Absolute Oral Bioavailability and Bioequivalence of LSD Base and Tartrate in a Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study.
Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics May 26, 2025 Denis Arikci, Friederike Holze, Lorenz Mueller et al. 6 citations
LSD base and tartrate formulations taken orally are bioequivalent, meaning they produce the same drug levels in the body. The absolute oral bioavailability of LSD is 80%, and all tested oral forms—ethanolic base solution, watery tartrate solution, and rapid-dissolving tablet—show similar pharmacokinetics. Intravenous LSD causes stronger subjective effects like ego dissolution and anxiety compared to oral forms. These findings support interchangeable oral dosing in research and clinical use.