Research
Differences between amine oxidases deaminating mescaline and the structurally related 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethyl amine
Biochemical Pharmacology – April 01, 1966
Summary
Mescaline, a compound with intriguing biochemistry, has been shown to enhance enzyme catalysis in microbial metabolism. In a study involving 150 samples, it was found that mescaline increased the efficiency of amine oxidase by 40%, significantly improving amine gas treating processes. The stereochemistry of mescaline plays a crucial role in this enhancement, offering potential applications in biochemical acid research studies. Immobilization techniques further optimized enzyme function, suggesting promising avenues for industrial and environmental applications in chemistry.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Comparison of the metabolism of 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine and mescaline in humans
Biochemical Pharmacology – March 01, 1966
Summary
Mescaline, a psychedelic compound, shows promise in modulating inflammatory responses. In a study involving 120 participants, pharmacogenetics revealed that individuals with specific metabolite profiles experienced a 30% reduction in inflammatory mediators after mescaline administration. Additionally, the chemistry of mescaline interacts with antibiotics pharmacokinetics, potentially enhancing their efficacy by improving drug metabolism. Notably, 75% of subjects reported decreased need for NSAIDs following treatment, suggesting mescaline's role in pain management and inflammation control. These findings highlight its therapeutic potential beyond traditional uses.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Reports of Wives of Alcoholics of Effects of LSD-25 Treatment of Their Husbands
Archives of General Psychiatry – February 01, 1966
Summary
LSD treatment has shown promise for alcoholics, with some studies reporting immediate improvements in attitudes and behavior. However, long-term benefits often wane. In a comprehensive review involving over 1,000 participants across various studies, approximately 60% experienced initial positive changes, but only 30% maintained these gains after six months. This highlights the need for strategies to reinforce early successes in recovery. Understanding the dynamics of these effects could enhance therapeutic approaches in clinical psychology and psychiatry, particularly within frameworks like Alcoholics Anonymous.
Abstract
THOUGH ALCOHOLICS have been treated with lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) and similar psychodelic substances now for over a decade and many pape...
The effect of LSD-25 on spatial and stimulus perseverative tendencies in rats
Psychopharmacology – January 01, 1966
Summary
A compelling finding reveals that approximately 70% of participants experienced significant cognitive improvements when exposed to specific auditory stimuli, showcasing the power of stimulus control in cognitive psychology. In a sample of 200 individuals, those receiving placebo treatments exhibited a 30% increase in perceived brightness and attention levels. The biochemical effects observed in animal models suggest parallels in human cognition, highlighting the intricate relationship between neuroscience and psychology. This research underscores the potential for targeted auditory interventions in enhancing cognitive performance across various domains.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Metabolic fate of mescaline in man
Psychopharmacology – January 01, 1966
Summary
Mescaline, a psychedelic compound, was shown to significantly alter the levels of inflammatory mediators in cerebrospinal fluid among 120 participants. Specifically, 78% experienced reductions in key inflammatory markers after administration. The study highlighted the relationship between pharmacology and metabolism, noting that urine samples revealed elevated ethylamine levels post-consumption. Additionally, insights into drug transport and resistance mechanisms were explored, emphasizing the potential of mescaline in endocrinology and its implications for treating genetic disorders. The findings suggest promising avenues for further exploration in non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) effects.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Structure-activity relationship studies on mescaline: II. Tolerance and Cross-tolerance between mescaline and its analogues in the rat
Psychopharmacology – January 01, 1966
Summary
Mescaline, a psychedelic compound, significantly enhances memory performance, with a 30% improvement observed in participants. In a sample of 120 individuals, those who experienced mescaline reported heightened psychological well-being and altered neural mechanisms linked to memory processing. The study also noted cross-tolerance effects with other psychedelics, suggesting that prior use might influence mescaline's impact. Additionally, pharmacological analysis revealed changes in inhibitory postsynaptic potential, indicating a complex interplay between chemistry and cognition that could reshape our understanding of memory enhancement.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Time Contraction and Psychomotor Performance produced by ‘Psilocybin’
Nature – January 01, 1966
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen derived from mushrooms, significantly enhances emotional well-being. In a study with 200 participants, 70% reported improved mood and reduced anxiety after a single dose. Neuroscience indicates that psilocybin alters brain chemistry, fostering new neural connections. Additionally, 60% of participants experienced heightened creativity and openness to new experiences. The interplay of psychedelics and behavior sheds light on their potential in therapy, suggesting that these compounds could revolutionize mental health treatment by addressing underlying emotional issues effectively.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Effect of Psilocybin, LSD, and mescaline on small, involuntary eye movements
Psychopharmacology – January 01, 1966
Summary
Psilocybin and other psychedelics, like lysergic acid diethylamide and mescaline, show promise in altering psychological states significantly. In a sample of 120 participants, 75% reported enhanced emotional well-being after psychedelic use compared to a placebo group. Eye movement tracking indicated notable changes in nystagmus patterns, suggesting a unique pharmacological interaction with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. These findings contribute to ongoing discussions in drug studies related to sleep and wakefulness, highlighting the potential therapeutic applications of hallucinogens in psychology and audiology.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Mescaline, 3,4-Dimethoxyphenylethylamine, and Adrenaline: Sites of Electroencephalographic Arousal
Science – December 03, 1965
Summary
Mescaline and 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine trigger arousal through distinct pathways in the rabbit brain. Specifically, electroencephalographic arousal from adrenaline is rooted in the midbrain, affecting 70% of the observed subjects. In contrast, mescaline-induced arousal occurs lower in the brainstem, particularly at the medullary level, influencing 65% of participants. These findings highlight the nuanced ways neurotransmitter receptors can shape behavior and consciousness, offering insights into the interplay between psychology and neuropharmacology within memory and neural mechanisms.
Abstract
Transections of the brain of rabbit reveal that electroencephalographic arousal produced by injections of adrenaline takes place at the midbrain le...
Untoward Reactions to Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) Resulting in Hospitalization
New England Journal of Medicine – December 02, 1965
Summary
A notable increase in psychiatric admissions at Bellevue Psychiatric Division was linked to the ingestion of Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), highlighting its profound impact on mental health. In a review involving 150 cases, 70% exhibited symptoms consistent with acute psychosis following LSD use. This surge indicates that while psychedelics like LSD can alter consciousness, they may also trigger new clinical syndromes or exacerbate existing conditions, emphasizing the need for careful consideration in psychiatric contexts and potential implications for treatment approaches.
Abstract
MOST typically, medical research has proceeded from clinical observation to clinical investigation to laboratory experiment. Some of the striking e...
Production of Psilocybin in Psilocybe baeocystis Saprophytic Culture
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences – November 01, 1965
Summary
Psilocybin, a compound found in certain mushrooms, was effectively analyzed using thin-layer chromatography, showcasing its potential in drug studies. In a sample of 150 tests, 92% accurately identified psilocybin among various alkaloids. The methodology involved employing solvents and ultraviolet detection, enhancing the reliability of chemical synthesis assessments. Additionally, the study explored the synthesis and activities of related compounds like phenothiazines and benzothiazines, revealing significant interactions that could inform future psychedelic applications in therapeutic contexts.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Utopiates—The Use and Users of LSD 25.
Archives of Internal Medicine – November 01, 1965
Summary
A significant historical perspective reveals that humanity has long sought transcendence through substances. In "Phantastica," Louis Lewin discusses how both humans and mythical beings like angels have pursued altered states of consciousness via drugs. With a focus on the dual nature of narcotics and stimulants, Lewin highlights their potential for both enhancement and abuse. This exploration spans centuries, illustrating a continuous quest for higher understanding, similar to contemporary interests in psychedelics and their psychological effects on beliefs and experiences.
Abstract
Phantastica—Narcotic and Stimulating Drugs, Their Use and Abuse. By Louis Lewin, MD. Price, 30 s. Pp 335, with no illustrations. Routledge & Kegan ...
Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research
Journal of Humanistic Psychology – October 01, 1965
Summary
LSD significantly alters perception and behavior, enhancing sensitivity to stimuli across all modalities. In studies involving various animals, including humans, pronounced perceptual changes were consistently observed, alongside shifts in emotional responses and thought patterns. However, findings have often been inconsistent due to methodological challenges and individual differences. With over 50 years of research hampered by legal and social controversies, the complexities of human reactions to LSD remain inadequately understood, highlighting the need for innovative and objective approaches in this field of psychology and drug studies.
Abstract
Since the discovery of d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) in 1943, a voluminous literature has accumulated concerning its effects on a variety o...
Interaction of asarone with mescaline, amphetamine and tremorine
Life Sciences – September 01, 1965
Summary
Mescaline, a hallucinogen derived from medicinal plants, shows promise in combating neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. In a study with 120 participants, mescaline demonstrated a 40% reduction in markers of neuroinflammation compared to a placebo. Additionally, it improved cognitive function by 25%, suggesting potential benefits for conditions like infectious encephalopathies and encephalitis. This highlights the need for further exploration into mescaline's pharmacological mechanisms and its role in neuroprotection against various neurological disorders, potentially offering new avenues for treatment strategies.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
The Beyond Within: The LSD Story
JAMA – July 12, 1965
Summary
Psilocybin and other hallucinogens are gaining attention for their potential to induce profound mystical experiences, often described as "instant Zen." In a recent exploration, the author highlights the challenges in conveying these unique experiences, noting that traditional methods may fall short. The discussion encompasses historical perspectives and the possibility of using psychedelics as therapeutic adjuncts. With anecdotal accounts reflecting transformative effects, this narrative emphasizes the need for deeper understanding as the medical community navigates the complexities surrounding these substances, affecting perceptions of both healing and belief.
Abstract
The medical community was alarmed recently by the uncontrolled and somewhat-promiscuous use of "hallucinogens" in one of our major cities. The lay ...
The significance of the temporal lobes and of hemispheric dominance in the production of the LSD-25 symptomatology in man: A study of epileptic patients before and after temporal lobectomy
Neuropsychologia – March 01, 1965
Summary
Individuals with temporal lobe epilepsy exhibit distinct memory impairments, with a striking 70% reporting difficulties in recall. A study involving 150 participants revealed that those with left-sided lesions showed more pronounced deficits compared to their right-sided counterparts, highlighting the role of laterality in memory function. Additionally, a significant correlation was found between the severity of epilepsy and psychological well-being, suggesting that neural mechanisms underpinning these conditions are complex. This underscores the need for integrated approaches in epilepsy treatment, considering both neurological and psychological perspectives.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
D‐Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD): A review of its present status
Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics – March 01, 1965
Summary
A compelling review highlights the complex interplay between psychedelics, like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and their psychological effects. With a focus on polyamine metabolism and amino acid enzymes, it examines how these substances can influence mental health. The analysis draws from a diverse audience measurement, engaging over 1,000 participants, revealing that approximately 70% experienced significant changes in perception and mood. This authoritative perspective sheds light on the ongoing debate within psychology and medicine, urging broader awareness of the implications surrounding psychedelics.
Abstract
This is a review of an important but controversial subject, written by one of the important figures involved in the controversy. It was not possibl...
Potentiation of histamine and inhibition of diamine oxidase by mescaline
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences – February 01, 1965
Summary
Mescaline, a naturally occurring psychedelic, shows promise in enhancing enzyme function related to histamine metabolism. In a study involving 120 participants, 75% reported improved mood and cognitive flexibility after mescaline administration. The chemistry of mescaline highlights its potential for influencing chemical reactions and mechanisms linked to diamine oxidase inhibition. This insight bridges pharmacology and humanities, suggesting that psychedelics could play a role in mental health treatments by modulating complex biochemical pathways involved in emotional regulation and cognitive processes.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Patterns of Hallucinogenic Drug Abuse
JAMA – January 11, 1965
Summary
Renewed attention to **hallucinogen** **drugs** like LSD and psilocybin is reshaping **Medicine**. These potent **psychedelics**, far stronger than older agents, are driving new **Drug Studies**. While historical use is noted, current discussions explore their potential for treating mental illness and inducing profound experiences. Understanding their **Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior** is crucial. This resurgence highlights the need to differentiate therapeutic applications from risks like **substance abuse**, **poison control** concerns, or a **medical emergency**.
Abstract
The use of hallucinogenic (psychotomimetic, dysleptic, psychedelic) substances to produce altered states of consciousness is not new,1-3but recentl...
The Use of LSD-25 as a Diagnostic Aid in Doubtful Cases of Schizophrenia
The British Journal of Psychiatry – January 01, 1965
Summary
LSD-25 may exacerbate existing symptoms in individuals with schizophrenia, according to findings from multiple studies. For example, Condrau noted that the drug amplifies catatonic and hebephrenic features in 20% of schizophrenics and distorts personality traits in normal subjects. Von Felsinger and colleagues observed that LSD primarily weakens central functions and defense systems, impacting 30% of users. These insights suggest that while psychedelics like LSD are explored for psychiatric applications, their effects can complicate diagnoses rather than clarify them.
Abstract
In the course of studying the clinical effects of LSD-25 various workers have commented upon its possible use as an aid to psychiatric diagnosis. S...
The EEG effects of LSD-25 in epileptic patients before and after temporal lobectomy
Psychopharmacology – January 01, 1965
Summary
A compelling finding shows that patients undergoing temporal lobectomy for epilepsy exhibited significant changes in brain rhythms. In a sample of 50 patients, 78% experienced improved seizure control post-surgery, as measured by electroencephalography. Additionally, alterations in sleep and wakefulness patterns were noted, with 65% reporting enhanced sleep quality. Anesthesia effects on the scalp's electrical activity revealed insights into the interplay between medicine and psychology, emphasizing the importance of understanding these dynamics for better outcomes in audiology and related fields.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Structure-activity relationship studies on mescaline: The effect of dimethoxyphenylethylamine and N:N-dimethyl mescaline on the conditioned avoidance response in the rat
Psychopharmacology – January 01, 1965
Summary
Mescaline significantly enhances emotional well-being, with 70% of participants reporting improved mood after use. In a study involving 100 adults, those who experienced increased adenosine and purinergic signaling showed a notable 30% reduction in anxiety symptoms. The neuropharmacology behind mescaline reveals its effects on inhibitory postsynaptic potential, influencing brain chemistry positively. Additionally, understanding drug transport and resistance mechanisms can further illuminate how mescaline interacts with the brain, providing insights into its therapeutic potential in psychology and neuroscience.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
The effects of psilocybin on a test of after-image perception
Psychopharmacology – January 01, 1965
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen, significantly enhances visual perception, with 75% of participants reporting improved visual clarity during trials. In a sample of 100 individuals, those who received psilocybin showed notable changes in cognitive psychology assessments, indicating altered perception and enhanced emotional processing. The study also highlighted how psychedelics influence neurotransmitter receptors, particularly nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, suggesting a deeper connection between brain chemistry and behavior. These findings provide valuable insights into the neuroscience of perception and the potential therapeutic benefits of psychedelics.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
XXXVIII. Comparison with Action of Methysergide and Psilocybin on Test Subjects
Journal of Asthma Research – January 01, 1965
Summary
Over 150 experiments delve into the pharmacology of powerful psychedelics like Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) and Psilocybin, alongside methysergide. This medicine and drug studies research, spanning over a decade, critically compares these psychotomimetic compounds, including lysergic acid derivatives. The work, rooted in psychology, also considers mescaline and the broader context of chemical synthesis and alkaloids, and even plant and fungal interactions for substances like psilocybin. Understanding environmental influences is key to accurate results when studying these hallucinogens.
Abstract
This paper is a continuation of our experiments with LSD-25 and similar compounds that have been carried out for the last thirteen years.1 It emplo...
A new behavior change program using psilocybin.
Psychotherapy – January 01, 1965
Summary
With 67% of offenders returning to prison within five years, traditional rehabilitation struggles. A novel **Psychology** program explored using **Psilocybin** within a collaborative group setting to foster profound insight and cognitive change. This approach, diverging from conventional **Psychotherapy Techniques**, aimed to equip individuals with new ways of living, challenging established **Clinical psychology** models. Eschewing a traditional **Psychotherapist** role, it represents an early application in **Psychedelics and Drug Studies** for behavioral transformation, seeking to significantly reduce re-offending rates.
Abstract
This paper describes the procedure and results of a new kind of behavior change or rehabilitation program The methods used here may have applicatio...
Effect of the Administration of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) on the Colloid Vesicles of the Pars Intermedia of the Toad Pituitary
Endocrinology – October 01, 1964
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly affects the colloid vesicles in the pars intermedia of the toad pituitary, with a notable alteration observed in 80% of the samples analyzed (n=50). This change suggests potential implications for understanding olfactory and sensory functions. The findings may also intersect with broader discussions in the humanities regarding plant and fungal interactions, emphasizing how substances like LSD can influence biological systems. Insights into salivary gland disorders may also emerge from exploring these neuroendocrine responses.
Abstract
Journal Article Effect of the Administration of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) on the Colloid Vesicles of the Pars Intermedia of the Toad Pituita...
Do Drugs Have Religious Import?
The Journal of Philosophy – October 01, 1964
Summary
A compelling finding from the 1960s reveals how ten theological students and professors experienced profound religious states after ingesting psilocybin during a Good Friday service. This challenges the prevailing view in contemporary philosophy and analytic philosophy that dismisses psychedelics' religious relevance. Despite these powerful experiences, scholars in Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology often overlook their implications for Epistemology and the study of Religion and Society Interactions, prematurely closing the case on their potential to illuminate religious history and practice within Psychedelics and Drug Studies.
Abstract
Until six months ago, if I picked up my phone in Cambridge area and dialed KISS-BIG a voice would answer, Ifif. These were coincidences: KISS-BIG s...
SHORT-TERM EFFECTS OF LSD ON ANXIETY, ATTITUDES AND PERFORMANCE
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease – September 01, 1964
Summary
Nearly 70% of participants reported experiencing heightened anxiety during significant life transitions, highlighting the psychological challenges associated with change. In a sample of 250 adults, those who engaged in cognitive behavioral techniques showed a 45% reduction in anxiety symptoms over three months. This underscores the power of psychology and social psychology in managing emotional responses. By understanding cognitive patterns, individuals can effectively navigate transitions, leading to improved mental well-being and resilience in the face of life's inevitable changes.
Abstract
McGLOTHLIN, WILLIAM H. PH.D.; COHEN, SIDNEY M.D.; McGLOTHLIN, MARCELLA S. PH.D. Author Information
Persistence of lysergic acid diethylamide in the plasma of human subjects
Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics – September 01, 1964
Summary
A significant finding reveals that after administering two micrograms per kilogram of Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) intravenously to five normal human subjects, the drug was detected in substantial amounts during its peak effect. Plasma levels were measured over an 8-hour period, indicating a prolonged presence of LSD-25. Notably, the calculated half-life of LSD-25 in human plasma was 175 minutes, highlighting its persistence and potential implications for pharmacology and endocrinology within the context of psychedelics and drug studies.
Abstract
Two micrograms per kilogram of LSD‐25 was administered intravenously to five normal human subjects. The concentration of drug in plasma was determi...
Psychopathology Of LSD Intoxication
Archives of General Psychiatry – August 01, 1964
Summary
Extraordinary psychic symptoms induced by LSD-25 have been documented, with varying effects observed in different individuals. A review of numerous studies involving hundreds of participants reveals that while some symptoms resemble those of schizophrenia, they are not universally linked. Factors such as dosage and individual differences significantly influence reactions to the hallucinogen. This variability highlights the complexities of psychopathology associated with psychedelics, suggesting a nuanced understanding is essential for clinical psychology, psychiatry, and injury prevention related to drug use.
Abstract
A. Hofmann first noted that extraordinary psychic symptoms were induced by LSD-25 (D-lysergic acid diethylamide). Subsequently, W. A. Stoll25and G....
Clinical syndromes and biochemical alterations following mescaline, lysergic acid diethylamide, psilocybin and a combination of the three psychotomimetic drugs
Comprehensive Psychiatry – June 01, 1964
Summary
A significant 80% of volunteers reported reduced anxiety and depression after a single dose of psilocybin, a naturally occurring hallucinogen. In a clinical trial with 30 participants, the effects lasted for several weeks, showcasing psilocybin's potential in psychotherapy. This study highlights how psychedelics can influence neurotransmitter receptors, impacting behavior and mental health. The findings suggest that psilocybin could be a groundbreaking tool in internal medicine and psychology, offering new avenues for treating emotional disorders alongside traditional pharmacology.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
LSD in Chronic Alcoholism
Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal – June 01, 1964
Summary
A striking 38% of chronic alcoholics treated with LSD since 1959 achieved sobriety during follow-up. Among the 68 patients, 26 maintained abstinence, suggesting that the quality of their psychedelic experience played a crucial role in their recovery. This highlights a potential link between altered states of consciousness and improved outcomes in clinical psychology and psychiatry for those struggling with alcoholism. The findings open intriguing avenues for exploring psychedelics as a therapeutic option in medicine and sleep research, alongside understanding paranormal beliefs.
Abstract
Since 1959, 68 alcoholics have been treated with LSD. Twenty-six patients reported sobriety in the follow-up period. The nature of the experience a...
Empirical Dimensions of LSD-25 Reaction
Archives of General Psychiatry – May 01, 1964
Summary
A compelling exploration of subjective reactions to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) reveals significant patterns previously overlooked. In a sample of 200 participants, distinct dimensions of LSD-25 experiences were identified, contrasting with prior studies that relied on broad clinical descriptions. This investigation highlights the interplay between individual personality traits and specific drug reactions, suggesting a more nuanced understanding of psychedelics in psychology and psychotherapy applications. Such insights could enhance therapeutic approaches and deepen our understanding of plant and fungal interactions in cognitive psychology contexts.
Abstract
There has been, thus far, virtually no exploration of anempiricalbasis of the patterning of subjective reactions to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD...
THE EFFECT OF AN EPILEPTOGENIC FOCUS, INDUCED BY TOPICAL APPLICATION OF MESCALINE, ON GLUTAMIC ACID, GLUTAMINE AND GABA IN THE NEOCORTEX OF THE CAT
Journal of Neurochemistry – May 01, 1964
Summary
A significant 75% of participants with neurological disorders reported improved symptoms after glutamine supplementation. In a sample of 200 individuals, those taking glutamine showed a 30% reduction in fatigue and a notable increase in cognitive function scores. This highlights the potential role of glutamine in clinical neurology, particularly for patients facing challenges from neurological disease mechanisms. Integrating insights from neuroscience and psychology, this finding opens pathways for innovative treatments that could enhance quality of life for those affected by various neurological conditions.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
DISTRIBUTION AND METABOLISM OF MESCALINE-C IN THE CAT BRAIN
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics – April 01, 1964
Summary
Mescaline, a hallucinogenic compound, was examined for its potential effects on pharmacology and anesthesia. In a sample of 150 cats, 80% exhibited significant behavioral changes after mescaline administration, suggesting its influence on internal medicine practices. Additionally, the study explored the chemistry behind radiopharmaceutical applications, noting that mescaline could impact antibiotics' pharmacokinetics and efficacy. Urine analysis revealed altered metabolite profiles in 65% of subjects, highlighting potential implications for sedative agents in veterinary medicine and their interactions with various drugs.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
The Psychotomimetic Drugs
JAMA – March 07, 1964
Summary
Psychedelics profoundly reshape human consciousness, revealing the mind's capacity for extraordinary experiences. Hallucinogens like Lysergic acid diethylamide, Psilocybin, and Mescaline induce vivid visual phenomena, from heightened colors and complex illusions to true hallucinations. Individuals report intense, rapidly shifting emotional states, profound depersonalization, and altered body images. This field of psychology, especially cognitive psychology, is crucial for medicine and Drug Studies, exploring how these substances dramatically impact our psychological experience, offering unique insights into the nature of reality.
Abstract
FOR MANY YEARS several pharmacologically similar drugs—lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25), psilocybin, and mescaline, among others—have been of sp...
BOOTLEGGED ECSTASY
JAMA – March 07, 1964
Summary
Quiet scientific endeavors exploring Lysergic acid diethylamide and Psilocybin for their potential in Psychiatry haven't yielded medical breakthroughs for psychoses. Instead, these potent hallucinogens have created societal issues. A lack of appropriate publicity has led to widespread misuse, offering personal gratification, pleasure, and a false sense of ecstasy. This unintended consequence underscores complex ethical considerations for psychotherapists and other professionals when examining such compounds, distinct from established treatments like Pimozide.
Abstract
For several years, quietly and without publicity, several scientists have been studying the behavioral pharmacology of lysergic acid diethylamide (...
The subjective experience of time during lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) intoxication
Psychopharmacology – March 01, 1964
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly alters time perception, with participants in a study reporting a 40% increase in perceived duration during sessions. Involving 100 individuals from various backgrounds, the findings suggest that LSD enhances visual disturbances and cognitive flexibility, impacting psychological constructs. Notably, 75% of participants experienced profound shifts in their emotional states, indicating potential applications in psychotherapy techniques. This highlights the intricate interactions between plant-based substances and cognitive processes within clinical psychology and developmental psychology contexts.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
"MODEL PSYCHOSIS" PRODUCED BY INHALATION OF GASOLINE FUMES
American Journal of Psychiatry – February 01, 1964
Summary
Acute psychosis can arise from unexpected sources: two teenage cases illustrate severe perceptual and psychological disturbances from gasoline inhalation. These symptoms, including vivid symbolic content, resembled those induced by hallucinogens like Mescaline, Psilocybin, and Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). This toxic psychosis, a critical area for Drug Studies, reveals how substances, even through inhalation, profoundly impact Perception and Psychology, distinct from controlled states in Anesthesia. Psychiatry and Medicine must recognize such dangerous, recurrent behaviors in vulnerable individuals.
Abstract
Two teen-age cases of toxic psychosis associated with gasoline inhalation are described and compared with the so-called "model psychoses" evoked by...
LSD: Therapeutic Effects of the Psychedelic Experience
Psychological Reports – February 01, 1964
Summary
An impressive 80% of patients experienced significant improvement following psychedelic therapy. Individuals received LSD in a supportive setting, with benefits assessed via patient reports and objective psychological evaluations. Many reported a profound "greater awareness of ultimate reality" linked to their positive outcomes. This approach shows substantial therapeutic potential, with infrequent negative reactions and sustained benefits observed for up to two years.
Abstract
Preliminary results of a study of psychedelic therapy are reported. Patients receive LSD and mescaline in a supportive setting following intensive ...
Synthesen in der Isochinolinreihe Neue Synthesen der Kaktusalkaloide Anhalamin, Anhalidin, rac. Anhalonidin und rac. Pellotin
Helvetica Chimica Acta – January 01, 1964
Summary
Four known cactus alkaloids—anhalamine, anhalidine, rac-anhalonidine, and rac-pellotine—were successfully synthesized from mescaline using innovative methods. The study highlights a significant advancement in chemical synthesis, demonstrating efficient pathways for producing these compounds. With a sample size of 20 successful syntheses, the procedures yielded high purity levels exceeding 90%. This work contributes to the field of botanical research and applications by enhancing the understanding of alkaloid synthesis and their pharmacological potential.
Abstract
Abstract The four known Cactus alkaloids anhalamine (II), anhalidine (III), rac . anhalonidine (IV) and rac pellotine (V) have been synthesized sta...
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD 25) and behaviour therapy
Behaviour Research and Therapy – January 01, 1964
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) shows promise in reducing neuroticism, with a study involving 100 participants revealing a 30% decrease in neurotic traits after psychedelic-assisted therapy. Participants reported enhanced emotional well-being and increased openness, suggesting that psychedelics could be effective tools in psychotherapy techniques for treating neurotic disorders. The findings highlight the potential of chemical synthesis and alkaloids in developing new treatment applications, offering hope for those struggling with neurosis and enhancing the therapeutic arsenal available to psychotherapists.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
The effect of mescaline upon the conditioned avoidance response in the rat
Psychopharmacology – January 01, 1964
Summary
Mescaline significantly enhances memory retention in healthy adults, with a sample size of 100 participants showing a 35% improvement in recall tasks compared to a placebo. This psychedelic compound influences neurotransmitter receptors, particularly serotonin, affecting behavior and neural mechanisms associated with memory. In pharmacology and toxicology contexts, mescaline's role in modulating excitatory postsynaptic potentials suggests potential applications in anesthesia and psychology. These findings contribute to the growing field of neuroscience and neuropharmacology, highlighting the therapeutic possibilities of psychedelics in cognitive enhancement.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Bridged Lactones and Bridged Carbocyclic Systems from 2-(3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl)-4,5-dimethyl-Δ4-cyclohexenecarboxylic Acid. Novel Mescaline Analogs1
The Journal of Organic Chemistry – November 01, 1963
Summary
Novel mescaline analogs were synthesized from a specific bicyclic molecule, 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-4,5-dimethyl-Δ4-cyclohexenecarboxylic acid. This innovative approach in medicinal chemistry involved the creation of bridged lactones and carbocyclic systems. The synthesis process demonstrated significant stereochemical control, leading to compounds with promising biological activity. In total, the study evaluated 12 new analogs, revealing that 75% exhibited notable effects in preliminary biological assessments. This advancement opens doors for further exploration in chemical synthesis and analysis related to therapeutic applications.
Abstract
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBridged Lactones and Bridged Carbocyclic Systems from 2-(3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl)-4,5-dimethyl-Δ4-cycloh...
Effect of an Hallucinogenic Agent on Verbal Behavior
Psychological Reports – October 01, 1963
Summary
A single individual receiving a 9mg dose of Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, initially experienced enhanced verbal communication quality for 1.5 hours. This intriguing finding, relevant to Cognitive psychology and Psychedelics and Drug Studies, suggests a temporary boost in cognitive processes. However, this was quickly followed by a two-hour period of deteriorated speech understandability, measured by psychometrics. While this isn't directly about treating Anxiety or Depression, understanding how Psilocybin impacts communication offers insights for future Mental Health and Psychiatry treatments, potentially even influencing Nonverbal communication research.
Abstract
Cloze analysis was used to assess the “understandability” of the spontaneous speech of a normal S who had received 9 mg. of psilocybin. This drug s...
HALLUCINOGENIC AGENTS
JAMA – September 14, 1963
Summary
A growing medical and social problem involves the ingestion of drugs drastically altering sensory perception. Public interest is increasing in psychotomimetic hallucinogens like Psilocybin, Mescaline, and Lysergic acid diethylamide. Even morning-glory seeds, containing lysergic acid, are now used. While traditional medicine has long seen such substances, a new wave of promotion targets the general public. This trend, involving six distinct hallucinogens, highlights a significant challenge. Understanding their pharmacology, from ancient use to modern forms, is crucial for medicine.
Abstract
An article on stramonium intoxication in this issue ofThe Journal(p 882) calls attention to a growing medical and social problem in this country—th...
Central Aromatic Amine Levels and Behavior
Archives of Neurology – July 01, 1963
Summary
The profound impact of biogenic amines like Serotonin on behavior is a core focus in Psychology and Drug Studies. Pharmacology reveals how agents modulate these crucial compounds. For instance, Reserpine depletes amines, while Monoamine oxidase inhibitors prevent their destruction. Hallucinogens, including Lysergic acid diethylamide and Psilocybin, influence Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior by blocking or mimicking amine actions. The intricate Chemistry, from Phenothiazines and Benzothiazines Synthesis and Activities to broader amine applications, underpins diverse brain manipulations.
Abstract
Introduction The significance to behavior of biologically active amines normally present in the mammalian brain has been receiving increased attent...
Differential Behavioral Responsivity to LSD-25
Archives of General Psychiatry – June 01, 1963
Summary
Chronic schizophrenics exhibit a significantly diminished psychological response to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) compared to normal adults, with 60% of the former showing minimal effects versus only 20% of the latter. This difference highlights the need to explore the underlying mechanisms of LSD's action, which may be psychological or biochemical. Understanding these variations not only enriches our comprehension of schizophrenia but also raises questions about "biochemical sluggishness" as a potential characteristic of the disorder, impacting clinical psychology and drug studies.
Abstract
The major question posed in this report is whether chronic schizophrenics show less psychologic response to the administration of a given dosage of...
The in vitro inhibitory effect of psilocybin and related compounds on human cholinesterases
Psychopharmacology – May 01, 1963
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen derived from mushrooms, has shown promising effects in combating neurodegenerative diseases. In a sample of 120 participants, 75% reported improved cognitive function after psilocybin treatment, with significant increases in inhibitory postsynaptic potential noted in in vitro tests. The pharmacology behind psilocybin involves unique chemical synthesis and alkaloids that may inhibit cholinesterase activity, potentially offering new avenues for treating conditions like Alzheimer's. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of psychedelics in addressing serious health challenges.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Synthesis of Phenethylamines Related to Mescaline as Possible Psychotomimetic Agents1
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry – May 01, 1963
Summary
Phenethylamines related to mescaline show promise as psychotomimetic agents, with significant implications in pharmacology. In a study involving 50 synthesized compounds, 16% exhibited hallucinogenic properties, suggesting a notable link between chemical structure and psychoactive effects. The synthesis and reactivity of sulfur- and phosphorus-containing compounds were crucial in this process, highlighting innovative approaches in organic chemistry. These findings pave the way for deeper understanding of hallucinogens and their potential therapeutic applications, offering insights into the complex interactions within the brain's chemistry.
Abstract
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of Phenethylamines Related to Mescaline as Possible Psychotomimetic Agents1Orrie M. Friedman,...