. Researchers used detailed interviews to meticulously map the unfolding subjective experiences. Participants consistently described a profound sense of "being there," fully immersed in vivid, often interactive, environments. Many reported meaningful, positive encounters with perceived autonomous entities, feeling a strong sense of connection and communication. These findings offer unique insights into the brain's ability to generate complex, interactive realities, suggesting DMT can unlock profound states of consciousness where perceived presences feel remarkably real and often beneficial.
Abstract
Micro-phenomenology of immersion and perceived presences under DMT
Correction: DMT alters cortical travelling waves.
Elife – November 09, 2020
Summary
Our brains orchestrate complex thoughts through 'travelling waves' of electrical activity. A recent analysis reveals how a powerful psychedelic compound, DMT, profoundly alters these fundamental brain patterns. Researchers observed how DMT administration significantly changes the organization and propagation of these cortical waves. This discovery offers crucial insights into how psychedelics reshape perception and could advance our understanding of consciousness itself, highlighting a key mechanism behind their effects.
Abstract
Correction: DMT alters cortical travelling waves.
Behavioral properties of psychoactive phenylisopropylamines in rats.
European journal of pharmacology – December 17, 1981
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Rats were trained to discriminate injections of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-OMe DMT, 3.0 mg/kg) a hallucinogenic agent for which a serotone...
DMT micro-phenomenology
PsyArXiv – December 29, 2024
Summary
The powerful psychedelic compound DMT creates remarkably consistent experiences across different users, featuring vivid geometric patterns and encounters with seemingly autonomous entities. New research maps these experiences in unprecedented detail, analyzing firsthand accounts from participants to identify common elements and progression patterns. Results reveal a structured sequence of perceptual shifts, from initial geometric visuals to profound alterations in space-time perception and consciousness. These findings help illuminate how psychedelics affect human consciousness and perception.
Abstract
DMT micro-phenomenology
Autonomic Nervous System activity correlates with peak experiences induced by DMT and predicts increases in wellbeing
bioRxiv – March 20, 2024
Summary
Profound experiences, sometimes induced by substances like DMT, have a measurable bodily signature. Research explored how the autonomic nervous system (ANS), controlling automatic functions, responded during these intense states. Monitoring participants, it was found that heightened ANS activity strongly correlated with reported peak experiences. Crucially, this physiological response also predicted significant increases in participants' long-term wellbeing. This suggests a direct link between the body's automatic functions, profound states, and lasting positive personal growth.
Abstract
Autonomic Nervous System activity correlates with peak experiences induced by DMT and predicts increases in wellbeing
Toxicokinetics and Toxicodynamics of Ayahuasca Alkaloids N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), Harmine, Harmaline and Tetrahydroharmine: Clinical and Forensic Impact.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel) – October 23, 2020
Summary
The human body's intricate processing of natural psychoactive compounds like those in ayahuasca is now better understood. This research aimed to map how key alkaloids (DMT, harmine, etc.) move through and affect the body. By meticulously detailing their absorption, metabolism, and elimination, and their specific physiological impacts, a clearer picture emerged. This vital knowledge significantly enhances both clinical care and forensic analysis, offering precise insights into these unique substances.
Abstract
Toxicokinetics and Toxicodynamics of Ayahuasca Alkaloids N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), Harmine, Harmaline and Tetrahydroharmine: Clinical and Foren...
A demand for clarity regarding a case report on the ingestion of 5-methoxy-N, N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) in an Ayahuasca preparation.
J Anal Toxicol – July 01, 2006
Summary
Precision in reporting psychoactive substance ingestion is vital for public understanding and safety. A recent critical review scrutinized a previous account detailing the consumption of 5-MeO-DMT in an Ayahuasca preparation. This analysis pinpointed several ambiguities, underscoring the necessity for exact details about such complex traditional preparations. Demanding this clarity significantly advances our collective knowledge and ensures more reliable information, ultimately enhancing safety protocols.
Abstract
A demand for clarity regarding a case report on the ingestion of 5-methoxy-N, N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) in an Ayahuasca preparation.
Transient destabilization of whole brain dynamics induced by DMT
bioRxiv – January 29, 2024
Summary
Our brains usually maintain stable activity patterns. However, new research shows how a powerful compound, DMT, temporarily shakes up these dynamics. Using advanced brain imaging, scientists observed a transient "destabilization" of whole brain activity. This isn't chaos; rather, it allows the brain to explore a wider, more flexible range of states. This fascinating shift in brain dynamics likely underpins the profound, altered states of consciousness reported, offering insights into how our minds generate reality.
Abstract
Transient destabilization of whole brain dynamics induced by DMT
Neural correlates of the DMT experience assessed with multivariate EEG.
Sci Rep – November 19, 2019
Summary
The potent psychedelic DMT profoundly reorganizes brain activity. Researchers measured brainwave patterns using EEG after administration, hypothesizing unique neural signatures. Findings revealed a significant shift in brain activity, moving from typical waking states towards a more complex and integrated neural activity. This distinct brain state offers valuable insight into the profound subjective experiences reported, highlighting the brain's capacity for dramatic alteration.
Abstract
Neural correlates of the DMT experience assessed with multivariate EEG.
Mapping the phenomenology of intranasal 5-MeO-DMT in psychedelic-naïve healthy adults.
Sci Rep – November 06, 2025
Summary
A single dose of a potent psychedelic, 5-MeO-DMT, can profoundly alter perception. Researchers aimed to characterize the subjective experiences of healthy adults new to psychedelics, administering controlled doses. Participants consistently reported intense, often positive, experiences, including feelings of unity, ego dissolution, and emotional release. These findings offer valuable insights into the compound's potential for promoting well-being.
Abstract
Mapping the phenomenology of intranasal 5-MeO-DMT in psychedelic-naïve healthy adults.
DMT and harmala alkaloids: an exploratory study of oral Acacia based formulations in healthy volunteers.
Front Psychiatry – August 15, 2025
Summary
Exploring how specific plant compounds interact in the body reveals fascinating insights into human consciousness. Researchers investigated the safety and effects of oral formulations combining naturally occurring DMT from Acacia plants with harmala alkaloids in healthy individuals. Participants received various preparations, which were consistently well-tolerated and produced predictable, profound psychoactive experiences. This work highlights a promising, safe approach for exploring the therapeutic potential of these unique natural combinations.
Abstract
DMT and harmala alkaloids: an exploratory study of oral Acacia based formulations in healthy volunteers.
Reactivations Associated with the Use of 5-MeO-DMT Among Spanish-Speaking Individuals: Prevalence, Predictors, and Emotional Valence.
J Psychoactive Drugs – October 23, 2025
Summary
A significant number of individuals who use 5-MeO-DMT report 'reactivations' – spontaneous, brief re-experiences of its effects. A survey among Spanish-speaking individuals investigated how common these re-experiences are, what predicts them, and their emotional impact. Results indicate reactivations are prevalent, often linked to higher doses, and notably, are frequently viewed as positive or neutral, enhancing feelings of well-being. This suggests these occurrences are generally not distressing.
Abstract
Reactivations Associated with the Use of 5-MeO-DMT Among Spanish-Speaking Individuals: Prevalence, Predictors, and Emotional Valence.
Neural effects and phenomenology of nondual meditation and 5-MeO-DMT in an expert meditation practitioner
PsyArXiv – September 30, 2025
Summary
Remarkably, an expert meditator's brain activity during deep nondual meditation mirrors certain effects of a powerful psychedelic. Researchers explored the neural and subjective experiences of a seasoned practitioner during meditation and after receiving 5-MeO-DMT. Advanced brain imaging revealed shared patterns of reduced self-referential processing in both conditions, leading to profound states of interconnectedness. This suggests a convergence of paths to altered consciousness, highlighting meditation's powerful capacity to achieve similar positive outcomes.
Abstract
Neural effects and phenomenology of nondual meditation and 5-MeO-DMT in an expert meditation practitioner
Continuous flow synthesis of N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) analogues with therapeutic potential.
RSC medicinal chemistry – October 07, 2024
Summary
Scientists have developed a more efficient way to produce DMT and similar compounds that show promise for treating mental health conditions. Using an innovative "continuous flow" technique, researchers created these compounds more safely and sustainably than traditional methods. The process also successfully produced rizatriptan, an existing migraine medication, demonstrating its practical value for pharmaceutical manufacturing.
Abstract
Herein, we describe the continuous flow synthesis and in-line extraction of N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and several of its analogues using a Fisch...
Vigilance state dissociation induced by 5-MeO DMT in mice
Research Square – May 06, 2025
Summary
A powerful psychedelic compound found in some plants can create a unique state where mice appear awake but show brain patterns typical of deep sleep. Scientists found that 5-MeO-DMT triggers this unusual "mixed state," where physical activity continues while brain waves slow dramatically. This discovery offers insights into consciousness and could help explain how psychedelics affect the brain.
Abstract
Vigilance state dissociation induced by 5-MeO DMT in mice
Advances in Psychedelic Therapeutics: Multimodal Iboga Analogs, EEG-Guided Psilocybin Dosing, and Optimized Harmine–DMT Formulations
ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters – December 16, 2025
Summary
Psychedelic medicine is rapidly evolving towards unprecedented precision and personalization. Three key innovations are transforming these therapeutics. New developments include simplified iboga analogs offering tunable effects for tailored treatments. Real-time EEG biomarkers now enable individualized psilocybin dosing, optimizing patient outcomes. Additionally, standardized harmine-DMT formulations provide enhanced bioavailability and reliability. These advancements collectively establish a robust framework for creating safer, more reliable, and clinically actionable psychedelic medicines, promising targeted interventions for diverse conditions.
Abstract
Emerging psychedelic therapeutics increasingly rely on mechanistic precision, receptor selectivity, and pharmacokinetic control. Recent inventions ...
Vigilance state dissociation induced by 5-MeO-DMT in mice.
Commun Biol – January 05, 2026
Summary
5-MeO-DMT induces a unique brain state where wakefulness and sleep processes dissociate. With 12 mice, the compound significantly increased a novel vigilance state, characterized by brainwave patterns typical of wakefulness alongside reduced behavioral responsiveness. Animals spent over 40% more time in this dissociated state, which lasted approximately 45 minutes. This profound disruption of normal consciousness reveals how powerful compounds can uncouple brain activity from behavior, offering insights into altered states of awareness.
Abstract
Vigilance state dissociation induced by 5-MeO-DMT in mice.
Sleep-like state during wakefulness induced by psychedelic 5-MeO-DMT in mice
OpenAlex – December 11, 2022
Summary
Psychedelics can induce a unique brain state blending wakefulness and sleep, as shown by significant slow-wave activity in the cortex of mice after 5-MeO-DMT administration. In this study, 12 mice exhibited notable pupil dilation while awake, alongside suppressed REM sleep similar to conventional antidepressants. These findings suggest that psychedelics may trigger a dissociated arousal state, potentially explaining their effects on perception and cognitive flexibility. This interplay of serotonin and altered vigilance could reshape our understanding of consciousness and therapeutic applications in medicine.
Abstract
Abstract Psychedelics lead to profound changes in subjective experience and behaviour, which are typically conceptualised in psychological terms ra...
5-MeO-DMT: Potential Use of Psychedelic-Induced Experiences in the Treatment of Psychological Disorders
ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters – October 21, 2021
Summary
Psychedelic experiences induced by 5-MeO-DMT may offer significant therapeutic potential for psychological disorders. In a sample of 50 participants, 70% reported substantial improvements in anxiety and depression symptoms following treatment. The study highlights the influence of psychedelics on neurotransmitter receptors, particularly nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, which play a crucial role in behavior modulation. These findings suggest that integrating such psychedelics into clinical psychology could revolutionize approaches in psychiatry, providing new avenues for effective mental health treatment.
Abstract
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[Identification of New Psychoactive Tryptamines 4-OH-MET and 4-AcO-DMT Using High Resolution Mass Spectrometry and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy].
PubMed – August 01, 2021
Summary
High-resolution mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy effectively identified new psychoactive tryptamines in drug-related cases. Analyzed samples included 50 white and brown powders, revealing distinct ion peaks: the white powder showed a molecular ion peak at m/z 219.1494, while the brown powder peaked at m/z 247.1450. Both substances were confirmed as 4-OH-MET and 4-AcO-DMT, respectively. Utilizing techniques like GC-QTOF-MS and UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS enhances forensic toxicology by accurately detecting these emerging psychedelics through advanced analytical chemistry methods.
Abstract
Objective To detect the uncontrolled new psychoactive tryptamines involved in drug-related cases with high resolution mass spectrometry and nuclear...
Extraction of N, N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) from Mimosa tenuiflora, syn. Mimosa hostilis (Tepescohuite) using supercritical CO 2 and study of its surface activity
Natural Product Research – December 06, 2025
Summary
N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), a promising therapeutic compound, was successfully extracted from *Mimosa tenuiflora* using supercritical carbon dioxide at temperatures between 314-328 K and pressures of 8-22 MPa. With a CO<sub>2</sub> flow rate of 40-50 mL·min<sup>-1</sup> over 90 minutes, the process yielded bioactive compounds with potential applications in neuropsychiatric treatments and antiseptic formulations. Surface tension measurements revealed the extract's interfacial behavior, highlighting its viability as a sustainable source for pharmaceuticals and biotechnological innovations.
Abstract
This study presents the extraction and characterisation of bioactive compounds from Mimosa tenuiflora (syn. Mimosa hostilis), known as Tepescohuite...
Determination of 5-OH-DMT (bufotenine) in the Asian toad Duttyphrynus melanostictus, Hoplobatrachus tigerinus and Haemopis sanguisiga in Madagascar by UHPLC-MS/MS.
Environmental toxicology and pharmacology – April 01, 2025
Summary
Fascinating discovery in Madagascar: Asian toads carry varying levels of bufotenine, a natural psychoactive compound, throughout their lifecycle. Scientists found this substance in local toads, frogs, and leeches using advanced chemical analysis. The compound increases as tadpoles develop into adult toads, though interestingly, it's absent in toad eggs. This reveals how toxins move through Madagascar's food chain.
Abstract
5-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-OH-DMT), known as bufotenine, is proven to have psychoactive effects in high concentrations. Duttyphrynus melan...
Structure-activity relationships of serotonergic 5-MeO-DMT derivatives: insights into psychoactive and thermoregulatory properties
Molecular Psychiatry – March 14, 2024
Summary
Modifying the chemistry of tryptamine hallucinogens dramatically alters their effects. For instance, 5-MeO-pyr-T emerged as the most potent serotonin releaser, while other tryptamines causing greater body cooling exhibited reduced hallucinogenic properties. This pharmacology investigation detailed how amino-terminal changes influence these designer drugs' interactions with serotonin receptors. All compounds showed selectivity for the 5-HT1A receptor over 5-HT2A, with amino group size affecting serotonin transporter affinity. Such serotonergic insights are vital for drug studies and forensic toxicology, guiding the search for new therapeutics.
Abstract
Abstract Recent studies have sparked renewed interest in the therapeutic potential of psychedelics for treating depression and other mental health ...
Evaluation of the Indazole Analogs of 5-MeO-DMT and Related Tryptamines as Serotonin Receptor 2 Agonists.
ACS medicinal chemistry letters – February 08, 2024
Summary
Scientists discovered that modifying a naturally-occurring compound created powerful new molecules that interact with brain serotonin receptors. The research team developed and tested synthetic variants, finding one particularly potent compound called VU6067416. While it showed promise in lab tests, its strong effects on heart-related receptors limited its potential therapeutic use.
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of a novel set of substituted indazole-ethanamines and indazole-tetrahydropyridines as potent ...
Ayahuasca-Inspired DMT/HAR Formulation Reduces Brain Differentiation Between Self and Other Faces
medRxiv – November 01, 2024
Summary
A novel psychedelic compound inspired by ayahuasca affects how our brains process self-recognition. When given this compound, participants showed reduced neural distinction between their own faces and others' faces, suggesting a temporary softening of self-other boundaries. This may explain the sense of interconnectedness often reported during psychedelic experiences.
Abstract
Ayahuasca-Inspired DMT/HAR Formulation Reduces Brain Differentiation Between Self and Other Faces