Zebra_K, a kinematic analysis automated platform for assessing sensitivity, habituation and prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response in adult zebrafish.

A new automated platform, Zebra_K, measures the acoustic startle response (ASR), its habituation, and prepulse inhibition (PPI) in adult zebrafish. The ASR in adults shows a single short-latency C-bend similar to larvae. Females had higher responsiveness, lower habituation, and lower PPI than males. The NMDA-receptor antagonist ketamine increased responsiveness, decreased habituation, and abolished PPI. These findings support using adult zebrafish to study environmental effects on ASR plasticity.

Study at a glance

Abstract

The acoustic startle response (ASR) is leaded by a sudden and intense acoustic stimulus. ASR has several forms of plasticity, including habituation and sensorimotor gating. Although ASR and its plasticity have been intensively studied in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae, information in adult zebrafish is still very scarce. In this manuscript we present Zebra_K, a new automated high-content kinematic analysis platform for assessing ASR, its habituation and prepulse inhibition (PPI), a quantitative measure of sensorimotor gating, in adult zebrafish. The analysis of the kinematic parameters of ASR in adult zebrafish has shown a single response wave consistent with the short-latency C-bend described in zebrafish larvae. Moreover, protocols have been designed and validated in Zebra_K for the analysis of sensitivity, habituation and PPI of this response. Then, the effect of the time of day and the gender on zebrafish ASR plasticity has been analyzed for the first time. Females exhibited higher responsiveness and a lower habituation and PPI than males, a result consistent with the gender effect described in other animal models and in humans. This platform has also been used to determine the effect of a pharmacological modulators of ASR plasticity, the NMDA-receptor antagonist ketamine. As described in other animal models, ketamine increased the responsiveness to the acoustic stimuli, decreasing habituation and leading to complete abolition of PPI. These results enhance the interest of using adult zebrafish to assess the potential effect of environmental pollutants on ASR plasticity.