Exploring patterns of concurrent substance use, psychedelic dosing and intentions, and childhood trauma in psychedelic use in college aged adults

Among 1395 college-aged individuals (76% female), those who had ever used psychedelics reported lower rates of opioid use than those who had never used them, while rates of other substance use were similar between groups. Lifetime psychedelic use was not linked to reduced trauma symptoms, emotional dysregulation, or psychosocial difficulties after accounting for adverse childhood experiences, but it was associated with higher subjective spirituality. The findings suggest psychedelic use may be tied to lower opioid use without increasing other substance use, and may not improve trauma-related outcomes.

Study at a glance

Abstract

As psychedelic use grows in popularity, it is important to understand usage patterns and clinical outcomes associated with their consumption. This study explored patterns of psychedelic use among college-aged individuals, focusing on dosing behaviors, usage intentions, and the impact of childhood trauma. Using a self-administered online survey, participants reported on their demographics, substance use history, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), emotional dysregulation, trauma symptomatology, psychosocial functioning and subjective spirituality. Overall, 1395 (76% female) respondents completed the survey. Comorbid substance use rates were similar between those with and without a lifetime history of psychedelic use. However, those who reported no previous psychedelic use had a significantly higher frequency of opioid use, despite lower absolute numbers (p=<0.01). After excluding participants with 0 ACEs, lifetime psychedelic use was not significantly associated with decreased trauma symptoms, psychosocial difficulties or emotional dysregulation. The study implies that a lifetime history of psychedelics could be associated with decreased rates of opioid use while not increasing rates of other comorbid substance use compared to individuals with no lifetime history. Additionally, psychedelic usage may not be associated with changes in trauma symptomatology, psychosocial difficulties, or emotional dysregulation, and may be associated with increased subjective spirituality.