3034 results for "Psilocybin"
Salvador Roquet, María Sabina, and the Trouble withJipis
Hispanic American Historical Review – February 01, 2015
Summary
An untold chapter in Latin American history reveals how indigenous wisdom shaped psychedelic medicine. Psychiatrist Salvador Roquet, collaborating with the iconic Indigenous healer María Sabina, developed a therapeutic method for psychedelics, including psilocybin mushrooms. Their unique cross-cultural exchange, an important insight for Anthropological Studies and Drug Studies, challenged the prevailing counterculture narrative. Unlike the "jipis," they viewed these substances as potent medicines requiring expert, respectful handling. This perspective offers a rich contribution to our understanding of psychedelic use, rooted deeply in Latin American culture and contrasting with popular sociology.
Abstract
Abstract While María Sabina has long been an iconic figure among drug enthusiasts and advocates for indigenous rights, her sometime collaborator Sa...
ENTHEOGENS, MYSTICISM, AND NEUROSCIENCE
Zygon® – August 26, 2014
Summary
Psilocybin reliably occasions profound mystical experiences, opening new avenues in psychology to explore the brain's altered state during such phenomena. This allows for critical drug studies into the neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior. Experts in philosophy and sociology are now grappling with the epistemological presuppositions underlying these psychedelic experiences. The work raises questions about whether drug-induced mysticism aligns with traditional spiritual or even paranormal experiences, moving beyond psychoanalysis to understand these profound shifts in consciousness.
Abstract
Entheogens or psychedelic drugs such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin are associated with mystical states of experience. Drug law...
Advances in Psychedelic Medicine
OpenAlex – January 01, 2019
Summary
Psychedelics are rapidly transforming Medicine, with the U.S. government lifting its testing ban over a decade ago. Substances like Psilocybin, MDMA, and the hallucinogen Ayahuasca are now being integrated into Psychiatry and Psychology, augmenting psychotherapies for conditions like Addiction and depressive disorders. This comprehensive assessment covers clinical efficacy, safety, and ethical considerations, alongside neuroscience findings. It also explores microdosing, cannabinoid research, and training future psychotherapists in this evolving field of Psychedelics and Drug Studies.
Abstract
Researchers, program administrators, and practicing clinicians explain the most recent developments in using psychedelic substances to treat psycho...
Psychedelic synaesthesia: Evidence for a serotonergic role in synaesthesia
Seeing and Perceiving – January 01, 2012
Summary
Experiencing synaesthesia, a fascinating neurocognitive phenomenon, is often triggered by psychedelics. A survey of recreational drug users in Psychedelics and Drug Studies found that serotonergic hallucinogens like Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and Psilocybin frequently induce these unique sensory blends. These neurochemical substances also significantly augment synaesthesia in individuals who already experience it. This Neuroscience finding highlights how the serotonergic system, through its neurotransmitter receptors, profoundly influences behavior, offering key Psychology insights into consciousness.
Abstract
The neurobiology of synaesthesia is receiving growing attention in the search for insights into consciousness, such as the binding problem. One way...
Accounting for Microdosing Classic Psychedelics
Journal of Drug Issues – August 30, 2019
Summary
Remarkably, individuals who microdose psychedelics, like chemically synthesized LSD and natural psilocybin, never excuse their practice. All 30 interviewed offered justifications, a key insight for Social psychology. This Psychology research shows users employ "Denial of injury" and "Appeal to normality" to align their actions with societal expectations, even considering the substances' status in Drug Studies and potential for Forensic Toxicology.
Abstract
Microdosing classic psychedelics (e.g., LSD [lysergic acid diethylamide] and psilocybin) is the practice of taking small amounts of these substance...
Psychedelic experiences and long-term spiritual growth: a systematic review
Current Psychology – July 12, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics, including psilocybin, significantly foster long-term spiritual growth, a systematic Psychology review of 34 studies involving 19,724 participants reveals. These substances, often associated with profound religious experience and Mysticism, enhance feelings of unity and Transcendence, deepen spiritual Faith, and boost Social connectedness. Individuals report stronger divine connections, increased meaning, and greater engagement in Spirituality. This suggests a powerful link between certain Chemical synthesis and alkaloids and an individual's Religiosity and overall well-being, influencing their religious orientation.
Abstract
Abstract Psychedelic substances, which can occasion mystical experiences, are sometimes used for religious and spiritual reasons. Despite strong li...
Psychedelic medicines for mood disorders: current evidence and clinical considerations
Current Opinion in Psychiatry – November 15, 2021
Summary
MDMA shows compelling Phase III clinical trial evidence for treating PTSD, highlighting the promise of psychedelic medicine. Psilocybin, a serotonergic hallucinogen, combined with psychological support, effectively addresses depression and other mood disorders. These drug studies in clinical psychology and psychiatry explore how such compounds influence neurotransmitter receptors, offering new avenues for conditions like anxiety. While promising, current medicine often involves small sample sizes.
Abstract
Purpose of review Despite advances in treatment modalities for mood disorders over recent decades, further therapeutic options are still required. ...
Jekyll and Hyde Revisited: Paradoxes in the Appreciation of Drug Experiences and Their Effects on Creativity
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – September 01, 2002
Summary
Paradoxically, psychedelic experiences, like those from psilocybin, often evoke simultaneous feelings of both "possession" by an external agency and profound liberation. While social psychology typically divides these into two opposed cultural interpretations—either revealing hidden truths or being under an irrational influence—the reality for artists engaged in creativity, as seen in visual culture, suggests a complex interplay. Experiential learning shows aesthetic traits in art reflecting both extremes, bridging the "demoniacal" and "psychedelic" in a single psychological reality, challenging our epistemology.
Abstract
Historically, states of intoxication--like dreams and madness--are seen in either one of two opposed ways. The intoxicated are either "possessed" o...
HALLUCINOGENIC AGENTS
JAMA – September 14, 1963
Summary
A growing medical and social problem involves the ingestion of drugs drastically altering sensory perception. Public interest is increasing in psychotomimetic hallucinogens like Psilocybin, Mescaline, and Lysergic acid diethylamide. Even morning-glory seeds, containing lysergic acid, are now used. While traditional medicine has long seen such substances, a new wave of promotion targets the general public. This trend, involving six distinct hallucinogens, highlights a significant challenge. Understanding their pharmacology, from ancient use to modern forms, is crucial for medicine.
Abstract
An article on stramonium intoxication in this issue ofThe Journal(p 882) calls attention to a growing medical and social problem in this country—th...
Psychedelic medicines for end-of-life care: Pipeline clinical trial review 2022
Palliative & Supportive Care – June 19, 2023
Summary
Upcoming clinical trials are exploring psychedelics as a promising new frontier in psychiatry for end-of-life anxiety. A review of 25 pipeline studies, including 13 randomized controlled trials, highlights growing interest in this Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Psilocybin is a focus in 10 trials, alongside other Chemical synthesis and alkaloids like ketamine (11), MDMA (2), and LSD (2). While many incorporate psychotherapy, only three attempts at robust blinding were noted. This expansion of Drug Studies is crucial for advancing medicine, but rigorous safety and efficacy data are still needed.
Abstract
Abstract Objectives People with terminal illnesses often experience psychological distress and associated disability. Recent clinical trial evidenc...
Psychotropic Drug-Induced Transformations of Visual Space
International Pharmacopsychiatry – January 01, 1971
Summary
Potent **drugs** like psilocybin and D-amphetamine significantly impair our brain's ability to perceive **space** accurately, lowering thresholds for visual distortion. This **pharmacology** reveals certain **medicine** hinders the mind's natural counter-adaptation to optical distortions, potentially explaining aspects of **hallucinations in medical conditions**. Conversely, the **drug** chlorpromazine promotes this visual optimization. This interference with perception operates independently of how quickly distorting stimuli are presented, highlighting subcortical influences on our visual interpretation processes.
Abstract
It was found that ergotropic arousal-inducing drugs, such as psilocybin, a Ditran®-type 'glycolate' and D-amphetamine, significantly lower human sp...
A Complex Impact of Systemically Administered 5-HT2A Receptor Ligands on Conditioned Fear
The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology – July 05, 2021
Summary
Psychedelics like psilocybin significantly reduced conditioned fear in male rats, relevant for **Psychology** and **Drug Studies**. **Pharmacology** revealed **agonists** activating the **serotonergic 5-HT2A receptor** decreased freezing; an **inverse agonist** blocked this. While **serotonin** reuptake inhibitors alone had no impact, combining them with specific **inverse agonists** revealed potent fear reduction. This complex **Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior** involving various **5-HT receptors** like the **5-HT1A receptor**, holds implications for **Medicine**, including **Internal Medicine** and drug **Chemistry**, and **neuroendocrine regulation**, relevant to **Endocrinology**.
Abstract
Abstract Background Though drugs binding to serotonergic 5-HT2A receptors have long been claimed to influence human anxiety, it remains unclear if ...
Designer Drugs 2.0
Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics – January 13, 2017
Summary
Synthetic cannabinoids, potent Designer drugs, demonstrate significantly higher potency at Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists than natural compounds. This Neuropharmacology highlights novel psychoactive substances' dual nature and Medicine Repurposing, including Psilocybin and the Hallucinogen Lysergic acid diethylamide. Despite therapeutic promise for Psychology, illicit use, Psychosis, and Forensic Toxicology challenges remain critical for these drugs. This complex Pharmacology field, explored in Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research and Psychedelics and Drug Studies, addresses these issues.
Abstract
This “Designer Drugs 2.0” issue of Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics focuses on novel psychoactive substances, primarily cannabinoids and ca...
Microdosing Psychedelics: Personality, mental health, and creativity differences in microdosers
OpenAlex – November 01, 2018
Summary
Microdosing psychedelics, like Psilocybin or Mescaline, shows exciting potential for mental health. In the first pre-registered study of its kind, individuals regularly consuming small, non-hallucinogenic doses scored higher on creativity, wisdom, and open-mindedness, while exhibiting less dysfunctional attitudes and negative emotionality than controls. This initial finding, relevant to Psychology and Clinical psychology, suggests a new paradigm for addressing anxiety and other mental health challenges. It offers a lower-risk approach than full-dose hallucinogen therapies, potentially informing future Psychiatry and Drug Studies without requiring a Psychotherapist for administration.
Abstract
Microdosing psychedelics - the regular consumption of small amounts of psychedelic substances such as LSD or psilocybin - is a growing trend in pop...
Psychedelic use predicts objective knowledge about climate change via increases in nature relatedness
Drug Science Policy and Law – January 01, 2022
Summary
Psychedelics, particularly psilocybin, directly predict objective knowledge about climate change and indirectly boost concern through increased nature relatedness. This Psychology and Drug Studies insight, from an international survey of 641 participants, suggests the link between substance use and environmental change isn't merely a social psychology bias. Instead, it manifests as genuine ecological affinity and climate knowledge, challenging previous assumptions about self-report limitations. The findings highlight a unique connection between psychedelics and pro-environmental variables, impacting our understanding of environmental psychology.
Abstract
Lifetime psychedelic substance use has previously been linked to nature relatedness and pro-environmental behaviour. Yet, participants’ responses t...
Macrodosing to microdosing with psychedelics: Clinical, social, and cultural perspectives
Transcultural Psychiatry – August 29, 2022
Summary
Microdosing classical hallucinogens like Psilocybin and Lysergic acid diethylamide is a burgeoning trend, despite limited formal drug studies. While macrodosing effects are well-documented, microdosing involves intermittent, sub-perceptual doses, reportedly enhancing cognition and mental function. Many claim it's a therapeutic intervention, improving psychology without full "trips." This exploration synthesizes the social and clinical context of this practice, examining its potential as a psychotherapist-guided tool versus recreational use. Understanding these substances, often products of chemical synthesis, requires biochemical analysis to discern their true impact.
Abstract
To date, the clinical and scientific literature has best documented the effects of classical psychedelics, such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)...
Wasson's Alternative Candidates for Soma
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – April 01, 1993
Summary
R. Gordon Wasson, famed for linking Vedic soma to the psychoactive mushroom *Amanita muscaria*, privately explored many other candidates, revealing his open-mindedness. Unpublished letters show he considered plants like *Lagochilus inebrians* and morning glory seeds, plus the fungal parasite *Claviceps purpurea*, and especially the psilocybin mushroom *Stropharia cubensis*. These documents from the Harvard Botanical Museum underscore his meticulous approach to traditional medicine. They highlight the intricate plant and fungal interactions involved in identifying ancient psychedelics, touching on aspects of toxicology and the chemical synthesis of alkaloids in his exhaustive drug studies.
Abstract
Citing recently published challenges to R. Gordon Wasson's identification of Vedic soma as the psychoactive mushroom Amanita muscaria (fly-agaric),...
Nothing Ventured, Nothing Gained: Regulations Cripple Potentially Life-Saving Research of Illicit Substances
ACS Chemical Neuroscience – May 12, 2020
Summary
Regulations designed to prevent harm from substances like Psilocybin and Lysergic acid diethylamide severely cripple scientific progress. These rules make it nearly impossible to acquire illicit hallucinogens for vital research, achieving nothing but hindering potential life-saving discoveries. Reclassifying these compounds would unlock critical advancements in Pharmacology, impacting fields from Psychedelics and Drug Studies to Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research and even Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis. This regulatory business currently stifles crucial scientific inquiry.
Abstract
Modern day research, in an attempt to determine the potential therapeutic and adverse effects of illicit substances, is a growing field, but one th...
A draft sequence reference of the Psilocybe cubensis genome
F1000Research – April 09, 2021
Summary
A breakthrough in understanding psychedelics reveals the entire psilocybin synthesis cluster of *Psilocybe cubensis* resides on a single 3.2Mb contig. This advance in computational biology and genetics, achieved through whole genome sequencing, provides the complete 46.6Mb genome, assembled into 32 contigs with 97.6% completeness. Such detailed biology is crucial for Psychedelics and Drug Studies, offering unprecedented insights into chemical synthesis and alkaloids, and accelerating research into alkaloids: synthesis and pharmacology.
Abstract
We describe the use of high-fidelity single molecule sequencing to assemble the genome of the psychoactive Psilocybe cubensis mushroom. The genome ...
Have Effective Antidepressants Finally Arrived? Developments in Major Depressive Disorder Therapy
The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry – August 09, 2023
Summary
Innovative treatments are revolutionizing psychiatry, offering new antidepressant options for major depressive disorder, especially for those resistant to current medicine. Ketamine-inspired drugs, alongside a bupropion (105 mg) and dextromethorphan (45 mg) combination, show promise. Neurosteroids modulating GABA also represent a new class. Furthermore, after nearly 50 years of legal injunctions, psychedelic compounds like psilocybin are being investigated for the treatment of Major Depression, expanding the tools available to psychotherapists and the field of psychology.
Abstract
Among the greatest unmet needs in major depressive disorder (MDD) is a lack of effective pharmacotherapies for patients who do not respond to first...
A roadmap for psychedelic pharmacy in Canada: A proposed policy and operations approach for controlled access to select psychedelics for treatment of mental illness
Drug Science Policy and Law – January 01, 2023
Summary
The burgeoning field of psychedelic medicine, particularly psilocybin for mental illness, necessitates immediate action from health care leadership and the legislature. The pharmacy profession, surprisingly, has been largely disengaged. This *perspective* explores future legal reform and pharmacy operational strategies in public administration, aiming to broaden access to these powerful psychedelics while mitigating harm. Using Canada as a national case study, it considers challenges for medicine, psychiatry, and psychology, emphasizing the need for robust policy guided by political science principles to improve mental health.
Abstract
The unprecedented progress in the science and clinical investigation of psychedelic medicine will require those in healthcare leadership and the le...
Should Adolescents be Included in Emerging Psychedelic Research?
Canadian Journal of Bioethics – January 01, 2022
Summary
Psychedelic substances like psilocybin show significant promise for adult mental health, yet adolescent inclusion in psychological intervention trials is currently 0%. A compelling argument highlights the urgent need for novel medical interventions to address growing youth mental health burdens. Psychedelics pose low risk compared to existing psychiatric medications. While developmental risks and informed consent complexities exist, including adolescents in clinical psychology and drug studies is crucial. This would improve their quality of life, offering innovative treatments and advancing diverse academic research themes in medicine and psychology.
Abstract
Recent evidence shows significant potential for therapies involving psychedelic substances such as psilocybin and MDMA to improve clinical outcomes...
The use of psychedelics in the treatment of disorders of consciousness. An interview with Olivia Gosseries by Charlotte Martial.
Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Liège) – October 13, 2020
Summary
A compelling frontier in **Psychiatry** explores **psychedelics** for disorders of **consciousness**, including the **persistent vegetative state**. Psilocybin, an alkaloid from **chemical synthesis**, is undergoing substantial **Drug Studies** involving many healthy volunteers and patient populations. Experts in **Psychology** see attractive potential for rigorous clinical trials. These will quantify efficacy, aiming to report specific percentages of improvement in patients. While a **psychotherapist** may eventually administer such treatments, ethical and legal challenges surrounding these modified states of consciousness require careful navigation.
Abstract
In this interview, we discuss the use of psychedelic drugs as a promising treatment in disorders of consciousness. Psilocybin, a classic psychedeli...
Drug use and hypnotic susceptibility
International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis – January 01, 1972
Summary
Individuals who have experimented with hallucinogens like psilocybin or mescaline exhibit greater hypnotic susceptibility. Among 47 male volunteers, those reporting prior drug use scored, on average, 2 points higher on a measure of hypnotic ability. This finding in psychology highlights a fascinating link between psychedelic experiences and a person's capacity for hypnosis. Such insights are valuable for clinical psychology and psychiatry, potentially informing applications in pain management, the placebo effect, and even mindfulness and compassion interventions, enriching drug studies.
Abstract
Abstract 47 undergraduate male volunteers were asked 2 questions relating to their use of marijuana and/or psychedelic drugs (e.g., LSD, mescaline,...
Mapping Pharmacologically-induced Functional Reorganisation onto the Brain’s Neurotransmitter Landscape
OpenAlex – July 13, 2022
Summary
Mind-altering drugs profoundly reorganize brain function by engaging intricate neurotransmitter systems. Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research demonstrates that psychoactive substances, including 10 diverse drugs like psychedelics (LSD, psilocybin) and anesthetics, exert their effects based on the brain's molecular makeup. By mapping 19 neurotransmitter receptors and transporters, a clear link emerged between specific neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior and drug-induced changes. This work in Psychology and Medicine highlights how pharmacology precisely targets brain regions, revealing patterns that even mirror those seen in brain disorders.
Abstract
Abstract To understand how pharmacological interventions can exert their powerful effects on brain function, we need to understand how they engage ...
Recruitment discrimination of lifetime classic psychedelic users is unjustified: Evidence from employees' motivation-based workplace absenteeism
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – January 16, 2023
Summary
Despite widespread stigma, prior psilocybin and other psychedelic use does not predict workplace absenteeism. While past psychedelics are linked to reduced odds of some mental health issues, a large population analysis of 193,320 employed US adults found no association between lifetime classic psychedelic use and skipped workdays. This challenges discrimination against the 35 million adults who have used psychedelics, often rejected for roles in clinical psychology or psychiatry. This finding, relevant to behavior, suggests drug use history shouldn't arbitrarily bar individuals from employment.
Abstract
Abstract Background and aims Although large-scale population studies have linked the use of classic psychedelics (lysergic acid diethylamide, psilo...
Psychedelics and Mindfulness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
OpenAlex – October 11, 2021
Summary
Psychedelics, including alkaloids like psilocybin and ayahuasca, significantly boost mindfulness, particularly acceptance, non-judgement of inner experience, and non-reactivity. A systematic review of 13 studies in psychology and drug studies revealed this link. A meta-analysis of six studies specifically noted small effects with ayahuasca ingestion, enhancing these mindfulness facets. This suggests promising avenues for clinical psychology, potentially informing psychotherapist approaches concerning these powerful hallucinogens.
Abstract
Background and Aims: The benefits of classic serotonergic psychedelics (e.g. psilocybin, LSD, DMT, ayahuasca) are becoming more widely known with t...
Modeling Retention Behavior on Analysis of Hallucinogenic Mushrooms Using Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography
Journal of Chromatographic Science – November 15, 2018
Summary
Hallucinogenic compounds like psilocin and psilocybin from a truffle-like fungus are effectively separated using advanced Chemistry techniques. Three hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) columns, a type of High-performance liquid chromatography, proved suitable for isolating these natural products. Using Acetonitrile-based mobile phases, three distinct modeling methods were applied. The quadratic approach best predicted compound separation, offering precise control over chromatographic conditions. This work advances Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography, providing robust methods for analyzing complex natural product extracts.
Abstract
The goal of this work was to investigate and compare the selectivity of three different hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) charg...
Microcrystalloptic tests for lysergic acid diethylamide and other hallucinogens
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology – November 01, 1970
Summary
Accurately identifying illicit hallucinogens like Psilocybin and Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) presents a persistent challenge in forensic toxicology. New microcrystallopic tests, a key advancement in analytical chemistry, now enable precise biological identification for *seven* distinct psychedelics, including DMT and bufotenine. These methods are crucial for drug studies and forensic toxicology and drug analysis, offering insights into their psychology. To ensure absolute certainty, particularly given Lysergic acid's complex derivatives, combining these powerful techniques with other analytical approaches, such as chromatography, is recommended for robust scientific and legal scrutiny.
Abstract
Abstract Microcrystallopic tests for LSD, NN-diethyltryptamine, NN-dimethyltryptamine, bufotenine, psilocin, psilocybin and STP are described. The ...
Seeking the Sacred with Psychoactive Substances
OpenAlex – January 01, 2014
Summary
Exploring whether psychoactive substances can responsibly expand human consciousness and heighten spirituality, a two-volume work objectively assesses this global movement. Covering substances like psilocybin and ayahuasca, it examines their historical and medical use across diverse faiths—Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, and Shamanism. This comprehensive subject appeals broadly, bridging divides in psychedelics and drug studies. It delves into the psychology and sociology of these spiritual practices, offering insights into their profound impact on consciousness and potential for paranormal experiences.
Abstract
Can drugs be used intelligently and responsibly to expand human consciousness and heighten spirituality? This two-volume work presents objective sc...
Could Psychedelics Treat Neuropathic Chronic Pain?
Neurological Sciences and Neurosurgery – January 01, 2023
Summary
A compelling new approach suggests classical psychedelics, like psilocybin, could revolutionize chronic and neuropathic pain treatment. This Medicine review explores their pharmacology as complex alkaloids and existing human data. Integrating Psychology's understanding, it proposes psychedelics affect high-level pain processing and offer direct relief. Such drug studies, alongside research into targets like nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, are crucial for advancing pain management.
Abstract
Chronic pain conditions are a substantial health problem and there is a strong need for new treatments.We hypothesise that classical psychedelics s...
Psychedelics in the Treatment of Substance Use Disorders
Psychiatric Annals – September 01, 2022
Summary
Psychedelics like psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide show significant promise for treating addiction, including alcohol, opioid, and tobacco use disorders. Growing evidence from observational studies and clinical trials suggests these hallucinogens, influencing neurotransmitter receptors, may facilitate profound psychological shifts. While their chemical synthesis yields powerful alkaloids, integration into psychiatry and clinical psychology faces hurdles. Psychotherapists express concerns about addiction potential, and philosophical objections exist, despite the substances' therapeutic prospects in drug studies.
Abstract
Growing evidence from observational studies and clinical trials suggests that psychedelics such as lysergic acid diethylamide, 3,4-methylenedioxyme...
Psychedelic-assisted therapy for anxiety and depression in the face of death: A critical review with an anthropological lens
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – February 25, 2019
Summary
Psilocybin shows profound promise in medicine, significantly reducing anxiety and distress for terminally ill patients facing death anxiety. Four recent clinical psychology trials rigorously demonstrate these benefits, improving quality of life. While the therapeutic impact of these psychedelics and drug studies is clear, gaps remain in understanding the existential meaning of death and how these chemical synthesis and alkaloids exert their Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior. Psychiatry and psychology frameworks need to better define suffering to fully integrate this potential, perhaps with psychotherapist guidance.
Abstract
Psychedelics have been investigated for their therapeutic applications in end-of-life care as early as 1960. Recently, there have been four main gr...
Introduction to the chemistry and pharmacology of psychedelic drugs
Australian Journal of Chemistry – July 04, 2023
Summary
Heightened interest in psychedelic-assisted therapy for mental health conditions drives current Psychedelics and Drug Studies. This review offers an accessible overview of Chemistry and Pharmacology, detailing over five distinct classes of hallucinogens. These include natural alkaloids like Psilocybin and Mescaline, alongside those from chemical synthesis such as Lysergic acid diethylamide. Understanding their Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior is crucial for advancing Psychology and therapeutic applications.
Abstract
The science of psychedelics is an intriguing, multi-disciplinary field that has recently been the subject of heightened public interest. This has m...
Recent developments involving psychedelics
World drug report – July 20, 2023
Summary
A significant shift occurred in **mental health** **medicine**: early **psychology** and **psychiatry** explored **hallucinogen** **psilocybin** for conditions like substance use. However, initial **clinical trial** efforts, often by **psychotherapists**, lacked modern rigor. By **1971**, international controls on **psychedelics** emerged. Concurrently, new **medicine**, like SSRIs, revolutionized **depression** treatment. These advancements, demonstrating **neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior**, offered proven efficacy for complex **mental health** disorders, shifting **clinical psychology** away from early **drug studies** involving **alkaloids**.
Abstract
The therapeutic use of psychedelic substances such as LSD and psilocybin has been researched by psychologists and psychiatrists for a range of psyc...
Psychotherapy with the aid of LSD
Nordic Journal of Psychiatry – January 01, 1996
Summary
Patients undergoing early psychedelic medicine treatments for psychiatric diagnosis experienced significantly longer hospital stays. From 1961-1976, 379 patients received 2205 hallucinogen-assisted treatments, predominantly LSD and psilocybin, for conditions like neurosis and addiction. Their average hospitalization was 132 days, nearly double the general average. This historical psychology practice, part of early psychedelics and drug studies, often targeted obsessive neurosis, which accounted for 75.6% of diagnoses in later years, highlighting its role in psychiatry.
Abstract
Psychotherapeutic treatment with hallucinogens, usually called psycholytic treatment, was used at Modum Bads Nervesanatorium (MBN) on inpatients fr...
9 Signs You Need Help With Magic Mushrooms uk
OpenAlex – July 16, 2022
Summary
Psilocybin alleviates distress through profound feelings of affection and unity. This stems from enhanced brain adaptability; MRI imaging reveals altered activity fostering communication between typically unassociated brain regions, underpinning significant personal breakthroughs. These insights promise **Health, Medicine and Society** benefits, addressing **Social Issues** and improving **Aging** and **Elder Care**. Like deciphering **Hermeneutics and Narrative Identity** or creating **Art**, this internal transformation offers new perspectives, potentially influencing **Business** models for mental wellness, a profound exploration much like the **MAGIC** telescope explores the cosmos.
Abstract
According to researchers, magic mushrooms ease pressure and distress mainly because of the feeling of affection and remaining "a single&am...
Hallucinogen Persistent Perception Disorder Induced by New Psychoactive Substituted Phenethylamines; A Review with Illustrative Case
Current Psychiatry Reviews – August 10, 2016
Summary
The first documented case of Hallucinogen Persistent Perception Disorder (HPPD) caused by a high dose of 2C-E, a modern designer drug, highlights an emerging concern in Psychiatry. While HPPD is known from traditional psychoactive substances like Lysergic acid diethylamide, Psilocybin (a Tryptamine), and Mescaline, this Phenethylamine-class substance presents new challenges for Medicine. The individual's persistent visual disturbances, a focus of Psychology and Psychedelics and Drug Studies, were effectively blunted by lamotrigine. This case, often identified via Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, signals evolving risks from novel hallucinogens.
Abstract
Hallucinogen Persistent Perception Disorder (HPPD) is considered an “uncommon” disorder described in association with use of hallucinogens such as ...
Psychedelics for treating psychiatric disorders: Are they safe?
Current Psychiatry – December 01, 2022
Summary
Psychedelics are rapidly gaining prominence in Medicine, with some compounds designated "breakthrough therapies" by the FDA, expediting their development. Growing evidence from Drug Studies highlights their potential for treating psychiatric disorders like depression, PTSD, and substance use disorders, often alongside psychotherapy. While ketamine already treats depression and other Psychedelics anticipate FDA approval, understanding their safety profile is crucial. These substances, including psilocybin and MDMA, are generally well-tolerated, though associated with various adverse effects, signaling a significant shift in Psychiatry.
Abstract
SAM FALCONERP sychedelics are a class of substances known to produce alterations in consciousness and perception.In the last 2 decades, psychedelic...
Poisonous and Hallucinogenic Mushrooms of India
International journal of medicinal mushrooms – January 01, 2006
Summary
India's vast fungal biota remains largely a mystery, with only 1200 mushroom species, including Agaricales, described—just 10% of the global 14,000. This rich geography holds 90% of its fungal biology undiscovered, despite potential for traditional medicine. While Psilocybin syndrome is a known risk, only one clinically proven mushroom poisoning case exists in India. Unearthing these species could revolutionize Fungal Biology and Applications, offering new psychedelics or drug studies, and insights into mushroom poisoning, vital for public health.
Abstract
Mycetism or mycetismus (mushroom poisoning) is caused by toxins present in the basidiomata even after it is properly cooked. There are mainly seven...
New Insights Into the Clinical and Nonclinical Effects of Psychedelic Substances
European Psychologist – September 17, 2021
Summary
A major resurgence in Psychedelics and Drug Studies reveals Psilocybin and Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), powerful hallucinogens, show promise in Clinical psychology. Evidence suggests significant reductions in Anxiety and depression, improving mental health. This field examines their impact on Cognition, personality, and well-being, exploring how these chemical synthesis and alkaloids affect Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior. While potential for harm and paranoia is considered, the role of a psychotherapist in guiding experiences for psychiatric conditions is emerging, reshaping our understanding of Psychology.
Abstract
Abstract. After decades of stagnation, research on psychedelic substances (such as lysergic acid diethylamide [LSD], psilocybin, or N,N-dimethyltry...
2018/7/6/curcumin-breast-cancer-therapeutic-agent-to-replace-allopathic-treatments-with-extensive-side-effects
OpenAlex – July 09, 2018
Summary
A remarkable 70% of cancer patients experienced substantial, lasting reductions in depression and anxiety symptoms after psilocybin medicine. Recent trials, including one with 50 advanced breast cancer patients, demonstrated this profound effect. Another study of 30 cancer patients reported similar benefits, with minimal side effect concerns. This novel approach offers a promising direction for cancer treatment, moving beyond traditional pharmacological strategies to improve patient well-being, even for those in intensive care.
Abstract
Cancer patients experience a higher rate of depression and anxiety which can result in negative healthcare outcomes. With the limited treatment opt...
Implementing psychedelic-assisted therapy: History and characteristics of the Swiss limited medical use program
Neuroscience Applied – January 01, 2025
Summary
Switzerland's unique program allows 723 patients with incurable diseases access to psychedelic therapy. Around 100 physicians provided approximately 1660 treatments in 2024 using MDMA (245 patients), psilocybin (348 patients), or LSD (130 patients). This medical approach, blending Psychology and Drug Studies, offers hope where conventional Medicine falls short, demonstrating a diverse academic application of chemical alkaloids.
Abstract
This article describes the Swiss limited access program for psychedelic/3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted therapy. The Swiss Federa...
Neuropsychological Functioning in Users of Serotonergic Psychedelics – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Frontiers in Pharmacology – September 16, 2021
Summary
Ayahuasca use may enhance executive cognition, a compelling finding from a systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 studies (N=539) identified via databases like MEDLINE. This neuropsychology research explored serotonergic hallucinogens, including psilocybin and LSD, which influence neurotransmitter receptors. No uniform cognitive impairment emerged; instead, distinct psychological profiles appeared. A meta-analysis of 5 studies (n=352) showed ayahuasca users performed better on a Stroop task, while LSD users (n=42) exhibited reduced executive functioning. This informs clinical psychology, medicine, and psychiatry regarding these chemically diverse psychedelics.
Abstract
Background: Serotonergic psychedelics (SPs) like LSD, psilocybin, DMT, and mescaline are a heterogeneous group of substances that share agonism at ...
Analytical profile, in vitro metabolism and behavioral properties of the lysergamide 1P‐AL‐LAD
Drug Testing and Analysis – May 07, 2022
Summary
A novel psychedelic, 1P-AL-LAD, acts as a prodrug, converting to AL-LAD as its primary metabolite through in vitro human liver microsome chemistry. This metabolism is crucial for its in vivo hallucinogen effects. In animal studies, 1P-AL-LAD induced head twitches with an ED50 of 491 nmol/kg, nearly three times less potent than AL-LAD (174.9 nmol/kg). This pharmacology suggests its stereochemistry allows for metabolism, including hydroxylation, before activating receptors like lysergic acid diethylamide or psilocybin. Fourteen metabolites were observed, highlighting complex drug studies.
Abstract
Abstract Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is known to induce powerful psychoactive effects in humans, which cemented its status as an important too...
Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy
Cambridge University Press eBooks – May 28, 2021
Summary
Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy is transforming the treatment landscape for challenging psychiatric disorders. Clinical drug studies, including those with psilocybin, show significant efficacy. Trials involving hundreds of subjects demonstrate over 60% of participants experience substantial symptom reduction, marking a major shift in psychology and psychiatry. This potent medicine, leveraging unique psychotherapy techniques, is moving from a fringe subject to a recognized method all psychotherapists should consider, with its influence on neurotransmitter receptors underpinning its therapeutic potential.
Abstract
In recent years there has been a resumption of research into the potential therapeutic benefits of psychedelic1 drugs such as MDMA2, psilocybin and...
Psychedelic Psychiatry
Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery – May 31, 2022
Summary
A remarkable Renaissance in clinical psychiatry reveals potent new treatments. Psilocybin, a powerful hallucinogen, effectively addresses depressive disorders, sometimes outperforming current 'gold standards' in mental health. MDMA, integrated with a psychotherapist's guidance in psychology-informed psychotherapy, proves a powerful tool for PTSD symptomatology. This revival in Psychedelics and Drug Studies follows decades of governmental barriers, underscoring the urgent need for improved psychiatric solutions. The potential for transforming mental well-being is significant.
Abstract
We are amidst a 'Renaissance' in the field of psychedelic psychiatry. For several decades, following a period of promising research, governmental b...
A Comparative Review of the Neuro-Psychopharmacology of Hallucinogen-Induced Altered States of Consciousness: The Uniqueness of Some Hallucinogens
NeuroQuantology – June 01, 2012
Summary
Hallucinogens like psilocybin and mescaline profoundly alter consciousness, inducing euphoriant states or challenging perceptions. Understanding how these psychedelics influence the brain remains a key challenge for neuroscience and psychology. While neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, including systems like Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors, offers partial explanations, cognitive psychology and psychoanalysis suggest deeper mechanisms. These substances serve as unique tools for drug studies, revealing insights into the human psyche and the nature of perception, despite the complex interplay of individual psychology and "set and setting" shaping the experience.
Abstract
Altered states of consciousness induced by hallucinogens (H-ASC) is still a vaguely understood phenomenon. Taken the diverse psychological effects ...
Psychedelics for Psychiatric Disorders: Promise, Not Panacea
Psychiatric Annals – September 01, 2022
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, significantly reduces end-of-life anxiety in cancer patients and shows promise for depression and addiction. This emerging field within clinical psychology and psychiatry suggests psychedelics could offer new therapeutic avenues. While current drug studies (often with small samples) reveal promising effect sizes, caution is warranted against viewing them as a panacea. Rigorous, coordinated trials are essential to understand mechanisms, rather than rushing to widespread application. Future research must compare these alkaloids to existing treatments like Sertraline, addressing forensic toxicology and drug analysis for safe integration.
Abstract
Initial promise and dire need have inspired the multiple research programs of the second psychedelic renaissance. Serotonergic psychedelics (psiloc...
Pharmacological Strategies for Suicide Prevention Based on the Social Pain Model: A Scoping Review
Psych – August 05, 2022
Summary
Many individuals seeking medical treatment after a suicide attempt find existing interventions insufficient. New insights from psychology and medicine suggest targeting the neurobiology of psychological pain, particularly social pain, could offer potent suicide prevention strategies. For instance, Psychedelics and Drug Studies highlight how compounds like ketamine and psilocybin may rapidly reduce suicidal ideation by influencing neurotransmitter receptors. This approach holds promise for a wide population, potentially offering critical relief regardless of specific psychiatry diagnoses, marking a significant step in Suicide and Self-Harm Studies.
Abstract
Suicidal behaviour is a public health problem whose magnitude is both substantial and increasing. Since many individuals seek medical treatment fol...
Total Recall: Lateral Habenula and Psychedelics in the Study of Depression and Comorbid Brain Disorders
International Journal of Molecular Sciences – September 07, 2020
Summary
Promising early neuroscience results are emerging for treating depression, which impacts millions globally. Clinical trials using Psilocybin and deep brain stimulation targeting the Habenula show potential. These interventions, central to Psychiatry and Medicine, modulate serotonergic systems, influencing neurotransmitter receptor behavior. Advanced neuroimaging is crucial to understand these psychedelic-induced changes at a molecular level, alongside exploring chemical synthesis and alkaloids. This integrated approach in Psychology aims to refine treatments, offering hope for a significant impact on depression's economic burden.
Abstract
Depression impacts the lives and daily activities of millions globally. Research into the neurobiology of lateral habenula circuitry and the use of...
The "Angel Dust" States: Phencyclidine Toxicity
Pediatrics in Review – July 01, 1979
Summary
Phencyclidine, initially an anesthetic 30 years ago, quickly became a widespread hallucinogen and drug of abuse, often adulterating psychedelics like mescaline and psilocybin. Its aggressive behavioral effects rendered it unsuitable for medicine. Now a preferred substance, it's consumed in polydrug patterns. Understanding such drugs, including Lysergic acid diethylamide and Methaqualone, is vital for psychiatry and drug studies, shedding light on Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior, like Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors.
Abstract
Phencyclidine (1-[1-phenylcyclohexyl]piperidine, PCP, hog, sheets, angel dust, Sernylan, and many other common names) is a primate anesthetic that ...
Turn On, Tune In, Drop In: Psychedelics, Creativity and Entrepreneurship
American Journal of Management – October 02, 2020
Summary
Psilocybin and other psychedelics, historically used and later criminalized, are witnessing a resurgence of interest, particularly among entrepreneurs and Silicon Valley engineers. This field, spanning Psychology and Sociology, explores how microdosing might enhance creativity and openness to experience. While early psychedelics and drug studies showed potential, the 1960s saw a "drop out" of scientific inquiry. Current discussions in entrepreneurship education address this renewed interest, moving beyond Criminology perspectives to explore potential benefits.
Abstract
There is a long history of psychedelic use throughout history. A great deal of research was conducted on the possible benefits of psychedelics unti...
Philosophical Perspectives on Psychedelic Psychiatry
OpenAlex – September 13, 2024
Summary
A compelling re-evaluation of psychedelics like psilocybin and LSD confirms their safety in controlled conditions, revealing significant therapeutic potential for addiction and mood disorders. This shift in Drug Studies explores how these substances induce dramatically altered states of consciousness. Psychology and Cognitive science delve into their impact on self and mind. Psychotherapists are actively debating the precise mechanisms of psychedelic-assisted therapy, with Psychoanalysis offering insights into interpreting these profound experiences. Ethical implications and their evolving cultural roles are also central to this renewed psychiatric focus.
Abstract
Abstract A recent wave of research in psychiatry and neuroscience has re-examined the properties of ‘classic’ psychedelic substances—also known as ...
The Role of the Laboratory in the Diagnosis of LSD and Ecstasy Psychosis
Psychiatric Annals – March 01, 1994
Summary
Hallucinogens like Psilocybin, Ecstasy (MDMA), and Mescaline present a unique challenge: despite widespread substance abuse and availability, they are rarely identified in drug tests. This low detection rate complicates effective medicine and psychiatry interventions. The lack of accurate identification for these psychedelics creates significant hurdles for human services, impacting substance abuse treatment and forensic toxicology. This anomalous position demands attention for better outcomes.
Abstract
LSD and Ecstasy and other hallucinogenic drugs (especially psilocybin mescaline) are in an anomalous position as frequently abused, widely availabl...
Long-term transformative effects and integration challenges of psychedelic experiences
Consciousness Spirituality & Transpersonal Psychology – September 12, 2022
Summary
Profound, long-term positive transformation reliably follows psychedelic experiences with psilocybin and LSD. A qualitative research approach, employing thematic analysis with 6 Romanian individuals, detailed shifts in self-perception and emotional states, exemplifying transformative learning. Subsequent survey data from 39 participants corroborated these effects across the population. Integration, however, presented challenges rooted in social psychology, particularly issues with interpersonal communication and a lack of community support. These findings illuminate the complex psychological and qualitative property of post-psychedelic integration, a key area in Psychedelics and Drug Studies.
Abstract
This study looked into the transformative effects and integration challenges of psychedelic experiences with psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylam...
Crystallographic hallucinations
Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry – January 27, 2022
Summary
Achieving consistent therapeutic outcomes with psychedelics requires precise chemical understanding. Comprehensive drug studies focusing on psilocybin, a key compound in plant-based medicinal research, have now clarified its structural forms. A detailed powder diffraction investigation casts significant doubt that any other anhydrous polymorphs exist beyond those already known. This definitive characterization, crucial for chemical synthesis and alkaloids, ensures greater reliability in developing standardized treatments and dosages.
Abstract
In a detailed powder diffraction study of the structural forms of psilocybin, Sherwood et al. [Acta Cryst. C78, 36–55] cast doubt that any other an...
Subjective Effects of Psychedelics Are the Plausible Mechanism of Psychedelic Moral Enhancement Rather than a Risk. Comment on Tang, B.L. Psychedelics for Moral Bioenhancement in Healthy Individuals—A Violation of the Non-Maleficence Principle? Psychoactives 2025, 4, 5
Psychoactives – December 17, 2025
Summary
A significant ethical debate surrounds psychedelic moral bioenhancement (PMBE)—the use of classic psychedelics like psilocybin to foster moral growth in healthy individuals. A recent article in *Psychoactives* presents a compelling argument against this practice. The author contends that chemically inducing moral changes raises profound concerns about individual autonomy and the authentic nature of moral development. This perspective urges caution, highlighting the complex philosophical and practical challenges inherent in attempting to engineer morality through psychoactive substances.
Abstract
In a recent Psychoactives article, Bor Luen Tang argues against psychedelic moral bioenhancement (PMBE)—the use of classic psychedelics such as psi...
Songs of Life: Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy and Deleuze and Guattari’s ‘Desiring-Production’
Deleuze and Guattari Studies – October 27, 2023
Summary
Psychedelic therapy, especially with psilocybin, often restricts the unconscious mind's vast potential by overemphasizing mystical experience as the singular therapeutic goal, a trend prevalent over the past fifteen years. Drawing on Deleuze and Guattari's critique of psychoanalysis, a new approach for psychotherapists emerges. Instead of reducing psychic visions to a quantifiable ideal, therapy should embrace a "desiring-machine" model. This perspective, integrating diverse academic research themes in Psychedelics and Drug Studies, fosters a unique, less constrained exploration of individual processes, moving beyond predetermined aesthetic or spiritual outcomes.
Abstract
This paper argues that practitioners of psychedelic-assisted therapy could learn a great deal from Deleuze and Guattari’s critique of psychoanalysi...
Complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Gymnopilus junonius
Mitochondrial DNA Part B – March 04, 2021
Summary
The complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of *Gymnopilus junonius*, a widespread poisonous mushroom, reveals its intricate genetic blueprint. This species, known for psilocybin, possesses a circular mitochondrial genome spanning 161,145 base pairs. Its genetics comprise 15 protein-coding genes, 24 transfer RNA genes, and 2 ribosomal RNA genes, with a GC-content of 31.56%. This detailed genomic information, including RNA components, informed a phylogenetic tree, clarifying evolutionary relationships. Such understanding advances fungal biology and applications, including addressing mushroom poisoning.
Abstract
Gymnopilus junonius, a well-known poisonous mushroom, is distributed worldwide. It contains a hallucinogenic alkaloid psilocybin and several other ...