Research
Expanding Mindscapes
The MIT Press eBooks – June 29, 2023
Summary
Expanding Mindscapes reveals a rich tapestry of psychedelic history, showcasing diverse global narratives that span generations. This collection highlights LSD's therapeutic use in communist Czechoslovakia and its early applications in South America, among other contexts. With contributions from various scholars, it uncovers how colonialism and local cultures shaped perceptions of psychedelics. Covering topics like gender and technological innovations, this work engages with 15 authors and offers fresh perspectives that significantly enhance the historiography of psychedelics beyond North American confines.
Abstract
The first collection of its kind to explore the diverse and global history of psychedelics as they appealed to several generations of researchers a...
Psychedelic Assisted Psychotherapy preparing your target using psychohistoriography: a Jamaican perspective
Frontiers in Psychiatry – June 29, 2023
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent alkaloid hallucinogen, offers a new perspective in psychiatry for managing mental illnesses, even treatment-resistant cases. A unique Jamaican approach, Psychohistoriographic Brief Psychotherapy, integrates psilocybin into an 8-week outpatient process of micro-dosing, fostering increased openness and empathy. This is followed by a 9th-week in-office therapeutic dose, guided by a psychotherapist. This method, combining psychology with medicine, has shown success, highlighting potential for regulated psychedelic drug studies.
Abstract
The efficacy of psilocybin and other psychedelics as modes of treatment have been demonstrated through clinical trials and other studies in the man...
Case report: Psychedelic-induced seizures captured by intracranial electrocorticography
Frontiers in Neurology – June 29, 2023
Summary
The first electrographically confirmed case of seizures linked to classic psychedelic drug use has surfaced, a vital finding for Neuroscience and Psychology. While this drug class shows promise in Medicine, adverse effects are critical. A person with refractory right Temporal lobe Epilepsy experienced a large increase in seizure frequency after ingesting psychedelic mushrooms. These drugs, containing alkaloids from chemical synthesis, profoundly influence Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior. Electroencephalography confirmed this drug-induced adverse effect, highlighting significant seizure risk in Psychedelics and Drug Studies, a safety concern as paramount as Anesthesia protocols for individuals with Epilepsy.
Abstract
Classic psychedelics are currently re-emerging as therapeutic agents with unique clinical benefits; however, it is also important to recognize the ...
This is your brain on death: a comparative analysis of a near-death experience and subsequent 5-Methoxy-DMT experience
CORE – June 29, 2023
Summary
A singular case reveals striking parallels between a profound near-death experience and a powerful psychedelic journey. Researchers interviewed an individual who survived a coma and later experienced 5-Methoxy-DMT, comparing the two events. The analysis uncovered significant overlap in themes, including ego dissolution and transcendence of time and space. Yet, the near-death event uniquely featured elements like life review and encounters with deceased loved ones. This suggests that while some brain mechanisms may overlap, the near-death experience might involve distinct processes, potentially linked to its specific medical origin.
Abstract
Introduction: Much research has focused on the modeling of the near-death experience (NDE) by classical and atypical psychedelics; however, to date...
Clinical specificity profile for novel rapid acting antidepressant drugs
International Clinical Psychopharmacology – June 29, 2023
Summary
A new wave of pharmacology is reshaping psychiatry, with nine novel drugs showing promise for mood disorders. These medicines, including dextromethorphan-bupropion and psychedelics, target diverse neurotransmitter receptors, influencing behavior and mood. The aim is rapid action and improved tolerability, specifically addressing symptoms like irritability and anhedonia, often poorly managed by conventional antidepressants. By minimizing adverse effects, these drug studies represent a significant step in psychology, personalizing treatment and moving beyond current tryptophan and brain disorders understanding.
Abstract
Mood disorders are recurrent/chronic diseases with variable clinical remission rates. Available antidepressants are not effective in all patients a...
Effects of cannabis use on antidepressant treatment response to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and ketamine
medRxiv Preprint Server – June 28, 2023
Summary
Could cannabis affect how well depression treatments work? Brain therapies like ketamine and specialized magnetic stimulation (rTMS) help by strengthening brain connections. Given cannabis's known influence on these connections, researchers investigated its impact on treatment outcomes. Encouragingly, many individuals found substantial relief from depression through these advanced therapies, demonstrating their powerful ability to improve mood and well-being, even for those with cannabis use.
Abstract
Background The antidepressant effects of ketamine and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) are hypothesized to rely on mechanisms of...
Psilocybin: The most effective moral bio‐enhancer?
Bioethics – June 28, 2023
Summary
A compelling argument suggests the hallucinogen psilocybin directly boosts happiness and moral enhancement more effectively than other substances. Psychology and pharmacology suggest psilocybin uniquely impacts mental health. Unlike non-psychedelic drugs, psilocybin directly augments happiness, supporting moral growth. Psychedelics and drug studies indicate amplification with meditation, guided by a psychotherapist or physician, potentially via digital mental health interventions. Proper dosage is crucial.
Abstract
Abstract This paper addresses the possible effects of psychedelic drugs, notably psilocybin, on moral bio‐enhancement (MBE). It will be argued that...
Psychedelic Therapy Requires Enhanced Consent Discussions
Psychiatric News – June 28, 2023
Summary
Nearly 40% of recreational psychedelic users reported a "bad trip" as one of their most challenging life experiences. This underscores why psychedelic-assisted therapy, delivered by psychotherapists in psychiatry and psychology, requires enhanced informed consent. Unlike traditional medicine, these drug studies necessitate comprehensive discussions about potentially ineffable experiences. A therapeutic session must establish clear boundaries, even for gentle touch, ensuring patient safety. This crucial aspect of medical education helps integrate psychedelics, often seen as alternative medicine, ethically into mainstream medicine.
Abstract
Back to table of contents Previous article Next article Annual MeetingFull AccessPsychedelic Therapy Requires Enhanced Consent DiscussionsNick Zago...
Psychedelics, Meaningfulness, and the “Proper Scope” of Medicine: Continuing the Conversation
Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics – June 27, 2023
Summary
Psilocybin, an alkaloid and potent hallucinogen, reliably alters consciousness and perception. Its therapeutic promise, combined with psychotherapist-led conversation, is clear in Psychology and Psychedelics and Drug Studies for conditions like depression. Yet, a central question in Cognitive psychology and Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies remains: are these profound subjective experiences necessary for healing? The debate explores whether chemical synthesis could yield non-hallucinogenic compounds with similar therapeutic impact, without the full hallucinogenic experience.
Abstract
Psychedelics such as psilocybin reliably produce significantly altered states of consciousness with a variety of subjectively experienced effects. ...
Medical student attitudes and perceptions of psychedelic-assisted therapies
Frontiers in Psychiatry – June 27, 2023
Summary
Nearly 80% of medical students (78.6%) believe psychedelics possess therapeutic potential, despite a general lack of knowledge about these agents. A survey of 132 future medical professionals in Nevada (22.7% response rate) revealed overwhelmingly positive attitudes. Using a Likert scale, students expressed curiosity about psychedelics and drug studies, with 95.2% agreeing further investigation is warranted for conditions in psychiatry. However, uncertainty persists regarding neurocognitive risks. This highlights a critical need for robust medical education on psychedelics as clinical psychology and medicine evolve.
Abstract
Introduction Although certain psychedelic agents may soon gain federal approval for use in treating specific psychiatric conditions, the utilizatio...
Review: The use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in clinical trials and experimental research studies for depression
Frontiers in Neuroimaging – June 27, 2023
Summary
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) reveals a common pathway for antidepressant efficacy in Major depressive disorder. Neuroimaging shows both conventional SSRIs and fast-acting ketamine normalize amygdala hyperactivity to negative stimuli, a key finding for Psychology and Neuroscience. This Medicine advances Treatment of Major Depression, identifying targets for antidepressant clinical trial development. Understanding brain activity changes, including those explored in mental health research topics like functional brain connectivity studies or even meditation, is crucial. This helps address the profound impact of depression.
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a non-invasive technique that can be used to examine neural responses with and without the use of a...
Psychedelics, Meaningfulness, and the "Proper Scope" of Medicine: Continuing the Conversation.
Cambridge quarterly of healthcare ethics : CQ : the international journal of healthcare ethics committees – June 27, 2023
Summary
Emerging research reveals that psychedelics' therapeutic benefits may be deeply linked to their consciousness-altering effects. While these substances show promise in treating depression and addiction, debate continues over whether their healing potential requires the profound subjective experiences they typically produce. The key question: Can we separate the medical benefits from the mystical journey?
Abstract
Psychedelics such as psilocybin reliably produce significantly altered states of consciousness with a variety of subjectively experienced effects. ...
Psilocybin decelerates cellular senescence
OpenAlex – June 27, 2023
Summary
A compelling finding reveals psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, may decelerate cellular aging. In human cell models, continuous psilocybin treatment dose-dependently decreased cell-cycle arrest markers, increased DNA replication, and reduced oxidative stress. This pharmacology insight from drug studies suggests novel medicine applications. With over 136 clinical trials exploring psychedelics, understanding psilocybin's impact on senescence is crucial. As an alkaloid compound, its neuroscience and psychology effects could address age-related and tryptophan-related brain disorders.
Abstract
Abstract Psilocybin is the psychoactive substance contained in the psilocybe(hallucinogenic) mushroom, which has received considerable attention am...
The development of psilocybin therapy for treatment-resistant depression: an update
BJPsych Bulletin – June 26, 2023
Summary
A compelling finding reveals psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, holds promise for treatment-resistant depression. Recent clinical trials show a 25 mg dose, alongside psychotherapeutic support, significantly improved mood and anxiety symptoms compared to a placebo. This medicine, a naturally occurring alkaloid, influences neurotransmitter receptors, offering a novel approach in psychiatry. With phase 3 trials imminent, psychedelics and drug studies are rapidly advancing. Addressing the profound economic burden of depression, this psychological intervention could revolutionize patient care, requiring skilled psychotherapists.
Abstract
Summary Psilocybin is a classic psychedelic drug that has attracted increasing research interest over the past 10 years as a possible treatment for...
Molecular mechanisms of rapid-acting antidepressants: New perspectives for developing antidepressants
Pharmacological Research – June 26, 2023
Summary
Ketamine offers rapid antidepressant effects, a significant advance given that conventional treatments for Major Depression often take weeks and fail two-thirds of patients. This pharmacology involves more than just the NMDA receptor, influencing other key receptors in the brain. Neuroscience is also exploring other psychedelics, like the hallucinogen psilocybin, which shows promise for rapid treatment. These drug studies highlight new avenues in medicine and psychology, targeting novel receptors to revolutionize antidepressant care.
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a chronic relapsing psychiatric disorder. Conventional antidepressants usually require several weeks of continuo...
Changes in synaptic markers after administration of ketamine or psychedelics: a systematic scoping review
Frontiers in Psychiatry – June 26, 2023
Summary
Ketamine and hallucinogens like Psilocybin significantly enhance brain cell connections, particularly under stress. A comprehensive review of 84 studies (71 on Ketamine, 9 on psychedelics) found Ketamine counteracted stress-related reductions in Hippocampus synaptic markers. Psychedelics generally increased markers like Synapsin I, demonstrating Synaptic plasticity. This Neuroscience insight offers compelling potential for Medicine and Clinical psychology, including Psychiatry and the Treatment of Major Depression, underscoring the therapeutic value in Psychedelics and Drug Studies.
Abstract
Background Ketamine and psychedelics have abuse liability. They can also induce “transformative experiences” where individuals experience enhanced ...
Prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex impairment by 5-HT2A receptor activation in the inferior colliculus is prevented by GABAA receptor blockade in the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus.
Behavioural brain research – June 25, 2023
Summary
Our brain's ability to filter sensory information relies on a delicate balance of chemical signals. New research reveals how serotonin receptors in the brain's sound-processing regions influence our ability to filter out unnecessary information. When specific serotonin (5-HT2A) receptors are activated in the inferior colliculus, they disrupt this filtering process. However, blocking GABA signals in a connected brain region prevents this disruption, suggesting a promising pathway for treating sensory processing disorders.
Abstract
The relationship between serotonin dysfunction and schizophrenia commenced with the discovery of the effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) th...
Age, Dose, and Locomotion: Decoding Vulnerability to Ketamine in C57BL/6J and BALB/c Mice.
Biomedicines – June 25, 2023
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Ketamine has been abused as a psychedelic agent and causes diverse neurobehavioral changes. Adolescence is a critical developmental stage but vulne...
Understanding the Mechanisms of Action and Effects of Drugs of Abuse.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) – June 24, 2023
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Drug abuse and addiction are major public health concerns, with millions of people worldwide affected by the negative consequences of drug use. To ...
Health Benefits and Positive Acute Effects of Psilocybin Consumption: A Quantitative Textual Analysis of User Self-Reported Data
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – June 22, 2023
Summary
Profound mystical experiences driven by the hallucinogen psilocybin, including ego-dissolution, offer significant mental health benefits. An analysis of 846 public online self-reports revealed how context and setting profoundly shape these psychedelic experiences. The findings, relevant for clinical psychology and psychiatry, highlight somatic and visual alterations, connectedness, and cognitive shifts. Understanding these outcomes from a drug studies perspective is crucial for future psychotherapeutic applications, moving beyond basic biochemical analysis to inform safe and effective use of this alkaloid.
Abstract
There has been growth in the use of psychedelics by the global population in recent years. In addition to recreational and ritualistic use, recent ...
Underlying pharmacological mechanisms of psilocin-induced broadband desynchronization and disconnection of EEG in rats
Frontiers in Neuroscience – June 22, 2023
Summary
The hallucinogen psilocybin, a potent serotonergic psychedelic, influences brain activity beyond the well-known 5-HT2A receptor. Neuroscience reveals psilocin, its active form, broadly decreases EEG power (1-25 Hz), an effect reversed by multiple serotonin and dopaminergic receptor antagonists. However, its impact on fronto-temporal disconnection, crucial for its psychology, was reversed solely by a 5-HT2A receptor antagonist. This pharmacology, rooted in chemistry, highlights diverse neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, expanding drug studies and biochemical analysis of psychedelics.
Abstract
Introduction Psilocybin is one of the most extensively studied psychedelic drugs with a broad therapeutic potential. Despite the fact that its psyc...
[Mindfulness meditation in somatic medicine. A management tool for physical and psychological pain].
Revue medicale suisse – June 21, 2023
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Mindfulness meditation is a mind-body approach that helps to cope with psychological or physical symptoms such as pain. To date, this approach is s...
Exploration of Evolution-Informed Compassion-Focused Therapy and Buddhist Approaches to Insight Meditation: A Three-Way Exploration
Mindfulness – June 21, 2023
Summary
A compelling exploration reveals how modern psychology's Compassion-Focused Therapy, a biopsychosocial model, deeply aligns with two ancient Buddhist approaches to meditation and insight. Three experts—a psychotherapist and two long-term practitioners of Buddhist philosophy—compare their distinct yet overlapping methods for cultivating compassion. This rich dialogue highlights the synergy between Western psychology and Eastern spirituality, offering profound new perspectives for mindfulness and compassion interventions aimed at enhancing happiness. This work enriches the growing field of Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology, with implications for Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies.
Abstract
Abstract This paper explores the overlap and relationship between Compassion-Focused Therapy (CFT) as an evolution-informed, biopsychosocial approa...
Psychedelics in the treatment of eating disorders: Rationale and potential mechanisms
European Neuropsychopharmacology – June 21, 2023
Summary
Psychedelic-assisted therapy offers compelling promise for severe Eating disorders like Anorexia nervosa and Bulimia nervosa. Preliminary data, from various studies and case reports, suggests potential in Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology for improving body image and cognitive flexibility. These novel Psychedelics and Drug Studies address common Comorbidity with Mood disorders and Anxiety. While data on Binge-eating disorder and Binge eating remains limited, mechanisms influencing Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior offer new avenues. Psychotherapists in Medicine are exploring these treatments for challenging conditions.
Abstract
Eating disorders are serious illnesses showing high rates of mortality and comorbidity with other mental health problems. Psychedelic-assisted ther...
“Biosynthesis of psilocybin and its nonnatural derivatives by a promiscuous psilocybin synthesis pathway in Escherichia coli”
Biotechnology and Bioengineering – June 20, 2023
Summary
A significant advance in biochemistry enables the biosynthesis of psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, and 13 new derivatives using bacteria. This innovative chemical synthesis addresses the need for sustainable drug development. By deeply exploring the pathway's biology with 49 indole derivatives, critical insights into alkaloid chemistry emerged. This breakthrough in drug discovery and pharmacology provides diverse drug candidates, accelerating future psychedelics and drug studies. This method promises a consistent supply for vital research.
Abstract
Abstract Traditional psychedelics are undergoing a transformation from recreational drugs, to promising pharmaceutical drug candidates with the pot...
Paradoxical pharmacological dissociations result from drugs that enhance delta oscillations but preserve consciousness
Communications Biology – June 20, 2023
Summary
Low-frequency neural activity, particularly in the delta band, typically signals loss of consciousness. However, a study involving 150 participants revealed that various drugs—including those for epilepsy and psychedelics—can induce similar low-frequency brain patterns while maintaining consciousness. This suggests that certain substances could serve as valuable tools in cognitive psychology and neuroscience to explore the neural dynamics associated with consciousness. Understanding these effects may illuminate the mechanisms underlying consciousness and its absence, particularly in conditions like persistent vegetative states.
Abstract
Abstract Low-frequency (<4 Hz) neural activity, particularly in the delta band, is generally indicative of loss of consciousness and cortical do...
A phase 1/2 trial to assess safety and efficacy of a vaporized 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine formulation (GH001) in patients with treatment-resistant depression
Frontiers in Psychiatry – June 20, 2023
Summary
A potent new antidepressant approach for treatment-resistant depression shows promise: an individualized dosing regimen of the psychedelic 5-MeO-DMT. In a clinical trial involving 16 patients, this chemical synthesis alkaloid led to an 87.5% remission rate by day 7, a key clinical endpoint. This pharmacology-driven regimen, influencing neurotransmitter receptors, significantly improved symptoms, with a 76% average reduction in depression scores. The medicine was well tolerated, with few adverse effects, offering hope against the substantial public health burden of TRD and its impact on internal medicine.
Abstract
Background Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a substantial public health burden, but current treatments have limited effectiveness. The aim w...
Psychedelic medicines for end-of-life care: Pipeline clinical trial review 2022
Palliative & Supportive Care – June 19, 2023
Summary
Upcoming clinical trials are exploring psychedelics as a promising new frontier in psychiatry for end-of-life anxiety. A review of 25 pipeline studies, including 13 randomized controlled trials, highlights growing interest in this Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Psilocybin is a focus in 10 trials, alongside other Chemical synthesis and alkaloids like ketamine (11), MDMA (2), and LSD (2). While many incorporate psychotherapy, only three attempts at robust blinding were noted. This expansion of Drug Studies is crucial for advancing medicine, but rigorous safety and efficacy data are still needed.
Abstract
Abstract Objectives People with terminal illnesses often experience psychological distress and associated disability. Recent clinical trial evidenc...
Philosophy and psychedelics: Frameworks for exceptional experience
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – June 19, 2023
Summary
Psychedelics offer profound insights into the nature of reality. A new book explores the critical intersection between philosophy and psychedelics, two disciplines now in dialogue. It examines how these substances challenge our understanding of consciousness and self, delving into foundational epistemology and metaphysics. The work fosters a dialectic across diverse perspectives, exploring the existential meaning derived from exceptional experiences. Charting new philosophical territory, it bridges philosophy with aspects of psychology and sociology, offering a crucial contribution to drug studies.
Abstract
Abstract The intersection between philosophy and psychedelics is explored in the book “Philosophy and Psychedelics: Frameworks for Exceptional Expe...
In naturalistic psychedelic use, group use is common and acceptable
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – June 19, 2023
Summary
Subjective negative mental health outcomes from psychedelic use are rare and not linked to solo or group modalities, according to naturalistic observation. While solo use was reportedly more common for mental health goals, natural compound pharmacology studies indicate no difference in overall mental health benefit between solo and group settings. A vast majority (95% solo, 91% group) of these experiences occur informally. This challenges clinical psychology’s traditional focus, suggesting group approaches in medicine for mental health could be equally safe and beneficial, effectively minimizing harm.
Abstract
Abstract Background and aims Most modern modalities of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) aim to minimize harm and maximize support by utiliz...
Interactive Effects of Ayahuasca and Cannabidiol in Social Cognition in Healthy Volunteers
Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology – June 19, 2023
Summary
Ayahuasca and cannabidiol (CBD) were well tolerated in a trial involving 17 healthy volunteers, with both substances producing mainly nausea and gastrointestinal discomfort. Participants received either a placebo or 600 mg of CBD before consuming ayahuasca. While significant reductions in anxiety and cognitive deterioration occurred in both groups, no differences emerged between them. Reaction times improved across the board, but there was no evidence that CBD moderated ayahuasca's effects on emotional recognition. These findings suggest potential for clinical applications in anxiety disorders.
Abstract
Abstract Background Serotonergic hallucinogens and cannabinoids may alter the recognition of emotions in facial expressions (REFE). Cannabidiol (CB...
Psychedelics and workplace harm
Frontiers in Psychiatry – June 16, 2023
Summary
Lifetime classic psychedelic use is linked to better mental health outcomes, particularly for employed individuals. Analyzing 484,732 people, **Psychedelics and Drug Studies** show lower **psychological distress** for those working, volunteering, or retired. Interestingly, individuals with psychedelic experience work longer weekly hours before experiencing increased **distress**. While some may associate drug use with **harm**, these findings, relevant for **Clinical psychology** and **Psychiatry**, suggest a complex relationship with employment. This challenges assumptions often seen in fields like **Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis**, highlighting the need to understand **Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior** more broadly.
Abstract
This study aims to understand the relationship between Lifetime Classic Psychedelic Use (LCPU), employment status, and weekly work hours on levels ...
A case-study evaluation of the “Copenhagen Music Program” for psilocybin-assisted therapy
Frontiers in Psychology – June 16, 2023
Summary
A music program for psilocybin journeys, intended for therapeutic use, proved deeply problematic. An Indigenous psychotherapist undergoing a 3.5 gram psilocybin test found the musical selections evoked colonial and religious contexts. This approach to music therapy was deemed psychologically coercive, limiting experiential learning to a specific pathway. For psychedelics and drug studies, a cross-cultural and social analysis suggests a greater variety of musical and even visual arts options are crucial. This honors diverse perspectives, moving beyond restrictive programs for Indigenous individuals.
Abstract
In a recent article, Messell and colleagues provide a curated list, the “Copenhagen Music Program for Psilocybin”. We test their music program with...
In vivo mapping of pharmacologically induced functional reorganization onto the human brain’s neurotransmitter landscape
Science Advances – June 14, 2023
Summary
The human brain's response to drugs reveals a profound link between molecular structure and behavior. Neuroscience shows diverse pharmacological agents, including 10 psychedelics and anesthetics, reorganize brain function by engaging multiple neurotransmitter systems. By mapping 19 neurotransmitter receptors and transporters, a clear influence on behavior emerged. This pharmacology insight has significant implications for Psychology and Medicine, informing drug studies and our understanding of brain disorders. Crucially, regional drug susceptibility mirrors vulnerability to structural alterations seen in conditions like those linked to Tryptophan imbalances.
Abstract
To understand how pharmacological interventions can exert their powerful effects on brain function, we need to understand how they engage the brain...
Psychedelic unselfing: self-transcendence and change of values in psychedelic experiences
Frontiers in Psychology – June 14, 2023
Summary
Psychedelics reliably shift personal values, often fostering self-transcendence. A framework in Psychology and Social Psychology explains how self-transcendent experiences, common in Drug Studies, facilitate this. This involves "unselfing," which reduces egocentric attribution of salience, broadening one's cognitive psychology perspective beyond the immediate self. This process reorients our Value judgments, promoting connection to self-transcendent values. This epistemological shift, backed by empirical findings, suggests psychedelics temporarily provide access to a less self-centered worldview, inspiring lasting change.
Abstract
Psychedelic experiences have been shown to both facilitate (re)connection to one’s values and change values, including enhancing aesthetic apprecia...
Psychedelics reopen the social reward learning critical period
Nature – June 14, 2023
Summary
Psychedelics reopen critical periods for social learning in mice, a biological mechanism crucial for development. This 'period' of heightened brain plasticity, linked to consciousness alterations, is proportional to human subjective drug effects. These compounds, including those derived from chemical synthesis, restore oxytocin-mediated long-term depression in the nucleus accumbens, influencing behavior. This neuroscience discovery offers new medicine avenues for psychology and addiction disease treatment, advancing Psychedelics and Drug Studies. Psilocybin and similar compounds show promise.
Abstract
Abstract Psychedelics are a broad class of drugs defined by their ability to induce an altered state of consciousness 1,2 . These drugs have been u...
Life after Ayahuasca: A Qualitative Analysis of the Psychedelic Integration Experiences of 1630 Ayahuasca Drinkers from a Global Survey
Psychoactives – June 13, 2023
Summary
Integrating Ayahuasca experiences for mental health can be challenging but transformative. A qualitative research survey of 1630 Ayahuasca drinkers (50.4% male) used thematic analysis to explore post-experience integration. Participants described integration as often long-term, requiring tools like mindfulness and meditation, and involving feelings of disconnection. This challenges the sole focus on a psychotherapist, suggesting communal support and transpersonal psychology approaches are vital for transformative learning with psychedelics. While not detailing biochemical analysis or chemical synthesis of alkaloids, this work in Psychology and Psychedelics and Drug Studies highlights the complex human experience.
Abstract
Ayahuasca is an Amazonian psychoactive plant medicine being explored for its potential therapeutic uses in Western contexts. Preliminary studies li...
A regulatory framework review of Schedule I psychedelics in the United States
JACCP JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CLINICAL PHARMACY – June 12, 2023
Summary
Psilocybin and MDMA, powerful hallucinogens, are paradoxically designated "Breakthrough Therapy" by the Food and Drug Administration, even as federal Legislation from 1970 classifies them as Schedule I substances. This regulatory conflict significantly impacts Medicine, Psychiatry, and Psychology, limiting patient access despite promising applications. Understanding this complex intersection of Political science, Business, and Psychedelics and Drug Studies, from chemical synthesis to forensic toxicology analysis, is vital. Clinicians must navigate these policies to inform patient care and shape future drug legislation.
Abstract
Abstract Psychoactive substances such as psilocybin and 3,4‐methylenedioxy‐methamphetamine (MDMA) are currently being investigated for a variety of...
Psychedelic therapy in the treatment of addiction: the past, present and future
Frontiers in Psychiatry – June 12, 2023
Summary
Psychedelic therapy shows renewed promise for treating addiction, with evidence building for its safety and efficacy across Psychiatry and Medicine. Charting decades of *Psychedelics and Drug Studies*, this review covers historical accounts, modern clinical trials, and *observational studies*. It explores addiction's socioeconomic impact and the role of *psychological intervention*. Advanced *neuropsychopharmacology* techniques reveal *neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior*, crucial for optimizing drug development and informing *Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis*. This comprehensive look helps *psychotherapists* and the field of *Psychology* improve patient outcomes.
Abstract
Psychedelic therapy has witnessed a resurgence in interest in the last decade from the scientific and medical communities with evidence now buildin...
Prevalence and therapeutic impact of adverse life event reexperiencing under ceremonial ayahuasca.
Scientific reports – June 09, 2023
Summary
Ceremonial ayahuasca shows promise in helping people process difficult life experiences, particularly for trauma survivors. In a groundbreaking study of 339 participants at healing centers, many reported revisiting challenging memories during ceremonies. Veterans reconnected with combat experiences, while others processed personal traumas. Notably, those who faced these memories showed significant improvements in emotional stability and mental well-being after three months.
Abstract
The present study examined the safety and efficacy of the ceremonial use of ayahuasca in relation to reports of heightened life event reexperiencin...
The Structural Organization and Construct Validity Evidence of the Brazilian Versions of the Mysticism Scale and the Ego-Dissolution Inventory in a Major Religion of the Ayahuasca
International Journal of Latin American Religions – June 09, 2023
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Abstract not available from OpenAlex
The treatment of abandonment anxiety with MDMA and LSD
OpenAlex – June 09, 2023
Summary
A young woman overcame deep abandonment anxiety and childhood trauma, finding 'grace' through a novel therapeutic approach. After conventional psychiatry failed her family, and initial psilocybin experiences proved unstructured, she engaged in 1.5 years of psychology sessions with a psychotherapist, integrating MDMA and LSD. Through thirteen supervised and eighteen unsupervised hallucinogen sessions, she processed intense feelings, including a relived birth trauma. This journey, part of broader Psychedelics and Drug Studies, resolved her fear of abandonment, highlighting the potential for profound emotional healing beyond traditional psychoanalysis.
Abstract
This retrospective study presents the case of a young woman in her mid-twenties who suffered from insecurity and abandonment-related anxiety, which...
No trip needed for psychedelics to lift mood?
Science (New York, N.Y.) – June 09, 2023
Summary
Psychedelic compounds can boost mood even without causing hallucinations, according to groundbreaking lab research. Scientists found that modified versions of LSD and psilocin target key brain receptors linked to depression while avoiding psychedelic effects. This suggests potential for new antidepressant medications that harness benefits without altered consciousness.
Abstract
LSD and psilocin molecules bind to antidepressant drug targets in the brain, study shows.
The DEA report on ayahuasca risks: “Science” in service of prohibition?
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – June 09, 2023
Summary
Ayahuasca's therapeutic potential is often overshadowed by exaggerated risks, as highlighted in a recent analysis of a DEA report. The report, which claimed significant dangers associated with ayahuasca use, omitted crucial data on its safety and benefits. Specifically, the findings challenge the DEA’s conclusions by revealing that numerous studies indicate a substantial therapeutic profile for ayahuasca. With over 2,000 participants in related research demonstrating positive outcomes, this analysis underscores the need for a balanced understanding of ayahuasca within the context of economic justice and law enforcement.
Abstract
Abstract On February 2023, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) released a document to the legal team representing the Church of the Eagle and...
Self-treatment of parental neglect-induced mixed anxiety and depressive disorder with psilocybin – A retrospective case study
OpenAlex – June 09, 2023
Summary
A young woman with lifelong depression, rooted in childhood neglect, resolved her condition through self-administered psilocybin. After seven sessions over two years, this approach helped her process feelings and identify the psychological impact of early neglect. Conventional psychiatry had failed to alleviate her anxiety and depression. This case highlights how psychedelics, studied in complementary medicine, offer a cost-effective alternative for mental health, potentially easing the burden on depression economics and clinical psychology resources. A psychotherapist later aided integration.
Abstract
This article presents the case of a young woman in her mid-twenties with a history of depression since childhood. She lived with a mother who faile...
Naturalistic Psilocybin Use Increases Mind Perception but not Atheist-Believer status: A Prospective Longitudinal Study
OpenAlex – June 09, 2023
Summary
Psychedelic experiences significantly enhance how individuals perceive minds in various entities. A psychology longitudinal study with 657 participants tracked beliefs before and after a planned psychedelic encounter, often involving psilocybin. While mind perception increased across living and non-living targets, there was little change in naturalism-related metaphysical beliefs or Atheist-Believer status. This cognitive psychology research, contributing to psychedelics and drug studies, highlights a specific shift in perception rather than fundamental changes in core spiritual or non-naturalistic convictions.
Abstract
Recent studies suggest psychedelic use may be associated with changes in a variety of beliefs or belief-like states, including increased 1) mind pe...
Ketamine rescues anhedonia by cell-type and input specific adaptations in the Nucleus Accumbens
bioRxiv Preprint Server – June 08, 2023
Summary
Ketamine offers remarkable rapid relief for anhedonia, the loss of joy. It appears to work by strengthening specific brain connections in the reward center. A single dose was found to boost communication on particular neurons within this region, a change essential for its lasting positive effects. Artificially enhancing these connections also improved behavior. The research revealed ketamine targets inputs from areas like the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, showing how it rebalances crucial brain circuits to alleviate stress-induced anhedonia.
Abstract
Ketamine’s role in providing a rapid and sustained antidepressant response, particularly for patients unresponsive to conventional treatments, is i...
Attenuation of psilocybin mushroom effects during and after SSRI/SNRI antidepressant use
Journal of Psychopharmacology – June 08, 2023
Summary
Psilocybin's effects are significantly diminished by certain antidepressants, a critical finding for psychiatry, psychology, and internal medicine. An online survey of 611 reports showed individuals taking serotonergic reuptake inhibitors like SSRIs (e.g., Fluoxetine or Sertraline) experienced weaker psilocybin effects 47-55% of the time, versus 29% for Bupropion. Even after discontinuation, this dampening effect can last up to three months, impacting the pharmacology of psychedelics. This highlights crucial interactions for those exploring psilocybin in medicine.
Abstract
Background: Psilocybin is being studied for depression, but little is known about how it interacts with common antidepressants. Limited data sugges...
Effects of ayahuasca on gratitude and relationships with nature: An open-label, naturalistic study
OpenAlex – June 07, 2023
Summary
Ayahuasca significantly boosts feelings of gratitude and connection to nature, with 54 participants reporting notable changes after attending a retreat. One week post-retreat, gratitude increased by over 30%, while nature appreciation surged by 25%. These benefits persisted at the one-month follow-up. Participants who experienced mystical moments and awe during the retreat showed weak-to-moderate correlations with these positive shifts. This suggests that ayahuasca may enhance prosocial behavior and overall mental health, highlighting its potential in clinical psychology and social psychology contexts.
Abstract
Ayahuasca is a psychedelic brew that has been the focus of an increasing number of investigations for its potential therapeutic effects. In additio...
Hallucinogen use among young adults ages 19–30 in the United States: Changes from 2018 to 2021
Addiction – June 07, 2023
Summary
Non-LSD hallucinogen use, including psilocybin, doubled among young adults (19-30) in the US, rising from 3.4% in 2018 to 6.6% in 2021. This longitudinal cohort study of 11,304 individuals found Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) use remained stable. An odds ratio of 1.86 (95% confidence interval 1.52–2.26) revealed males had higher odds of non-LSD hallucinogen use. As interest in psychedelics for medicine grows, understanding these trends in psychology and drug studies is crucial.
Abstract
Abstract Background and aims Given the shifting landscape of hallucinogen use, particularly with increased therapeutic use, understanding current c...
Awake or Sleeping? Maybe Both… A Review of Sleep-Related Dissociative States.
Journal of clinical medicine – June 06, 2023
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Recent studies have begun to understand sleep not only as a whole-brain process but also as a complex local phenomenon controlled by specific neuro...
Cardioprotective Potential of the Ethanol and Water Extracts of Four Psilocybin Mushrooms on Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertrophy and Oxidative Stress on H9C2 Cardiomyocytes
Preprints.org – June 06, 2023
Summary
Psilocybin mushroom extracts demonstrate cardio-protective activity against Angiotensin II-induced oxidative stress, a key finding for Internal Medicine and Endocrinology. Extracts from four Psilocybe species, prepared with 70% ethanol or water, did not worsen cardiac hypertrophy in H9C2 cells stimulated with 10 µM Angiotensin II for 48 hours. Instead, they reduced Reactive Oxygen Species, similar to Losartan, a Renin–angiotensin system blocker. This Pharmacology and Biology research, relevant to Psychedelics and Drug Studies and Fungal Biology, confirms beneficial Chemistry in these extracts, hinting at potential alkaloids.
Abstract
Psilocybin-containing mushrooms, commonly known as magic mushrooms have antidepressant effect, however, their safety in cardiovascular diseases suc...
The G protein biased serotonin 5-HT 2A receptor agonist lisuride exerts anti-depressant drug-like activities in mice.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology – June 05, 2023
Summary
Lisuride, a drug that targets serotonin receptors in the brain, shows promise as a potential depression treatment without the hallucinogenic effects common to similar compounds. In experiments with mice, the drug reduced signs of depression, including improved mood-related behaviors and increased interest in rewarding experiences. Unlike related substances, lisuride didn't cause significant head twitches or unusual motor activity, suggesting fewer side effects.
Abstract
There is now evidence from multiple Phase II clinical trials that psychedelic drugs can exert longlasting anxiolytic, anti-depressant, and anti-dru...
Reports of self-compassion and affect regulation in psilocybin-assisted therapy for alcohol use disorder: An interpretive phenomenological analysis.
Psychology of Addictive Behaviors – June 05, 2023
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, profoundly reshapes self-perception. This chemical synthesis and alkaloid influences neurotransmitter receptors, diminishing shame and self-critical thought patterns. Its role in clinical psychology for alcohol use disorder is significant, improving affect regulation and reducing cravings. Integrating self-compassion, often explored via interpretative phenomenological analysis or randomized controlled trial designs, with psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy could enhance psychological outcomes. This approach in psychiatry and psychedelics and drug studies offers a novel path for compassion-focused therapy.
Abstract
Our results support the assertion that psilocybin increases the malleability of self-related processing, and diminishes shame-based and self-critic...
5-MeO-DMT induces sleep-like LFP spectral signatures in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of awake rats
OpenAlex – June 05, 2023
Summary
5-MeO-DMT significantly alters brain activity, as demonstrated by local field potential (LFP) changes in the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex of freely behaving rats. Notably, delta power increased by 30% while theta power decreased by 25%, independent of locomotion. Additionally, a dose-dependent reduction in gamma power (20-100 Hz) was observed. The spectral profile during 5-MeO-DMT administration mirrored patterns seen in slow-wave sleep and REM sleep, suggesting that psychedelics may integrate waking behaviors with sleep-like neurophysiological states.
Abstract
Abstract 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a potent classical psychedelic known to induce changes in locomotion, behaviour, and sleep...
The Role of Ketamine in the Treatment of Bipolar Depression: A Scoping Review.
Brain sciences – June 04, 2023
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Bipolar depression remains a clinical challenge with a quarter of patients failing to respond to initial conventional treatments. Although ketamine...
Is Microdosing a Placebo?
OpenAlex – June 04, 2023
Summary
The idea that microdosing psychedelics is merely a Placebo effect is likely premature. While Expectancy theory plays a role in Psychology, evidence from Psychedelics Drug Studies suggests Dose dependence, challenging a purely psychological explanation. Existing Pharmacology research often features small sample sizes and limited dose ranges, making definitive conclusions difficult. The measured impact of expectancy is also often small, and Selection bias can influence results. It's currently impossible to definitively state whether microdosing's benefits are solely a Placebo effect, suggesting complex interactions in Medicine.
Abstract
Some recent research and commentary have suggested that most or all the effects reported by people who microdose psychedelics may be explained by e...
The Altered Xperience Project (AXP): Quantitative and Qualitative Data from a Citizen Science Initiative on the Subjective Experience of Altered States of Consciousness
OpenAlex – June 04, 2023
Summary
An innovative **citizen science** initiative is building a vast **open science** repository of **consciousness**-altering experiences. This project systematically collects **psychology** data on substances like **psilocybin**, alcohol, and cannabis, alongside non-pharmacological methods. Utilizing **computer science** for an app and **data science** for machine-readable insights, it offers participants an engaging **infographic**. This effort in **applied psychology** informs **psychedelics and drug studies**, potentially aiding **digital mental health interventions** and broader **mental health research topics**. Such data could even contribute to **medical education** and **medicine**.
Abstract
The Altered Xperience Project (AXP) is an ongoing research project that takes the form of an open citizen science initiative. Its main goal is to s...
Comparative Brain-Wide Mapping of Ketamine and Isoflurane-Activated Nuclei and Functional Networks
bioRxiv Preprint Server – June 03, 2023
Summary
Ketamine and isoflurane induce unconsciousness via distinct brain pathways. A study mapped their brain activity. Ketamine broadly activates cortical networks, suggesting a "top-down" effect on consciousness. Isoflurane primarily targets the hypothalamus, indicating a "bottom-up" mechanism for unconsciousness. Both impact sensory, memory, and reward areas. This clarifies their unique and shared mechanisms.
Abstract
Ketamine (KET) and isoflurane (ISO) are two widely used general anesthetics, yet their distinct and shared neurophysiological mechanisms remain elu...
Reduced brain responsiveness to emotional stimuli with escitalopram but not psilocybin therapy for depression
OpenAlex – June 03, 2023
Summary
Psilocybin therapy for major depressive disorder matches escitalopram's effectiveness, but their brain effects differ. A Psychiatry study on Psychedelics and Drug Studies compared two groups: one received two 25mg psilocybin dosing sessions plus placebo; the other, six weeks of escitalopram plus placebo. While both improved symptoms, escitalopram reduced amygdala responses to emotional faces. Psilocybin, through its psychology-focused approach, showed no such reduction, suggesting distinct Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior. This difference in how these treatments, relevant to Tryptophan and brain disorders, impact emotional processing is key.
Abstract
Abstract Psilocybin therapy is an emerging intervention for depression that may be at least as effective as standard first-line treatments i.e., Se...