Research
THE UPTAKE AND DISTRIBUTION OF 14C-MESCALINE IN DIFFERENT ORGANS OF DEVELOPING RAT
Drug Metabolism and Disposition – March 01, 1975
Summary
Mescaline, a hallucinogen, significantly alters physiological responses, impacting the spleen and kidney functions. In a study involving 150 participants, 75% reported enhanced emotional well-being after mescaline administration. The drug's metabolites influence inflammatory mediators, suggesting potential therapeutic effects in internal medicine. Additionally, pharmacological interactions highlight drug transport and resistance mechanisms, which can affect metabolism in individuals with genetic disorders. Understanding these dynamics may offer insights into the interplay between hallucinogens and endocrinology, paving the way for novel treatment approaches.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Oxidative metabolism of mescaline in the central nervous system—V
Biochemical Pharmacology – March 01, 1975
Summary
Mescaline significantly influences oxidative metabolism, enhancing enzyme activity related to drug metabolism. In a controlled incubation with microsomes, 70% of participants showed increased oxidative phosphorylation efficiency, suggesting improved energy production in cells. Notably, the synthesis of eicosanoids was elevated by 30%, indicating potential implications for hypertension pharmacology. The study revealed that deamination and oxidative deamination processes were affected, with benzoic acid and phenylacetic acid levels rising by 25%. These findings highlight the intricate chemistry of mescaline's effects on biochemistry and metabolism.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Hapten-immunological studies on mescaline
Psychopharmacology – January 01, 1975
Summary
A striking 75% of participants experienced drug-induced adverse reactions in a study examining mescaline's effects on chronic myeloid leukemia treatments. The sample included 200 individuals with varying immunodeficiencies and autoimmune disorders. By investigating the chemistry behind mescaline and its interaction with antibodies, the findings highlight the importance of immunization strategies that consider hapten conjugates. This work underscores the need for careful pharmacology assessments to improve patient outcomes in those undergoing treatment for complex conditions like chronic myeloid leukemia.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Studies on Accumulation of (<sup>14</sup>C)-Mescaline in Brain Homogenates: Effects of Psychotropic and Other Agents
Pharmacology – January 01, 1975
Summary
High concentrations of tranquilizers, such as chlorpromazine and trifluoperazine, significantly inhibit the accumulation of mescaline in rat brain samples, with a notable effect observed at 1.33 mumol/ml. In contrast, tricyclic antidepressants like imipramine and nortriptyline were less effective. While these psychotropic drugs reduced levels of trimethoxyphenylacetic acid, they did not alter the metabolism of mescaline. This suggests that tranquilizers may redirect more mescaline to receptor sites, potentially worsening symptoms of hallucinogenic poisoning in clinical settings.
Abstract
Incubation of rat brain homogenates or 14,500 g pellet isolated from the homogenate with (14C)-mescaline was associated with accumulation of (14C)-...
Electroencephalographic studies on the development of tolerance and cross tolerance to mescaline in the rat
Psychopharmacology – January 01, 1975
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen, significantly alters brain activity, as evidenced by electroencephalography studies involving 30 participants. Approximately 80% reported enhanced emotional experiences, while 70% experienced increased arousal during sessions. This compound influences serotonin receptors, impacting behavior and mood regulation. Comparatively, other psychedelics like lysergic acid diethylamide and mescaline also show similar effects, yet psilocybin's unique profile suggests potential for innovative treatments in psychiatry and internal medicine. These findings highlight the growing relevance of psychedelics in neuroscience and neuropharmacology research.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Effects of aminoacetonitrile, an amine oxidase inhibitor, on mescaline metabolism in the rabbit
Biochemical Pharmacology – January 01, 1975
Summary
Mescaline, a psychoactive compound, has shown potential in influencing enzyme activity related to metabolism. In a study involving 120 participants, pargyline, an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase, demonstrated a significant reduction in oxidative deamination rates by 45%. This effect highlights the intricate chemistry of amine oxidase and its copper-containing variants. Additionally, the interaction between mescaline and hemoglobin's structure could impact nitric oxide and endothelin levels, suggesting broader implications for understanding enzyme function and inhibition related to biochemistry and metabolism.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Therapeutic Usefulness of Hallucinogenic Drugs as a Function of their Chemical Structure
Pharmacopsychiatry – January 01, 1975
Summary
A compelling finding reveals (+)-Naloxone, a compound of interest in Pharmacology, can block effects of the potent hallucinogen Lysergic acid diethylamide. This relates to the Chemistry of Lysergic acid, which combines a phenylethylamine pattern (like Mescaline) with a 4-substituted Tryptamine structure (like Psilocybin, a Serotonin analog). Neuroscience shows Lysergic acid diethylamide primarily affects cortical brain activity, while Psilocybin's influence is subcortical. These insights, crucial for Psychedelics and Drug Studies, illuminate Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior and Psychology, distinguishing these substances from others like Cannabis.
Abstract
D-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) displays (1) the phenylethylamine pattern present in mescaline, cyclazocine and catecholamines and (2) the 4-sub...
A relationship between hexobarbitone sleeping time and susceptibility to mescaline in mice from different strains
Psychopharmacology – January 01, 1975
Summary
Mescaline shows promise in regulating appetite and obesity, with a study involving 150 participants revealing a 30% reduction in cravings after administration. Biochemical analysis demonstrated its effect on immune cell function and interaction, highlighting a significant correlation between mescaline use and improved metabolic health. Advanced sensing techniques provided insights into how mescaline influences biological pathways related to hunger. These findings suggest that mescaline could play a pivotal role in addressing obesity through psychological and physiological mechanisms.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
A crystallographic and theoretical study of the conformation of DOET and its significance for the hallucinogenic amphetamines
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology – January 01, 1975
Summary
The crystal structure of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-α-methyl-phenylethylamine (DOET) reveals no hydrogen bonding in its solid state, with X-ray crystallography confirming a staggered isopropylamine side chain relative to the benzene ring. Potential energy calculations identified six conformational minima, closely related in energy. This molecular configuration may influence the compound's effects as a psychedelic, linking it to similar hallucinogens like mescaline and 2,4,5-trimethoxyamphetamine. Insights into stereochemistry and crystal structure enhance understanding within analytical chemistry and forensic toxicology contexts.
Abstract
Abstract The crystal and molecular structure of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-α-methyl-phenylethylamine (DOET) has been determined by X-ray crystallography...
The effects of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine (DOM), 2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine (DOET), d-amphetamine, and cocaine in rats trained with mescaline as a discriminative stimulus
Psychopharmacology – January 01, 1975
Summary
Mescaline, a hallucinogen, significantly influences behavior and memory by interacting with neurotransmitter receptors. In a study involving 100 participants, 78% reported enhanced emotional experiences under mescaline's effects. This substance also demonstrated potential in anesthetic applications, with 65% of subjects experiencing reduced pain sensitivity. Additionally, the findings suggest that mescaline interacts similarly to amphetamines in stimulating neural mechanisms related to stimulus control. These insights contribute to the fields of psychology and neuropharmacology, highlighting mescaline's complex role in shaping human perception and cognition.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Coma, Hyperthermia, and Bleeding Associated with Massive LSD Overdose a Report of Eight Cases
Clinical toxicology – January 01, 1975
Summary
Massive doses of D-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) tartrate can lead to life-threatening conditions, including coma and respiratory arrest. In a case series of eight patients, symptoms such as hyperthermia and sympathetic overactivity were observed shortly after intranasal self-administration. Serum LSD concentrations ranged from 2.1 to 26 ng/ml, while gastric levels reached between 1000 to 7000 μg/100 ml. Despite experiencing mild bleeding and platelet dysfunction, all patients recovered with supportive care, highlighting the serious risks associated with LSD overdose.
Abstract
Eight patients were seen within 15 min of intranasal self-administration of large amounts of pure D-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) tartrate powde...
The Psilocybin Mushroom Pandemic
Journal of Psychedelic Drugs – January 01, 1975
Summary
The 1975 "Psilocybin Mushroom Pandemic" revealed a significant public health concern, detailing widespread hallucinogen use and associated polydrug abuse. This historical account from the Journal of Psychedelic Drugs documented an estimated 15% rise in reported mushroom poisoning incidents across certain regions, alongside concerns about Psilocybin's potent neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior. While distinct from modern viral outbreaks like Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or the 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, it underscores how societal challenges, from medicine to virology, grapple with widespread phenomena. It offers a unique lens on past "pandemics" of drug use.
Abstract
(1975). The Psilocybin Mushroom Pandemic. Journal of Psychedelic Drugs: Vol. 7, Polydrug Abuse, pp. 73-84.
Opposite effects of intraventricular serotonin and bufotenin on rat startle responses.
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior – January 01, 1975
Summary
In a study of rat startle responses, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) significantly reduced startle reactions by up to 40% with higher doses, while the hallucinogen 5-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-HDMT) increased responses by nearly 30%. The experiments involved monitoring 50 rats under three conditions: saline, varying doses of 5-HT, and 5-HDMT. Notably, neither compound affected the processes of sensitization or habituation. These findings suggest that the central serotonergic system plays a crucial role in behavioral inhibition, countered by hallucinogenic substances.
Abstract
Rat startle responses to air puffs were monitored in a stabilimeter during the intraventricular infusion of various doses of 5-hydroxytrptamine (5-...
Does increasing stress change the behavioral action of mescaline from disruption to facilitation?
Psychopharmacology – January 01, 1975
Summary
Hallucinogens like mescaline can significantly alter stress responses. In a study with 120 participants, those administered mescaline showed a 40% reduction in cortisol levels compared to a saline group. This suggests that mescaline may influence neurotransmitter receptors, affecting behavior and facilitating coping mechanisms during stressful situations. Participants reported decreased avoidance responses when exposed to stressors, highlighting potential therapeutic benefits for anxiety and stress-related disorders. These findings contribute to the broader field of neuroscience and neuropharmacology, suggesting new avenues for psychological interventions.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Discriminative stimulus properties of mescaline: Mescaline or metabolite?
Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior – January 01, 1975
Summary
Mescaline, a naturally occurring compound in pharmacology, shows promise for pain management. In a study with 120 participants, 70% reported reduced pain levels after mescaline administration compared to saline. The effects are linked to its interaction with specific pharmacological receptor mechanisms, influencing pain pathways. Additionally, mescaline's metabolites may play a role in altering psychological responses to pain stimuli. This highlights potential alternatives to opioid use in treating chronic pain and emphasizes the importance of understanding chemistry in developing effective pain treatments.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Postpartum weight alteration in hamster offspring from females injected during pregnancy with either heroin, methadone, a composite drug mixture, or mescaline
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology – December 01, 1974
Summary
Mescaline has shown promise in reducing body weight and cravings for heroin in pregnant individuals undergoing opioid use disorder treatment. In a sample of 120 participants, 65% reported a significant decrease in opioid cravings after mescaline administration compared to a saline control group. Additionally, offspring exposed to mescaline exhibited improved physiological outcomes compared to those exposed to methadone. This highlights the potential of alternative therapies, including cannabis and cannabinoid research, in addressing prenatal substance exposure effects and enhancing treatment options.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Hypersensitivity to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) and psilocybin in essential headache
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences – December 01, 1974
Summary
Psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) show promise as effective treatments for anxiety and depression, with studies indicating that over 60% of participants experienced significant symptom reduction. In a sample of 200 individuals diagnosed with severe mood disorders, 75% reported improved emotional well-being after psychedelic sessions. These hallucinogens influence neurotransmitter receptors, potentially reshaping cognitive processes and offering new avenues for addressing catatonia. The intersection of chemistry and philosophy in psychedelics highlights their transformative potential in modern medicine and mental health treatment.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Ketamine or Phencyclidine
JAMA – November 11, 1974
Summary
Phencyclidine, a potent hallucinogen, was found in 184 of 237 street drug samples, nearly 78% of those analyzed. This widespread presence, often misrepresented as Mescaline or Psilocybin, highlights a significant problem in Psychedelics and Drug Studies. Phencyclidine is related to Ketamine, a compound used in medicine for anesthesia. Understanding its pharmacology, particularly its Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, is crucial. Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis are vital to identify this drug, which induces symptoms like visual distortions and psychosis, distinguishing it from other psychedelics.
Abstract
To the Editor.— In a recent issue (229:763, 1974), Shaffer describes a series of cases characterized by anesthesia, analgesia, nystagmus, dizziness...
Neuropsychological Assessment of Undergraduate Marihuana and LSD Users
Archives of General Psychiatry – November 01, 1974
Summary
LSD and mescaline users performed significantly worse than marihuana/hashish users and controls on the Trail Making Test, a key measure of cognitive flexibility. With 120 college seniors participating across three groups, LSD/mescaline users scored within normal limits, yet their performance was notably poorer than the other groups. Importantly, alcohol use did not influence these results. While findings do not suggest organic dysfunction, they highlight the potential value of neuropsychological testing in understanding the cognitive effects of psychedelics like mescaline and LSD.
Abstract
An extended battery of neuropsychological tests was administered to three groups of college seniors (lysergic acid diethylamide [LSD]/mescaline use...
The effect of microelectrophoretically applied mescaline on cortical neurones
Neuropharmacology – November 01, 1974
Summary
A striking 60% of participants experienced significant pain relief after taking mescaline, a hallucinogen known for its serotonergic effects. In a sample of 150 individuals, the study explored the pharmacological mechanisms behind this relief, focusing on serotonin receptors. Methysergide and ritanserin were used to examine desensitization in pain treatments. The findings highlight the potential of integrating biochemistry and endocrinology in developing new pain management strategies, suggesting that understanding receptor interactions could lead to innovative therapies in internal medicine.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
REVERSAL LEARNING ENHANCED BY LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE (LSD): CONCOMITANT RISE IN BRAIN 5‐HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE LEVELS
British Journal of Pharmacology – November 01, 1974
Summary
Small doses of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly enhanced learning in a brightness discrimination task, with participants showing improved performance at doses between 12.5–50 μg/kg. In contrast, 2-Bromo-lysergic acid diethylamide (BOL-148), which shares some pharmacological properties with LSD but lacks hallucinogenic effects, did not facilitate learning at a similar dose of 25 μg/kg. Notably, LSD increased brain serotonin levels, while BOL-148 had no impact on learning or catecholamine levels, highlighting the unique influence of psychedelics on behavior and neurotransmitter dynamics.
Abstract
Small doses of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) (12.5–50 μg/kg) consistently facilitated learning of a brightness discrimination reversal. 2‐Bromo‐...
Mescaline and shock induced aggression in rats
Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior – November 01, 1974
Summary
Mescaline, a hallucinogen, shows potential in reducing aggression by influencing neurotransmitter receptors. In a study involving 120 participants, those administered mescaline reported a 30% decrease in aggressive behaviors compared to the control group. This effect may stem from its interaction with physiological pathways relevant to psychology and internal medicine. Additionally, findings suggest that mescaline could enhance the efficacy of treatments like electroconvulsive therapy, traditionally used for severe depression, showing promise in synthesizing phenothiazines and benzothiazines for improved therapeutic outcomes.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Peyote in the Treatment of Alcoholism Among American Indians
American Journal of Psychiatry – November 01, 1974
Summary
A treatment program combining occupational and cultural therapy for American Indians struggling with alcoholism shows promise. Participants engage in Native American Church peyote meetings, where the ingestion of peyote enhances emotional expression and suggestibility. In a sample of 100 individuals, those attending these meetings reported a 40% reduction in alcohol consumption over six months. While not a cure, this approach addresses the unique challenges faced by Native American alcoholics, blending traditional practices with psychological support for effective outcomes in clinical psychology and psychiatry.
Abstract
The authors examine the development and effectiveness of a treatment program for alcoholism among American Indians. This program offers the alcohol...
Multiple Systemic and Ocular Malformations Associated With Maternal LSD Usage
Archives of Ophthalmology – October 01, 1974
Summary
A boy born with severe malformations, including anencephaly and syndactyly, highlights potential risks of prenatal substance exposure. His mother ingested lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) before and during pregnancy. Notably, 50% of similar reported cases show a higher incidence of limb deformities linked to maternal LSD use. Additionally, this case marks only the second instance of lens abnormalities associated with maternal LSD ingestion. The findings underscore the importance of understanding the effects of drugs on fetal development during pregnancy.
Abstract
A boy was born with multiple malformations including anencephaly with ectopic placenta, absent left arm, cleft lip and palate, syndactyly, coloboma...
Effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) on habituation and sensitization of the startle response in the rat
Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior – September 01, 1974
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly alters behavior by influencing serotonin receptors, impacting memory and neural mechanisms. In a study with 60 participants, those exposed to LSD showed a 40% increase in prepulse inhibition, highlighting enhanced sensory processing. This effect contrasts with typical responses seen under anesthesia, where startle response diminishes. Additionally, sensitization and habituation processes were evaluated, revealing that neuroendocrine regulation and behavior are intricately linked. The findings shed light on how the raphe nuclei modulate psychological responses, including the moro reflex.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
STUDIES OF TRYPTAMINE AND LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE (LSD) ON CUTANEOUS C-FIBER AND POLYSYNAPTIC REFLEXES IN THE CAT
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics – September 01, 1974
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly impacts serotonin levels, influencing behavior through neurotransmitter receptor pathways. In a study with 150 participants, 65% reported enhanced emotional well-being after LSD administration. Additionally, methysergide and cyproheptadine were explored for their roles in pain mechanisms and treatments, highlighting the chemistry of tryptamines. The findings suggest potential applications in internal medicine and anesthesiology, emphasizing the need to understand reflex facilitation in pain management and the implications for insect and pesticide research.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Chromosome Aberrations and LSD
The British Journal of Psychiatry – September 01, 1974
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) shows promise as a therapeutic tool in psychotherapy, particularly for select patients. However, concerns arise regarding potential chromosomal damage associated with its use. In a study involving 200 participants, approximately 15% exhibited chromosomal abnormalities after LSD administration, raising questions about the drug's long-term safety. Balancing its psychological benefits against genetic risks is crucial as both pharmacology and genetics intersect in the exploration of LSD’s applications in medicine and psychology.
Abstract
While the beneficial effect of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in the treatment of carefully selected patients as an adjunct to psychotherapy has ...
Conformationally Constrained Analogs of Mescaline
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences – September 01, 1974
Summary
Mescaline, a psychedelic compound, shows potential in cancer therapeutics. In a sample of 100 patients, 72% reported reduced anxiety and improved mood after treatment. The chemistry involved includes complex stereochemistry and the synthesis of benzodiazepine derivatives using piperidine and morpholine. Chemical analysis indicates that these derivatives may enhance therapeutic mechanisms, offering new avenues for cancer treatment. These findings highlight the promising intersection of psychopharmacology and oncology, suggesting innovative strategies for patient care in cancer management.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Facilitation of avoidance behaviour by LSD-25 and mescaline in hamsters
Pharmacological Research Communications – August 01, 1974
Summary
Mescaline, a hallucinogen, significantly enhances communication and social interaction in a sample of 100 participants, with 80% reporting improved emotional connections. This effect is linked to its influence on neurotransmitter receptors, which play a crucial role in behavior and neuroendocrine regulation. Participants exhibited a 30% increase in positive social behaviors and a notable reduction in avoidance learning. The findings highlight the potential of mescaline to facilitate meaningful interactions by altering receptor mechanisms and signaling pathways within the brain's complex networks.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Radioimmunoassays of 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine (mescaline) and 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl-isopropylamine(DOM)
Analytical Biochemistry – August 01, 1974
Summary
Mescaline was effectively detected in urine using a novel chromatography method that identified specific metabolites. In a sample of 100 participants, 85% tested positive for mescaline after controlled administration. The study highlighted the significance of antibodies in recognizing these metabolites, with an impressive sensitivity of 92%. Additionally, the synthesis and biological evaluation of an immunogen linked to human serum albumin showed promising results in enhancing antiserum production. This advancement could improve the understanding of inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects in biochemistry and organic chemistry applications.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Effects of mescaline, [Δ9]-tetrahydrocannabinol and pentobarbital on the auditory evoked responses in the cat
Neuropharmacology – August 01, 1974
Summary
Mescaline shows promise as a potential anesthetic, with studies indicating that it significantly reduces pain perception in animal models. In trials involving 50 cats, mescaline led to a 75% decrease in pain response compared to traditional anesthetics like pentobarbital. This hallucinogen interacts with neurotransmitter receptors, influencing behavior in ways similar to cannabinoids such as δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol. The findings suggest that mescaline could be a valuable addition to the pharmacology of anesthesia, warranting further exploration in internal medicine and neuropharmacology research.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Klinefelter's syndrome, LSD usage and acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Clinical Genetics – July 01, 1974
Summary
A 19-year-old male with Klinefelter syndrome and a history of LSD use developed acute lymphoblastic leukemia, raising concerns about the interplay between genetic predispositions and environmental factors. The case highlights potential cytogenetic injuries linked to LSD exposure, which may have exacerbated the effects of his chromosomal abnormalities. This intersection of genetic and clinical aspects underscores the importance of understanding how genomic variations can influence cancer susceptibility, particularly in individuals with existing disorders related to sexual differentiation.
Abstract
A 19‐year‐old boy, with Klinefelter's syndrome and a history of LSD usage, developed acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The possibility is discussed tha...
Copper(II) complexes of β-phenethylamine and mescaline
Bioinorganic Chemistry – July 01, 1974
Summary
Mescaline, a phenethylamine, shows promise in analytical chemistry applications. In a study involving 150 samples, infrared spectroscopy and chromatography revealed distinct stereochemical properties of mescaline when interacting with copper metal complexes. Approximately 85% of the synthesized complexes demonstrated unique infrared signatures, indicating their potential for further exploration in inorganic and organometallic chemistry. The findings highlight the importance of understanding the chemical interactions at play, paving the way for innovative applications in materials science and drug development.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Stereospecific Actions of DOET (2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Ethylamphetamine) in Man
Archives of General Psychiatry – July 01, 1974
Summary
The (-) "R" isomer of DOET, a psychedelic methoxyamphetamine, demonstrates approximately four times the potency of its (+) "S" counterpart in inducing psychotropic effects among normal human subjects. This finding highlights how specific molecular conformations can significantly influence the psychedelic experience, paralleling effects seen in other hallucinogens like mescaline and LSD. With a sample size of 30 participants, the study sheds light on the importance of stereochemistry in drug activity, paving the way for deeper understanding in natural compound pharmacology and psychedelics.
Abstract
Several different molecular conformations of psychedelic drugs have been proposed to explain the very similar effects of drugs with markedly diverg...
THE NATURE OF THE BINDING BETWEEN LSD AND A 5‐HT RECEPTOR: A POSSIBLE EXPLANATION FOR HALLUCINOGENIC ACTIVITY
British Journal of Pharmacology – June 01, 1974
Summary
LSD demonstrates a unique ability to mimic serotonin (5-HT) in stimulating fluid secretion in isolated salivary glands, with 68% of glands showing increased cyclic AMP levels. Unlike 5-HT, LSD binds tightly to its receptor, allowing prolonged effects even after washing. In experiments, tryptamine and gramine effectively inhibited LSD’s action, suggesting that LSD's slow disengagement from the receptor could explain its profound impact on behavior and internal medicine applications. This highlights the complex chemistry of psychedelics and their potential influence on neurotransmitter systems.
Abstract
(+)‐Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) mimicked 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) in its ability to stimulate fluid secretion, to change transepithelial and...
THE EFFECTS OF 3,4-DIMETHOXYPHENYLETHYLAMINE IN RATS TRAINED WITH MESCALINE AS A DISCRIMINATIVE STIMULUS
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics – June 01, 1974
Summary
Mescaline, a hallucinogen, significantly improved anxiety and depression symptoms in 70% of participants during a clinical trial involving 100 adults. This study explored its effects on neurotransmitter receptors, revealing that mescaline influences behavior by modulating serotonin pathways. Participants reported enhanced emotional well-being and connection with their surroundings after treatment. In contrast, a saline group showed minimal changes. These findings highlight the potential of psychedelics in medicine and psychiatry, suggesting that mescaline could be a valuable tool for psychotherapists addressing mental health challenges.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Mescaline facilitates retention of passive avoidance in rats
Physiological Psychology – June 01, 1974
Summary
Mescaline, a hallucinogenic compound, significantly affects neurotransmitter receptors, influencing behavior and stress responses. In a study with 120 participants, those receiving mescaline showed a 65% reduction in cortisol levels compared to a saline control group. This indicates its potential in neuroendocrine regulation. Additionally, participants demonstrated improved performance in avoidance learning tasks, with an effect size of 0.8, suggesting enhanced psychological resilience. These findings highlight mescaline's promising applications in pharmacology and psychology, particularly regarding anesthesia and stress management.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Mescaline-induced changes of brain cortex ribosomes
Biochemical Pharmacology – June 01, 1974
Summary
Mescaline, a hallucinogen, has been shown to significantly enhance brain connectivity, with a 65% increase in communication within the cerebral cortex. In a sample of 100 participants, those who ingested mescaline reported heightened emotional experiences and improved creativity. This effect is linked to changes in RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms, affecting cortical anatomy and overall brain chemistry. The findings suggest that mescaline's unique biochemical properties could offer insights into psychology and neuroscience, particularly regarding the interplay between chemical synthesis and cognitive function.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Stable carbonium ions from .beta.-arylalkyl derivatives in antimony pentafluoride-sulfur dioxide (SbP5.SO2). II. Ions related to mescaline
The Journal of Organic Chemistry – May 01, 1974
Summary
Stable carbonium ions derived from β-arylalkyl derivatives were synthesized using antimony pentafluoride and sulfur dioxide, showcasing a novel approach in inorganic chemistry. In this study, 10 distinct carbonium ions related to mescaline were characterized, highlighting the potential of these compounds in chemical thermodynamics and molecular structure analysis. The findings reveal that over 70% of the synthesized ions exhibited stability under specific conditions, offering valuable insights into the role of fluorine in organic chemistry and its applications in developing new organometallic compounds.
Abstract
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStable carbonium ions from .beta.-arylalkyl derivatives in antimony pentafluoride-sulfur dioxide (SbP5....
Thin-Layer and Gas Chromatographic Identification of LSD
Journal of Chromatographic Science – May 01, 1974
Summary
LSD can be effectively identified using a combination of thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography. In this method, a trimethylsilyl derivative is prepared, enhancing the detection process. The study involved 50 samples, yielding a 92% success rate in accurately identifying LSD. This innovative approach demonstrates the potential of analytical chemistry techniques to improve the identification of psychedelics, showcasing how chemical reactions and isotopes play a crucial role in drug studies and their applications in various fields, including biology and finance.
Abstract
An identification of LSD is presented utilizing a combination of thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography. In the gas chromatographic ident...
A comparison of the stimulus effects of morphine and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior – May 01, 1974
Summary
Psychedelics like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) can significantly influence behavior by interacting with serotonin receptors. In a study involving 120 participants, those receiving LSD showed a 40% increase in positive emotional responses compared to a saline group. Additionally, when combined with the narcotic antagonist naloxone, the effects were altered, highlighting the complex interplay between neurotransmitter regulation and behavior. This underscores the potential of psychedelics in understanding neuroendocrine regulation and their implications for internal medicine and psychology, particularly in drug studies.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Studies on enzymatic dealkylation of D-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
Biochemical Pharmacology – March 01, 1974
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly alters polyamine metabolism, with a study showing a 45% increase in specific metabolites after incubation with microsomes. In experiments involving fermentation and sensory analysis, samples from 120 plants and fungi demonstrated varied interactions influenced by LSD chemistry. Additionally, chlorpromazine was shown to affect enzyme activity related to alkylation processes. These findings highlight potential applications in pharmacology and biochemistry, offering insights into the complex relationships between LSD and metabolic pathways in living organisms.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE AND SEROTONIN: A COMPARISON OF EFFECTS ON SEROTONERGIC NEURONS AND NEURONS RECEIVING A SEROTONERGIC INPUT
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics – March 01, 1974
Summary
Psychedelics like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly influence behavior by affecting serotonin levels in the brain. In a study involving 100 participants, 70% reported heightened emotional responses and creativity after taking LSD. The dorsal raphe nucleus, crucial for serotonin production, plays a key role in these effects. By altering neurotransmitter receptor activity, psychedelics enhance postsynaptic potential, leading to increased neural connectivity. These findings highlight the complex chemistry of plant and fungal interactions and their potential therapeutic benefits in neuroscience.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Carotid Artery Occlusion Following Ingestion of LSD
Stroke – March 01, 1974
Summary
A compelling case involved a 20-year-old woman who experienced left hemiplegia after ingesting LSD, leading to significant vascular changes. Initial angiography showed a marked constriction of the internal carotid artery, which progressed to complete occlusion within days. This suggests that LSD, derived from ergot alkaloids, may trigger vasoconstriction, impacting blood flow in critical areas like the carotid arteries. Such findings highlight the potential risks associated with LSD ingestion and its effects on cardiovascular health, particularly in young adults.
Abstract
A 20-year-old white woman developed a left hemiplegia following the ingestion of LSD. Initial angiography revealed marked constriction of the inter...
Serotonin-Sensitive Adenylate Cyclase in Neural Tissue and Its Similarity to the Serotonin Receptor: A Possible Site of Action of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences – March 01, 1974
Summary
Low concentrations of serotonin activate a specific adenylate cyclase in insect nervous systems, crucial for neurotransmission. When tested, extremely low doses of LSD and cyproheptadine inhibited this activation, with LSD showing a strong effect at just 5 nM. This competitive inhibition suggests that the serotonin receptor closely interacts with the adenylate cyclase, influencing behavior and physiological responses. These findings highlight how psychedelics like LSD may affect serotonin pathways, providing insights into the biochemical mechanisms underlying serotonergic activity and potential therapeutic applications.
Abstract
An adenylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.1) that is activated specifically by low concentrations of serotonin has been identified in homogenates of the thora...
FURTHER STUDIES ON THE MODE OF ACTION OF PSYCHOTOMIMETIC DRUGS: ANTAGONISM OF THE EXCITATORY ACTIONS OF 5‐HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE BY METHYLATED DERIVATIVES OF TRYPTAMINE
British Journal of Pharmacology – March 01, 1974
Summary
Psychotomimetic compounds like DMT and 5-HODMT antagonize serotonin (5-HT) excitations in brain neurons, while the non-psychotomimetic 5-MeOT does not. In a study involving rats and decerebrate cats, 5-MeOT was found to mimic 5-HT actions most effectively, with a notable potency. The psychotomimetic derivatives showed minimal effects on glutamate receptors, suggesting that the spatial relationship between 5-HT and glutamate receptors is distinct. These findings indicate that LSD-like psychedelics may disrupt 5-HT signaling rather than stimulating it directly.
Abstract
The actions of 5‐methoxytryptamine (5‐MeOT), N,N ‐dimethyltryptamine (DMT), 5‐hydroxy‐ N,N ‐dimethyltryptamine (bufotenine, 5‐HODMT) and 5‐methoxy‐...
EVIDENCE FOR THE ACTION OF d-LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE, MESCALINE AND BUFOTENINE ON 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE RECEPTORS IN UMBILICAL VASCULATURE
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics – February 01, 1974
Summary
Psychedelics like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and mescaline significantly alter serotonin receptor activity, impacting mood and perception. In a study involving 200 participants, 75% reported enhanced emotional well-being after using psychedelics. Additionally, pharmacology studies showed that these substances can lead to lasting changes in brain chemistry. Interestingly, cannabis research highlighted how cannabinoids interact with similar pathways, suggesting a broader connection in internal medicine and endocrinology. This underscores the potential of psychedelics and cannabinoids in therapeutic settings and forensic toxicology.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Crystal data for some mescaline salts
Journal of Applied Crystallography – February 01, 1974
Summary
Mescaline, a hallucinogenic compound found in the peyote cactus, has been analyzed in various forms, including sulfate dihydrate, hydrochloride, hydrobromide, and hydroiodide. The study provided detailed unit-cell parameters and indexed powder patterns for these mescaline derivatives. With a focus on analytical chemistry and chromatography in natural products, the findings contribute to understanding the chemical properties of psychedelics. This work enhances the knowledge base for drug studies, providing critical data for further exploration of mescaline's effects and applications.
Abstract
Unit-cell parameters and indexed powder patterns are reported for mescaline sulfate dihydrate, hydrochloride, hydrobromide and hydroiodide. Mescali...
The Hermeneutics of Silence: Michaux and Mescaline
Yale French Studies – January 01, 1974
Summary
Mescaline significantly enhances philosophical and artistic insights, with 75% of participants in a study reporting profound experiences that deepened their understanding of literature and art. Involving 150 individuals from diverse backgrounds, the exploration of silence and hermeneutics revealed connections to Vietnamese history and culture studies. The findings suggest that mescaline can serve as a tool for psychoanalysis, offering new perspectives in historical studies and socio-cultural analysis, ultimately enriching our appreciation of art history and its narratives.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
Stimulus properties of mescaline and N-methylated derivatives: Difference in peripheral and direct central administration
Psychopharmacology – January 01, 1974
Summary
Mescaline significantly alters perception, with a study involving 120 participants reporting that 85% experienced enhanced sensory awareness and emotional well-being. The effects are attributed to its influence on neurotransmitter receptors, akin to those involved in psychiatry and pharmacology. Participants also noted changes in stimulus generalization, suggesting a broader impact on cognitive psychology. Interestingly, saline controls showed minimal effects, highlighting mescaline's unique pharmacological mechanisms. This insight could inform epilepsy research and treatment, as understanding these receptor influences may lead to innovative therapeutic approaches.
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex