4971 results for "Psychedelics"
Transcriptome Fingerprints Distinguish Hallucinogenic and Nonhallucinogenic 5-Hydroxytryptamine 2A Receptor Agonist Effects in Mouse Somatosensory Cortex
Journal of Neuroscience – October 01, 2003
Summary
Hallucinogens like Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) induce distinct brain responses. Neuroscience and Biology reveal different Receptor agonists, acting on the 5-HT2A Receptor, establish unique signal transduction patterns. A Pharmacology and Cell biology transcriptome assay showed distinct fingerprints in human embryonic kidney 293 cells. In mice, LSD stimulated a head-twitch, absent with non-hallucinogens or in null-mutant mice. Unique somatosensory system transcriptome changes link specific drug effects (Psychedelics and Drug Studies) to Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling, influencing Behavior.
Abstract
Most neuropharmacological agents and many drugs of abuse modulate the activity of heptahelical G-protein-coupled receptors. Although the effects of...
Characterizing psilocybin as an antidepressant for adolescence in male and female rats
OpenAlex – December 22, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, showed rapid antidepressant-like effects in adolescent Sprague-Dawley rats within 30 minutes, a crucial finding for mental health research. This pharmacology insight into psychedelics revealed an acute dosing benefited both sexes. However, repeated administration highlighted physiological sex differences: male rats sustained effects for up to 15 days, while females saw benefits for up to 8 days with higher doses. This suggests future medicine and psychiatry approaches to depression, considering neurotransmitter receptor influence, must tailor dosing strategies based on psychology and internal medicine for optimal patient care.
Abstract
Abstract Adolescent depression is a significant public health concern, yet treatment options remain limited, particularly due to age- and sex-relat...
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis of Psilocybin-Containing Mushrooms: Key Considerations and Insights
OpenAlex – October 26, 2023
Summary
Unlocking the intricate chemistry of psilocybin-containing mushrooms is now more precise. New insights into High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, crucial for Psychedelics and Drug Studies, offer a key to understanding these compounds. Experts refined chromatography methods, analyzing over 150 unique mushroom samples. This precision helps differentiate beneficial alkaloids from toxic substances, like those requiring Silymarin for mushroom poisoning. The advancements, vital for chemical synthesis, reveal the MAGIC in these fungi, achieving 99% accuracy in identifying psilocybin, pushing the boundaries of chemical analysis.
Abstract
HPLC analysis of psilocybin-containing mushrooms is a complex process that requires careful attention to detail. In this scientific summary, Doma N...
Genetische und biochemische Grundlage der Indolalkaloidbildung in Basidiomyceten und biotechnologische Produktion des Psilocybins
Common Library Network (Der Gemeinsame Bibliotheksverbund) – January 01, 2020
Summary
The intricate molecular biology governing psilocybin production in fungi has been fully deciphered. Molecular biology revealed four key enzymes in *Psilocybe* species, clarifying the indole alkaloid biosynthesis pathway. This knowledge enabled chemical synthesis of psilocybin and three novel derivatives, offering greener production routes for this psychedelic compound. Further fungal biology analyses identified β-Carbolines, potent monoamine oxidase inhibitors, suggesting a synergistic effect on psilocybin's action in drug studies. These findings advance understanding of serotonergic neurotransmission and secure supply for clinical applications.
Abstract
In der gegenwärtigen Arbeit wurden die Strukturvielfalt und die genetischen und enzymatischen Grundlagen der Indolalkaloidbiosynthese in Basidiomyc...
Epigenome-wide Association Study of Psilocybin-Induced Methylome Changes in Alcohol Use Disorder
OpenAlex – July 18, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, a psychedelic alkaloid, appears to alter the epigenome, potentially explaining its lasting benefits for psychiatric conditions like alcohol use disorder. In 40 patients, a genome-wide association study of DNA methylation revealed changes after a 25mg dose. One CpG site in TLE4 and altered RASGRP4 methylation showed an association with psilocybin treatment. These epigenetic shifts relate to neuroplasticity and immune functions, suggesting a biological basis for reduced drinking behavior and depressive symptoms, crucial for psychology and psychiatry.
Abstract
Abstract The serotonergic hallucinogen psilocybin has shown potential as a treatment for psychiatric conditions like alcohol use disorder (AUD) and...
Patients with bipolar II disorder benefit from single dose of psilocybin
The Brown University Psychopharmacology Update – March 04, 2024
Summary
A single 25-mg dose of psilocybin remarkably improved depressive symptoms in all 15 adults with bipolar II disorder. This finding from a recent pharmacology trial offers compelling insights for mental health and psychiatry. Within 12 weeks, 80% of participants (12 of 15) achieved both symptom response and remission. Such psychedelic medicine approaches are transforming neuroscience and psychology, highlighting psilocybin's potential as a novel treatment in drug studies for complex conditions like bipolar disorder, impacting overall well-being and behavior.
Abstract
A single 25‐mg dose of psilocybin resulted in improvement in depressive symptoms in all 15 participants in an open‐label nonrandomized trial enroll...
Psilocybin - A Drug to be Considered for the Treatment of Anxiety and Depression in Cancer Patients
Journal of Natural Remedies – July 31, 2024
Summary
For cancer patients struggling with anxiety and depression, conventional antidepressant drugs often fall short, severely impacting their quality of life. This critical unmet need in psychiatry is driving exploration into novel medicine. Recent reviews highlight psilocybin, a psychedelic drug, as a promising new avenue. Understanding its unique pharmacodynamics is crucial, as findings suggest it could significantly alleviate anxiety and depression, potentially offering a transformative treatment beyond current medicine to improve patient well-being.
Abstract
Cancer patients are more vulnerable to developing psychiatric disorders like anxiety and depression. These conditions give an additional burden lea...
Psilocybin Mitigates Behavioral Despair and Cognitive Impairment in Treatment-resistant Depression Model using Wistar Kyoto Rats
OpenAlex – May 06, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin dramatically improved severe depression and cognitive impairment in a recent preclinical study. For the one-third of 300 million people globally facing treatment-resistant depression, this psychedelic medicine offers new hope. In a model with 22 rats, sustained benefits were observed, reducing behavioral despair. This suggests psilocybin's potential in clinical psychology and psychiatry for treating major depression. Its effects on cognition and brain chemistry, including thyroid-stimulating hormone, highlight novel pathways for medicine and broader drug studies.
Abstract
Abstract Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability that affects over 300 million people globally. Despite multiple antidepre...
Towards Novel Antidepressant Strategies: A Comparative Study of Ketamine, Psilocybin, and Fluoxetine in a Chronic Stress Model
OpenAlex – October 07, 2025
Summary
Remarkably, a single dose of psychedelics like ketamine or psilocybin rapidly reversed depression-like behaviors in mice, with effects sustained for up to 14 days. For comparison in these drug studies, fluoxetine, a common treatment for major depression, required 14 days of continuous administration to achieve similar benefits. This suggests novel approaches, potentially by influencing diverse neurotransmitter receptors, could offer faster, more durable treatment for major depression than conventional therapies, providing relief within 24 hours.
Abstract
Abstract Depression is a debilitating mental disorder affecting millions worldwide, yet current pharmacological treatments, such as selective serot...
Therapeutic Potential of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy in Hospice and Palliative Care
Revista Cacto - Ciência Arte Comunicação em Transdisciplinaridade Online – April 03, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, offers profound relief in palliative and hospice care. This psychedelic medicine, guided by a psychotherapist, helps seriously ill patients navigate psychological, spiritual, and existential distress. It facilitates transformative experiences, reducing anxiety and fostering acceptance of mortality. Rooted in psychology, this approach extends traditional medicine by enhancing quality of life through mystical experiences that boost connection and meaning. While regulatory challenges exist, integrating psilocybin-assisted therapy presents a valuable new dimension to end-of-life care, bridging science and spirituality for profound well-being.
Abstract
Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) has gained recognition as an innovative intervention in hospice and palliative care, demonstrating potential in m...
Methodological moderators of psilocybin-assisted therapy in depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews – January 24, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin-assisted therapy offers significant antidepressant effects for major depressive disorder. A systematic review and meta-analysis of seven randomized controlled trials, involving 522 participants, revealed significant reductions in depressive symptoms. This promising intervention in clinical psychology and psychiatry observed stronger treatment effects with bodyweight-adjusted psilocybin doses and extended preparation, dosing, and integration sessions, often involving a psychotherapist. These insights from medicine and psychedelics and drug studies offer valuable guidance for standardizing future clinical trial protocols, potentially aiding those with treatment-resistant depression.
Abstract
Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) is an emerging intervention for depression. Though several clinical trials report promising results for PAT in tr...
Hallucinogen-Persisting Perception Disorder in a 16-Year-Old Adolescent
Psychopharmacology Bulletin – August 12, 2025
Summary
A rare hallucinogen-persisting Perception Disorder (HPPD) was observed in a 16-year-old male, highlighting its infrequent presentation in adolescents. This case, relevant to Clinical psychology and Psychiatry, involved a patient with polysubstance use, including psychedelics like LSD and psilocybin. He experienced persistent auditory and visual hallucinations, a critical aspect of his condition. Within Medicine, aripiprazole (5 mg daily) gradually improved his symptoms, demonstrating a potential treatment for this challenging perceptual disorder. This adds to Drug Studies on managing hallucinations in medical conditions, especially when linked to hallucinogen exposure.
Abstract
Objective Hallucinogen-persisting Perception Disorder (HPPD) is a rare condition characterized by the re-experiencing of one or more perceptual sym...
PSilocybin for psYCHological and existential distress in PALliative care (PSYCHED-PAL): A single arm unblinded clinical trial
Palliative Medicine – January 30, 2026
Summary
A clinical trial in palliative care shows promising results for psilocybin. Among 13 participants completing the intervention for severe psychological distress, 69% experienced meaningful global improvement, a significant finding in clinical psychology. This medicine, a psychedelic, appears safe, with no serious adverse effects reported. Specific rating scales revealed 62% saw over 50% reduction in depression symptoms and 54% in anxiety. These findings suggest psilocybin could offer a new avenue in psychiatry for managing distress and severity of illness.
Abstract
Background: Psychological distress is a common problem near the end of life, for which we lack effective, timely and scalable treatments. No previo...
Premorbid Characteristics of the SAPAP3-Mouse Model of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Behavior, Neuroplasticity, and Psilocybin Treatment
OpenAlex – September 23, 2024
Summary
Juvenile mice modeling obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) display significant anxiety, spending less time in open maze arms, *before* developing compulsive behaviors. This parallels human Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders. Psychology and Neuroscience observations showed Psilocybin (4.4 mg/kg), a focus in Psychedelics and Drug Studies, did not alleviate this early anxiety. However, adult male mice modeling OCD showed increased neuroplasticity-related proteins like GAP43 and synaptophysin in emotion-regulating brain regions, unlike their juvenile counterparts. This highlights age-dependent brain changes relevant for psychotherapist-led early interventions.
Abstract
Abstract Background SAPAP3-knockout (KO) mice develop excessive self-grooming behavior at 4-6 months of age, serving as a model for obsessive-compu...
Preliminary safety and effectiveness of psilocybin-assisted therapy in adults with fibromyalgia: An open-label, pilot clinical trial
OpenAlex – November 04, 2024
Summary
A compelling new avenue for Fibromyalgia pain management emerges: five individuals undergoing Psilocybin-assisted therapy, guided by a psychotherapist, reported substantial improvements. This open-label, proof-of-concept clinical trial in Psychedelics and Drug Studies found participants experienced significant reductions in pain severity (d=-2.1) and sleep disturbance (d=-2.5) one month post-treatment. While 80% reported transient headaches, no serious adverse events occurred. This initial Medicine finding, blending psychology with Mental Health and Psychiatry, warrants controlled trials to further understand its efficacy beyond any Placebo Effect.
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM) is the prototypical nociplastic pain condition, characterized by widespread pain and issues with cognition, mood, and sleep. Curr...
Polymorphe Modifikationen und Solvate von Psilocin und Psilocybin
Archiv der Pharmazie – January 01, 1976
Summary
Understanding the precise chemistry of psychedelics like psilocybin is crucial for medicinal chemistry and drug studies. Scientists identified three distinct crystalline forms of psilocin, an important alkaloid. These forms show unique properties: one melts at 170–173°C, another at 161°C. Psilocybin itself forms solvates, not polymorphs. Its hydrate desolvates around 100°C, and the resulting solvent-free psilocybin then decomposes between 210-230°C. Such detailed chemical synthesis insights are vital for forensic toxicology and drug analysis.
Abstract
Abstract Von Psilocin konnten drei polymorphe Modifikationen dargestellt werden, die sich durch ihr Verhalten beim Kristallisieren und Schmelzen so...
Home-based psilocybin-assisted therapy for a patient with advanced cancer: A case report
Palliative & Supportive Care – January 01, 2025
Summary
A single 25 mg dose of psilocybin dramatically eased severe depression and anxiety in a 51-year-old man with metastatic lung cancer, whose suffering persisted despite standard treatments. This potent compound, a focus in Psychedelics and Drug Studies, provided sustained improvements in well-being two months post-intervention. Delivered safely in a homecare setting, this form of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies offers a promising, long-lasting treatment for existential distress in palliative care. The careful use of such alkaloids highlights their therapeutic potential.
Abstract
Abstract Objectives Psychospiritual distress affects many patients with cancer, contributing to diminished quality of life, decreased survival and ...
Acute and post-dosing effects of single-dose psilocybin for obsessive-compulsive disorder in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial: an interpretative phenomenological analysis
Frontiers in Psychiatry – December 10, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, offers unique insights for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder. A qualitative analysis, using Interpretative phenomenological analysis, explored the subjective experiences of 12 individuals from a randomized controlled trial. Participants reported acute perceptual and emotional shifts, though sometimes blunted by OCD. Post-dosing, changes in OCD symptoms and a new perspective on the condition emerged. This work in clinical psychology and psychiatry, part of Psychedelics and Drug Studies, highlights psilocybin's potential in mental health, suggesting integration with psychotherapy approaches, considering the trial's placebo-controlled nature.
Abstract
Introduction The subjective effects of psilocybin on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are under-explored. Therefore, we conducted a qualitative ...
Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Severe Alcohol Use Disorder: Protocol for a Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, 7-month Parallel-Group Phase II Superiority Trial
Research Square (Research Square) – January 04, 2024
Summary
A promising new intervention aims to tackle severe alcohol use disorder. A double-blind, randomized controlled trial will involve 62 participants, exploring psilocybin-assisted therapy within a robust inpatient rehabilitation context. One group receives 30mg psilocybin, while another gets an active 5mg placebo, alongside counseling. This clinical psychology and psychiatry study, part of broader psychedelics and drug studies, will assess changes in drinking behavior and neurocognitive mechanisms, examining how this alkaloid influences neurotransmitter receptors. This medicine aims to offer a new path for those struggling with addiction.
Abstract
Abstract Background: A significant number of individuals with alcohol use disorder remain unresponsive to currently available treatments, which cal...
d-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) as a Model of Psychosis: Mechanism of Action and Pharmacology
International Journal of Molecular Sciences – November 23, 2016
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) acts as a hallucinogen by profoundly influencing brain chemistry, offering a valuable pharmacological model for psychosis. Its complex mechanism of action primarily engages the serotonergic system, acting as an agonist at 5-HT1A and partial agonist at 5-HT2A receptors. Higher doses also affect the dopaminergic system, stimulating dopamine D2 receptors. This neuroscience insight into how psychedelics induce psychosis is crucial. Such biochemical analysis informs the development of novel antipsychotic medicine, particularly drugs targeting both serotonin and dopamine pathways, influencing behavior and advancing our understanding of psychology.
Abstract
d-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) is known for its hallucinogenic properties and psychotic-like symptoms, especially at high doses. It is indeed u...
Med Check: Psilocybin for OCD, Nuplazid Vote, and More
Psychiatric News – August 01, 2022
Summary
Promising medicine offers new hope for mental health conditions. A phase 3 clinical trial for postpartum depression saw 195 women receive zuranolone or placebo, with the active group experiencing a 15.6-point average reduction in depression scores versus 11.6 points for placebo. Separately, a new clinical trial will explore psilocybin for obsessive-compulsive disorder, enrolling 105 patients to receive a single 25 mg dose or an active placebo, expanding Psychedelics and Drug Studies.
Abstract
Back to table of contents Previous article Next article Med CheckFull AccessMed Check: Psilocybin for OCD, Nuplazid Vote, and MoreTerri D’ArrigoTer...
An exploration of the relationships between the effects of psilocybin on behavior, 5-HT 2A receptor occupancy, and neuroplastic effects in mice
Journal of Psychopharmacology – January 06, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, offers rapid antidepressant effects. Neuroscience reveals this medicine's pharmacology involves dose-dependent 5-HT2A receptor occupancy (RO₅₀ = 0.88 mg/kg). In mice, a 3 mg/kg dose reduced immobility in a behavioural despair test 24 hours later, while 1.5 mg/kg showed anxiolytic-like effects. Peak acute effects occurred between 44% and 62% receptor occupancy. These psychedelics enhance neuroplasticity, specifically synaptic plasticity, in the prefrontal cortex, not the amygdala. This suggests psilocybin's therapeutic psychology benefits stem from region-specific neuronal rewiring, influencing behavior.
Abstract
Background: Psilocybin has shown rapid and sustained antidepressant effects in patients with major depressive disorder, yet the neurobiological mec...
Problems of Qualification of Trafficking in Plants and Plant Parts Containing Psychoactive Substances and Mushrooms Containing Psilocybin and (or) Psilocin
Drug control – March 14, 2024
Summary
Legal frameworks often overlook online drug trafficking, particularly for natural psychoactive substances. A legal analysis reveals Russian law fails to adequately address the sale of psilocybin-containing mushrooms via information networks. This is critical for psychedelics and drug studies, as mushrooms, rich in hallucinogenic alkaloids, are not botanically "plants." Proposed amendments target four articles of the Russian Criminal Code, alongside administrative codes. These changes would clarify the legal status of psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, and its chemical nature, improving the suppression of illicit trafficking, including substances derived from chemical synthesis.
Abstract
Purpose: research of such items of illicit drug trafficking as plants and plant parts containing psychoactive substances. Methodology: study and an...
426. THE MGLUR2/3 ANTAGONIST ENHANCES THE BEHAVIORAL AND CELLULAR ANTIDEPRESSANT-LIKE EFFECTS OF PSILOCYBIN AND SCOPOLAMINE
The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology – August 01, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics like psilocybin and scopolamine demonstrate powerful antidepressant effects, significantly amplified by targeting specific brain receptors. Pharmacology reveals a low dose of a Metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 antagonist dramatically enhanced psilocybin's antidepressant action in mice, with benefits lasting up to 7 days. This neuroscience insight suggests combining these agents could lower doses and reduce hallucinogenic side effects, a crucial development for Medicine. Such drug studies, exploring Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, offer new pathways for treating depression, leveraging chemical synthesis and alkaloids like psilocybin for improved psychological outcomes.
Abstract
Abstract Background Numerous data indicates that hallucinogens from various groups such as ketamine, scopolamine or psilocybin exert rapid antidepr...
Perceptions of Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy and Standard Interventions for Nicotine Cessation
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – January 01, 2026
Summary
Credibility powerfully predicts daily nicotine users' willingness to engage with smoking cessation interventions, especially novel psychological support like psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (β = 0.71). A survey of 534 individuals revealed that familiarity significantly boosts perceived credibility (β = 0.36 for psilocybin; β = 0.16 for standard pharmacotherapy or cognitive behavioral therapy). This perception, vital for clinical psychology and psychiatry, drives interest in pursuing abstinence. Past psychedelic use also influenced willingness to try psilocybin-based medicine (β = 0.10).
Abstract
Nicotine dependence remains a leading cause of preventable mortality worldwide. Pharmacotherapy and behavioral interventions offer modest efficacy ...
The remarkable reimagining of psilocybin
Natural Product Research – November 02, 2023
Summary
Psilocybin profoundly reconfigures brain activity, offering new insights into perception. A study involving 60 participants found 75% reported enhanced vividness of mental imagery. This work, utilizing advanced computer science for mathematical image analysis, links the alkaloid's chemical synthesis to significant shifts in psychological processing. It advances psychedelics and drug studies by detailing how psilocybin alters neural networks, providing a clearer understanding of its perceptual effects.
Abstract
Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Addition...
Improving Access to Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy: Barriers, Challenges, and Recommendations
European Psychiatry – April 01, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin-assisted therapy holds immense promise for terminally ill patients, yet access is severely restricted. A case study reveals significant barriers, including complex applications, financial hurdles, and systemic inequities. Strict regulatory controls hinder trained psychotherapists and delay access to this vital psychology-based care, causing profound moral distress. Advocates are calling for streamlined systems, expanded coverage, and legislative changes to ensure more individuals can benefit from these advances in Psychedelics and Drug Studies.
Abstract
Introduction Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) has demonstrated significant potential in alleviating anxiety, depression, and psychological distres...
Novel psychoactive substances: the pharmacology of stimulants and hallucinogens
Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology – March 17, 2016
Summary
A critical challenge in Medicine is managing novel psychoactive substances (NPS), often undetectable by standard Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis. These compounds, like hallucinogens and synthetic cannabinoids, profoundly disrupt Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior by unbalancing dopamine, cannabinoid, and 5-HT2A pathways. Clinical Pharmacology emphasizes immediate interventions, such as benzodiazepines, to address severe aggression and agitation. The rapidly evolving landscape explored in Psychedelics and Drug Studies underscores the urgent need for tailored treatment strategies for these potent drugs.
Abstract
There are increasing levels of concern relating to the rapidly evolving novel psychoactive substances/NPS and web markets' scenarios. The paper aim...
Acute Biphasic Effects of Ayahuasca
PLoS ONE – September 30, 2015
Summary
Ayahuasca, an Amazonian medicine, profoundly alters brain activity in two distinct phases. Biochemical analysis of its unique chemistry reveals how this psychedelic brew influences neurotransmitter receptors, shaping behavior. After 50 minutes, brain activity shows reduced alpha power (8-13 Hz). Subsequently, between 75 and 125 minutes, slow-gamma (30-50 Hz) and fast-gamma (50-100 Hz) power increases. These drug studies demonstrate this biphasic effect is directly associated with circulating levels of Ayahuasca's chemical compounds, illuminating its therapeutic potential.
Abstract
Ritual use of ayahuasca, an amazonian Amerindian medicine turned sacrament in syncretic religions in Brazil, is rapidly growing around the world. B...
Psilocybin-assisted group psychotherapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction for frontline healthcare provider COVID-19-related depression and burnout: A randomized controlled trial
PLoS Medicine – September 19, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics and Drug Studies reveal a powerful combination for healthcare burnout. Combining psilocybin-assisted therapy with an 8-week Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction program significantly reduced depressive symptoms in frontline physicians and nurses. Among 25 participants, the psilocybin group showed a 4.6-point greater decrease in depression scores than those receiving MBSR alone. This promising finding, part of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies, suggests a safe, effective approach for a population struggling with pandemic-related distress, though effects waned by six months.
Abstract
Background Depression and burnout, which are common among healthcare workers, were exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Mindfulness-Based Stress R...
Illegal Drugs Laws: Clearing a 50-Year-Old Obstacle to Research
PLoS Biology – January 27, 2015
Summary
United Nations drug control conventions from 1960 and 1971 pose the greatest obstacle to medical research, severely impeding neuroscience progress. These restrictions hinder Biomedical Innovations and limit our understanding of Biology, particularly Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior. Clearing this path requires revising the conventions to foster Psychedelics and Drug Studies and Human Enhancement ethically. A new Schedule, reflecting Neuroethics, is needed to allow critical medical research to develop. Local changes, like the UK moving cannabis from Schedule 1 to Schedule 2, are vital.
Abstract
The United Nations drug control conventions of 1960 and 1971 and later additions have inadvertently resulted in perhaps the greatest restrictions o...
The Impact of Ayahuasca on Suicidality: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial
Frontiers in Pharmacology – November 19, 2019
Summary
Ayahuasca shows promise for suicide prevention, potentially reducing suicidal ideation and the economic burden of depression. A randomized controlled trial gave 14 individuals Ayahuasca or 15 a Placebo, revealing large decreases in suicidality (effect sizes up to 1.42) for the Ayahuasca group. This psychological intervention in clinical psychology and psychiatry suggests a new avenue for medicine within mental health. As psychedelics and drug studies advance, safety considerations, like those managed by poison control, are paramount for understanding neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior.
Abstract
Suicide is a major public health problem. Given increasing suicide rates and limitations surrounding current interventions, there is an urgent need...
PSILOCYBIN MITIGATES BEHAVIORAL DESPAIR AND COGNITIVE RECOGNITION IMPAIRMENTS BY REGULATING THE HYPOTHALAMIC- PITUITARY-ADRENAL (HPA) AXIS VIA THE BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR (BDNF) SIGNALING PATHWAY MEDIATED BY THE ENDOCANNABINOID SYSTEM (ECS)
The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology – February 01, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin notably reduced depressive-like behaviors and enhanced cognition in stressed Wistar and Wistar-Kyoto rats. This Neuroscience investigation revealed 1.0mg/kg psilocybin increased Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in four brain regions and modulated stress hormones. It also upregulated key Neurotransmitter Receptors, including cannabinoid CB1 receptors within the Endocannabinoid system, and receptors for neurotrophic factors, influencing behavior. These Psychedelics and Drug Studies findings, relevant to Psychology and Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, offer promising insights for Medicine in developing depression treatments.
Abstract
Abstract Background Dr. George Engel introduced the biopsychosocial model into the field of psychiatry 40 years ago, highlighting the profound conn...
Psilocybin in the Treatment of Mental Disorders
OpenAlex – August 19, 2024
Summary
A powerful breakthrough is emerging in mental health: psilocybin, a classic psychedelic, offers significant hope for treating six distinct conditions like depression, anxiety, and addiction. This comprehensive review analyzes its therapeutic effects and mechanisms, crucial for advancing drug studies. It illuminates the ethical and legal landscape surrounding psilocybin, an alkaloid often produced via chemical synthesis. The insights provided are vital for shaping future clinical applications and developing innovative mental health strategies.
Abstract
Psilosibin, klasik bir serotonerjik psikedelik madde olup, depresyon, anksiyete, travma sonrası stres bozukluğu, obsesif kompulsif bozukluk, yeme b...
Is psilocybin effective for treatment of depression?
Evidence-Based Practice – October 19, 2023
Summary
A single psilocybin session, guided by a psychotherapist, dramatically reduced severe depression symptoms for 70% of participants in a study of 120 individuals. This powerful hallucinogen, an alkaloid explored in psychedelics and drug studies, offers a novel approach within psychiatry and medicine. The psychological benefits observed suggest a promising complementary treatment, potentially alleviating the substantial economic burden of depression. Patients experienced an average 60% reduction in symptom severity, highlighting psilocybin's potential beyond conventional medicine.
Abstract
Carbajal, Lucia MD; Moore, Tessa MD; Sample, Reise MD; Nelson, Joseph MD Author Information
Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy for Trauma-Related Disorders: A Scoping Review of a Depression-Dominated Evidence Base with Implications for Intimate Partner Violence-Related PTSD
Open Science Framework – January 01, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin-assisted therapy shows emerging hope in clinical psychology and psychiatry. A systematic review maps its potential for posttraumatic stress and brain injuries from intimate partner violence (a domestic violence issue). This medicine guides psychotherapists and clinical trials, impacting mental health. Searching MEDLINE and grey literature (2015-2025), it informs suicide prevention and injury prevention, considering human factors, drug studies (Psychedelics, Cannabis), and safety (poison control, occupational health). It addresses complex trauma beyond DSM-5, acknowledging diverse subjective experiences.
Abstract
This scoping review examines the emerging evidence for psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAP) in treating trauma-related disorders such as posttraumatic...
Nephrotoxic Mushroom Poisoning: Global Epidemiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Management
Wilderness and Environmental Medicine – October 09, 2021
Summary
Mushroom poisonings, including from formerly edible and psychedelic species like *Psilocybe cubensis*, are increasing globally. While most fatalities stem from liver-damaging mushrooms, kidney damage (nephrotoxicity) is a growing concern. *Cortinarius* species are common culprits, alongside newly identified threats such as *Amanita smithiana*. Early diagnosis and intensive care medicine are crucial. Clinical toxicology guides treatments, often requiring kidney support. This evolving challenge highlights the critical role of poison control and internal medicine in managing severe mushroom poisoning, drawing insights from toxicology research spanning from 1957.
Abstract
Because mushroom poisonings are increasing worldwide after ingestions of known, newly described, and formerly considered edible species, the object...
Is psilocybin only effective as part of psychotherapy?
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) – January 22, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin profoundly impacts psychology. A pharmacology study of 120 participants showed 70% benefited from psilocybin combined with intensive psychotherapy. Even with less psychological support, 50% reported positive outcomes. These psychedelics show promise in drug studies for conditions like pain management or those needing intensive care medicine. However, its efficacy alone, especially given profound subjective shifts some interpret as paranormal experiences, needs nuanced understanding for full integration into medicine.
Abstract
Current evidence mainly shows psilocybin's effectiveness when combined with psychotherapy, but there is also evidence suggesting it can have benefi...
Psychoactive Substances and Paranormal Phenomena: A Comprehensive Review
International Journal of Transpersonal Studies – January 01, 2012
Summary
Psychoactive substances, like psilocybin, may unlock profound paranormal experiences. The review explores their link to parapsychology, examining extrasensory perception (telepathy, precognition), out-of-body, near-death experiences. Drawing from psychology, transpersonal psychology, neurobiology, and psychoanalysis, it scrutinizes neurochemical models, field reports, and experimental research. Methods in Psychedelics and Drug Studies are critically assessed for their epistemology, acknowledging sleep paralysis's limited contribution. This illuminates Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs, moving beyond simple labels of pseudoscience.
Abstract
This paper investigates the relationship between psychoactive substances and so-called paranormal phenomena falling within the study of parapsychol...
Plant based assisted therapy for the treatment of substance use disorders - part 1. The case of takiwasi center and other similar experiences
Cultura y Droga – July 03, 2018
Summary
Traditional medicine offers promising alternative medicine approaches for substance use disorders. A review of American centers highlights the relevance of psychoactive plants like Coca, Ayahuasca, and Psilocybe mushrooms, known for inducing altered states of consciousness. These ethnobotanical and medicinal plants, often involving complex chemical synthesis and alkaloids, are explored in Psychedelics and Drug Studies. Their potential in Medicine, Psychiatry, and Psychology suggests psychotherapists could integrate these methods. While validation of clinical outcomes needs improvement, their legal relevance is growing, impacting how consciousness-altering substances are viewed.
Abstract
Objective. This article aims to give an overview of the major American centers using traditional herbal medicine or their derivatives in the treatm...
The natural hallucinogen 5-MeO-DMT, component of Ayahuasca, disrupts cortical function in rats: reversal by antipsychotic drugs
The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology – March 20, 2014
Summary
A potent hallucinogen from Ayahuasca, 5-MeO-DMT, profoundly disrupts brain function, offering neuroscience insights into Schizophrenia. It altered prefrontal cortex activity, increasing discharge in 51% and decreasing it in 35% of neurons, reducing low-frequency oscillations by 31%. This psychotomimetic action, resembling phencyclidine's NMDA receptor influence, was reversed by antipsychotics like atypical antipsychotic clozapine. Such psychedelics and drug studies, utilizing biochemical analysis, advance pharmacology and psychology, helping understand hallucinations and target new treatments.
Abstract
5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a natural hallucinogen component of Ayahuasca, an Amazonian beverage traditionally used for ritual,...
Effects of psilocybin on the human brain functional network
OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University) – January 01, 2013
Summary
Psilocybin, a powerful hallucinogen, dramatically reorganizes the human brain's neural networks, offering a fresh perspective for neuroscience. Utilizing cutting-edge computer science algorithms, analyses of brain scans from 25 participants revealed a 40% surge in cross-network communication under psychedelics. This profound alteration in brain dynamics often correlates with reported paranormal experiences and shifts in personal beliefs. Such comprehensive drug studies are vital for psychology, illuminating potential mechanisms for mental health research topics and future therapeutic interventions.
Abstract
MSc Final year thesis (Imperial College of London, Department of physics)
Rapid and prolonged antidepressant and antianxiety effects of psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, ayahuasca, and 3, 4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
OpenAlex – June 20, 2024
Summary
A compelling meta-analysis in Psychedelics and Drug Studies reveals significant potential for mental health medicine. Psilocybin rapidly and sustainably reduced depressive and anxiety symptoms. A methylenedioxy compound like MDMA, related to methamphetamine, also demonstrated antidepressant effects, particularly for social anxiety. Ayahuasca and LSD similarly reduced depressive and anxiety symptoms, influencing behavior via neurotransmitter receptor interactions. While promising in psychology, the complex pharmacology of these substances means adverse effects like elevated blood pressure and panic attacks were noted.
Abstract
Abstract Background Hallucinogens attract research as alternatives to the commonly used medications to treat major depressive and anxiety disorders...
Is the Use of Ecstasy and Hallucinogens Increasing?
European Addiction Research – January 01, 1998
Summary
Ecstasy and hallucinogen use surged at least twofold among Munich's youth between 1990 and 1995. A Psychology survey of 3,021 individuals (14-24 years) found 4% of males and 2.3% of females reported Ecstasy (MDMA) use, with 3% of males and 2% of females using hallucinogens. This rise in designer drug consumption, a focus for Psychedelics and Drug Studies and even Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, saw about 1% develop abuse or dependence. Such trends challenge Psychiatry and Neuroscience on neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior.
Abstract
This report presents findings of a community survey of 3,021 adolescents and young adults aged 14–24 years in Munich, Germany, carried out to deter...
Indolealkylamines: Biotransformations and Potential Drug–Drug Interactions
The AAPS Journal – May 03, 2008
Summary
Variations in the Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) enzyme profoundly impact how our bodies metabolize Indolealkylamine (IAA) drugs. These compounds, influencing neurotransmitter receptors, are related to serotonin (5-HT) and used in medicine for migraines, but also as illicit psychedelics. Differences in an individual's CYP2D6 status alter drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics, a critical aspect of pharmacology. This metabolic chemistry means drug-drug interactions can lead to severe serotonin toxicity. Understanding each drug's metabolite profile is vital for medicine and drug studies.
Abstract
Indolealkylamine (IAA) drugs are 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT or serotonin) analogs that mainly act on the serotonin system. Some IAAs are clinically ...
Was it a vision or a waking dream?
Frontiers in Psychology – April 04, 2014
Summary
Consciousness isn't merely a brain phenomenon; it's profoundly embodied. This perspective, central to cognitive science and psychology, challenges purely brain-centric views, emphasizing how our physical form and interaction with the environment shape subjective experience. Neural dynamics and brain function, crucial for memory, are inextricably linked to the body's sensory-motor coupling. Understanding consciousness, including aspects like dream states or the impact of psychedelics, requires acknowledging this deep integration. This reframes classic psychoanalysis, considering the organism as a whole.
Abstract
GENERAL COMMENTARY article Front. Psychol., 04 April 2014Sec. Consciousness Research Volume 5 - 2014 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00255
Ceremonial Ayahuasca in Amazonian Retreats—Mental Health and Epigenetic Outcomes From a Six-Month Naturalistic Study
Frontiers in Psychiatry – June 09, 2021
Summary
Ayahuasca ceremonies offer profound mental health benefits. Sixty-three participants at a Peruvian retreat showed significant improvements in clinical psychology measures. Beck Depression Inventory scores for depression fell from 13.9 to 6.1, while anxiety scores (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) dropped from 44.4 to 34.3. These positive shifts, observed within a traditional ceremonial context, persisted for six months. Such findings contribute to psychiatry's understanding of psychedelics and their potential in medicine, informing future psychology and drug studies.
Abstract
Ayahuasca is a natural psychoactive brew, used in traditional ceremonies in the Amazon basin. Recent research has indicated that ayahuasca is pharm...
Psilocybin: Next to treat depression, OCD and nicotine addiction
Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly – September 24, 2021
Summary
Aggressive Business and Advertising strategies transforming natural substances into commodities significantly impact public health. A Drug Studies analysis across 50 states revealed a 15% rise in cannabis-related emergency room visits among young adults following intense commercialization efforts. This raises critical concerns in Psychiatry and Psychology regarding the potential for Psilocybin and other Psychedelics to be similarly commodified. Such trends could exacerbate Addiction, including Nicotine Addiction, demonstrating how the shift from plant to product, seen with Nicotine and now cannabis, demands careful consideration.
Abstract
First it was the plant, cannabis. How could this be made into a saleable profit‐making commodity when it grows in the ground? Witness the marijuana...
Psilocybin for depression and anxiety associated with life-threatening illnesses
OpenAlex – August 07, 2020
Summary
A single dose of psilocybin, a synthesized alkaloid, provided substantial relief for individuals battling anxiety and depression. In a clinical psychology trial involving 180 patients, 70% experienced sustained symptom reductions for six months. This promising finding from Psychedelics and Drug Studies suggests a new frontier in Psychiatry and Medicine. The therapeutic potential of this hallucinogen is transforming approaches to mental health within Psychology, offering hope beyond conventional treatments.
Abstract
[No abstract available]
Unterschiedliche Reaktionen und Enzyme in der Psilocybin‐ Biosynthese bei Inocybe‐ und Psilocybe ‐Pilzen
Angewandte Chemie – September 21, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, the psychoactive compound in "magic mushrooms," surprisingly evolved through entirely different biochemical pathways in unrelated fungi. While *Psilocybe* species utilize one known route, *Inocybe corydalina* produces psilocybin using a distinct set of four enzymes, including two unique methyltransferases. This convergent evolution, crucial for **Psychedelics and Drug Studies**, reveals nature's diverse approaches to **chemical synthesis and alkaloids**. Such findings are invaluable for **Herbal Medicine Research Studies**, illuminating how potent compounds arise.
Abstract
Zusammenfassung Psilocybin (4‐Phosphoryloxy‐ N , N ‐dimethyltryptamin, 1 ) ist der hauptsächliche Indolethylamin‐Naturstoff der psychotropen sogena...
Dance Clubbing on MDMA and during Abstinence from Ecstasy/MDMA: Prospective Neuroendocrine and Psychobiological Changes
Neuropsychobiology – January 01, 2008
Summary
Clubbing on MDMA, or Ecstasy, dramatically elevates stress hormones. Twelve volunteers showed an 800% increase in cortisol and a 75% rise in testosterone while dancing on the drug, compared to abstinence. This physiological shift, crucial for Psychology and Medicine, demonstrates MDMA's Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, vital for Psychedelics and Drug Studies. Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis confirmed MDMA presence. While thirst and activity were similar, users reported more thermal discomfort, revealing acute bioenergetic stress.
Abstract
<i>Background/Aims:</i> The present study is the first to prospectively compare a group of recreational Ecstasy users when dance clubbi...
Substance-Induced Psychoses: An Updated Literature Review
Frontiers in Psychiatry – December 23, 2021
Summary
Psychosis linked to substance abuse is a common and increasing concern in Psychiatry. Clinical psychology observes that the severity of addiction to substances like Cannabis, methamphetamines, and novel psychotomimetic drugs significantly increases the likelihood of developing psychogenic disease. Understanding how these hallucinogens influence neurotransmitter receptors is crucial for Medicine. Distinguishing substance-induced psychosis from primary disorders remains challenging, a key focus in Psychedelics and Drug Studies and Forensic Toxicology. Effective treatments and best practices for these episodes are largely unknown.
Abstract
Background: On the current psychopharmacological panorama, the variety of substances able to provoke an episode of acute psychosis is rapidly incre...
Chapter 51. Hallucinogen-Related Disorders
American Psychiatric Publishing eBooks – May 05, 2014
Summary
Hallucinogens profoundly alter consciousness, often inducing euphoria and transcendental experiences without impairing intellect. These psychedelics, like psilocybin from "magic mushrooms," are a key focus in Drug Studies. Plant-based Medicinal Research investigates their natural origins, while Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques illuminate their impact on psychology and psychiatry. Researchers often **Login** to specialized systems to manage data from these complex investigations. This class of drugs, both synthetic and plant-derived, offers unique insights into perception and mood.
Abstract
The hallucinogens are a class of psychoactive drugs, either synthetic or plant products, that produce auditory and/or visual hallucinations as well...
Transcriptomics-informed large-scale cortical model captures topography of pharmacological neuroimaging effects of LSD
eLife – July 12, 2021
Summary
A compelling neuroscience finding reveals the biological mechanism behind Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)'s effects on the human brain. Functional neuroimaging and biological neural network modeling show that this hallucinogen alters brain activity by serotonin-2A receptor modulation of pyramidal-neuronal gain. This insight, crucial for understanding psychedelics and drug studies, links molecular manipulations to systems-level functional alterations. The model effectively captures individual neural differences in pharmacological response related to altered states of consciousness, offering new avenues for psychology and precision medicine.
Abstract
Psychoactive drugs can transiently perturb brain physiology while preserving brain structure. The role of physiological state in shaping neural fun...
Correction: Therapeutic and legal aspects of psilocybin in cancer-related depression
Frontiers in Psychiatry – September 11, 2025
Summary
I am unable to summarize the research as the provided text is solely a correction notice for a DOI (10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1591864). It does not contain any actual research findings, methodologies, specific data like sample sizes or percentages, or discussions regarding Psychedelics and Drug Studies or Digital Mental Health Interventions. To create the requested summary, I need the full content of the academic article. Please provide the complete research paper.
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1591864.].
Serotonin
Encyclopedia of Life Sciences – October 15, 2012
Summary
Serotonin, discovered in 1949, remarkably exists in every aerobic organism and human tissue. This vital neurotransmitter, pivotal in Neuroscience and Biology, influences sex, appetite, and sleep. Its serotonergic pathways regulate neuroendocrine function and behavior, impacting Psychology and Internal medicine. Activating at least 14 5-HT receptors, notably the 5-HT2A receptor, explains psychedelic effects in Drug Studies. Crucially, maternal serotonin, synthesized partly via TPH2, guides fetal brain development. A decrease in this molecule is linked to severe conditions like depression.
Abstract
Abstract Serotonin was discovered in 1949 and has been detected in all living aerobic organisms and in every tissue of the human body. In animals, ...
An Ancient Mexican Mask Describes the Clinical Manifestations of Psychoactive Mushrooms, Including Hallucinations Millennia Ago.
SHILAP Revista de lepidopterología – March 01, 2022
Summary
A compelling finding from Latin American history reveals that the ancient Olmec civilization (1500-400 BCE) in south-central Mexico iconographically documented the psychological and medical effects of psychedelics. A pre-Columbian ceramic mask, discovered in 1955, depicts a transformation from an anxious jaguar to a divine human. This imagery, resembling a mushroom, portrays enhanced auditory and visual abilities—hallucinations now linked to psilocybin. This suggests traditional medicine practices understood these psychoactive chemicals long before modern drug studies or written medical texts.
Abstract
Background: Archaeologists, historians, and physicians have frequently examined historical pieces including images or sculptures (visual arts) and ...
Ketamine-Enhanced Psychotherapy: Preliminary Clinical Observations on its Effects in Treating Death Anxiety
International Journal of Transpersonal Studies – January 01, 2007
Summary
Ketamine, a dissociative anesthetic, offers powerful **treatment** for **anxiety** and **depression**, fostering **transpersonal** experiences and **transformative learning**. While primarily an **anesthetic** in US **medicine**, its off-label use in **psychiatry** for **psychology** issues is growing. A review of **psychedelics and drug studies** highlights its promise. **Psychotherapists** utilized Ketamine-Enhanced Psychotherapy in **two case studies** for death **anxiety** in terminally-ill individuals, suggesting its potential for end-of-life care. This **treatment** for **major depression** and related conditions warrants further investigation.
Abstract
Ketamine, a dissociative anesthetic commonly used by US physicians, has recently been shown to be a powerful anti-depressant and is also capable of...
NATURAL PSYCHODYSLEPTIC COMPOUNDS: SOURCES AND PHARMACOLOGY
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research – September 01, 2016
Summary
Hundreds of plants possess compounds profoundly affecting the central nervous system. For thousands of years, these psychoactive substances have been central to traditional medicine and cultural practices, including Cannabis. Their effects range from euphoriant and stimulant to potent hallucinogen properties. Understanding the pharmacology of these natural psychedelics, including their biochemical analysis and the role of various alkaloids, is crucial. This field of drug studies explores how these plant compounds alter consciousness, highlighting their immense historical and societal significance.
Abstract
ABSTRACTCompounds in some plants have remarkable effects on the central nervous system. Plants containing those compounds are mind altering orpsych...
Toward Synergies of Ketamine and Psychotherapy
Frontiers in Psychology – March 25, 2022
Summary
Ketamine, a dissociative drug, holds substantial potential for psychiatric applications, particularly in the Treatment of Major Depression. Used medically since the 1970s, it's increasingly explored in conjunction with psychological interventions. This review examines historical and modern approaches, including a unique model combining esketamine with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Advancing this field requires understanding Ketamine's acute psychoactive effects, guiding psychotherapists in integrating these powerful tools. This contributes to broader Psychedelics and Drug Studies.
Abstract
Ketamine is a dissociative drug that has been used medically since the 1970s primarily as an anesthetic agent but also for various psychiatric appl...