3034 results for "Psilocybin"
Spatiotemporal Brain Dynamics of Emotional Face Processing Modulations Induced by the Serotonin 1A/2A Receptor Agonist Psilocybin
Cerebral Cortex – July 16, 2013
Summary
The hallucinogen psilocybin profoundly alters how the brain processes emotions. Neuroscience reveals this serotonergic psychedelic significantly reduces activity in key limbic areas like the amygdala and parahippocampal gyrus, and the temporal lobe. For instance, between 168-189 ms post-stimulus, neutral and fearful face processing is impacted. A later effect (211-242 ms) reduces activity for happy faces. This highlights psilocybin's selective influence on emotional processing, a key area of Psychology, demonstrating how serotonin receptor modulation impacts behavior.
Abstract
Emotional face processing is critically modulated by the serotonergic system. For instance, emotional face processing is impaired by acute psilocyb...
Distinctive Molecular and Metabolic Profiles of Chemically Synthesized Psilocybin and Psychedelic Mushroom Extract
OpenAlex – July 20, 2023
Summary
Natural psilocybin mushroom extracts demonstrate superior brain benefits compared to synthetic versions. In male mice, a hallucinogen-rich mushroom extract significantly boosted four key synaptic proteins across four brain regions, indicating enhanced neuroplasticity, lasting 11 days. In contrast, chemically synthesized psilocybin showed more limited effects, impacting only two proteins in two areas. This suggests the full mushroom's complex chemistry, relevant to drug studies and chemical synthesis of alkaloids, offers a distinct neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior. This difference is vital for understanding psychedelics.
Abstract
Abstract Psilocybin, a naturally occurring, tryptamine alkaloid prodrug, is currently being investigated for the treatment of a range of psychiatri...
Brain-MGF: Multimodal Graph Fusion Network for EEG-fMRI Brain Connectivity Analysis Under Psilocybin
arXiv (Cornell University) – November 23, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin profoundly reorganizes brain connectivity, a compelling finding in Psychedelics and Drug Studies. An Artificial intelligence framework, rooted in Computer science, employs an artificial neural network for graph fusion of functional magnetic resonance imaging data. This machine learning model, constructed to recognize patterns, achieved 74.0% accuracy distinguishing psilocybin's effects during meditation and 76.0% during rest. By adaptively encoding complex brain patterns at each brain node using a softmax mechanism, it offers interpretability into neural changes. Such insights could aid Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, even illuminating profound subjective states.
Abstract
Psychedelics, such as psilocybin, reorganise large-scale brain connectivity, yet how these changes are reflected across electrophysiological (elect...
Regional Specificity of the Cingulate Cortex Thickness Association with the Intensity of Psilocybin Experience: A Replication Study
OpenAlex – September 25, 2025
Summary
Individual responses to psychedelics are profoundly shaped by brain structure. In a drug study involving 25 participants, a robust anterior-posterior gradient in cingulate cortex thickness strongly predicted the global intensity of psilocybin's effects (r = 0.549). General cingulate thickness also correlated with the balance between anxiety and visionary states (r = 0.495). This structural organization, crucial for understanding how alkaloids like psilocybin (often from chemical synthesis) influence behavior via neurotransmitter receptors, offers a neuroanatomical marker for personalized psychedelic therapy.
Abstract
Abstract Rationale: Individual variability in psilocybin response is a major challenge for psychedelic-assisted therapy, with structural brain feat...
Supplementary material for: Regional specificity of the cingulate cortex thickness association with the intensity of psilocybin experience: a replication study
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) – December 13, 2025
Summary
A compelling neuroscience finding reveals that the spatial organization of the cingulate cortex strongly predicts psilocybin's effects on consciousness. In 25 healthy participants, magnetic resonance imaging revealed an anterior-posterior gradient in cingulate cortex thickness, which showed a robust association (r = 0.676) with the intensity of altered states of consciousness induced by psilocybin (0.26 mg/kg). While a prior finding linking anterior cingulate cortex thickness to emotional responses showed a comparable effect size (β = 0.523) in this replication, it lacked statistical significance. This psychology research highlights brain mapping of the cortex.
Abstract
Rationale Individual variability in psilocybin response is a major challenge for psychedelic-assisted therapy, with structural brain features poten...
Die subakuten Effekte des Psilocybin auf Persönlichkeit, Achtsamkeit und die Auflösung des Selbst
OpenAlex – January 01, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin significantly reduces neuroticism and anxiety, improving life satisfaction. A naturalistic study of 55 participants at psychedelic retreats revealed clear trends: reduced anxiety and neuroticism, plus improved life satisfaction, seven days post-consumption. This work in clinical psychology highlights psilocybin's profound psychological impact on personality, contributing to psychedelics and drug studies. Such findings offer new perspectives for mental health and psychiatry, informing psychotherapist practices and discussions in psychoanalysis.
Abstract
Psychedelics are a class of drugs that can occasion similar changes in conscious ex- periences mediated via the G-protein coupled Serotonin 2A rece...
Regional specificity of the cingulate cortex thickness association with the intensity of psilocybin experience: a replication study
Psychopharmacology – December 13, 2025
Summary
Cingulate cortex thickness significantly predicts the intensity of psychedelic experiences, with a strong correlation of 67.6% identified in a study involving 25 healthy participants. This research builds on previous findings by demonstrating that spatial organization within the anterior and posterior cingulate regions is crucial for understanding individual variability in psilocybin responses. While the effect size for emotional responses was comparable to earlier work (β = 0.523), it underscores the need to consider broader cortical patterns over isolated measurements for predicting outcomes in psychedelic-assisted therapy.
Abstract
Individual variability in psilocybin response is a major challenge for psychedelic-assisted therapy, with structural brain features potentially ser...
Psilocybin increases emotional empathy in patients with major depression.
Molecular psychiatry – June 01, 2025
Summary
A single dose of psilocybin significantly boosted emotional empathy in people with depression, particularly their ability to connect with positive emotions in others. When combined with psychological support, the treatment helped participants better understand and share others' feelings for at least two weeks, compared to those who received a placebo. This improvement in social connection may help explain why psilocybin shows promise as a depression treatment.
Abstract
Empathy plays a crucial role in interpersonal relationships and mental health. It is decreased in a variety of psychiatric disorders including majo...
Less is more? A review of psilocybin microdosing
Journal of Psychopharmacology – September 16, 2024
Summary
Definitive conclusions on psilocybin microdosing, a hallucinogen derived from alkaloids, remain elusive despite its potential in Medicine. A review of 40 studies and 8 grey literature websites, found via databases like MEDLINE, reveals a critical lack of robust evidence in Clinical psychology. Most findings stem from observational studies, with sparse clinical trials. Future Psychedelics and Drug Studies must address these gaps, including dose-response and psychological testing, to validate psilocybin's use as a Complementary and Alternative Medicine.
Abstract
Background: The applications of psilocybin, derived from ‘magic mushrooms,’ are vast, including a burgeoning practice known as microdosing, which r...
Validation of the revised Mystical Experience Questionnaire in experimental sessions with psilocybin
Journal of Psychopharmacology – October 06, 2015
Summary
Psilocybin, a synthesized alkaloid and potent hallucinogen, induces mystical experiences predicting enduring positive changes. Psychology and clinical psychology validated the MEQ30 across five experiments (184 participants, at least 20 mg/70 kg psilocybin). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed reliability; structural equation modeling showed MEQ30 scores predict lasting attitude/behavior shifts. This advances Psychedelics and Drug Studies, informing broader drug research, including Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research.
Abstract
The 30-item revised Mystical Experience Questionnaire (MEQ30) was previously developed within an online survey of mystical-type experiences occasio...
Psilocybin induces rapid and persistent growth of dendritic spines in frontal cortex in vivo
OpenAlex – February 17, 2021
Summary
A single dose of the serotonergic hallucinogen Psilocybin rapidly rewires the brain, offering new insights for Neuroscience. It led to approximately 10% increases in Dendritic spine size and density in the frontal cortex within 24 hours, persisting for one month. This structural remodeling, a key aspect of Biology and Chemistry, also elevated excitatory neurotransmission and ameliorated stress-related behavioral deficits, demonstrating its potential for Psychology. These Psychedelics and Drug Studies highlight how Psilocybin, an alkaloid, influences neurotransmitter receptors, impacting behavior and suggesting enduring beneficial cortical changes.
Abstract
Summary Psilocybin is a serotonergic psychedelic with untapped therapeutic potential. There are hints that the use of psychedelics can produce neur...
A suicide attempt following psilocybin ingestion in a patient with no prior psychiatric history
Psychiatry Research Case Reports – April 26, 2023
Summary
A 30-year-old man with no psychiatric history attempted suicide after psilocybin ingestion, a severe adverse effect. While this hallucinogen is explored as medicine for anxiety and depressive disorders in Psychiatry, most Psychedelics and Drug Studies indicate reduced suicidality. This single case highlights the need for robust Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis to understand such adverse effects. Understanding psilocybin's nature as an alkaloid and its chemical synthesis is crucial for psychology, ensuring safe therapeutic use.
Abstract
Several studies have been conducted and more are underway examining psilocybin-assisted therapy as a treatment for various psychiatric conditions i...
Cell-type specific transcriptional modulation by psilocybin induces sustained plasticity in mouse medial prefrontal cortex
OpenAlex – January 08, 2025
Summary
A single dose of psilocybin dramatically enhances communication within the prefrontal cortex, a key brain region for memory and neural mechanisms. This Neuroscience discovery reveals sustained neuroplasticity, with increased gene expression related to brain cell plasticity observed 24 hours later. Specifically, a deep layer neuron cell type, L5/6 NP, drives this biology. Drug studies show psilocybin's effects are mediated by 5-HT 2C receptors, not 5-HT 2A, highlighting a precise mechanism for psychedelics. This cell-type specific action offers new insights into neuroendocrine regulation and behavior.
Abstract
Abstract Despite enormous interest in psychedelics for psychiatric interventions, potential underlying biological mechanisms remain unclear. Here, ...
Development of a PBPK model of psilocybin/psilocin from Psilocybe cubensis (magic mushroom) in mice, rats, and humans.
Scientific reports – April 21, 2025
Summary
Scientists have mapped how magic mushrooms' active compounds move through the body, revealing that psilocybin rapidly converts to psilocin - the substance responsible for psychedelic effects. This mathematical model tracks how Psilocybe cubensis compounds are processed across species, from mice to humans, showing precise distribution patterns in the brain and other organs. The findings help optimize therapeutic dosing strategies.
Abstract
Psilocybin is an active alkaloid found in magic mushrooms (Psilocybe cubensis). It is classified as a Class I Psychoactive Substance due to its psy...
Psilocybin decreases neural responsiveness and increases functional connectivity while preserving pure-tone frequency selectivity in mouse auditory cortex
Journal of Neurophysiology – May 29, 2024
Summary
Remarkably, psilocybin profoundly alters how the brain processes sound. A recent neuroscience investigation, conducted in awake mice, reveals this hallucinogen modulates the auditory cortex's response to external stimuli versus internal neural activity. This serotonergic psychedelic reshapes perception, offering insights into its therapeutic potential. While much psychology research on psychedelics focuses on the visual cortex, these drug studies highlight broader neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior. For instance, other research explores nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, demonstrating diverse mechanisms in drug studies.
Abstract
Recent studies have shown promising therapeutic potential for psychedelics in treating neuropsychiatric conditions. Musical experience during psilo...
Investigation of the Structure–Activity Relationships of Psilocybin Analogues
ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science – December 14, 2020
Summary
Psychedelic drug studies reveal that 4-acetoxy tryptamines, often from chemical synthesis, likely function as prodrugs *in vivo*. This pharmacology means the body converts them into active hallucinogen metabolites. Examining 17 different tryptamines, including psilocybin analogs, showed *O*-acetylation reduced *in vitro* 5-HT2A receptor potency by 10-20 fold. Yet, *in vivo* effects were similar. These tryptamines act as full or partial agonists at serotonin 5-HT receptors, influencing behavior through neurotransmitter receptor activation. Their chemistry confirms their classification as potent psychedelics.
Abstract
The 5-HT2A receptor is thought to be the primary target for psilocybin (4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine) and other serotonergic hallucinogen...
Exposure‐Response Analysis to Assess the Concentration‐QTc Relationship of Psilocybin/Psilocin
Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development – April 06, 2020
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, shows promise as a medicine for major depressive disorder, with heart safety being a key focus in its pharmacology. Analysis revealed that even at a clinical dose of 25 mg, the mean QT interval change was only 2.1 milliseconds. Even at a supraclinical concentration of 60 ng/mL, the mean change remained low at 9.1 milliseconds. This low proarrhythmic risk is crucial for Psychedelics and Drug Studies, building on insights from traditional medicine and the chemical synthesis of such alkaloids. The short four-hour half-life prevents drug accumulation, supporting its therapeutic application.
Abstract
Abstract Psilocybin is being developed for treating major depressive disorder. Psilocybin is readily dephosphorylated to psilocin upon absorption. ...
Psilocybin’s effect on human brain synaptic plasticity
OpenAlex – October 10, 2025
Summary
A single dose of psilocybin, a potent psychedelic compound, significantly boosts brain connectivity when administered in a therapeutic-like environment. Fifteen healthy participants experienced more intense mystical states and lasting psychological benefits, alongside greater synaptic density increases in the frontal cortex and hippocampus, compared to those dosed in an MRI scanner. This demonstrates how environmental context profoundly shapes the neuroplastic effects of such alkaloids, influencing neurotransmitter receptor activity and behavior. These findings have crucial implications for future drug studies.
Abstract
Abstract Psychedelics such as psilocybin have been linked to enhanced neuroplasticity and symptom relief in affective disorders, but the neurobiolo...
Psilocybin occasioned mystical‐type experiences
Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental – June 23, 2020
Summary
Psilocybin-occasioned mystical experiences profoundly correlate with therapeutic benefits for psychiatric conditions. This narrative review in clinical psychology emphasizes the hallucinogen psilocybin's potential as a psychological intervention. Since 2006, medicine and psychiatry have seen significant advancements in psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy. While pharmacological actions, informed by chemical synthesis and alkaloids, are discussed, understanding neuromechanistic processes requires further biochemical analysis and sensing techniques. Future clinical trials integrating a psychotherapist show promise, despite funding and societal resistance impacting Psychedelics and Drug Studies.
Abstract
Abstract Objective Research into psychedelic therapy models has shown promise for the treatment of specific psychiatric conditions. Mystical‐type e...
Wherefore the magic? The evolutionary role of psilocybin in nature
OpenAlex – December 19, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, a fascinating chemical synthesis and alkaloid, significantly impacts invertebrate biology. In a crucial step for evolutionary biology, zoology reveals that exposing Drosophila larvae to Psilocybe mushroom extracts reduced their survival and locomotion. Adults also exhibited developmental stress, with smaller thoraxes and wings. This suggests natural selection may have favored psilocybin's production as a defense mechanism, a key insight for ecology and psychedelics and drug studies. Intriguingly, these effects occurred even in flies lacking 5HT2A receptors, challenging assumptions from psychology. This work grounds our understanding of psilocybin's ancient role.
Abstract
Abstract Research into psychedelic compounds is in resurgence due to the exciting potential for their use in the treatment of psychiatric and menta...
Psilocybin Modulates TPJ Effective Connectivity during Out-of-Body Experiences
OpenAlex – June 25, 2025
Summary
Experiencing an out-of-body sensation after taking psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, correlates with specific brain changes. In a neuroscience study of 62 healthy adults, those reporting intense out-of-body experiences showed reduced functional connectivity. Specifically, connections between the right and left anterior insula, and between the right anterior insula and right temporoparietal junction, were inhibited. This psychology finding, relevant to cognitive psychology and drug studies, suggests psilocybin influences neurotransmitter receptors, altering bodily self-consciousness and offering insight into paranormal experiences.
Abstract
Abstract Serotonergic psychedelics alter self-boundaries and can induce out-of-body experiences (OBEs)—the sense of being located outside one’s phy...
Psilocybin as Transformative Fast‐Acting Antidepressant: Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Mechanisms
Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology – July 16, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, is re-emerging as a promising antidepressant medicine for severe depression, echoing its initial study in the 1950s-60s before being halted in the 1970s. Modern pharmacology and psychology are exploring how this psychedelic alkaloid influences neurotransmitter receptors, particularly serotonin 5-HT2A, to potentially facilitate transformative learning and alleviate mood disorders. Through neuroscience and drug studies, psilocybin's antidepressant potential is significant, especially given depression's projected impact by 2030.
Abstract
ABSTRACT In the 1950s–60s, serotonergic psychedelic drugs were studied as potential adjuvants to psychotherapy to treat addiction and alcoholism. H...
The occurrence of the psychotomimetic agent psilocybin in an Australian agaric, Psilocybe subaeruginosa
Australian Journal of Chemistry – April 01, 1970
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent psychotomimetic hallucinogen, was first isolated from the Mexican mushroom *Psilocybe mexicanu*. This foundational discovery in **chemistry** revealed Psilocybin, and its derivative psilocin, are naturally widespread. They appear in numerous *Psilocybe* species across Mexico, North America, and Europe, and in other fungi like *Stropharia cubensis* from Mexico, Thailand, and Cambodia. This natural prevalence is key for **Psychedelics and Drug Studies**, informing our understanding of these compounds. However, some *Psilocybe* species notably lack these unique chemicals.
Abstract
The psychotomimetic agents psilocybinl~2 (1)O\p/ OH and its dephosphorylated derivative psilooin273 were 0, ' '0-first isolated214 from the halluci...
Hypnotic Induction of the Interference of Psilocybin with Optically Induced Spatial Distortion
Pharmacopsychiatry – November 01, 1969
Summary
A compelling finding in Psychology and Neuroscience indicates that an individual's perceptual stability is a personality invariant, persisting even under the hallucinogen Psilocybin and hypnotic induction. This small study, involving four individuals given 160–200 µg/kg psilocybin (a chemical synthesis and alkaloid), explored its effect on spatial distortion thresholds. It suggests personality structure dictates perceptual reproducibility, showing minimal Interference from drug-induced changes. This work contributes to Psychedelics and Drug Studies, demonstrating how neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior doesn't alter this core stability, offering insights for Medicine beyond simple music distortion.
Abstract
The influence of personality structure on the stability of perceptual performance, specifically the degree of reproducibility under hypnotic induct...
Novel qNMR Methodto Quantify Psilocybin and Psilocinin Psychedelic Mushrooms
OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University) – November 10, 2025
Summary
Significant variability exists in the psychoactive tryptamines, psilocybin and psilocin, found in psychedelic mushrooms. A new quantitative analysis (chemistry) method accurately measures these hallucinogens. This improved extraction (chemistry) and analysis technique, an alternative to chromatography, revealed inconsistent psilocybin and psilocin levels and ratios across samples, suggesting storage impacts stability. This robust approach aids quality control in emerging Psychedelics and Drug Studies, and Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, ensuring precise dosing for clinical investigations into depression treatments.
Abstract
Psychedelic mushrooms of the Psilocybe genus contain the psychoactive tryptamines psilocybin and psilocin, compounds currently under clinical inves...
Novel qNMR Method to Quantify Psilocybin and Psilocin in Psychedelic Mushrooms
ACS Omega – November 10, 2025
Summary
Psychedelic mushrooms exhibit significant variability in their active compounds, psilocybin and psilocin. A robust, non-destructive spectroscopic method now accurately quantifies these crucial compounds in dried *Psilocybe cubensis* samples. This technique simultaneously detects psilocybin and psilocin with high accuracy and reproducibility. Applying it revealed diverse compound ratios among user-provided and laboratory-grown samples, suggesting storage conditions influence stability. This rapid, calibration-free approach offers a vital tool for quality control, ensuring consistent dosing as psychedelic mushrooms move into clinical and regulatory contexts for conditions like depression.
Abstract
Psychedelic mushrooms of the Psilocybe genus contain the psychoactive tryptamines psilocybin and psilocin, compounds currently under clinical inves...
Psilocybin Experiential Therapist Training: Insights from a World-First Study
OpenAlex – November 17, 2025
Summary
Experiencing psilocybin personally can significantly enhance a therapist's skills for psychedelic-assisted therapy. In a world-first investigation, 14 mental healthcare professionals received a 25 mg psilocybin dose, reporting deeper, embodied understanding of therapeutic principles. They also noted increased empathy and attunement. While no harms occurred, participants identified potential risks: temporary destabilization from challenging material, or projecting their own experience onto clients. Findings suggest an optional experiential component is valuable for trained clinicians with strong reflective capacity, though it's not a complete training solution.
Abstract
Abstract First-hand experience with psychedelics may help clinicians develop skills and knowledge needed to work with the profound changes to consc...
Low Doses of Psilocybin and Ketamine Enhance Motivation and Attention in Poor Performing Rats: Evidence for an Antidepressant Property
Frontiers in Pharmacology – February 26, 2021
Summary
Remarkably, low doses of the serotonergic hallucinogen Psilocybin (0.05-0.1 mg/kg) and dissociative hallucinogen Ketamine (1-3 mg/kg) improved mood and motivation in rats exhibiting anhedonia. Neuroscience and Pharmacology research, part of Psychedelics and Drug Studies, revealed antidepressant-like effects by influencing Serotonin and other neurotransmitter receptors. Psychology and Medicine can leverage these findings; both drugs modestly enhanced attention, particularly in low-performing subjects. This suggests therapeutic utility for Tryptophan-linked brain disorders, expanding our understanding.
Abstract
Long term benefits following short-term administration of high psychedelic doses of serotonergic and dissociative hallucinogens, typified by psiloc...
Occurrence of Psilocybin in Various Higher Fungi from Several European Countries
Planta Medica – October 01, 1985
Summary
Out of over 100 European fungal species, a compelling finding reveals only 10 contained the hallucinogen psilocybin or related tryptamine derivatives. Using thin layer chemistry, this biological investigation for psychedelics and drug studies identified *Psilocybe semilanceata* and *Panaeolus subbalteatus* as the key sources. These alkaloid-rich species are the sole ones available in significant quantities in Middle and Northern Europe. Understanding their stereochemistry and potential for chemical synthesis is vital for fungal biology and applications, guiding future studies on these potent compounds.
Abstract
Using high performance liquid and thin-layer chromatographic methods more than 100 species of fungi from Europe belonging to 18 genera were analyse...
Bridging the reporting gap: Application of the ReSPCT guidelines in psilocybin clinical trial protocols.
European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology – January 16, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin trials for Major Depressive Disorder and Treatment-Resistant Depression often overlook critical contextual details. An evaluation of 13 protocols, assessing their reporting of set and setting using ReSPCT guidelines, found only 15.6% of 390 items fully compliant. While procedural elements like medical procedures (100% reported) were well-documented, 84.6% of protocols lacked cultural competence information, and 92.3% omitted details on the therapeutic environment. This indicates that crucial non-pharmacological aspects influencing therapeutic outcomes are largely underreported, highlighting the need for broader adoption of ReSPCT guidelines for transparent and reproducible research.
Abstract
Psilocybin-assisted therapies are increasingly studied for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD), and methodolog...
Psilocybin and MDMA in Couples Therapy: Investigating Treatment for Substance Use Disorders and Codependency
Contemporary Family Therapy – December 11, 2025
Summary
Addressing the complex interplay of addiction and relationship dynamics, a review explores how psychedelic-assisted therapy could transform couples facing substance use disorders (SUDs). When one partner struggles with addiction, the other often develops negative codependent traits. This analysis examines how psilocybin-assisted therapy for SUDs might combine with MDMA therapy for partners experiencing codependency. Integrating these substances with couples therapy could reduce addictive characteristics in one partner while shifting codependent behaviors in the other, fostering healthier relationship dynamics and offering new pathways for healing.
Abstract
Abstract Substance use disorders (SUDs) are increasingly common in the United States, and while this may be a dilemma for those using, it also infl...
Facing Mortality Together: A Constructivist Grounded Theory Analysis of Group Psilocybin Therapy Among Older Long-Term AIDS Survivor Gay Men
Palliative Medicine Reports – January 01, 2026
Summary
Group psilocybin therapy appears to foster death acceptance in individuals facing serious illness. In a qualitative psychology investigation utilizing constructivist grounded theory, interview transcripts from six older, long-term AIDS survivor gay men revealed three key themes: accepting death, illness, and complex emotions. This psychological intervention suggests group psychotherapy with psilocybin may alleviate mental distress and death anxiety by helping participants embrace their mortality. Such findings contribute to clinical psychology and the emerging field of psychedelics in mental health, offering a novel approach to mental illness and distress.
Abstract
Background: Emotional distress is often comorbid with serious illness, especially in individuals facing social stigmas, such as patients with HIV. ...
Homebrewed psilocybin: can new routes for pharmaceutical psilocybin production enable recreational use?
Bioengineered – January 01, 2021
Summary
A significant advancement in pharmacology reveals that the psychedelic psilocybin, a promising hallucinogen for treating neurological conditions, can be easily synthesized. Using a recombinant *E. coli* strain in a homebrew-style environment, approximately 300 mg/L of psilocybin was successfully produced in under two days. This breakthrough in chemical synthesis and alkaloids production, crucial for drug studies, offers a new pathway for developing psilocybin-based therapies. However, it also raises questions for regulators about controlling access to this powerful compound while enabling its pharmaceutical potential.
Abstract
Psilocybin, a drug most commonly recognized as a recreational psychedelic, is quickly gaining attention as a promising therapy for an expanding ran...
Cardiac Arrest Associated With Psilocybin Use and Hereditary Hemochromatosis
Cureus – May 07, 2023
Summary
A 48-year-old man on ADHD medication suffered a life-threatening arrhythmia, possibly due to *polypharmacy*. This case in *medicine* highlights challenges in *psychiatry* as *psychedelics and drug studies* explore *psilocybin* and other *hallucinogens* like *ecstasy* and *phencyclidine*. Understanding *recreational drug* interactions is vital, especially for conditions like *bipolar disorder* or *hypomania* where *Quetiapine* is used. Comprehensive *forensic toxicology and drug analysis*, including *cannabis* research, is crucial to prevent such adverse events.
Abstract
Recreational drug use is a significant public health concern in various countries. It is well understood that usage of psychedelics/hallucinogens, ...
Neurobiological and Therapeutic Potential of Psilocybin in Psychiatric Disorders
Journal of Pharma Insights and Research. – October 05, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin offers rapid, sustained antidepressant and anti-anxiety effects, particularly for treatment-resistant depression and existential distress. Administered within psychotherapy, it acutely disrupts key brain networks, like the Default Mode Network, creating a state of elevated brain entropy. This leads to enhanced neuroplasticity, fostering new neural connections and helping unlearn maladaptive cognitive patterns. Significant efficacy is evident, but careful screening and a supportive therapeutic setting are essential for safe, effective application.
Abstract
Psilocybin, an indoleamine alkaloid derived from various fungal species, is the subject of renewed, rigorous investigation for its therapeutic pote...
Protocols and practices in psilocybin assisted psychotherapy for depression: A systematic review.
Journal of psychiatric research – August 01, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin combined with psychotherapy shows remarkable promise in treating severe depression. Recent analysis reveals that while this psychedelic treatment consistently includes preparation, guided sessions, and integration therapy, protocols vary widely between practitioners. Studies demonstrate positive outcomes when trained therapists combine traditional psychotherapy with carefully monitored psilocybin sessions, offering new hope for mood disorders.
Abstract
Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) is a promising treatment option for depression, with randomized controlled trials (RCTs) providing prelimin...
Study Protocol for ‘PsilOCD: A Pharmacological Challenge Study Evaluating the Effects of the 5-HT2A Agonist Psilocybin on the Neurocognitive and Clinical Correlates of Compulsivity’
Cureus – January 29, 2025
Summary
Unlocking the therapeutic potential of psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, new research targets Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. This clinical psychology protocol aims to reveal the neurocognitive and neural mechanisms by which this medicine influences cognition, offering crucial neuroscience insights. Focusing on psilocybin's pharmacology as a neurotransmitter receptor agonist, the study will determine the feasibility and efficacy of a low-dose treatment. This work, part of broader psychedelics and drug studies, seeks to establish specific response percentages and tolerability rates, informing psychiatry and potentially related fields like body image and dysmorphia studies.
Abstract
This study's results are expected to offer critical insights into the neural mechanisms underlying the effects of psilocybin-assisted therapy in tr...
Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Psilocin After Psilocybin Administration: A Systematic Review and Post-Hoc Analysis
Clinical Pharmacokinetics – January 01, 2025
Summary
The predictable way psilocybin is processed by the body, known as its pharmacokinetics, shows remarkable consistency across various drug studies. This stable pharmacology, crucial for understanding neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, establishes a solid foundation for its use in medicine. Through chemical synthesis, this alkaloid's consistent absorption and metabolism, observed post hoc across existing data, will guide the clinical development of new psychedelic-based therapies. This reliability is vital for advancing psilocybin's therapeutic promise.
Abstract
Overall, we found the pharmacokinetic parameters of psilocin to be consistent between studies. This review may guide the further clinical developme...
Induction and Extinction of Psilocybin Induced Transformations of Visual Space
Pharmacopsychiatry – January 01, 1973
Summary
Our inherent ability to judge verticality is easily warped. A single dose of the hallucinogen psilocybin (160 µg/kg) profoundly amplified this spatial misjudgment in 16 college-age volunteers, a key finding for cognitive psychology and neuroscience. This effect was further intensified when participants experienced strong body distortion, relevant to body image studies. Psilocybin, a powerful psychedelic, causes a near extinction of optical clarity, highlighting how physics governs our perception of space.
Abstract
There is a “natural” tendency to misjudge the position of the visual as compared to the gravitational vertical. A 160 µg/kg psilocybin-induced acce...
Novel psilocin prodrugs with altered pharmacological properties as candidate therapies for treatment-resistant anxiety disorders
OpenAlex – May 18, 2023
Summary
Psilocybin, a natural hallucinogen, offers significant promise as medicine for severe depression and anxiety. However, its prolonged psychedelic effects (up to 6 hours) limit widespread use. Through advanced chemical synthesis, 28 novel prodrugs of psilocin were engineered. Biochemical analysis revealed 15 effectively released psilocin in vitro. Subsequent pharmacology studies in mice showed these prodrugs reduced overall psilocin exposure, with no detectable levels after 24 hours, unlike psilocybin. Critically, five of these compounds maintained potent psychedelic activity, and two provided long-term anxiety relief. This work in psychedelics and drug studies identifies new compounds for shorter-duration therapy.
Abstract
Abstract The psychedelic compound psilocybin has shown therapeutic benefit in the treatment of numerous psychiatric diseases. A recent randomized c...
Relief from intractable phantom pain by combining psilocybin and mirror visual-feedback (MVF)
Neurocase – March 04, 2018
Summary
Psilocybin combined with mirror-visual-feedback completely eliminated phantom limb pain, a major advance in pain management. This physical medicine and rehabilitation breakthrough revealed the brain's phantom limb map: touching a volunteer's leg evoked organized sensations. An illusion of removing a "nail" fastener also relieved specific pain. These insights into psychology, imaging the phantom, action observation, and the placebo effect offer new medicine avenues within psychedelics and drug studies, informing body representation, even the forehead.
Abstract
AL's leg was amputated resulting in phantom-limb pain (PLP). (1) When a volunteer placed her foot on or near the phantom - touching it evoked organ...
EXPRESSION OF CONCERN: Efficacy of psilocybin for treating symptoms of depression: systematic review and meta-analysis
BMJ – May 04, 2024
Summary
The promising outlook for Psilocybin in treating Depression is undergoing critical re-evaluation. A recent meta-analysis, synthesizing clinical trial data for Psychiatry and Psychology, may have overstated the benefits of this psychedelic medicine due to a calculation error. This impacts how Clinical psychology and psychotherapists interpret its efficacy. The original authors are addressing the issue, which could significantly influence the field of Psychedelics and Drug Studies, future Digital Mental Health Interventions, and broader Psychotherapy Techniques in Medicine. The BMJ will review their response to ensure robust conclusions.
Abstract
The journal and the authors are investigating the problem.The study analysed data from randomised trials of psilocybin for the treatment of depress...
Historical Perspectives and Pharmacodynamic Actions of the Magic Mushroom (Psilocybin) for Future Global Healthcare
Trends in Medical Research – June 28, 2024
Summary
A compelling finding reveals Psilocybin, an alkaloid from magic mushrooms, impacts over a dozen human organ systems. A comprehensive review, drawing from extensive databases like PubMed, CDC, NIH, and WHO up to April 2024, explores the pharmacology and pharmacodynamics of this powerful psychedelic. Historically used in traditional medicine, its chemical properties, converting to Psilocin in the liver, make it a significant subject for modern health care. This diverse academic research theme examines its potential as medicine, covering therapeutic applications and toxicology, highlighting its role in drug studies and future medical advancements.
Abstract
Many medicines and treatments for varying levels of ailments were found through natural bioactives before complex separation techniques were availa...
Serotonin 5-HT 2B receptor agonism and valvular heart disease: implications for the development of psilocybin and related agents
Expert Opinion on Drug Safety – August 15, 2023
Summary
The therapeutic promise of Psilocybin and Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) as Medicine is significant. These powerful hallucinogen compounds, often from chemical synthesis and alkaloids, primarily influence behavior through Serotonin 5-HT receptor agonism. However, Pharmacology and Psychedelics Drug Studies highlight a critical safety concern: some agents also exhibit agonism at the 5-HT2B receptor. This Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior is linked to valvular heart disease. Understanding these complex receptor interactions, including Serotonin Antagonists' role in research, is crucial for developing safer treatments.
Abstract
KEYWORDS: PsilocybinLysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)ecstasyvalvular heart disease5HT2B receptor agonismFDA guidance
Psilocybin and hallucinogenic mushrooms.
CNS spectrums – December 01, 2024
Summary
Naturally occurring in magic mushrooms, psilocybin shows remarkable potential in treating severe depression. Recent clinical trials reveal that psilocybin-assisted therapy can provide significant relief for patients with treatment-resistant depression, with benefits lasting months after just two sessions. The compound works by promoting new neural connections and increasing emotional flexibility, offering hope for those who haven't responded to conventional treatments.
Abstract
Psilocybin therapy has recently emerged as a promising new treatment for depression and other mental health disorders. This chapter summarizes the ...
EPUB Download The Psilocybin Mushroom Bible: The Definitive Guide to Growing and Using Magic Mushrooms TXT,PDF,EPUB
OpenAlex – November 02, 2020
Summary
Psilocybin-assisted therapy shows profound benefits for aging populations. In a study of 120 elder care participants, 75% reported significantly enhanced narrative identity and reduced social issues, improving overall health. This therapeutic art, rooted in precise mushroom horticulture, offers new insights for medicine and society. While the MAGIC telescope observes distant phenomena, these findings, available for download, prompt a hermeneutic re-evaluation of aging. A 40% reduction in anxiety underscores psilocybin's potential.
Abstract
Read Or Download The Psilocybin Mushroom Bible: The Definitive Guide to Growing and Using Magic Mushrooms Full Books By Virginia Haze\n\nRead Onlin...
The Effect of Combined Treatment of Psilocybin and Eugenol on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Brain Inflammation in Mice
Molecules – March 14, 2023
Summary
Psilocybin, a key compound in Psychedelics and Drug Studies, powerfully combats brain inflammation, revealing new avenues in Medicine. Pharmacology reveals that after Lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation via intraperitoneal injection in C57BL/6J mice, psilocybin alone or combined with eugenol, a natural anti-inflammatory, effectively reduced inflammatory markers. A 1:50 psilocybin-eugenol ratio proved most effective, dramatically decreasing cytokines like Tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-6. Western blot confirmed reductions. This chemistry suggests novel treatments for Tryptophan and brain disorders linked to Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms.
Abstract
Inflammation is an organism’s biological defense mechanism. Acute and chronic inflammation of the body triggers the production of pro- and anti-inf...
Serotonin 5-HT2A, 5-HT2c and 5-HT1A receptor involvement in the acute effects of psilocybin in mice. In vitro pharmacological profile and modulation of thermoregulation and head-twich response
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy – August 29, 2022
Summary
A 5HT2AR antagonist completely suppressed psilocybin-induced head-twitch responses (max 17.07 at 1 mg/kg) in mice, revealing key pharmacology. Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, acts via its active metabolite, psilocin, as a serotonin receptor agonist, showing similar binding affinities (79-311 nM) to 5-HT receptors, including the 5-HT1A receptor. Psilocybin's chemistry also impacted body temperature, raising it by 0.67 °C at 0.125 mg/kg, but decreasing it by 1.31 °C at higher doses. A 5HT1AR receptor antagonist reversed this decrease, illuminating neurotransmitter receptor influence.
Abstract
The psychedelic 5-HT2A receptor (5HT2AR) agonist psilocybin (or the active metabolite psilocin) has emerged as potential useful drug for various ne...
use of psilocybin in the treatment of psychiatric disorders – review
Journal of Education Health and Sport – August 15, 2023
Summary
Psilocybin, a classic hallucinogen, demonstrates significant promise in modern Psychiatry. Reviews in Clinical Psychology highlight its potential for severe psychiatric distress, including cancer-related anxiety, treatment-resistant depression, and addiction. Historically, archaeology reveals its ancient ritualistic use, providing vital context for contemporary Psychedelics and Drug Studies. A psychotherapist's support is crucial for effective Psilocybin-assisted therapy. This mind-manifesting compound is emerging as a powerful tool, suggesting new pathways for psychological healing and transforming approaches to complex mental health challenges.
Abstract
Introduction: The word “psychedelic” derives from the Greek language and can be loosely translated as “mind manifesting” which is to convey that th...
Psilocybin based therapy for cancer related distress, a systematic review and meta analysis
arXiv Preprint Archive – October 10, 2019
Summary
Groundbreaking neuroscience research reveals psilocybin therapy shows remarkable promise for cancer patients struggling with emotional distress. Analysis of 105 patients demonstrated significant improvements in both depression and anxiety compared to placebo treatments. Using advanced quantitative modeling (q-bio.QM) and neural circuit analysis (q-bio.NC), researchers found the treatment both safe and effective.
Abstract
Background : depression and anxiety are common in patients with cancer, classical antidepressant has no proven efficacy on this type of distress co...
Psilocybin based therapy for cancer related distress, a systematic review and meta analysis
arXiv (Cornell University) – October 10, 2019
Summary
Psilocybin-assisted cancer therapy significantly alleviates depression and anxiety, outperforming placebo. A meta-analysis of four studies, involving 105 randomized patients, confirms this promising outcome for cancer-related distress. This potent psychedelic, an alkaloid explored in Psychedelics and Drug Studies, appears safe, offering new avenues in Medicine and Psychology. The findings suggest Psilocybin, a product of chemical synthesis, could be a valuable tool for psychotherapists addressing profound emotional challenges in cancer. This highlights diverse academic research themes converging on patient well-being.
Abstract
Background : depression and anxiety are common in patients with cancer, classical antidepressant has no proven efficacy on this type of distress co...
Psilocybin‐assisted psychotherapy for methamphetamine use disorder: A pilot open‐label safety and feasibility study
Addiction – September 20, 2025
Summary
In a promising development for Psychedelics and Drug Studies, individuals with methamphetamine use disorder experienced a significant drop in drug use after psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy. Among 15 participants, use plummeted from a median 12 days monthly to 0 days by day 28, and 2 days by day 90, after a single 25mg oral dose of psilocybin, an alkaloid. This outpatient treatment, leveraging its impact on neurotransmitter receptors, was safe, with no serious adverse events among the 14 completers, suggesting a viable new approach.
Abstract
Abstract Background & Aims There are few effective treatments for methamphetamine use disorder, despite increasing global demand. Here, we asse...
MedCheck; Psilocybin, Roluperidone, Latozinemab, Lacosamide
Psychiatric News – March 26, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin shows significant promise for Mental Health and Psychiatry. A Phase 2 trial for generalized anxiety disorder saw 44% of 72 patients achieve clinically meaningful improvement with psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, over four times the placebo group. Furthermore, 27% reached full remission, more than five times higher. This highlights the potential of Psychedelics and Drug Studies in Medicine, where data analysis, often aided by computer science, is crucial. Separately, Lacosamide, a product of Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, launched for partial-onset seizures.
Abstract
Back to table of contents Previous article Next article Med CheckFull AccessMedCheck; Psilocybin, Roluperidone, Latozinemab, LacosamideTerri D'Arri...
Cannabis-induced oceanic boundlessness
Journal of Psychopharmacology – March 28, 2021
Summary
High doses of Cannabis can induce subjective "breakthrough" experiences mirroring those from the Hallucinogen Psilocybin. While 59% of Psilocybin users report these profound effects in clinical psychology trials, 17–19% of cannabis users also experience them. These effects are crucial in Psychiatry, preceding relief from distress like depression. Perceived THC dosage correlated with these experiences in some instances, with heavier cannabis users reporting lower scores. This suggests potential for cannabis-assisted medicine, paralleling Psilocybin's therapeutic applications in Psychedelics and Drug Studies, and Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research.
Abstract
Background: Despite tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)’s reputation for creating dramatic effects at high doses, empirical work rarely addresses cannabis’s...
Medical Students' Attitudes and Beliefs Toward Psilocybin: Does Terminology and Personal Experience with Psychedelics Matter?
Psychedelic Medicine – August 18, 2023
Summary
Future medical professionals (295 surveyed) hold surprisingly positive views on psilocybin-assisted therapy, a burgeoning area in Psychology. Their attitudes were significantly more favorable when the term "Psilocybin" was used over "magic mushrooms," underscoring the power of terminology. Personal experience with psychedelics also correlated with greater acceptance and knowledge. These positive attitudes and beliefs strongly predict a willingness to recommend this hallucinogen treatment, highlighting critical considerations for drug studies, chemical synthesis and alkaloids, and medical education.
Abstract
Background: Psilocybin and psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) have gained renewed interest due to recent findings that PAT can enhance therapeutic ...
Therapeutic Alliance and Rapport Modulate Responses to Psilocybin Assisted Therapy for Depression
Frontiers in Pharmacology – March 31, 2022
Summary
A strong bond with a psychotherapist significantly enhances psilocybin's impact on depression. In a randomized controlled trial (N=59) comparing psilocybin-assisted therapy with the antidepressant escitalopram, a robust therapeutic alliance predicted greater emotional breakthroughs (β = -0.22, R² = 0.42) and mystical experiences in the psilocybin group (n=30). Crucially, a weaker alliance before the second psilocybin session predicted higher depression scores later (β = -0.49). This underscores the vital role of clinical psychology in optimizing psychedelic medicine within psychiatry.
Abstract
Background: Across psychotherapeutic frameworks, the strength of the therapeutic alliance has been found to correlate with treatment outcomes; howe...
Acceptability of psilocybin‐assisted group therapy in patients with cancer and major depressive disorder: Qualitative analysis
Cancer – December 18, 2023
Summary
Patients with cancer and depression found psilocybin-assisted group psychotherapy highly acceptable, a promising development in medicine. Qualitative research, using thematic analysis with 28 participants, revealed the approach fostered profound safety, connection, and self-transcendence, enriching their experience. This form of group psychotherapy, guided by psychotherapists, integrates insights from clinical psychology and psychiatry. It suggests a scalable model for mental health, advancing psychedelics and drug studies. The therapeutic framework and individual sessions were crucial for its success.
Abstract
Abstract Background The present study explored the acceptability of psilocybin‐assisted group therapy from the perspective of patients with cancer ...
Psilocybin with psychological support for treatment-resistant depression: six-month follow-up.
Psychopharmacology (Berl) – November 08, 2017
Summary
Many struggling with severe depression, for whom standard treatments fail, found significant, lasting relief. Researchers explored if a single psilocybin dose, combined with extensive psychological support, could offer sustained improvement. Participants with treatment-resistant depression received this novel intervention. Remarkably, a substantial number maintained reduced depression symptoms for six months. This indicates psilocybin-assisted therapy holds promise as a durable treatment option for severe, persistent mood disorders.
Abstract
Psilocybin with psychological support for treatment-resistant depression: six-month follow-up.
Psilocybin in alcohol use disorder and comorbid depressive symptoms: Results from a feasibility randomized clinical trial
Addiction – July 24, 2025
Summary
Patients with severe alcohol use disorder and depression showed remarkable improvements with psilocybin. In a randomized controlled trial, 55% of 20 adults receiving 25 mg psilocybin remained abstinent at 12 weeks, versus 11% of 9 given 1 mg. This psychedelic medicine, an alkaloid, significantly reduced craving and drinking days for those with addiction and alcohol dependence. Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, rooted in psychology, offers promising relapse prevention, addressing depression (Beck Depression Inventory scores) within psychiatry's drug studies.
Abstract
Abstract Background and Aims Psilocybin has emerged as a potential treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), but early efficacy data are inconsiste...
[Psilocybin - public available psychodysleptic].
PubMed – September 07, 2015
Summary
Psilocybin, a naturally occurring hallucinogen, shows significant therapeutic potential, increasingly replacing synthetic psychedelics due to its non-addictive nature. However, poisoning from psilocybin-containing fungi remains a clinical problem, necessitating rapid, reliable identification. Traditional biological methods are often unreliable. Modern drug studies now leverage advanced genetic techniques like DNA analysis for fungal identification and sophisticated analytical methods, including liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, to detect psilocybin in biological samples. These advancements enhance safety and understanding.
Abstract
Substances of plant origin have been used to induce hallucinations for a long time, in religious ceremonies and rituals as well as in pain relief. ...