Psychedelic drug use shows only a weak association with psychosis-like symptoms, largely explained by psychiatric comorbidities and use of other psychoactive substances. In a study of 1,032 adults (701 healthy young adults aged 18–35), psychedelic users had slightly higher schizotypy scores, but the effect was small and not significant after controlling for other drug use. Experimental testing in 39 subjects found that greater lifetime psychedelic exposure was linked to better evidence integration and heightened fear responses to instructed knowledge in a learning task, suggesting possible therapeutic effects on flexibility and aversive learning in non-psychotic populations.
People who have used psychedelics are moderately more likely to endorse alternative facts and to believe that facts are politically influenced, compared with people who have never used them. This association held after accounting for demographics, psychiatric conditions, and other drug use. No link was found between psychedelic use and preferring intuition over evidence when verifying facts. Among other drugs examined, only alcohol showed a negative association with belief in alternative facts. The findings suggest that psychedelic use correlates with non-conformist thinking styles, which may stem from the drugs' psychological effects or from a shared trait predisposing people to unconventional beliefs and illicit substance use.