One Word, Many Faces: The Italian Validation of the Multiscale Dissociation Inventory

The Italian version of the Multiscale Dissociation Inventory (MDI-ITA) is a reliable and valid tool for measuring dissociative experiences in Italian-speaking adults. In a sample of 439 participants, the inventory showed strong internal consistency, with Cronbach's alpha above 0.71 for each subscale, and high test-retest reliability (correlation of 0.91). The five-factor structure—Disengagement, Depersonalization/Derealization, Emotional Constriction, Memory Disturbance, and Identity Dissociation—was confirmed. The MDI-ITA correlated well with other dissociation measures and showed weaker correlations with depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic symptoms, supporting its convergent and discriminant validity. This tool can be used in clinical and research settings to assess dissociation comprehensively.

Study at a glance

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study aimed to validate the Italian version of the Multiscale Dissociation Inventory (MDI-ITA) and to assess its psychometric properties in a non-clinical sample. The MDI was translated and culturally adapted following established guidelines. A total of 439 Italian-speaking adults participated in the study and filled out the MDI-ITA and other assessment tools for dissociation depression, anxiety, stress, and post-traumatic symptoms. The internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and construct validity of the MDI-ITA were evaluated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Consistent with previous validation studies, the analyses supported a five-factor structure: Disengagement, Depersonalization/Derealization, Emotional Constriction, Memory Disturbance, and Identity Dissociation. Cronbach’s alpha values for each subscale were all greater than 0.71, demonstrating satisfactory internal consistency. Test–retest reliability was also high, with a correlation of 0.91. Convergent validity was supported by significant positive correlations between MDI-ITA and other dissociation measures. Discriminant validity was indicated by weaker correlations with depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic symptoms. The MDI-ITA is a reliable and valid tool for assessing dissociative phenomena in Italian-speaking populations with potential applications in both clinical and research settings. Its multidimensional structure offers comprehensive insights into dissociation, facilitating the development of targeted interventions for individuals presenting with these symptoms.