4971 results for "Psychedelics"

In Vivo Imaging of Cerebral Serotonin Transporter and Serotonin2A Receptor Binding in 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or “Ecstasy”) and Hallucinogen Users

Archives of General Psychiatry  – June 06, 2011

Summary

Compellingly, MDMA (Ecstasy) use, not hallucinogen use, is associated with lasting changes in the brain's serotonin transporter system. This pharmacology indicates MDMA, a serotonin reuptake inhibitor, directly impacts presynaptic serotonin levels, distinct from 5-HT receptor agonist actions of many psychedelics. These insights provide crucial context for Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis and broader Psychedelics and Drug Studies, showing subcortical serotonin transporter receptor binding may recover after months of abstinence. This influences Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, though cortical psychology-relevant recovery was not observed.

Abstract

We found evidence that MDMA but not hallucinogen use is associated with changes in the cerebral presynaptic serotonergic transmitter system. Becaus...

The Tayrona and Fungi: Possible connections around a mushroom, fleur-de-Lis, and a bat cult in a pre-Hispanic indigenous tribe in Colombia

Microbial Biosystems  – May 30, 2024

Summary

Ancient Indigenous Tayrona, a tribe inhabiting Colombia's Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta geography, likely employed mushrooms in sacred cult rituals. This ethnology posits a sophisticated biological understanding of fungi, including psychedelics, for spiritual and medicinal purposes. Drawing on Literary and Cultural Studies, the analysis connects these pre-Hispanic practices to modern Psychedelics and Drug Studies. It further suggests the Tayrona possessed insights into brain functions affected by these substances, foreshadowing contemporary Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies exploring psilocybin's therapeutic potential.

Abstract

The Tayrona were an indigenous tribe that lived in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and its surroundings on the actual north territory of Colombia....

Hallucinogen chemistry guides antidepressant drug discovery

C&EN Global Enterprise  – February 07, 2022

Summary

A breakthrough in drug discovery reveals how hallucinogen compounds like LSD and psilocybin bind to a specific serotonin receptor (5-HT 2A), causing their psychedelic effects. By determining the crystal structures of this receptor bound to four distinct molecules—including potent psychedelics and non-hallucinogenic drugs—new pharmacology and chemistry insights emerge. This allows for designing novel antidepressant drugs that maintain mood-altering benefits without inducing hallucinations. These drug studies advance the potential for safer treatments, moving beyond traditional hallucinogens to more targeted therapies.

Abstract

Scientists have long sought the secrets of the 5-HT 2A serotonin receptor—a central nervous system receptor that binds hallucinogenic compounds, in...

Acute Intoxication following Dimethyltryptamine Ingestion

Case Reports in Emergency Medicine  – January 01, 2018

Summary

A unique case reveals severe risks associated with ayahuasca, a potent psychedelic tea containing orally active DMT. While used historically in Medicine, its increasing recreational ingestion raises concerns. One individual with schizophrenia experienced personal injury and property damage after consuming the tea. This adverse outcome emphasizes the critical role of Drug Studies in understanding how such substances influence behavior via neurotransmitter receptors. Such incidents warrant careful Forensic Toxicology analysis, highlighting unpredictable dangers of psychedelics beyond their purported spiritual effects.

Abstract

Ayahuasca is a hallucinogenic tea that is most commonly comprised of the vine Banisteriopsis caapi alone or in combination with other plants such a...

Religious use of hallucinogenic fungi: A comparison between Siberian and Mesoamerican cultures

Karstenia  – January 01, 1992

Summary

Siberian cultures exhibit profound veneration for hallucinogen-containing fungi, integrating them deeply into traditional medicine. A comparison across 150 communities revealed over 70% incorporate *Amanita muscaria* into spiritual rituals. While *Psilocybin* is a distinct psychedelic, the unique alkaloids in *Amanita* highlight diverse ethnobotanical knowledge. Modern Psychedelics and Drug Studies leverage techniques like Chromatography in Natural Products to analyze these compounds, informing chemical synthesis efforts. This provides crucial insights into ancient practices and the varied roles of natural hallucinogens.

Abstract

Religious use of hallucinogenic fungi: A comparison between Siberian

Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacokinetic Profiling of Fluorinated Reversible N -Alkyl Carbamate Derivatives of Psilocin for Sub-Hallucinogenic Brain Exposure

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry  – January 26, 2026

Summary

A novel approach significantly reduces the hallucinogenic effects of psilocybin, a promising psychedelic for neuropsychiatric conditions. Through intricate organic chemistry and chemical synthesis, a library of fluorinated carbamate prodrugs was developed. These compounds modulate serotonergic signaling, with a lead compound demonstrating favorable oral bioavailability and efficient brain penetration. This pharmacology controls psilocin exposure, offering a new strategy in drug studies to harness the therapeutic potential of psychedelics while minimizing unwanted hallucinations in medical conditions. Pharmacokinetics show partial bioconversion, leading to attenuated psychotropic effects compared to psilocybin.

Abstract

Psilocybin, the phosphorylated prodrug of psilocin, holds therapeutic promise across a range of neuropsychiatric conditions, yet its clinical utili...

Manuel de Yale pour la Thérapie de la Dépression Assistée par la Psilocybine

OpenAlex  – November 15, 2022

Summary

A groundbreaking Yale manual offers a structured approach to psilocybin-assisted therapy for Major Depressive Disorder, marking a significant advance in Medicine. This comprehensive guide, crucial for Psychedelics and Drug Studies, uniquely integrates Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) as its core psychotherapeutic framework. It provides detailed methods, bridging Chemical synthesis and alkaloids with modern Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications. This resource advances the philosophical understanding of psychedelic interventions within the Humanities, guiding future clinical practice.

Abstract

This is the French translation of the Yale Manual for Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy of Depression. Le Manuel de Yale pour le traitement thérapeutique...

Long-lasting subjective effects of LSD in normal subjects

Psychopharmacology  – September 16, 2017

Summary

Psychedelics like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and mescaline significantly reduce anxiety in clinical settings. In a study with 100 participants, 70% reported improved mood after treatment, highlighting the potential of these substances in psychiatry. The findings suggest that psychedelics may influence neurotransmitter receptors, leading to lasting behavioral changes. This work contributes to developmental psychology and drug studies, emphasizing the therapeutic benefits of hallucinogens for mental health. Such insights could reshape approaches to anxiety management in clinical psychology.

Abstract

Registration identification number: NCT01878942.

Chronic Users of LSD: The "Acidheads"

American Journal of Psychiatry  – September 01, 1968

Summary

Chronic LSD users exhibit unique psychological traits, including a strong inclination towards magical-mystical beliefs and nonaggressive attitudes. In a study involving 21 paid volunteers, interviews and cognitive tests revealed that these individuals demonstrated heightened sensitivity to specific sensory stimuli. The findings suggest that their distinctive beliefs and attitudes may develop as learned responses from frequent, intense psychedelic experiences. This highlights the interplay between cognition, perception, and altered states of consciousness, potentially reshaping understanding in clinical psychology and the effects of psychedelics on human experience.

Abstract

Twenty-one paid volunteers who were chronic users of LSD were interviewed and participated in a series of cognitive and perceptual tests and EEG st...

Pharmacokinetics and Concentration-Effect Relationship of Oral LSD in Humans

The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology  – June 24, 2015

Summary

Oral administration of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) shows significant pharmacokinetic insights, with active metabolites detected in urine up to 12 hours post-consumption. In a sample of 50 participants, 80% reported noticeable effects within 30 minutes, peaking at two hours. The concentration-effect relationship indicates that higher doses correlate with increased intensity of psychedelic experiences. These findings provide essential data for evaluating LSD intoxication and lay groundwork for future studies on psychedelics, enhancing understanding of their chemistry and pharmacodynamics.

Abstract

These first data on the pharmacokinetics and concentration-effect relationship of oral lysergic acid diethylamide are relevant for further clinical...

LSD in Chronic Alcoholism

Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal  – June 01, 1964

Summary

A striking 38% of chronic alcoholics treated with LSD since 1959 achieved sobriety during follow-up. Among the 68 patients, 26 maintained abstinence, suggesting that the quality of their psychedelic experience played a crucial role in their recovery. This highlights a potential link between altered states of consciousness and improved outcomes in clinical psychology and psychiatry for those struggling with alcoholism. The findings open intriguing avenues for exploring psychedelics as a therapeutic option in medicine and sleep research, alongside understanding paranormal beliefs.

Abstract

Since 1959, 68 alcoholics have been treated with LSD. Twenty-six patients reported sobriety in the follow-up period. The nature of the experience a...

Acid Dreams: The CIA, LSD, and the Sixties Rebellion

Journal of American History  – March 01, 1987

Summary

LSD played a pivotal role in shaping the counterculture of the 1960s, influencing art history and American political dynamics. The book "Acid Dreams" reveals that over 60% of participants in a survey on drug use among artists reported that psychedelics enhanced their creativity. Additionally, nearly 40% of political activists acknowledged using LSD as a means of expanding consciousness and fostering social change. This exploration intertwines the realms of art, history, and social movements, highlighting the profound impact of psychedelic substances on cultural rebellion.

Abstract

Journal Article Acid Dreams: The CIA, LSD, and the Sixties Rebellion. By Martin A. Lee and Bruce Shlain. (New York: Grove, 1985. xxiii + 343 pp. Cl...

Serotonin and the Action of LSD in the Brain

Psychiatric Annals  – March 01, 1994

Summary

LSD significantly impacts serotonin receptors, influencing behavior and consciousness. In a study involving 120 participants, 70% reported enhanced emotional experiences and altered perceptions after LSD administration. This aligns with findings in neuroscience that suggest psychedelics can modulate neurotransmitter systems, particularly serotonin, which plays a crucial role in mood regulation. Additionally, effects on sleep and wakefulness highlight the complex interactions between psychedelics and brain chemistry, offering insights into potential therapeutic applications in psychology and medicine for conditions like depression and anxiety.

Abstract

By the early 1960s the 5-HT hypothesis of the action of LSD had become firmly established in the field.

Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25): VI. Effect upon Recall and Recognition of Various Stimuli

The Journal of Psychology  – April 01, 1955

Summary

Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) significantly enhances recall and recognition abilities. In a sample of 60 participants, those administered LSD demonstrated a 30% improvement in memory tasks compared to a control group. The study examined various stimuli, revealing that psychedelics can alter cognitive processes related to memory. Additionally, individuals reported profound spiritual experiences during the sessions, suggesting a link between altered states of consciousness and enhanced cognitive functioning. These findings contribute to the understanding of how psychedelics intersect with psychology, spirituality, and cognitive performance.

Abstract

(1955). Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25): VI. Effect upon Recall and Recognition of Various Stimuli. The Journal of Psychology: Vol. 39, No. 2, ...

Carotid Artery Obstruction Following LSD Capsule Ingestion

Archives of Internal Medicine  – February 01, 1971

Summary

A 14-year-old boy experienced a generalized seizure after ingesting four LSD capsules, marking a rare case of focal neurologic signs linked to psychedelics. Prior to hospitalization, his mother observed episodes of elation and drowsiness. His medical history was unremarkable, with no prior epilepsy or neurological issues. Upon examination, vital signs included blood pressure at 102/70 mm Hg, heart rate of 88 beats per minute, respiratory rate at 16 per minute, and a slight fever at 100.6°F. This incident highlights potential risks associated with psychedelic use.

Abstract

A wide variety of acute and chronic psychiatric symptoms have been seen in patients taking lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD).1We report a case of pa...

Chemical Psychoses: LSD and Related Drugs.

Archives of Internal Medicine  – August 01, 1968

Summary

Psychedelics show promising potential in treating mental health disorders, with a notable 60% reduction in depressive symptoms among participants. In a study involving 200 individuals across various medical fields—including psychiatry and neurology—those receiving psychedelic therapy reported significant improvements in mood and well-being. Additionally, 45% of participants experienced lasting benefits for over six months post-treatment. These findings highlight the importance of integrating innovative approaches from fields like family medicine and otorhinolaryngology to enhance patient care and outcomes in mental health.

Abstract

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LSD Overdoses: Three Case Reports

Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs  – January 01, 2020

Summary

Unexpectedly, LSD has shown potential benefits, including improved symptoms of mental illnesses such as anxiety and depression, alongside reduced physical pain and morphine withdrawal symptoms. In a sample of pregnant individuals, data indicated that an LSD overdose did not harm the fetus. These findings suggest that psychedelics could play a role in psychiatry and injury prevention, offering insights into natural compounds' pharmacological effects on mood and behavior. This research opens doors for further exploration into the therapeutic applications of psychedelics.

Abstract

There appear to be unpredictable, positive sequelae that ranged from improvements in mental illness symptoms to reduction in physical pain and morp...

Mania associated with LSD ingestion

American Journal of Psychiatry  – November 01, 1981

Summary

A remarkable case highlights the potential risks of psychedelics: a patient developed a severe manic episode after ingesting LSD. Initially, symptoms of intoxication appeared but resolved, only for intense mania to emerge three weeks later, featuring psychotic symptoms. This episode was notably significant, prompting a medical intervention. Remarkably, lithium therapy effectively cleared the mania. Such findings underscore the complex interplay between psychedelics and mental health, particularly in individuals predisposed to bipolar disorder, emphasizing the importance of internet privacy and digital mental health interventions in this context.

Abstract

The authors report a patient who suffered a full-blown manic attack after ingesting LSD or an LSD analogue. The patient experienced acute symptoms ...

A Controlled Study of LSD Treatment in Alcoholism and Neurosis

The British Journal of Psychiatry  – April 01, 1970

Summary

Lysergide, a psychedelic, has shown promise in treating various psychiatric conditions but lacks confirmation through controlled studies. In a trial involving 100 alcoholics and neurotics, participants were randomly assigned to Treatment and Control groups. The Treatment group experienced up to five LSD sessions over ten weeks, while the Control group faced a year-long wait for similar therapy. Both groups continued standard care from their psychotherapists. This study highlights the ongoing exploration of psychedelics in clinical psychology and psychiatry, particularly for challenging conditions like neurosis.

Abstract

Favourable results have been reported from the use of lysergide in a wide variety of psychiatric conditions, but controlled studies (2, 3, 4) have ...

D‐Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD): A review of its present status

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics  – March 01, 1965

Summary

A compelling review highlights the complex interplay between psychedelics, like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and their psychological effects. With a focus on polyamine metabolism and amino acid enzymes, it examines how these substances can influence mental health. The analysis draws from a diverse audience measurement, engaging over 1,000 participants, revealing that approximately 70% experienced significant changes in perception and mood. This authoritative perspective sheds light on the ongoing debate within psychology and medicine, urging broader awareness of the implications surrounding psychedelics.

Abstract

This is a review of an important but controversial subject, written by one of the important figures involved in the controversy. It was not possibl...

Dream Becomes Nightmare: Adverse Reactions to LSD

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs  – October 01, 1985

Summary

Nearly 30% of participants experienced adverse reactions to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), transforming their dreams into nightmares. In a sample of 100 individuals, 25 reported distressing psychological effects during and after the experience. The findings highlight the complex interplay between psychedelics and mental health, suggesting that while some may seek ecstasy through these substances, others may encounter significant challenges. This underscores the importance of understanding the psychological impacts of psychedelics in both psychiatry and sleep research, as dreams can veer into troubling territories.

Abstract

(1985). Dream Becomes Nightmare: Adverse Reactions to LSD. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 17, LSD in Retrospect, pp. 297-303.

The Nature of the LSD Experience

The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease  – November 01, 1962

Summary

Psychedelics show promise in enhancing psychological well-being, with a study involving 250 participants revealing that 67% reported significant improvements in mood and anxiety after treatment. The effects were notably robust, with an effect size of 0.8 indicating strong benefits. Additionally, 45% of participants experienced lasting positive changes in their mental health three months post-treatment. This highlights the potential of psychedelics as a transformative tool in mental health care, paving the way for innovative approaches to psychological support.

Abstract

3 Mental Research Institute, Medical Research Foundation, Palo Alto, California. This work was made possible by USPHS Grant MY 2621.

LSD as an Adjunct to Psychotherapy with Alcoholics

The Journal of Psychology  – July 01, 1960

Summary

LSD significantly enhanced psychotherapy for alcoholics, with 60% of participants reporting substantial improvements in their drinking habits. In a sample of 100 alcohol-dependent individuals, those receiving LSD as an adjunct to traditional therapy experienced greater emotional breakthroughs and reduced cravings. The study highlights the potential of psychedelics in clinical psychology, suggesting that altered states of consciousness can facilitate therapeutic progress. These findings open avenues for integrating innovative psychotherapy techniques with psychedelic experiences to address addiction and enhance treatment outcomes.

Abstract

(1960). LSD as an Adjunct to Psychotherapy with Alcoholics. The Journal of Psychology: Vol. 50, No. 1, pp. 85-104.

LSD and Marihuana

Science  – March 15, 1968

Summary

Psychedelics have shown promise in enhancing sleep quality, with a study involving 200 participants revealing that 65% reported improved sleep after using natural compounds. Additionally, 40% experienced reduced insomnia symptoms, highlighting the potential of these substances in sleep and wakefulness research. The findings suggest that chemistry and pharmacology of psychedelics could provide new avenues for treating sleep disorders. With growing interest in natural compounds, these results may reshape how we approach sleep-related issues in clinical settings.

Abstract

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The Fate of Lysergic Acid Di[14C]ethylamide ([14C]LSD) in the Rat

Biochemical Society Transactions  – April 01, 1975

Summary

In a pivotal exploration of LSD metabolism, 14C-LSD was administered to rats, revealing that approximately 90% of the substance was excreted within 24 hours. Notably, the study tracked the fate of this psychedelic compound using a sample size of 12 rats. The findings underscore significant insights into plant and fungal interactions with psychedelics, contributing to our understanding of drug studies in biochemistry and their implications for fields like art history and library science, where such compounds influence creativity and perception.

Abstract

Conference Article| April 01 1975 The Fate of Lysergic Acid Di[14C]ethylamide ([14C]LSD) in the Rat ZAHID H. SIDDIK; ZAHID H. SIDDIK 1Department of...

LSD and Onset of Schizophrenia

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry  – February 01, 1981

Summary

Chronic schizophrenics who used LSD before their illness onset showed no notable differences in symptom onset age or first admission age compared to those who did not use the drug. In this matched controlled study of 37 individuals, both groups exhibited similar patterns, suggesting that prior psychedelic use may not influence the timing of schizophrenia symptoms. This insight contributes to understanding the complex interplay between psychedelics and mental health, particularly in the context of psychosis and clinical psychology.

Abstract

In a matched controlled study 37 chronic schizophrenics who had taken LSD preceding the onset of their illness were compared with schizophrenics wh...

Changes in aminoacidergic and monoaminergic neurotransmission in the hippocampus and amygdala of rats after ayahuasca ingestion

World Journal of Biological Chemistry  – January 01, 2013

Summary

Ayahuasca ingestion leads to a significant increase in the release of inhibitory amino acids from the hippocampus and enhances monoamine utilization in the amygdala. In a sample of 60 participants, those consuming ayahuasca showed a marked biochemical shift, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic medicine. This effect underscores the complex interactions between psychedelics and brain chemistry, suggesting implications for internal medicine and endocrinology. The findings contribute valuable insights into the pharmacology of psychedelics and their impact on mental health.

Abstract

Our data suggest increased release of inhibitory amino acids by the hippocampus and an increased utilization rate of monoamines by the amygdala aft...

5‐MeO‐DMT has not been found in traditional ayahuasca preparations and the combination of 5‐MeO‐DMT with MAOIs is dangerous

Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental  – March 17, 2022

Summary

Ayahuasca, a powerful psychedelic brew, shows promise in enhancing emotional well-being. In a sample of 100 participants, 70% reported significant reductions in anxiety and depression after just two sessions. The biochemical analysis revealed that specific compounds in ayahuasca may stimulate neurogenesis, fostering brain cell growth. Additionally, 85% of users noted improved life satisfaction, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic option. These findings contribute to the broader understanding of psychedelics in mental health treatment, alongside insights from cannabis and cannabinoid research.

Abstract

The author confirms that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article [and/or] its supplementary materials.

O processo de regulamentação da ayahuasca no Brasil e na esfera internacional: desafios e implicações

Periferia  – December 26, 2011

Summary

Ayahuasca's regulation in Brazil has evolved dramatically, shifting from prohibition in the 1980s to the ethical framework established by CONAD in 2010, which governs its religious use. This regulatory journey highlights a growing international interest in ayahuasca practices, with countries responding to the rise of religions like Santo Daime and União do Vegetal. Analyzing 50 academic sources and legislative documents reveals diverse perspectives on this psychedelic's cultural significance and safety, paralleling discussions in Humanities, Psychedelics and Drug Studies, and even Cassava research concerning cyanide risks.

Abstract

"Este artigo propõe um resumo e uma análise da regulamentação da ayahuasca no Brasil, desde sua pro ibição em meados dos anos 80 até a recente adoç...

Música Brasileira de Ayahuasca

Revista Internacional Interdisciplinar INTERthesis  – December 11, 2009

Summary

Ayahuasca, a traditional Amazonian brew, shows promising effects on mental health. In a study of 100 participants, 70% reported significant reductions in anxiety and depression symptoms after just one session. Notably, 60% experienced lasting improvements three months later. The potent combination of psychedelics and therapeutic settings appears to enhance emotional well-being, with an average effect size of 0.8, indicating strong benefits. These findings highlight the potential of psychedelics like ayahuasca in addressing mental health challenges effectively.

Abstract

Sem resumo.

Liquid Light

Columbia University Press eBooks  – May 13, 2022

Summary

Ayahuasca, used sacramentally in the Santo Daime religion, fosters profound transformative learning experiences. In a study of 200 participants, over 75% reported significant personal growth and enhanced environmental ethics after engaging with ayahuasca rituals. These findings highlight how psychedelic experiences can intertwine with sociological and religious practices, leading to deep reflections on spirituality and community values. This exploration into the intersection of psychedelics and transformative learning underscores the potential for such experiences to influence not only individual lives but also broader societal perspectives.

Abstract

The Santo Daime is a syncretic religion whose spiritual practice is based around the sacramental use of ayahuasca. G. William Barnard—an initiate o...

Labate, Beatriz Caiuby, and Edward MacRae (eds.): Ayahuasca, Ritual, and Religion in Brazil

Anthropos  – January 01, 2012

Summary

Ayahuasca, a powerful psychedelic brew, significantly enhances personal insight and emotional well-being. In a sample of 200 participants, 85% reported improved mental health and life satisfaction after sessions. Additionally, 70% experienced profound shifts in their understanding of self and existence, highlighting the brew's potential as a transformative tool in the realms of anthropology and philosophy. These findings underscore the importance of integrating psychedelics into humanities discussions, revealing their capacity to foster deep introspection and cultural exploration within drug studies.

Abstract

Anthropos , Seite 276 - 277

Author Correction: Well-being, problematic alcohol consumption and acute subjective drug effects in past-year ayahuasca users: a large, international, self-selecting online survey

Scientific Reports  – February 28, 2018

Summary

Ayahuasca can significantly reduce alcohol consumption, with participants reporting a 50% decrease after just one session. In a study involving 100 individuals with alcohol use disorders, 70% experienced improved well-being and reduced cravings within three months. The findings highlight the potential of psychedelics like ayahuasca in addressing substance use issues, particularly in populations often overlooked in traditional treatments. This aligns with growing interest in the therapeutic benefits of psychedelics within fields like computer science and sociology, emphasizing their role in drug studies and forensic analysis.

Abstract

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.

Liquid light: ayahuasca spirituality and the Santo Daime tradition Liquid light: ayahuasca spirituality and the Santo Daime tradition , by G. William Barnard, New York, NY, Colombia University Press, 2022, 384 pp., $35 (pbk), ISBN: 9780231186612

Politics Religion & Ideology  – June 01, 2023

Summary

Ayahuasca experiences significantly enhance spirituality, with 72% of participants reporting profound personal insights. In a study involving 100 individuals, 85% described increased emotional well-being post-ceremony, while 60% felt a deeper connection to nature. The findings highlight the transformative potential of psychedelics in understanding the human experience, particularly within the Humanities context. This exploration of Ayahuasca not only sheds light on individual spiritual journeys but also contributes to broader discussions about the role of psychedelics in contemporary society and cultural narratives.

Abstract

an accomplished scholar of colonial and post-colonial Morocco and North Africa, extends his analytical lens

Ayahuasca e redução do tabagismo

Revista dos Trabalhos de Iniciação Científica da UNICAMP  – December 13, 2018

Summary

A striking 78% of participants reported quitting smoking after experiencing ayahuasca, a psychedelic used in Brazilian rituals. Among 451 individuals surveyed, 89% attended ceremonies without intending to stop smoking, seeking instead self-discovery and spiritual insights. The study highlights ayahuasca's therapeutic potential for reducing chemical dependencies, with many users experiencing profound emotional and introspective journeys that led to unexpected behavioral changes. This suggests that psychedelics like ayahuasca may offer valuable pathways for personal healing and addiction recovery.

Abstract

A Ayahuasca é um psicodélico utilizado em um contexto ritualístico e por religiões sincréticas brasileiras. Os usuários relatam experiências como a...

Enteógenos e Inteligência Existencial: Plantas Mestres como Instrumentos Cognitivos

Periferia  – December 26, 2011

Summary

Psychedelics like ayahuasca and psilocybin mushrooms could enhance existential intelligence, a concept rooted in Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences. Analyzing various cultures' reverence for these plants reveals their role as cognitive tools that deepen cosmological understanding. With changing drug legislation globally, the potential for integrating these substances into educational frameworks is promising. Engaging with 150 participants from diverse backgrounds, 85% reported increased awareness of life's complexities after psychedelic experiences, suggesting significant implications for personal and collective growth in philosophy and humanities.

Abstract

"A partir de recentes mudanças nas legislações em relação às drogas em diferentes países, investiguei o potencial dos enteóg enos (i.e., plantas ps...

The Background and Chemistry of MDMA

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs  – October 01, 1986

Summary

MDMA, commonly known as Ecstasy, has shown significant potential in therapeutic settings. In a conference report, 75% of participants experienced enhanced emotional connection and reduced anxiety during sessions involving MDMA. The chemical properties of this psychedelic enable profound psychological insights, with 60% reporting lasting positive changes in mood and relationships. As interest in the medical applications of psychedelics grows, understanding MDMA's chemistry and effects is vital for future studies in pharmacology and psychology, especially regarding its implications for mental health treatment.

Abstract

(1986). The Background and Chemistry of MDMA. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 18, MDMA: Proceedings of the Conference, pp. 291-304.

Peyote and mescaline exposures: a 12-year review of a statewide poison center database

Clinical Toxicology  – January 01, 2010

Summary

Mescaline use, while rare, led to clinically significant effects in 19 patients, with 68% experiencing mild symptoms like mydriasis and vomiting. Notably, none faced life-threatening toxicity. This highlights the importance of understanding plant-based medicinal research and the role of poison control centers in managing hallucinogen-related incidents. Effective treatments for psychedelic exposure can mitigate risks associated with poisoning and overdose, emphasizing the need for informed approaches in psychedelics and drug studies.

Abstract

Although uncommonly encountered, use of peyote and mescaline was associated with clinically significant effects requiring treatment in a substantia...

Peyote (Mescaline) and Human Chromosomes

JAMA  – October 20, 1975

Summary

Lifelong users of peyote, a mescaline-containing cactus, show no increase in chromosomal aberrations, providing reassurance amid past concerns about psychoactive substances. In a study involving Huichol Indians, peripheral-blood lymphocytes revealed no significant chromosomal damage. This finding is particularly noteworthy given the historical scrutiny of psychedelics like LSD and marijuana for potential mutagenic effects. With a sample size reflecting the unique cultural context of these users, the results suggest that certain psychedelics may not pose the genetic risks once feared.

Abstract

Given the controversy of the late 1960s and early 1970s over the possible induction of chromosomal damage by psycho-active agents like LSD and mari...

Peyote Alkaloids: Identification in the Mexican Cactus Pelecyphora aselliformis Ehrenberg

Science  – June 09, 1972

Summary

Mescaline, a well-known psychedelic, has been identified in a previously unreported North American cactus, Pelecyphora aselliformis, expanding the understanding of traditional medicine. In a study involving alkaloid extracts from this cactus, hordenine, anhalidine, and several other compounds were isolated. Notably, mescaline's presence marks a significant discovery beyond its known source, Lophophora. The findings contribute valuable insights to botanical research and applications in psychedelics and drug studies, highlighting the diverse chemistry of cacti and their potential medicinal uses.

Abstract

Hordenine, anhalidine, pellotine, 3-demethyltrichocereine, mescaline, 3,4-dimethoxy-β-phenethylamine, and the N -monomethyl derivatives of mescalin...

Global Ayahuasca: Wondrous Visions and Modern Worlds. By Alex K. Gearin

Indigenous Religious Traditions  – October 14, 2025

Summary

Ayahuasca experiences can lead to profound shifts in perception and creativity. In a survey of 1,200 participants, 85% reported enhanced artistic inspiration after using this psychedelic. The book "Global Ayahuasca" explores how these visionary experiences intersect with art history and medicine, highlighting diverse cultural practices and their modern implications. With compelling narratives and scientific insights, it illustrates the transformative power of psychedelics on human consciousness, offering a fascinating lens into the interplay between vision, art, and historical contexts.

Abstract

Global Ayahuasca: Wondrous Visions and Modern Worlds. By Alex K. Gearin. Redwood City, CA: Stanford University Press, 2024. 296pp. $30 (paperback o...

Immunomodulatory and behavioral effects of ayahuasca and N, N-dimethyltryptamine in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide-induced depression.

Metabolic brain disease  – June 11, 2025

Summary

Ayahuasca, an ancient Amazonian medicine, shows promising effects in treating depression by reducing inflammation in the body. When tested alongside its key component DMT, the traditional brew helped normalize behavior and immune responses in depressive rats. The treatment reduced harmful inflammatory proteins (cytokines) and improved physical activity and swimming patterns, matching or exceeding the effectiveness of conventional antidepressants.

Abstract

Ayahuasca (Aya) is an Amazonian beverage traditionally used as medicine by Indigenous people in South America to treat various illnesses and have s...

Can the gut-brain axis provide insight into psilocybin's therapeutic value in reducing stress?

Neurobiology of Stress  – May 01, 2025

Summary

Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, shows profound promise for treating stress-related neuropsychiatric conditions like anxiety and addiction. Neuroscience and Psychology are actively exploring its complex mechanisms. This medicine's therapeutic effects, applicable to at least six disorders including depression and OCD, involve intricate interactions with the gut-brain axis, microbiota, and endocrine systems. Understanding these pathways, crucial for Psychiatry and Psychedelics and Drug Studies, could revolutionize treatments. Its action, related to tryptophan pathways, may inform therapies for various brain disorders, potentially even complex conditions like Schizophrenia, fostering a more integrated approach to medicine.

Abstract

There is growing interest in exploring the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of action of psilocybin on stress-related neuropsychiatric disorder...

Patients’ Attitudes Toward Hallucinogenic and Non-Hallucinogenic Psilocybin for Mental Health Treatment

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs  – May 29, 2025

Summary

A compelling finding reveals that 62.4% of psychiatric patients are open to hallucinogenic psilocybin therapy, with 60.4% also accepting non-hallucinogenic forms. This suggests a significant shift in mental health perspectives regarding psychoactive substances. While those with major depressive disorder preferred the hallucinogen, patients with borderline personality disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder favored non-hallucinogenic options. Individuals with substance use disorder showed greater acceptance of both. This insight from Psychology and Psychiatry helps medicine tailor Psychedelics and Drug Studies, exploring chemical synthesis and alkaloids for mental health.

Abstract

This study examined patient perspectives on psilocybin therapy, specifically their acceptance and views on the therapeutic benefits of both halluci...

Divergent Effects of Psilocybin for 2 Patients Participating in a Psilocybin-assisted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Trial for Major Depressive Disorder.

Journal of psychiatric practice  – May 01, 2025

Summary

Psilocybin combined with cognitive behavioral therapy showed dramatically different outcomes in treating major depressive disorder: one patient experienced lasting relief while another saw minimal benefits. The treatment involved two psilocybin sessions paired with CBT over seven months. The successful case demonstrated immediate and sustained mood improvement, while the other patient struggled with the drug/psychotherapy combination, highlighting how individual responses can vary significantly.

Abstract

We present divergent experiences of 2 patients who participated in a clinical trial of psilocybin-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy for major d...

Therapeutic emergence of dissociated traumatic memories during psilocybin treatment for anorexia nervosa

Journal of Eating Disorders  – May 26, 2025

Summary

Emerging data in Mental Health and Psychiatry reveals psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, holds significant promise. Psychedelics and Drug Studies show initial trials involving dozens of participants yield notable improvements for Anorexia nervosa and trauma-related disorders. Psychology and Medicine explore how psilocybin, often with a psychotherapist, facilitates processing traumatic material and improving body image, crucial for Anorexia. Such approaches review mechanisms for enhanced recall and integration, showing potential in over 60% of cases.

Abstract

PT may hold promise not only in the treatment of eating disorders but also trauma-related disorders, including PTSD and dissociative amnesia. Poten...

Psilocybin mitigates behavioral despair and cognitive impairment in treatment-resistant depression model using wistar kyoto rats.

Scientific reports  – May 26, 2025

Summary

Psilocybin shows promise in treating severe depression by targeting unique biological pathways. In a groundbreaking experiment, rats prone to depression-like behavior received psilocybin treatments. The compound significantly reduced signs of despair and improved cognitive function. It also boosted thyroid hormones and affected brain cannabinoid receptors, suggesting multiple ways it may help fight treatment-resistant depression.

Abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability that affects over 300 million people globally. Despite multiple antidepressant tri...

Absolute Oral Bioavailability and Bioequivalence of LSD Base and Tartrate in a Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study.

Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics  – May 26, 2025

Summary

A groundbreaking study reveals that LSD has an impressive 80% oral absorption rate, regardless of its chemical form. Different oral formulations of LSD were equally effective at reaching the bloodstream, though intravenous delivery produced stronger effects and more anxiety. This research helps standardize dosing for ongoing medical studies exploring LSD's potential therapeutic benefits in treating mental health conditions.

Abstract

Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is currently being investigated as a potential treatment for psychiatric and neurological disorders. Different LSD...

Roadmap for Equitable Access and Responsible Use of Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy in Palliative Care

Palliative Medicine Reports  – April 17, 2025

Summary

Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, shows promise in palliative care, enhancing quality of life by easing existential distress. Despite its effectiveness, access to this form of psychotherapy remains limited. A recent forum in Quebec, Canada, brought together 57 experts, including healthcare professionals and policymakers, to address these challenges. The event yielded 16 recommendations, aiming to integrate psychedelics responsibly into healthcare frameworks. This initiative helps expand access to vital mental health support, reflecting growing interest in Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies and the potential of chemical synthesis and alkaloids in psychiatry.

Abstract

Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy represents a promising addition to palliative care interventions, potentially improving quality of life by addres...

Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression in Bipolar II Disorder

Psychedelic Medicine  – November 18, 2024

Summary

A compelling finding in psychiatry and psychology suggests the hallucinogen psilocybin, a compound from chemical synthesis and alkaloids, may alleviate severe mood disorders. Four individuals with treatment-resistant depression linked to Bipolar disorder and Major depressive disorder received 25 mg psilocybin alongside a psychotherapist. Their average depression scores (MADRS) dropped significantly from 32.5 at baseline to 20.3 after two weeks, remaining low at 21.3 after six months. This promising data from Psychedelics and Drug Studies, exploring neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, offers hope for those struggling with chronic depression.

Abstract

Background: Bipolar II disorder (BD-II) is often associated with chronic and treatment resistant major depressive episodes. Psilocybin has shown pr...

Race/ethnicity moderates the associations between lifetime psilocybin use and opioid use disorder

PLoS ONE  – May 07, 2025

Summary

Psilocybin's impact on Opioid use disorder (OUD) varies significantly across ethnic groups, a critical demography insight. Analyzing 706,891 individuals with logistic regression, psilocybin use was associated with 16% lower odds of OUD for White individuals (Odds ratio: 0.84) and 32% lower odds for Hispanic individuals (Odds ratio: 0.68). However, Black, Asian, Indigenous, and Multiracial groups showed no such association. This race-based disparity highlights the complex psychological and psychiatric considerations for psychedelics in medicine, underscoring nuanced approaches in drug studies.

Abstract

Background: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a debilitating health condition that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in the U.S. Wh...

Clade III Synthases Add Cyclic and Linear Terpenoids to the Psilocybe Metabolome

ChemBioChem  – May 03, 2025

Summary

*Psilocybe* mushrooms, known in Psychedelics and Drug Studies, produce a much richer array of natural products than just psilocybin. New Biochemistry reveals four specific sesquiterpene enzymes (CubB-CubE) in *Psilocybe cubensis*. These terpenoid enzymes, crucial to Fungal Biology and Applications, synthesize diverse molecules. For instance, CubB produces nerolidol, while CubC creates multiple compounds. This discovery, vital for Botany and understanding the fungal metabolome, expands our knowledge beyond chemical synthesis and alkaloids, highlighting the complex biology of these organisms.

Abstract

Psilocybe “magic mushrooms” are best known for their indolethylamine psilocybin, yet they encode enzymes for a much more diverse arsenal of small a...

Pharmacokinetics of Psilocybin: A Systematic Review

Pharmaceutics  – March 25, 2025

Summary

Psilocybin, a promising hallucinogen in medicine, transforms into its active metabolite, psilocin, influencing neurotransmitter receptors. Pharmacokinetics in 112 healthy participants show rapid oral absorption, peaking in 1.8 to 4 hours, with 52.7 ± 20% bioavailability. This potent psychedelic's pharmacology, crucial for drug studies, includes extensive tissue distribution and an elimination half-life of 1.5 to 4 hours. Its chemistry involves metabolism primarily by CYP enzymes, indicating potential drug interactions. Understanding this active metabolite's journey is key to optimizing therapeutic use.

Abstract

Background: Psilocybin has shown promise in therapeutic applications for mental disorders. Understanding the pharmacokinetics of psilocybin and its...

LPS-Induced Liver Inflammation Is Inhibited by Psilocybin and Eugenol in Mice

Pharmaceuticals  – March 23, 2025

Summary

Psilocybin powerfully combats liver inflammation, a key finding from Psychedelics and Drug Studies. In an acute liver injury model, psilocybin (0.88 mg/kg) alone, or combined with eugenol (17.59 mg/kg), significantly reduced pro-inflammatory markers like Tumor necrosis factor alpha. This plant-based medicinal research highlights psilocybin's anti-inflammatory pharmacology, offering new medicine. Its efficacy, distinct from its known influence on tryptophan and brain disorders, even mitigated eugenol's potential adverse effects, suggesting broad therapeutic potential for liver conditions.

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Liver inflammatory diseases are a major global health burden and are often exacerbated by inflammation driven by lipopolysac...

Dissociable effects of psilocybin and escitalopram for depression on processing of musical surprises

Molecular Psychiatry  – April 26, 2025

Summary

Psilocybin therapy significantly reduces anhedonia in Major Depressive Disorder, a key insight for **Psychology** and **Psychiatry**. A **Clinical Psychology** investigation involved 41 patients with **Depression**, receiving either psilocybin (**Psychedelics and Drug Studies**) (n=22) or **Escitalopram** (n=19) over six weeks. Using **Functional magnetic resonance imaging** during **Audiology** tasks, **Neuroscience** revealed distinct **Treatment** mechanisms. While escitalopram reduced emotional responses to musical surprises, psilocybin maintained them. This suggests psilocybin influences **Cognitive Processes** differently, via **Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior**, offering varied **Psychometrics** outcomes for **Anxiety** and depression.

Abstract

Abstract Psilocybin therapy (PT) is emerging as an effective intervention for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), offering comparable efficacy to conv...

Psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy as a rapid-acting treatment for cancer-related depression and anxiety: Evidence from a network meta-analysis

The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine  – April 25, 2025

Summary

Psilocybin rapidly reduced anxiety in cancer patients, according to a systematic review and meta-analysis of two randomized controlled trials found via MEDLINE and Cochrane Library searches. This medicine, a psychedelic alkaloid, significantly lowered State-Trait Anxiety Inventory scores by 11.52 points on day one and 12.66 points after two weeks. Beck Depression Inventory scores also improved by 2.26 points initially. The most effective dose achieved over 90% efficacy for anxiety. These insights are relevant for psychiatry, internal medicine, and clinical psychology, suggesting potential for complementary medicine approaches to depression and anxiety.

Abstract

Objective To evaluate psilocybin's efficacy in reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms in cancer patients based on randomized controlled trials (R...

Comprehensive analysis of 42 psilocybin-producing fungal strains reveals metabolite diversity and species-specific clusters.

Scientific reports  – April 22, 2025

Summary

Scientists have discovered that different magic mushroom species produce unique chemical fingerprints. Using advanced fungal extraction and liquid chromatography, researchers analyzed 42 strains of psilocybin-producing fungi, revealing distinct metabolic patterns. Beyond psilocybin, each species creates its own signature blend of compounds. The study also developed a method to mimic how our bodies process these substances through dephosphorylation.

Abstract

Psilocybin-producing fungi have garnered attention due to accumulating evidence regarding the therapeutic potential of their principal component ps...

Psilocybin biosynthesis enhancement through gene source optimization.

Metabolic engineering  – April 16, 2025

Summary

Scientists achieved record-breaking production of psilocybin by mixing and matching genes from different mushroom species. By using genes from Psilocybe cubensis and Gymnopilus dilepis, they created a more efficient biosynthesis process that yielded 1.46 g/L of psilocybin - the highest ever recorded. This breakthrough could make it easier to produce this promising mental health treatment.

Abstract

Psilocybin, the prodrug to the psychoactive compound in 'magic' mushrooms, is currently being studied in clinical trials as a treatment for severe ...

Psilocybin therapy for mood dysfunction in Parkinson's disease: an open-label pilot trial.

Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology  – April 09, 2025

Summary

In a groundbreaking development, psilocybin therapy shows promise for improving both mental and physical symptoms in Parkinson's disease patients. Twelve participants with mild to moderate Parkinson's received two doses of psilocybin alongside psychotherapy. The treatment proved safe and led to significant improvements in mood, anxiety, motor function, and cognitive performance. Benefits lasted up to three months, with no serious side effects or worsening of Parkinson's symptoms.

Abstract

Mood dysfunction is highly prevalent in Parkinson's disease (PD), a main predictor of functional decline, and difficult to treat-novel intervention...

In Vitro Psilocybin Synthesis by Co‐Immobilized Enzymes

Chemistry - A European Journal  – April 09, 2025

Summary

A new biochemical approach achieves quantitative turnover of a precursor into psilocybin, a crucial compound for treating major depressive disorder in Psychedelics and Drug Studies. This *in vitro* method employs a solid-phase matrix with five covalently bound enzymes, including a specific transferase. This innovative chemistry offers a sustainable route for chemical synthesis and alkaloids, circumventing traditional *in vivo* drawbacks. The process, relevant to pharmacology and polyamine metabolism, provides a reliable source of this tryptamine, essential for advanced clinical trials. This combinatorial chemistry improves access to a vital drug candidate.

Abstract

Abstract Advanced clinical trials investigate the Psilocybe magic mushroom natural product psilocybin as a treatment against major depressive disor...