Resting state functional connectivity in the default mode network (DMN) of the human brain is linked to underlying white matter microstructure. Combining diffusion tensor imaging and resting state fMRI in 20 healthy elderly adults aged 56 to 83, the authors found that functional connectivity between the posterior cingulate and hippocampus was associated with white matter integrity in the cingulate bundle and related fiber tracts. A data-driven analysis confirmed a pattern of white matter tracts resembling the hypothesis-driven findings and linked to DMN connectivity. The results support the idea that DMN functional connectivity is grounded in distinct anatomical connections within cerebral white matter.
A low-cost 12-week program combining socioemotional skills training with moderate physical activity reduced depression scores and negative emotions among adults living in Paraisópolis, one of Brazil's largest favelas, during the final period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants in the intervention group showed an average decrease of 3.2 points on the DASS-21 depression scale and a 2.7-point reduction in negative affect on the PANAS scale, while the waiting-list control group showed no such changes. The intervention also lowered systolic blood pressure by an average of 7.0 mmHg in hypertensive or pre-hypertensive participants and improved physical endurance and flexibility. Qualitative interviews indicated the program alleviated anxiety and sadness and boosted physical vitality.