Neuroimaging and consciousness: applications of PET, SPECT, and advanced MRI modalities.
American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging January 1, 2026 Raj N Patel, Shiv Patil, Alexander Gerlach et al.
Advanced neuroimaging studies have examined consciousness across normal waking, sleep, anesthesia, and disorders like seizures or schizophrenia, as well as altered states induced by meditation or psychoactive substances. This review discusses relevant research and highlights limitations and challenges in studying consciousness with PET, SPECT, and advanced MRI modalities.