Systema Temporis: A time-based dimensional framework for consciousness and cognition.

A hierarchical framework for consciousness is proposed that parallels factorial models of cognition and intelligence. Using temporal extension as a dimension—similar to how psychology organizes memory into short-term, long-term, and long-lasting—the analysis fits memory and time consciousness along the same logarithmic scale for timescales under 100 seconds. Different forms of time consciousness, such as experience, wakefulness, and self-consciousness, are embedded within ascending timescales of memory modes. A second dimension integrates higher-order consciousness and emotion with memory and cognition, aligning with existing theories of cognitive and emotional intelligence.

Study at a glance

Abstract

This study uses a combined categorical-dimensional approach to depict a hierarchical framework for consciousness similar to, and contiguous with, factorial models of cognition (cf., intelligence). On the basis of the longstanding definition of time consciousness, the analysis employs a dimension of temporal extension, in the same manner that psychology has temporally organised memory (i.e., short-term, long-term, and long-lasting memories). By defining temporal extension in terms of the structure of time perception at short timescales (<100 s), memory and time consciousness are proposed to fit along the same logarithmic dimension. This suggests that different forms of time consciousness (e.g., experience, wakefulness, and self-consciousness) are embedded within, or supported by, the ascending timescales of different modes of memory (i.e., short-term, long-term, etc.). A secondary dimension is also proposed to integrate higher-order forms of consciousness/emotion and memory/cognition. The resulting two-dimensional structure accords with existing theories of cognitive and emotional intelligence.