Social Neuroscience
June 25, 2009
Glenn Dumont, Fred C.g.j. Sweep, R. van der Steen et al.
238 citations
MDMA (ecstasy) causes a strong increase in blood oxytocin levels and enhances feelings of prosociality in healthy people. The changes in prosocial feelings are more closely tied to changes in oxytocin than to changes in MDMA concentration in the blood. This suggests that oxytocin release may be a key mechanism behind the drug's characteristic social effects.
Scientific Reports
May 26, 2016
Johannes G. Ramaekers, J. H. van Wel, Desirée Spronk et al.
81 citations
Acute cannabis intoxication impairs executive function, impulse control, attention, and psychomotor function, and increases subjective intoxication, regardless of how frequently a person uses cannabis. In a study of 122 drug users with cannabis use histories ranging from infrequent to daily, cannabis (300 μg/kg THC) produced these deficits compared to placebo, while cocaine (300 mg) improved psychomotor function and attention but impaired impulse control. The absence of tolerance to cannabis's neurocognitive effects suggests that frequent use and intoxication can interfere with performance in daily environments such as school, work, or traffic.
Psychopharmacology
February 28, 2008
Glenn Dumont, E. Wezenberg, M. M. G. J. Valkenberg et al.
50 citations
Taking MDMA and ethanol together does not worsen the effects of either drug alone. While the impairment caused by each drug condition was relatively moderate, all drug conditions significantly impaired cognitive function.
British Journal of Pharmacology
October 11, 2013
Janelle H. P. van Wel, Kim P. C. Kuypers, Eef L. Theunissen et al.
38 citations
Heavy cannabis users show broad impairments in neuropsychological function during THC intoxication, including reduced psychomotor performance and more errors on impulsivity tasks. These impairments appear less severe in psychomotor tasks than those previously seen in occasional users, suggesting some tolerance. Cocaine temporarily improves psychomotor function and speeds reaction times but increases errors, indicating a trade-off between stimulation and impulse control. The decline in impulse control may increase the risk of repeated drug use and addiction.
European Psychiatry
March 1, 2016
Arnt Schellekens, Toon van Oosteren, Thomas Knuijver et al.
1 citation
Ibogaine, a hallucinogen, reduces drug self-administration in animals, especially within the first 24 hours, but causes motor impairment and cerebral cell loss. In a meta-analysis of 27 animal studies, ibogaine did not affect conditioned place preference. Human data from 15 opiate-dependent patients treated with 10 mg/kg ibogaine are still being collected; initial observations show strong QTc prolongation and ataxia, with relatively mild opiate withdrawal symptoms. Ibogaine may reduce opiate withdrawal but carries risks of transient cardiac and cerebellar toxicity, warranting further systematic studies on its safety and efficacy for treating opiate dependence.