Safety of ibogaine administration in detoxification of opioid-dependent individuals: a descriptive open-label observational study.

A single dose of ibogaine (10 mg/kg) in 14 patients with opioid use disorder caused an average QTc prolongation of 95 ms (range 29–146 ms); half of the subjects reached a QTc over 500 ms. No life-threatening cardiac events occurred, but severe temporary ataxia (inability to walk without support) was universal. Withdrawal and psychomimetic effects were mostly manageable; 11 of 14 patients did not return to morphine within 24 hours. The findings indicate that ibogaine induces clinically relevant but reversible QTc prolongation, bradycardia, and severe cerebellar toxicity.

Study at a glance

Abstract

Ibogaine is an indole alkaloid used in rituals of the African Bwiti tribe. It is also used in non-medical settings to treat addiction. However, ibogaine has been linked to several deaths, mainly due to cardiac events called torsades des pointes preceded by QTc prolongation as well as other safety concerns. This study aimed to evaluate the cardiac, cerebellar and psychomimetic safety of ibogaine in patients with opioid use disorder. A descriptive open-label observational study. Department of psychiatry in a university medical center, the Netherlands. Patients with opioid use disorder (n = 14) on opioid maintenance treatment with a lasting wish for abstinence, who failed to reach abstinence with standard care. After conversion to morphine-sulphate, a single dose of ibogaine-HCl 10 mg/kg was administered and patients were monitored at regular intervals for at least 24 hours assessing QTc, blood pressure and heart rate, scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia (SARA) to assess cerebellar side effects and the delirium observation scale (DOS) to assess psychomimetic effects. The maximum QTc (Fridericia) prolongation was on average 95ms (range 29-146ms). Fifty percent of subjects reached a QTc of over 500ms during the observation period. In six out 14 subjects prolongation above 450ms lasted beyond 24 hours after ingestion of ibogaine. No torsades des pointes were observed. Severe transient ataxia with inability to walk without support was seen in all patients. Withdrawal and psychomimetic effects were mostly well-tolerated and manageable (11/14 did not return to morphine within 24 hours, DOS scores remained below threshold). This open-label observational study found that ibogaine treatment of patients with opioid use disorder can induce a clinically relevant but reversible QTc prolongation, bradycardia, and severe ataxia.