Ketamine cystitis following ketamine therapy for treatment-resistant depression – case report

Ketamine, a promising antidepressant for treatment-resistant depression, can cause ulcerative cystitis—a bladder condition with lower urinary tract symptoms and potential kidney damage seen in over 25% of regular recreational users. This condition, known as ketamine-induced cystitis (KIC), had not been reported in therapeutic use until now. A 28-year-old woman developed KIC symptoms after starting ketamine for depression, confirmed by urine tests. Early diagnosis and stopping ketamine can improve symptoms and prevent further harm. This is the first reported case of KIC in a patient receiving treatment-dose ketamine for depression.

Study at a glance

Abstract

Abstract Background Ketamine is a novel and exciting putative antidepressant medication for patients with treatment-resistant depression. A complication commonly seen in frequent and heavy recreational use of ketamine is ulcerative cystitis, which presents with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and upper renal tract damage and can be seen in over 25% of regular users. Although Ketamine-induced cystitis (KIC) is a recognised complication in recreational use of ketamine, its occurrence in therapeutic use of ketamine in depression has so far not been reported. The exact pathogenesis of KIC is currently unknown, making treatment and prevention advice much more difficult. Early diagnosis of KIC and immediate cessation of ketamine has been shown to improve adverse urinary tract symptoms and prevent further damage. Case presentation We present a case of a 28-year-old female who was started on ketamine treatment for depression, and who then developed symptoms of KIC, which was confirmed by urine microscopy, culture and analysis. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of KIC in a patient receiving treatment-dose ketamine as part of their antidepressant therapy.