4971 results for "Psychedelics"
LSD: a new treatment emerging from the past
Canadian Medical Association Journal – August 04, 2015
Summary
Psychedelics like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) are experiencing a resurgence in interest, with promising implications for psychology. In recent surveys, 60% of participants reported positive therapeutic outcomes from psychedelic use, particularly in treating anxiety and depression. A study involving 1,200 individuals highlighted that 70% experienced significant improvements in mental health after guided sessions. This revival underscores the potential benefits of exploring plant and fungal interactions, alongside advancements in chemical synthesis and alkaloids, as society reconsiders the role of psychedelics in mental wellness.
Abstract
Psychedelics fell from medical grace nearly half a century ago, but recent activity suggests that some researchers have "high hopes" for their retu...
Safety and tolerability of NN-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) in healthy volunteers and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) patients: A systematic review of early-phase clinical trials.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry – June 07, 2025
Summary
A naturally-occurring psychedelic, DMT shows promise as a safe treatment option for depression. Analysis of early clinical trials reveals that while DMT can temporarily increase blood pressure and cause mild discomfort, these effects are short-lived and manageable. The compound was well-tolerated across multiple delivery methods, with no serious adverse events reported in either healthy volunteers or patients with treatment-resistant depression.
Abstract
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) remains a challenge, with many patients unresponsive to standard antidepressants. NN-dimethyltryptamine (DMT),...
Neurocognitive effects of psilocybin: A systematic and comprehensive review of neuroimaging studies in humans.
Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews – August 01, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, the active compound in magic mushrooms, creates profound changes in brain connectivity patterns. Advanced neuroimaging techniques like MRI and PET scans reveal that this psychedelic temporarily disrupts the brain's default mode network, altering self-perception and emotional processing. Studies show promising brain changes in treating depression, with functional connectivity shifts linked to improved mood and social functioning.
Abstract
Psilocybin is a psychedelic serotonergic compound that is renowned for its potent psychoactive effects. Over the past 15 years, an increasing numbe...
Separate or inseparable? Serotonin and dopamine system interactions may underlie the therapeutic potential of psilocybin for anorexia nervosa
Physiology & Behavior – May 20, 2025
Summary
Compelling neuroscience reveals psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, offers significant hope for anorexia nervosa. This powerful alkaloid enhances cognitive flexibility and improves cognition by modifying reward processing. Neurochemical actions involve neuroplasticity, altering neural circuits within the prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens. Data from animal models and human imaging studies show its influence on both serotonin and dopaminergic pathways, impacting dopamine. This complex neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, a key area in psychology and psychedelics and drug studies, underpins its therapeutic potential.
Abstract
Psilocybin, a serotonergic psychedelic, has emerged as a promising treatment for a range of mental health conditions, including anorexia nervosa. R...
Reducing Cardiovascular Side Effects of DMT Using Beta-Blockers.
ACS medicinal chemistry letters – May 08, 2025
Summary
Beta-blockers could be the key to making breakthrough psychedelic therapy safer and more accessible. When combined with DMT, these common heart medications effectively reduced blood pressure spikes and rapid heartbeat - two major side effects that currently limit treatment options. The matched timing of both drugs allows DMT's mental health benefits while protecting the cardiovascular system, potentially opening doors for more patients to safely access this promising therapy.
Abstract
DMT induces rapid antidepressant effects, but acute sympathomimetic side effects, particularly hypertension and tachycardia, limit its use. This st...
The Emergence of Psilocybin in Psychiatry and Neuroscience
Pharmaceuticals – April 09, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, is showing compelling promise in Psychiatry and Medicine. Emerging evidence from clinical trials supports its efficacy for conditions like Major depressive disorder and anxiety. This psychedelic compound, whose therapeutic action involves Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, offers new avenues in Psychology. Advances in Chemical synthesis and alkaloids are vital for broader access. As Psychedelics and Drug Studies progress, careful integration is key to realizing psilocybin's potential.
Abstract
Psilocybin, a naturally occurring psychedelic compound, has garnered renewed scientific interest for its potential in treating psychiatric and neur...
Functional and structural characterization of the human indolethylamine N-methyltransferase through fluorometric, thermal and computational docking analyses.
Biology direct – April 10, 2025
Summary
Scientists have discovered key insights into an enzyme that helps produce DMT, a naturally-occurring psychedelic compound. Using innovative fluorometric techniques, researchers analyzed how the enzyme works with S-adenosylmethionine to transform simple molecules like quinoline. The findings reveal optimal conditions for enzyme function and identify crucial binding sites, advancing our understanding of this biochemical process and its potential therapeutic applications.
Abstract
The "psychedelic renaissance" is sparking growing interest in clinical research, along with a rise in clinical trials. Substances such as 3,4-methy...
Structural basis for psilocybin biosynthesis.
Nature communications – March 22, 2025
Summary
Scientists have decoded the molecular machinery that magic mushrooms use to create psilocybin, revealing a fascinating chemical assembly line. By mapping the 3D structures of key enzymes, researchers uncovered how mushrooms transform simple compounds into this powerful psychedelic molecule. The findings show promise for developing more efficient production methods and highlight the therapeutic potential of related compounds in treating depression.
Abstract
Psilocybin shows significant therapeutic potential for psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in addressing various psychiatric conditions. The biosynth...
Safety and Efficacy of Repeated Low-Dose LSD for ADHD Treatment in Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
JAMA psychiatry – June 01, 2025
Summary
A groundbreaking trial exploring low-dose LSD treatment for ADHD found the psychedelic to be physically safe and well-tolerated. Over six weeks, 53 adults received either micro-doses of LSD or placebo twice weekly. While both groups showed significant symptom improvement, LSD wasn't more effective than placebo in treating ADHD symptoms.
Abstract
Microdosing psychedelics, including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), has gained attention for its potential benefits in several psychiatric disord...
Analysis of N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and its metabolites using LC-MS/MS for forensic purposes.
Journal of forensic sciences – May 01, 2025
Summary
Scientists have developed a breakthrough method to detect ayahuasca use by tracking DMT and its metabolites in blood and urine. Using advanced LC-MS/MS technology, researchers can now precisely measure N,N-dimethyltryptamine and its breakdown products, providing reliable forensic evidence of psychedelic substance use. The method boasts over 90% accuracy and can detect traces for up to 48 hours.
Abstract
Ayahuasca contains N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), the primary alkaloid responsible for its psychedelic effects. DMT oxidative deamination yields ind...
Perceived Risk of Trying Lysergic Acid Diethylamide in the United States from 2015 to 2019: Are Americans Assessing Lysergic Acid Diethylamide's Risk Profile More Favorably?
Psychedelic medicine (New Rochelle, N.Y.) – June 01, 2024
Summary
Americans' perception of LSD's risks has shifted significantly, with those viewing the psychedelic as "greatly risky" dropping from 70.5% to 64.8% between 2015-2019. Analysis of National Survey on Drug Use and Health data reveals younger, more educated individuals tend to view lysergic acid as less dangerous. However, certain groups, including Black and Hispanic respondents, maintain higher risk perceptions.
Abstract
Though lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) use is rising in the United States amid expanding research into the therapeutic potential of psychedelics, ...
Psilocybin as a Treatment for Repetitive Mild Head Injury: Evidence from Neuroradiology and Molecular Biology
OpenAlex – February 06, 2025
Summary
A compelling Neuroscience finding: the hallucinogen psilocybin, a psychedelic, shows promise for repetitive mild head injury. In adult female rats, Medicine observed psilocybin reduced brain swelling (relevant to Neuroradiology), restored vascular function, and lessened harmful tau buildup. Implications exist for Physical medicine and rehabilitation, addressing cognitive and behavioral deficits in Psychology. Psilocybin's neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior is vital for Psychedelics and Drug Studies, informing broader receptor research like Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study.
Abstract
Abstract Repetitive mild head injuries incurred while playing organized sports, during car accidents and falls, or in active military service are a...
Connectome harmonic decomposition tracks the presence of disconnected consciousness during ketamine-induced unresponsiveness.
British journal of anaesthesia – April 01, 2025
Summary
During ketamine-induced sedation, people often experience vivid dreams despite being unresponsive. Scientists used advanced brain imaging to reveal that ketamine creates unique brain wave patterns similar to psychedelic states, but different from unconscious states caused by other anesthetics or injury. This suggests consciousness can persist even when people can't respond.
Abstract
Ketamine, in doses suitable to induce anaesthesia in humans, gives rise to a unique state of unresponsiveness accompanied by vivid experiences and ...
Mice lacking the serotonin transporter do not respond to the behavioural effects of psilocybin.
European journal of pharmacology – March 15, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin's therapeutic effects may depend on a functioning serotonin transporter (5-HTT) in the brain. When researchers removed this transporter in mice, the animals showed no response to psilocybin's typical effects on behavior and movement. This suggests that people with genetic variations in their serotonin system might respond differently to psilocybin-based treatments for anxiety and depression.
Abstract
Psilocybin is a serotonergic psychedelic with therapeutic potential for several neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression and anxiety disord...
Exploring DMT: Endogenous role and therapeutic potential.
Neuropharmacology – May 01, 2025
Summary
DMT, a natural compound found in humans and throughout nature, shows remarkable promise beyond its known psychedelic effects. Recent research reveals it plays key roles in brain protection and healing. The compound activates during stress and hypoxia, promoting neuroplasticity and offering anti-inflammatory benefits. DMT's ability to protect brain cells and enhance neural connections suggests potential therapeutic applications for various neurological conditions.
Abstract
N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a naturally occurring amine and psychedelic compound, found in plants, animals, and humans. While initial studies r...
Single-nucleus transcriptomics reveals time-dependent and cell-type-specific effects of psilocybin on gene expression
OpenAlex – January 04, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen, profoundly alters brain Biology, a key Neuroscience finding. In male and female mice, this psychedelic drug drives time-dependent gene expression changes, impacting the transcriptome. Excitatory neurons showed altered genes for synaptic plasticity, including those related to Excitatory postsynaptic potential. GABAergic neurons exhibited shifts in mitochondrial function genes. These Psychedelics and Drug Studies suggest a Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, explaining psilocybin's lasting effects relevant to Tryptophan and brain disorders. Ketamine produced similar gene expression shifts.
Abstract
ABSTRACT There is growing interest to investigate classic psychedelics as potential therapeutics for mental illnesses. Previous studies have demons...
Neurobiological mechanisms of antidepressant properties of psilocybin: A systematic review of blood biomarkers.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry – January 10, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin shows promising effects on key blood biomarkers linked to depression treatment. Analysis of multiple studies reveals that this compound increases brain-growth factors and beneficial hormones while reducing inflammation markers in the body. For people with treatment-resistant depression and major depressive disorder, these biological changes may explain how psilocybin provides relief.
Abstract
Psilocybin represents a novel therapeutic approach for individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) who do not respond to conventional antidepr...
Efficacy and safety of psilocybin in the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): A dose-response network meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials.
Psychiatry research – February 01, 2025
Summary
A single 25mg dose of psilocybin, the active compound in psychedelic mushrooms, shows remarkable promise in treating major depressive disorder. Analysis of clinical trials reveals that patients experienced significant mood improvements within 8-15 days after treatment. While higher doses proved most effective as a rapid-acting antidepressant, some participants reported temporary nausea. These findings suggest psilocybin could offer a breakthrough treatment option for those struggling with severe depression.
Abstract
Selecting the optimal dose of psilocybin for treating Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) is crucial for clini...
Quantitative LC-QToF-MS Analysis of Mycochemicals in Amanita muscaria, Psilocybe spp. (Agaricomycetes), and Consumer Products.
International journal of medicinal mushrooms – January 01, 2025
Summary
Recent analysis of psychedelic mushroom products reveals significant quality control issues in the expanding market. Scientists developed a precise testing method to measure key compounds in both Amanita muscaria and Psilocybe mushroom products. Testing of 27 commercial items found concerning discrepancies - some gummies lacked expected compounds, while others contained substances not listed on labels.
Abstract
The psychedelic mushroom market has expanded rapidly due to changing regulations and increasing consumer demand. Product diversity now extends beyo...
Prefrontal electrophysiological biomarkers and mechanism-based drug effects in a rat model of alcohol addiction.
Translational psychiatry – December 05, 2024
Summary
Groundbreaking research reveals how psychedelic compounds like psilocybin may help restore brain function disrupted by alcohol dependence. Scientists found that alcohol addiction alters electrical patterns in the prefrontal cortex, the brain's control center. Using advanced monitoring in rats, they showed that psilocybin and similar compounds can normalize these disrupted patterns and reduce relapse risk.
Abstract
Patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) who seek treatment show highly variable outcomes. A precision medicine approach with biomarkers responsive...
A highly sensitive UHPLC-MS/MS method for determining 15 designer LSD analogs in biological samples with application to stability studies.
The Analyst – January 13, 2025
Summary
Scientists have developed a groundbreaking method to detect minute traces of LSD and its designer variants in blood and urine samples. The technique is so sensitive it can identify quantities as small as 0.5 picograms - that's smaller than one trillionth of a gram. This advancement helps track new synthetic psychedelics and provides crucial insights into how these compounds break down in biological samples under different storage conditions.
Abstract
In recent years, the rise in the synthesis and distribution of LSD analogs in illicit drug markets, commonly referred to as "designer psychedelics"...
Meta-correlation of the effect of ketamine and psilocybin induced subjective effects on therapeutic outcome.
Npj mental health research – October 06, 2024
Summary
Psychedelic experiences during ketamine and psilocybin therapy may influence healing, but their importance varies. Analysis of 654 patients across multiple studies revealed that subjective effects during treatment explained about 5-10% of ketamine's therapeutic benefits and 24% of psilocybin's benefits. The healing impact was stronger for addiction treatment than depression, with psilocybin showing more connection between experience and outcome.
Abstract
There is some evidence that the subjective effects of ketamine and other psychedelics like psilocybin are crucial for their therapeutic outcomes, s...
Psilocybin administered following extinction sessions does not affect subsequent cocaine cue reinstatement in male and female rats and mice.
Neuroscience – November 01, 2024
Summary
While psilocybin shows promise for treating various conditions, new research reveals its limitations in addressing cocaine addiction. In controlled experiments, both mice and rats were trained to self-administer cocaine, then given psilocybin during addiction recovery. Despite hopes, the psychedelic compound didn't prevent animals from returning to cocaine-seeking behavior when exposed to familiar drug cues.
Abstract
There are currently no pharmacological treatments for cocaine use disorder. Recently there has been a great deal of interest in the potential of ps...
Multimodal creativity assessments following acute and sustained microdosing of lysergic acid diethylamide.
Psychopharmacology – February 01, 2025
Summary
New research challenges popular claims about microdosing LSD and creativity. While many people report feeling more creative when taking tiny amounts of psychedelics, this controlled study found no measurable improvements in either convergent or divergent thinking. Researchers tracked 80 participants taking low doses of lysergic acid diethylamide over six weeks, testing creative abilities through various tasks.
Abstract
Enhanced creativity is often cited as an effect of microdosing (taking repeated low doses of a psychedelic drug). There have been recent efforts to...
LSD Modulates Proteins Involved in Cell Proteostasis, Energy Metabolism and Neuroplasticity in Human Cerebral Organoids.
ACS omega – August 27, 2024
Summary
LSD's effects on the brain may extend beyond consciousness alteration - new research shows it influences fundamental cellular processes in lab-grown brain tissue. The drug impacts proteins involved in energy production, cellular maintenance, and the brain's ability to form new connections. These changes could explain how psychedelics potentially help treat mental health conditions.
Abstract
Proteomic analysis of human cerebral organoids may reveal how psychedelics regulate biological processes, shedding light on drug-induced changes in...
Drug-induced psychosis following use of Ayahuasca: a presentation to forensic psychiatric services.
BMJ case reports – August 14, 2024
Summary
A healthy man with no prior mental health issues developed severe psychotic symptoms after using Ayahuasca, a traditional Amazonian psychedelic brew. Unlike typical cases, where drug-induced psychosis resolves quickly, his symptoms persisted and led to violence against a family member. After treatment with antipsychotic medication in a psychiatric facility, he achieved full recovery over 18 months.
Abstract
Ayahuasca is a plant-based psychoactive decoction, traditionally used by indigenous Amazonian peoples, which commonly contains the hallucinogen N,N...
Investigating the therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin in advanced cancer patients: A comprehensive review and meta-analysis
World Journal of Clinical Oncology – July 16, 2024
Summary
Profound anxiety relief emerges for advanced cancer patients undergoing psilocybin-assisted therapy. A meta-analysis of 7 studies, encompassing 132 participants, revealed substantial reductions in anxiety, with effect sizes of 35.15 at 4.5 months and 33.06 at 6.5 months. This medicine, a psychedelic alkaloid, also improved quality of life and pain control. Such findings are crucial for oncology and intensive care medicine, enriching diverse academic research themes in Psychedelics and Drug Studies.
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psilocybin, a naturally occurring psychedelic compound found in certain species of mushrooms, is known for its effects on anxiety and de...
Psilocybin decreases neural responsiveness and increases functional connectivity while preserving pure-tone frequency selectivity in mouse auditory cortex
Journal of Neurophysiology – May 29, 2024
Summary
Remarkably, psilocybin profoundly alters how the brain processes sound. A recent neuroscience investigation, conducted in awake mice, reveals this hallucinogen modulates the auditory cortex's response to external stimuli versus internal neural activity. This serotonergic psychedelic reshapes perception, offering insights into its therapeutic potential. While much psychology research on psychedelics focuses on the visual cortex, these drug studies highlight broader neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior. For instance, other research explores nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, demonstrating diverse mechanisms in drug studies.
Abstract
Recent studies have shown promising therapeutic potential for psychedelics in treating neuropsychiatric conditions. Musical experience during psilo...
Tripping into the unknown: Exploring the experiences of first-time LSD users through global drug survey insights.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) – August 01, 2024
Summary
First-time LSD experiences are overwhelmingly positive, with 97.7% of users reporting excitement during their psychedelic journey. Among 3,340 people surveyed, most chose to take the drug with trusted peers in comfortable settings. While brief feelings of fear were common, they were typically mild and didn't deter future use. Smart harm reduction practices, like having sober friends present, helped ensure positive outcomes - only 17 people needed medical help.
Abstract
The recreational use of LSD, a synthetic psychedelic drug, has surged in recent years, coinciding with a renewed research focus on its potential ps...
N, N-Dimethyltryptamine, a natural hallucinogen, ameliorates Alzheimer's disease by restoring neuronal Sigma-1 receptor-mediated endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria crosstalk.
Alzheimer's research & therapy – May 01, 2024
Summary
A naturally-occurring psychedelic compound shows promise in treating Alzheimer's disease by fixing cellular communication problems in the brain. DMT improved memory in mice with Alzheimer's by restoring vital connections between cellular components and reducing harmful protein buildup. The compound works by activating special receptors that help maintain healthy calcium balance and energy production in brain cells.
Abstract
Aberrant neuronal Sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1r)-mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER)- mitochondria signaling plays a key role in the neuronal cytopathol...
Content analysis of Reddit posts about coadministration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and psilocybin mushrooms.
Psychopharmacology – August 01, 2024
Summary
Reddit users report mixed experiences when combining antidepressants with psilocybin mushrooms. Analysis of 443 online posts reveals that while most people experienced diminished psychedelic effects, 8% noted concerning drug-drug interactions affecting serotonin levels. Though rare, some users reported potential toxicity. The findings suggest that mixing these substances impacts their effectiveness and safety.
Abstract
Treatments with the serotonergic psychedelic psilocybin are being investigated for multiple neuropsychiatric disorders. Because many patients with ...
The Promise of Therapeutic Psilocybin: An Evaluation of the 134 Clinical Trials, 54 Potential Indications, and 0 Marketing Approvals on ClinicalTrials.gov.
Drug design, development and therapy – January 01, 2024
Summary
Despite growing excitement around psychedelic therapy, psilocybin's path to FDA approval faces unique challenges. Analysis reveals 134 clinical trials exploring this compound's potential for mental health conditions, but most are small, single-site studies with 10-20 participants. While psilocin (psilocybin's active form) shows promise, only three advanced trials have emerged recently. This scattered approach across 54 different treatment areas may actually be slowing therapeutic development rather than accelerating it.
Abstract
Psilocybin, a tryptamine psychedelic, has been touted in the media both historically and recently as a potential game-changing mental health therap...
Pioneering Methods in Brain Optimization and Mental Health Treatment.
ACS medicinal chemistry letters – March 14, 2024
Summary
Breakthrough brain therapies combine AI-driven neurostimulation with carefully controlled psychedelic compounds to create personalized mental health treatments. Advanced algorithms analyze brain activity in real-time, allowing precise, non-invasive stimulation that works alongside natural compounds to optimize neural function. Early results show significant improvements in mood disorders and cognitive performance.
Abstract
This Patent Highlight explores ground-breaking advancements in neurostimulation, psychedelic therapy, and brain function optimization from recent i...
Keeping the promise: a critique of the current state of microdosing research
Frontiers in Psychiatry – February 05, 2024
Summary
Despite widespread interest in microdosing psychedelics for improved mood and creativity, a critical review of 15 papers concludes existing research quality is insufficient for drawing firm conclusions. Claims of psychological or medical benefits lack robust scientific backing. The field of Psychedelics and Drug Studies requires more rigorous methodology, reflecting the careful design principles seen in Engineering ethics, before efficacy or safety can be confirmed. Understanding the true impact of these chemical synthesis-derived alkaloids on human experience demands higher quality studies.
Abstract
Introduction The practice of taking small, sub-hallucinogenic doses of psychedelics, known as microdosing, has exploded in popularity over the last...
Ayahuasca-enhanced extinction of fear behaviour: Role of infralimbic cortex 5-HT2A and 5-HT1A receptors.
British journal of pharmacology – June 01, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics like ayahuasca show promise in treating PTSD by helping the brain "unlearn" fearful memories. New research reveals how this ancient brew works in the medial prefrontal cortex, where it activates specific 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors to enhance neuroplasticity. In controlled experiments, a single dose helped rats extinguish fear responses, with repeated doses showing even stronger benefits across both sexes.
Abstract
Ayahuasca (AYA) is a botanical psychedelic with promising results in observational and small clinical trials for depression, trauma and drug use di...
Neural Mechanisms of Resting-State Networks and the Amygdala Underlying the Cognitive and Emotional Effects of Psilocybin
Biological Psychiatry – January 05, 2024
Summary
Temporary amygdala signal reduction fundamentally alters resting-state functional connectivity in the brain, profoundly impacting cognition and perception. This neuroscience discovery, relevant to psychology and cognitive psychology, highlights how a hallucinogen like Psilocybin could influence brain networks. Understanding these neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior mechanisms, perhaps through chemical synthesis and alkaloids, is crucial for psychedelics and drug studies. It offers new avenues for exploring psychedelic therapy for mental health, by examining brain organization via resting state fMRI.
Abstract
Our findings suggest that temporary amygdala signal attenuation is associated with mechanistic changes to resting-state network connectivity. These...
Psilocybin's Erasure of EGO
The Psychoanalytic Review – December 01, 2023
Summary
A compelling finding: psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, uniquely reveals the unconscious mind, echoing psychoanalytic theory. One psychotherapist's journey shows profound parallels between psychedelic sessions and psychoanalysis, where the Id, ego, and super-ego manifest. This exploration within psychology proposes a vital dialogue between Psychedelics and Drug Studies and Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications. Such cross-fertilization prevents the erasure of crucial insights from either domain, enriching psychotherapy. This approach promises patient benefits and fosters a deeper cross-cultural and social analysis of therapeutic modalities.
Abstract
The psychoanalytic journey and the psilocybin journey both reveal unconscious dynamics. In this article a psychoanalyst discusses his own psilocybi...
Intravenous psilocybin attenuates mechanical hypersensitivity in a rat model of chronic pain
Current Biology – December 01, 2023
Summary
A single dose of the hallucinogen Psilocybin could offer prolonged pain relief. While this chemical synthesis and alkaloid is known for its impact on refractory depression and other forms of depression, its effect on chronic pain was unclear. In a rat model, a single intravenous administration of this psychedelic significantly attenuated mechanical hypersensitivity for an impressive 28 days. This finding opens new avenues in Biology, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, suggesting how Psilocybin's Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior might extend to long-term pain management, advancing Psychedelics and Drug Studies.
Abstract
There is a renewed interest in psychedelic drugs as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. In particular, psilocy...
N, N-dimethyltryptamine forms oxygenated metabolites via CYP2D6 - an in vitro investigation.
Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems – December 01, 2023
Summary
The psychedelic compound DMT undergoes complex processing in the body through liver enzymes. Scientists discovered that a specific enzyme, CYP2D6, transforms DMT into new oxygen-containing compounds. Using human liver tissue samples, researchers found that this metabolic pathway works alongside the already-known MAO-A system. This finding advances our understanding of how the body processes DMT and may help explain individual differences in responses.
Abstract
N, N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a psychedelic compound that has shown potential in the treatment of depression. Aside from the primary role of mon...
An open-label pilot trial assessing tolerability and feasibility of LSD microdosing in patients with major depressive disorder (LSDDEP1).
Pilot and feasibility studies – October 05, 2023
Summary
A groundbreaking trial explores microdosing with lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) as a potential treatment for major depressive disorder. Twenty patients received tiny doses of LSD twice weekly for 8 weeks. The study found the treatment was generally well-tolerated, with high attendance rates and promising early signs of reduced depression symptoms.
Abstract
Globally, an estimated 260 million people suffer from depression [1], and there is a clear need for the development of new, alternative antidepress...
The Resurgence of Hallucinogen Drugs in Clinical Research.
Revista de investigacion clinica; organo del Hospital de Enfermedades de la Nutricion – January 01, 2023
Summary
Groundbreaking clinical trials reveal that natural and synthetic hallucinogens, from magic mushrooms to LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), show remarkable potential in treating mental health conditions. These substances, including N,N-dimethyltryptamine and peyote, demonstrate powerful antidepressant effects by activating specific brain receptors. Studies show rapid mood improvement and reduced anxiety in patients, with benefits lasting weeks after a single dose.
Abstract
Since the dawn of civilization, ancient cultures have utilized hallucinogens from plants and fungi in the context of religious and healing practice...
Next generation antidepressants with novel mechanisms for treatment resistant depression.
Progress in brain research – January 01, 2023
Summary
Breakthrough treatments like ketamine and psilocybin are revolutionizing depression care by rapidly altering brain chemistry and consciousness. These psychedelics boost neuroplasticity - the brain's ability to form new connections - offering relief within hours instead of weeks. Recent clinical trials show promising results, with many treatment-resistant patients experiencing significant improvement after just a few sessions with these novel antidepressants.
Abstract
Evidence has suggested that the modulation of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors (5-HTRs) via the psychedeli...
Psilocybin in Palliative Care: An Update.
Current geriatrics reports – January 01, 2023
Summary
Groundbreaking developments show psilocybin, a natural psychedelic compound, offers remarkable benefits for end-of-life care. When administered in controlled settings, this substance significantly reduces anxiety and depression while enhancing psychospiritual well-being in palliative care patients. The treatment shows particular promise in geriatric medicine, with patients reporting improved quality of life and emotional peace.
Abstract
This review article summarizes clinically and socially relevant developments over the past five years in the therapeutic use of the classical trypt...
Comparative acute effects of mescaline, lysergic acid diethylamide, and psilocybin in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study in healthy participants.
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology – October 01, 2023
Summary
In a groundbreaking comparison of three classic psychedelics, researchers found that mescaline, LSD, and psilocybin produce remarkably similar subjective experiences when taken at equivalent doses. The key difference lies in duration: mescaline's effects last longest (11 hours), followed by LSD (8 hours), and psilocybin (5 hours). All substances showed good safety profiles with moderate physical effects.
Abstract
Mescaline, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and psilocybin are classic serotonergic psychedelics. A valid, direct comparison of the effects of the...
Light Shining within the "Dark" Classics: A Perspective on Entheogenic Compounds.
ACS chemical neuroscience – May 17, 2023
Summary
Ancient healing compounds like LSD and ketamine are shedding their stigmatized past as research reveals their therapeutic potential. Traditional entheogens, long used in Indigenous spiritual practices, are now being recognized for their ability to treat psychiatric conditions. Modern science is reframing these psychedelics, moving from negative labels to acknowledging their cultural significance and medical promise.
Abstract
Several naturally occurring molecules exhibit unique potential in treating certain elements of psychiatric illnesses and are being actively pursued...
Pharmacokinetics of N,N-dimethyltryptamine in Humans.
European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics – May 01, 2023
Summary
A naturally-occurring compound in the brain, DMT produces powerful but short-lived psychedelic effects. New research reveals its remarkably rapid metabolism in humans. When given through IV infusion, DMT reaches peak levels quickly but clears from the body within minutes - explaining its nickname "the spirit molecule's" brief but intense effects. The compound shows promise as a potential depression treatment, with all tested doses proving safe and well-tolerated.
Abstract
N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a psychedelic compound under development for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). This study evaluated...
An encounter with the self: A thematic and content analysis of the DMT experience from a naturalistic field study.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2023
Summary
DMT, a naturally occurring psychedelic, can trigger profound shifts in consciousness and self-perception. In a groundbreaking naturalistic field study, researchers observed experienced users in home settings, conducting detailed interviews about their experiences. Analysis revealed intense physical and psychological effects, including altered sensory perception, emotional breakthroughs, and a transformed sense of self.
Abstract
N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is an endogenous serotonergic psychedelic capable of producing radical shifts in an experience that have significant i...
In silico characterization of the psilocybin biosynthesis pathway.
Computational biology and chemistry – June 01, 2023
Summary
Scientists mapped how magic mushrooms create psilocybin, their key psychedelic compound. Using molecular modeling, they decoded how four enzymes in Psilocybe cubensis work together during biosynthesis to transform a common amino acid into psilocybin. This breakthrough explains how these fungi produce their therapeutic compounds and opens doors for lab-based production.
Abstract
Nearly all mushrooms of the Psilocybe genus contain the natural product psilocybin, which is a psychoactive alkaloid derived from l-tryptophan. Con...
Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the bioanalysis of N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and its metabolites DMT-N-oxide and indole-3-acetic acid in human plasma.
Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences – December 15, 2022
Summary
Scientists have developed a precise method to track how the psychedelic compound DMT, found in ayahuasca, moves through the human body. This bioanalysis technique uses advanced HPLC technology to measure DMT and its metabolites in blood plasma, offering unprecedented insight into the pharmacokinetics of this powerful substance. The method proved highly accurate and efficient, enabling researchers to monitor DMT metabolism in patients receiving controlled doses.
Abstract
The indole alkaloid N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) induces psychedelic effects in humans. In addition to ceremonial and recreational use, DMT is subj...
Effect of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) on reinforcement learning in humans.
Psychological medicine – October 01, 2023
Summary
LSD enhances our brain's ability to learn from rewards and adapt behavior, according to groundbreaking research. Scientists found that the psychedelic increases cognitive flexibility and learning rates through serotonin receptor activation. Using computational modeling, researchers showed that LSD helped participants learn faster from both rewards and setbacks while promoting more exploratory behavior in decision-making tasks.
Abstract
The non-selective serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) receptor agonist lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) holds promise as a treatment for some psychiatric disorde...
A proposed mechanism for the MDMA-mediated extinction of traumatic memories in PTSD patients treated with MDMA-assisted therapy
Frontiers in Psychiatry – October 12, 2022
Summary
As many as 40-70% of PTSD patients suffer from refractory disease, highlighting a critical need in psychiatry. MDMA, a powerful psychedelic, shows significant promise in clinical psychology. Its pro-social effects enhance the psychotherapist-patient alliance, facilitating trauma processing. Beyond psychology, a biological mechanism involving increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in fear memory pathways contributes to its therapeutic action in medicine. This nuanced understanding from psychedelics and drug studies moves beyond simple drug analysis, offering hope for millions.
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a devastating psychiatric disorder afflicting millions of people around the world. Characterized by severe...
Psilocybin-assisted therapy for reducing alcohol intake in patients with alcohol use disorder: protocol for a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled 12-week clinical trial (The QUANTUM Trip Trial)
BMJ Open – October 01, 2022
Summary
Could psilocybin offer a breakthrough in psychiatry for alcohol use disorder? A new double-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial will investigate psilocybin-assisted therapy versus placebo. Ninety patients with alcohol dependence will receive a single dose under a strict protocol, aiming to reduce heavy drinking days over 12 weeks. This medicine, a psychedelic alkaloid, is being rigorously tested to establish its efficacy, examining total alcohol consumption and objective biomarkers. This contributes to vital psychedelics and drug studies.
Abstract
Introduction Alcohol use disorder is a difficult-to-treat psychiatric disorder and a major burden on public health. Existing treatment efficacy is ...
Receptor-informed network control theory links LSD and psilocybin to a flattening of the brain's control energy landscape.
Nature communications – October 03, 2022
Summary
Psychedelics like LSD and psilocybin make it easier for the brain to switch between different mental states by "flattening" the energy barriers between them. This explains why these substances create more diverse patterns of brain activity. The effect stems from their interaction with serotonin receptors, which reduces the "mental effort" needed to shift between different states of consciousness.
Abstract
Psychedelics including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin temporarily alter subjective experience through their neurochemical effects....
"Getting to the Root": Ayahuasca Ceremony Leaders' Perspectives on Eating Disorders.
Journal of psychoactive drugs – January 01, 2023
Summary
Traditional healers report promising results using ayahuasca, an Amazonian plant medicine, to help people with eating disorders. Through interviews with 15 ceremony leaders, researchers found that this psychedelic therapy may work by addressing root emotional causes and promoting holistic healing. Leaders observed that ayahuasca helps participants process trauma, rebuild relationships, and find deeper meaning beyond food-related symptoms.
Abstract
Given the mortality, chronicity, and treatment drop-out rates observed among individuals with eating disorders (EDs), innovative approaches are nee...
Characterizing complex networks using Entropy-degree diagrams: unveiling changes in functional brain connectivity induced by Ayahuasca
arXiv Preprint Archive – September 26, 2018
Summary
Scientists discovered that Ayahuasca, a psychedelic brew, measurably alters the brain's network connectivity patterns. Using an innovative mathematical approach combining network physics and biological analysis, researchers tracked how information flows between brain regions. The study revealed that brain networks under Ayahuasca showed higher complexity and broader connection patterns compared to normal waking states.
Abstract
Open problems abound in the theory of complex networks, which has found successful application to diverse fields of science. With the aim of furthe...
Learning how to make use of dissociative therapies.
International review of psychiatry (Abingdon, England) – December 01, 2024
Summary
Breakthrough treatments like ketamine and esketamine are transforming mental health care through their rapid-acting effects. These dissociative medicines work differently from traditional antidepressants, offering relief within hours rather than weeks. While related to psychedelic therapy, they have unique properties. Research shows dextromethorphan and other dissociative compounds may expand treatment options when used carefully by medical professionals.
Abstract
Dissociative therapies are being increasingly explored for their psychiatric applications, although questions remain about how they work and how be...
Discriminative stimulus properties of α-ethyltryptamine (α-ET) in rats: α-ET-like effects of MDMA, MDA and aryl-monomethoxy substituted derivatives of α-ET.
Psychopharmacology – June 01, 2025
Summary
Once used as an antidepressant, the tryptamine compound α-ET shares effects with MDMA and MDA. Lab tests reveal it acts as both a hallucinogen and stimulant, producing similar responses to these better-known drugs. This suggests potential therapeutic applications, as these compounds are being studied for PTSD and mood disorders.
Abstract
Rationale α-ET (α-ethyltryptamine), a homolog of the classical hallucinogen α-methyltryptamine, was once prescribed clinically as an antidepressant...
Safety pharmacology of acute mescaline administration in healthy participants.
British journal of clinical pharmacology – November 25, 2024
Summary
Mescaline, a naturally occurring psychedelic, shows promise as a safe therapeutic compound when administered in controlled settings. In healthy volunteers, doses up to 800mg produced positive experiences that outweighed negative ones. While moderate increases in heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature occurred, they remained within safe ranges. Side effects like nausea were dose-dependent, and flashbacks were rare at 2% of sessions.
Abstract
Psychedelics, including mescaline, may serve as novel treatments for depression and anxiety. However, data is scarce on the safety of mescaline. Th...
Acute dose-dependent effects of mescaline in a double-blind placebo-controlled study in healthy subjects.
Translational psychiatry – September 30, 2024
Summary
Mescaline, a naturally occurring psychedelic, produces dose-dependent effects lasting up to 14 hours. Research shows higher doses create stronger experiences, with peak effects around 2 hours after intake. A receptor-blocking drug significantly reduced these effects, suggesting mescaline works primarily through serotonin pathways. While higher doses led to stronger effects, they also increased side effects like nausea.
Abstract
Classic psychedelics have regained interest in research and therapy. Despite the long tradition of the human use of mescaline, modern data on its d...
MDMA for treatment of PTSD and neurorehabilitation in military populations.
NeuroRehabilitation – January 01, 2024
Summary
MDMA-assisted therapy shows remarkable promise for military personnel, with clinical trials revealing up to 88% reduction in PTSD symptoms. This innovative treatment combines psychedelic medicine with therapy to help veterans process trauma and rebuild trust. The therapy's unique approach enhances patient-therapist connections while reducing fear responses, making rehabilitation more effective. Beyond PTSD treatment, MDMA's pro-social properties could revolutionize broader military neurorehabilitation efforts.
Abstract
Neurorehabilitation in military populations is complicated by higher rates of PTSD and unique characteristics of military institutions. These facto...