Balancing safety and access in Oregon’s psilocybin services

Oregon's psilocybin services program, established under the Psilocybin Services Act, allows adults over 21 to access psilocybin at licensed service centers with facilitator supervision but without a medical referral or clinical oversight. Analysis of the first full year of Oregon Health Authority data shows reported adverse reactions were relatively uncommon in 2025, though the reporting framework sets a high threshold for reportable events. Access remains limited, with most clients being high-income and from outside Oregon. The program has expanded supervised psilocybin use beyond strictly medical uses, with some clients using services for general wellness and others for depression or anxiety. The authors argue that broad eligibility criteria and supervision requirements may raise safety concerns, especially for clients with clinical symptoms.

Study at a glance

Abstract

As jurisdictions across the U.S. consider enacting policies that facilitate access to psychedelics, they must determine how the desire to expand access to these substances should be weighed against the need to adequately protect safety. Oregon's psilocybin services program offers an important early case study of this balance in practice. Under the Psilocybin Services Act, adults over 21 are permitted to access psilocybin in Oregon at licensed service centers under facilitator supervision, with no referral from a medical practitioner, or clinical supervision, needed. Drawing on the first full year of data published by the Oregon Health Authority, this commentary examines how safety and access are being balanced through Oregon's policy. Reported adverse reactions in 2025 were relatively uncommon: however, Oregon's reporting framework sets a high threshold for reportable events. Access also remains limited, with most clients being of high-income and from outside Oregon. At the same time, the program has expanded supervised psilocybin use beyond strictly medical uses, with a proportion of clients reporting using psilocybin services for general health and wellness. Others report using psilocybin services for more medical-type motivations, such as for depression and anxiety. Overall, we argue that Oregon's broad eligibility criteria and supervision requirements may raise several safety concerns, particularly when clients with clinical symptoms seek services.