1705 results for "Ketamine"
Iatrogenic tension pneumothorax resulting from misconnection of the endotracheal tube to the auxiliary oxygen flowmeter of the anaesthetic machine.
Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia – March 07, 2025
Summary
A routine veterinary scan turned critical when a simple equipment mix-up caused a life-threatening lung complication in a young canine patient. Quick thinking saved the day when veterinarians spotted dangerous chest pressure caused by incorrect connection of breathing tubes to the anaesthetic machine. The adverse event was resolved through emergency pressure relief and chest tube placement. This case highlights how standardized equipment connections can prevent serious tension pneumothorax and other adverse events during animal procedures.
Abstract
A 1-year-old, male entire English Springer Spaniel dog, presented for computed tomography investigation of bilateral pelvic limb gait abnormality. ...
A Review of Treatment Modalities for Comorbid Neuropathic Pain and Depression.
Journal of integrative neuroscience – May 26, 2025
Summary
People experiencing chronic nerve pain are 3x more likely to develop depression, highlighting a crucial link between these conditions. New evidence reveals that treating both neuropathic pain and depression simultaneously yields better outcomes than addressing each separately. Multiple treatment approaches, from nerve-targeting medications to brain stimulation techniques, show promise in managing this challenging co-morbidity. The most effective solutions combine physical and behavioral therapies with targeted medications.
Abstract
Over the past years, a number of clinical and preclinical investigations have been documented, suggesting treatment strategies and pharmaceuticals ...
Comparison of Esketamine/Propofol and Sufentanil/Propofol on Intraoperative Hypoxemia During Bronchoscopy: A Randomized Trial.
Drug design, development and therapy – January 01, 2025
Summary
During bronchoscopy procedures, low oxygen levels affect up to 67% of patients using traditional sedation methods. New research shows that combining esketamine with propofol reduces this risk significantly, dropping the occurrence of hypoxemia to just 27%. The study compared two sedation approaches in 66 patients, finding that the esketamine combination led to faster recovery times and better oxygen levels than the traditional sufentanil-propofol mix, with similar safety profiles.
Abstract
Propofol and sufentanil are the most commonly used anesthetics during bronchoscopy. Esketamine is an s-enantiomer of ketamine racemate and has both...
[Anhedonia: from clinical practice to biomarkers].
Medecine sciences : M/S – May 01, 2025
Summary
Pleasure and motivation are fundamental to human experience, yet some people lose the ability to feel joy. This reduced capacity, known as anhedonia, goes beyond simple sadness. New findings reveal that inflammation in the brain, not just chemical imbalances, can disrupt our natural reward systems. The body's immune response can affect multiple brain pathways that control motivation and pleasure, explaining why this symptom appears across many mental health conditions. Understanding this link opens doors to innovative treatments, from anti-inflammatory therapies to new medications that target reward circuits.
Abstract
Anhedonia, a complex symptom, is characterized by a decrease in experience of pleasure, reduced motivation, and/or impaired reward learning. Althou...
Strategies to Facilitate Intravenous Access for Electroconvulsive Therapy Procedures in Pediatric and Neurodivergent Patients: A Case Series.
Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology – May 19, 2025
Summary
Healthcare teams have found innovative ways to help young patients and those with autism spectrum disorder receive vital psychiatric treatments. By using personalized approaches like oral anxiety medication, gentle sedation, or specialized vascular access devices, doctors can now better assist patients who struggle with IV placement during electroconvulsive therapy. This advancement in child and adolescent psychiatry helps ensure all patients can access needed care.
Abstract
Introduction: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for severe and treatment-resistant psychiatric disorders, particularly depr...
Acute changes in serum iron concentrations in anesthetized healthy horses.
Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia – January 01, 2025
Summary
During anesthesia, horses experience a dramatic drop in blood iron levels, with the most significant decrease occurring 24 hours after the procedure. In healthy horses monitored over time, serum iron dropped by nearly 60% a day after anesthesia, suggesting that the body's inflammatory response affects iron regulation. This finding helps veterinarians better interpret blood work in horses recovering from surgery, preventing potential misdiagnosis of inflammatory conditions.
Abstract
To determine if serum iron concentrations decrease acutely during and after general anesthesia in healthy horses. Prospective experimental study. A...
Effectiveness of non-surgical interventions for patients with chronic sciatica: A systematic review with network meta-analysis.
The journal of pain – May 13, 2025
Summary
Relief for chronic sciatica sufferers: Multiple non-surgical interventions show promise in managing leg pain. Spinal manipulation, exercise combined with neural mobilization, and targeted injections demonstrated significant pain reduction. Physical therapy and specialized injection treatments offered lasting functional improvements, giving patients more options beyond surgery.
Abstract
The objective of the study was to investigate the comparative effectiveness of non-surgical interventions for adults with chronic sciatica. EMBASE,...
Decreasing Preoperative Anxiety in Patients with Newly Available Multimodal Approaches-A Narrative Review.
Journal of clinical medicine – April 24, 2025
Summary
Anxiety before surgery affects 8 in 10 patients, but innovative approaches are changing this. A combination of medication and therapy shows promising results in reducing patient stress. Anti-anxiety agents provide quick relief, while perioperative care teams now use music, virtual reality, and psychotherapy. Informed consent processes have evolved to be more reassuring and comprehensive.
Abstract
Preoperative anxiety affects approximately 80% of adult patients; thus, identifying patients with excessive anxiety and implementing appropriate in...
The Role of microRNA in Anaesthetics-induced Brain Injury: A Narrative Review.
Turkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation – May 08, 2025
Summary
Small molecules in our cells may hold the key to making anaesthesia safer for developing brains. Recent findings show that microRNAs play a crucial role in how anaesthetic agents affect brain cells, particularly in young children. These molecules can either protect neurons or contribute to their damage. Understanding their function helps doctors develop safer anaesthesia protocols and protect vulnerable patients from neurotoxicity.
Abstract
Anaesthetics are commonly used agents during medical interventions and surgeries. Exposure to anaesthetic agents in late intrauterine life or early...
Case Report: Successful management of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures with intranasal esketamine.
Frontiers in psychiatry – January 01, 2025
Summary
A groundbreaking case shows how intranasal esketamine helped a patient overcome both treatment-resistant depression and functional seizures. The medication completely stopped the patient's psychogenic seizures while significantly improving their anxiety and depression symptoms. This success suggests esketamine could offer new hope for people with complex neuropsychiatric disorders linked to past trauma.
Abstract
Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES), or functional seizures (FS), are episodes that resemble epileptic seizures but may be psychological in o...
Advances in the study of NMDA receptors in depression pathogenesis and the antidepressant efficacy of their antagonists.
Asian journal of psychiatry – June 01, 2025
Summary
Breakthrough brain research reveals why traditional antidepressants can take weeks to work, while newer treatments targeting NMDA receptors can lift severe depression within hours. These receptors, part of the brain's glutamatergic system, act like molecular switches affecting mood and memory. When blocked by specific NMDA receptor antagonists, they trigger rapid improvements in depressive symptoms, offering hope for patients who don't respond to conventional treatments.
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDA receptors) play a crucial role as ionotropic glutamate receptors in regulating neuroplasticity, learning, memo...
Implementation of a multimodal pain protocol in adult burn patients.
Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries – June 01, 2025
Summary
Burn patients who received a balanced combination of pain medications needed 44% less morphine while maintaining effective pain control. A new electronic prescription system helped doctors better manage acute pain in burns by automatically suggesting multiple pain relief options. The approach combined traditional opioids with safer alternatives like acetaminophen, leading to better multimodal pain treatment without compromising patient comfort.
Abstract
The 2020 American Burn Association guidelines recommend a multimodal approach to pain management comprised of both opioids and non-opioids. The pur...
Opioid-free anesthesia in bariatric surgery: a prospective randomized controlled trial.
European journal of medical research – April 23, 2025
Summary
Patients undergoing bariatric surgery experienced better pain control and needed less morphine when given opioid-free anesthesia compared to traditional methods. The approach combined several non-opioid medications to manage pain, reducing morphine use by more than 50%. Patients reported lower pain levels during rest and movement, with no increase in nausea or vomiting. They were also more satisfied with their care.
Abstract
Bariatric surgeries are increasingly used to manage obesity, presenting significant perioperative challenges, especially with opioid use. Opioid-Fr...
High-flow oxygenation therapy for a sedated elderly frail patient with hiccups undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation.
JA clinical reports – April 21, 2025
Summary
High-flow nasal oxygenation therapy proved remarkably effective in managing hiccups and maintaining stable breathing during a delicate heart valve procedure. The technique helped an 82-year-old patient with severe heart issues undergo transcatheter aortic valve implantation under conscious sedation, preventing complications and unwanted body movements while ensuring proper oxygen levels throughout the procedure.
Abstract
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) can be performed under sedation, but body movements may lower the efficacy of the procedure and may ...
Less is better: role of adjuvants.
Current opinion in anaesthesiology – April 11, 2025
Summary
Adding certain medications to local anaesthetics can significantly enhance pain control during regional anaesthesia. Recent evidence shows that carefully chosen adjuvants can boost the effectiveness of peripheral nerve blocks while reducing the amount of anaesthetic needed. Dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine stand out as promising options, with dexamethasone showing particularly strong results. This approach offers better pain management with lower medication doses.
Abstract
To update published data about adjuvants and examine their evolution in use over the last 2 years. This scoping review highlights current and updat...
Rapid Screening of Illicit Drugs from Biofluid via Dried Blood/Urine Spot and Ultrasonic Desorption-Assisted Low-Temperature Arc Plasma Ionization Mass Spectrometry.
Analytical chemistry – April 29, 2025
Summary
A groundbreaking 3-second test now enables rapid detection of illicit drugs in blood and urine samples. Using innovative paper-based collection and advanced plasma technology, this method achieves highly accurate results with minimal sample preparation. The technique proves reliable across various storage conditions and can detect multiple drugs simultaneously, making it a game-changer for medical screening and forensic analysis.
Abstract
A novel method for rapid and sensitive illicit drug screening in biofluids has been developed by employing a paper-based sample collection coupled ...
Assessment of laparotomy-induced stress response in opium- and morphine-addicted rats by measuring serum glucose and corticosterone levels: an animal experiment.
Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) – March 01, 2025
Summary
Regular opium and morphine use may alter how the body responds to surgery. In an animal study, rats addicted to these substances showed significantly lower stress responses during laparotomy compared to non-addicted rats. Blood tests revealed reduced glucose and stress hormone levels in addicted rats after surgery, suggesting chronic opioid use dampens the body's natural surgical stress response.
Abstract
Surgical procedures induce stress responses similar to severe illnesses, activating the metabolic and neuroendocrine systems, especially the hypoth...
Psychedelics in the treatment of eating disorders: Rationale and potential mechanisms
European Neuropsychopharmacology – June 21, 2023
Summary
Psychedelic-assisted therapy offers compelling promise for severe Eating disorders like Anorexia nervosa and Bulimia nervosa. Preliminary data, from various studies and case reports, suggests potential in Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology for improving body image and cognitive flexibility. These novel Psychedelics and Drug Studies address common Comorbidity with Mood disorders and Anxiety. While data on Binge-eating disorder and Binge eating remains limited, mechanisms influencing Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior offer new avenues. Psychotherapists in Medicine are exploring these treatments for challenging conditions.
Abstract
Eating disorders are serious illnesses showing high rates of mortality and comorbidity with other mental health problems. Psychedelic-assisted ther...
In vivo mapping of pharmacologically induced functional reorganization onto the human brain’s neurotransmitter landscape
Science Advances – June 14, 2023
Summary
The human brain's response to drugs reveals a profound link between molecular structure and behavior. Neuroscience shows diverse pharmacological agents, including 10 psychedelics and anesthetics, reorganize brain function by engaging multiple neurotransmitter systems. By mapping 19 neurotransmitter receptors and transporters, a clear influence on behavior emerged. This pharmacology insight has significant implications for Psychology and Medicine, informing drug studies and our understanding of brain disorders. Crucially, regional drug susceptibility mirrors vulnerability to structural alterations seen in conditions like those linked to Tryptophan imbalances.
Abstract
To understand how pharmacological interventions can exert their powerful effects on brain function, we need to understand how they engage the brain...
Therapeutic role of psilocybin and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine in trauma: A literature review
World Journal of Psychiatry – May 19, 2023
Summary
Psychedelics like MDMA and psilocybin are transforming psychiatry, showing promise for rapid improvement in conditions such as PTSD and depression. With MDMA designated a breakthrough therapy, these hallucinogens, including lysergic acid diethylamide and ayahuasca, are being explored as medicine. Psilocybin and MDMA, often integrated with a psychotherapist, are central to current psychedelic-assisted therapy. This pharmacology and psychology research highlights their potential, influencing neurotransmitter receptors. Chemical synthesis of these compounds is vital for drug studies.
Abstract
With the Food and Drug Administration designation in 2017 of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) as a breakthrough therapy in post-traumatic s...
Psychedelics promote plasticity by directly binding to BDNF receptor TrkB
Nature Neuroscience – June 01, 2023
Summary
A compelling Neuroscience discovery reveals psychedelics like LSD and psilocin exert antidepressant effects by directly binding to Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), a key Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) receptor. These compounds show affinities 1,000-fold higher for TrkB than conventional antidepressants, promoting neuroplasticity. Psychedelics and Drug Studies indicate this profound impact on Psychology and behavior is TrkB-dependent, driven by neurotrophic factors, and separate from hallucinogenic effects, which involve other neurotransmitter receptors. This opens avenues for non-hallucinogenic treatments.
Abstract
Abstract Psychedelics produce fast and persistent antidepressant effects and induce neuroplasticity resembling the effects of clinically approved a...
Role of Psychedelics in Treatment-Resistant Depression.
The Psychiatric clinics of North America – June 01, 2023
Summary
Breakthrough findings show that psychedelics like psilocybin and LSD offer new hope for people who haven't responded to conventional depression treatments. Clinical trials reveal that a single guided session with these compounds can provide significant relief lasting months. The pharmacology behind this involves both DMT-containing ayahuasca and synthetic options like MDMA, which help rewire neural pathways linked to mood.
Abstract
There is increasing interest in exploring the therapeutic potential of psychedelics in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Classic psychedelics (...
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The thalamus in psychosis spectrum disorder.
Frontiers in neuroscience – January 01, 2023
Summary
The thalamus, a deep brain structure that acts like a neural switchboard, plays a crucial role in psychosis. Recent discoveries show how disrupted connections between the thalamus and cortex affect cognition and perception. Studies combining brain imaging and pharmacology reveal that this disruption mirrors effects seen with psychosis-inducing drugs. The mediodorsal nucleus appears particularly important, suggesting new treatment paths for mental health conditions.
Abstract
Psychosis spectrum disorder (PSD) affects 1% of the world population and results in a lifetime of chronic disability, causing devastating personal ...
Is the Requirement for First-Person Experience of Psychedelic Drugs a Justified Component of a Psychedelic Therapist's Training?
Cambridge quarterly of healthcare ethics : CQ : the international journal of healthcare ethics committees – March 02, 2023
Summary
Should therapists personally experience psychedelics before guiding others? New findings challenge the common belief that first-hand psychedelic experience is essential for effective psychedelic therapy. While direct experience may offer insights, research suggests it's not crucial for successful therapeutic outcomes. Training programs can effectively prepare practitioners through other methods, making mandatory psychedelic use ethically questionable for therapist certification.
Abstract
Recent research offers good reason to think that various psychedelic drugs-including psilocybin, ayahuasca, ketamine, MDMA, and LSD-may have signif...
Cannabis-assisted psychotherapy for complex dissociative posttraumatic stress disorder: A case report
Frontiers in Psychiatry – February 09, 2023
Summary
A young woman with complex dissociative posttraumatic stress disorder achieved a 98.5% reduction in pathological dissociation after ten sessions of cannabis-assisted psychotherapy. This psychotherapist-guided treatment combined cognitive and exposure therapies to address severe depersonalization and derealization, common in dissociative and panic disorders. Improved cognition and psychosocial functioning were sustained for over two years. Offering a promising avenue for clinical psychology and psychiatry, it links cannabis to psychedelics and their Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior.
Abstract
Background A dissociative subtype of posttraumatic stress disorder, known as “D-PTSD”, has been included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual o...
Among psychedelic-experienced users, only past use of psilocybin reliably predicts nature relatedness
Journal of Psychopharmacology – January 01, 2023
Summary
Experience with the hallucinogen psilocybin uniquely predicts a stronger connection to nature, according to a reanalysis of 3817 participants. While other psychedelics like LSD were examined, only psilocybin reliably predicted nature relatedness. Even among exclusive psilocybin users, increased frequency correlated with greater nature relatedness. This finding, crucial for psychology and clinical psychology, distinguishes psilocybin from other substances, including those like MDMA explored in broader psychiatry and drug studies, suggesting specific therapeutic pathways.
Abstract
Background: Past research reports a positive relationship between experience with classic serotonergic psychedelics and nature relatedness (NR). Ho...
Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy and Psychedelic Science: A Review and Perspective on Opportunities in Neurosurgery and Neuro-Oncology
Neurosurgery – December 08, 2022
Summary
Psychedelics like Psilocybin are profoundly re-emerging as potential medicine, showing promise for over a dozen neuropsychiatric conditions including severe Mood and Anxiety disorders. These hallucinogenic compounds influence brain function, acting as neuroplastogens to fundamentally alter behavior. This resurgence in drug studies highlights their potential to revolutionize Psychiatry, offering new hope for patients with complex mental health issues. Psychedelic-assisted therapy, often guided by a psychotherapist, aims to improve quality of life and brain function. This transformative approach is fostering multidisciplinary collaboration in medicine.
Abstract
After a decades-long pause, psychedelics are again being intensely investigated for treating a wide range of neuropsychiatric ailments including de...
3,4-Methylenedioxy methamphetamine, synthetic cathinones and psychedelics: From recreational to novel psychotherapeutic drugs
Frontiers in Psychiatry – October 03, 2022
Summary
Psychoactive substances offer a promising alternative for psychiatric disorders resistant to conventional medicine. MDMA, Psilocybin, and Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) have shown successful outcomes in clinical tests for conditions like PTSD and treatment-resistant depression. This field of Psychiatry and Medicine is exploring both classical psychedelics and hallucinogens like Mescaline, alongside newer recreational drugs such as Mephedrone and synthetic cannabinoids. Pharmacology and Drug Studies investigate their neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior. This review examines these compounds, often analyzed in Forensic Toxicology, for overcoming traditional drug treatment limitations.
Abstract
The utility of classical drugs used to treat psychiatric disorders (e.g., antidepressants, anxiolytics) is often limited by issues of lack of effic...
Use of psychedelics in the Czech Republic: results of recent population surveys.
Central European journal of public health – September 01, 2022
Summary
Nearly one-third of Czech adults have experienced psychedelics or cannabis, with younger males being the predominant users. Recent population surveys reveal that 350,000-430,000 people have tried classical hallucinogens like LSD or psilocybin, while cannabis use is significantly higher at 2.1 million users. Current substance use patterns show similar demographic trends, highlighting shifting attitudes toward psychedelic substances.
Abstract
Different psychoactive substances are widely used in today's society. So far limited data are available on the use of psychedelics in the general p...
Predictors of Psychedelic Experience: A Thematic Analysis
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – October 05, 2022
Summary
Nature and music can de-escalate adverse reactions to psychoactive substances like Psilocybin and MDMA. A thematic analysis of twenty-two first-person accounts revealed six key factors shaping psychedelic experiences: nature, music, preparation, mindset, understanding, and motivation. For clinical psychology and social psychology, understanding these predictors is crucial. Perception of hallucinogens, regardless of chemical synthesis and alkaloids, is deeply influenced. This work in Psychedelics and Drug Studies highlights how a careful set of conditions can mitigate harm and influence neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, aiding psychotherapists in harm reduction.
Abstract
Research on the therapeutic potential of psychedelic substances is expanding. A limitation within this field is the unpredictability of individual ...
Psychedelics and schizophrenia: Distinct alterations to Bayesian inference.
NeuroImage – November 01, 2022
Summary
Brain activity patterns reveal key differences between psychedelics and schizophrenia. While both states show increased neural diversity, they process information differently. Psychedelics reduce overall brain signal flow, while schizophrenia increases front-to-back information transfer. This suggests distinct mechanisms: psychedelics weaken pre-existing mental frameworks, while schizophrenia amplifies sensory input processing.
Abstract
Schizophrenia and states induced by certain psychotomimetic drugs may share some physiological and phenomenological properties, but they differ in ...
The Potential Influence of Associated Antidepressants on the Pharmacokinetic Profile of Esketamine in Patients Affected by Treatment-resistant Depression.
Current neuropharmacology – April 07, 2025
Summary
Certain antidepressant drugs can significantly boost blood levels of esketamine, a breakthrough treatment for stubborn depression. This finding shows how combining medications affects the body's processing of esketamine through cytochrome P450 enzymes. Patients taking specific antidepressants like paroxetine showed higher esketamine levels, though this didn't impact treatment success. These insights help doctors optimize dosing for safer, more effective depression care.
Abstract
Esketamine is administered intranasally in combination with at least another antidepressant in patients with treatment-resistant depression. Some o...
Does BMI matter when treating depression with esketamine? A retrospective analysis of real-world data.
Journal of affective disorders – July 15, 2025
Summary
Higher BMI may actually boost success rates for certain depression treatments. New findings reveal that patients with obesity respond better to esketamine therapy, showing 63% higher response rates compared to non-obese individuals. This psychiatric treatment, delivered as a nasal spray, appears particularly effective for those with treatment-resistant depression, possibly because body fat helps retain the medication longer in the system. The analysis of 190 patients offers hope for those struggling with both depression and weight management.
Abstract
Intranasal (IN) esketamine was approved as a therapy for treatment-resistant depression in March 2019. There continues to be interest in the field ...
Neuroplasticity and Psychedelics: a comprehensive examination of classic and non-classic compounds in pre and clinical models
arXiv Preprint Archive – November 29, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics like LSD and psilocybin can rewire brain connections after just one dose, unlike traditional psychiatric medications. These compounds boost the brain's natural plasticity, helping neurons form new pathways and adapt to change. Studies show they create a window of enhanced learning and adaptation, leading to lasting improvements in mood and behavior.
Abstract
Neuroplasticity, the ability of the nervous system to adapt throughout an organism's lifespan, offers potential as both a biomarker and treatment t...
Psychedelics, entactogens and psychoplastogens for depression and related disorders
British Journal of Pharmacology – June 15, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics are revolutionizing Psychiatry. Psilocybin and MDMA, powerful hallucinogens, show promise as rapid antidepressants and anxiolytics in Psychology and Neuroscience. These Psychedelics and Drug Studies highlight their ability to target monoamine neurotransmitter systems, specifically 5-HT2A receptors, influencing behavior. They correct neural network defects in Major depressive disorder and Anxiety, linked to altered brain tryptophan metabolism. Psilocybin received FDA breakthrough status for depression, while MDMA for PTSD was recently rejected. This offers new hope for severe mental health conditions.
Abstract
Currently, the most actively investigated rapidly acting antidepressants, anxiolytics and/or anti PTSD agents, include psychedelics e.g. psilocybin...
Safety in treatment: Classical pharmacotherapeutics and new avenues for addressing maternal depression and anxiety during pregnancy.
Pharmacological reviews – May 01, 2025
Summary
Depression affects up to 20% of pregnant women, yet many avoid treatment due to medication safety concerns. Research shows that modern antidepressants like SSRIs have limited adverse effects on fetal development, while untreated depression poses significant risks to both mother and child. Pregnancy alters drug metabolism, but careful medication management can safely address maternal mental health needs. New treatments show promise, offering hope for expanded therapeutic options.
Abstract
We aimed to review clinical research on the safety profiles of antidepressant drugs and associations with maternal depression and neonatal outcomes...
Patients' Experiences Discussing Psychedelics for Therapeutic Purposes with Physicians and Other Health Care Providers.
Psychedelic medicine (New Rochelle, N.Y.) – September 01, 2024
Summary
Despite growing interest in psychedelics for therapeutic purposes, 70% of users never discuss these treatments with their doctors. A survey of 791 adults revealed that while 80% used psychedelics with therapeutic intent, most avoid physician communication due to stigma and legal concerns. Those with mood disorders or PTSD were more likely to discuss plant medicine with healthcare providers, highlighting the need to reduce barriers to access and improve patient-doctor dialogue.
Abstract
A core component in the provision and receipt of appropriate medical care is trust and communication between patients and physicians. The use of ps...
Efficacy of esketamine nasal spray for treatment-resistant depression: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies.
Medicine – February 28, 2025
Summary
A breakthrough nasal spray doubles the chance of improvement in patients with hard-to-treat depression. Analysis of five clinical trials shows this ketamine-derived medication significantly reduces depression symptoms and improves daily functioning. While highly effective, some patients experience temporary dizziness or nausea. This treatment offers new hope for those who haven't responded to traditional antidepressants.
Abstract
The efficacy of esketamine nasal spray for treatment-resistant depression remains controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis was condu...
Time moving 100-fold slower: time distortion as a diagnostic clue in anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis.
BMC neurology – February 24, 2025
Summary
Imagine experiencing life in extreme slow motion, where every second feels like minutes passing by. This rare but striking symptom of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis can make time appear to move up to 100 times slower. Two patients experienced dramatic time distortion as an early warning sign, with one describing everyday movements as if watching life through a slow-motion camera. Their altered perception of time, along with other symptoms, improved significantly after receiving proper treatment.
Abstract
The primary symptoms in the early stages of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis are psychiatric manifestations, making it difficult to distinguish from...
Photothermal Desorption and Reagent-Assisted Low-Temperature Plasma Ionization Miniature IT-MS/MS for On-Site Analysis of Illicit Drugs in Saliva and Urine.
Analytical chemistry – February 11, 2025
Summary
A new portable device brings lab-grade drug testing to roadside checks, detecting illegal substances in saliva within seconds. This breakthrough combines heat-based extraction with specialized ionization techniques to identify drugs like cocaine and methamphetamine at extremely low concentrations. The method matches accuracy of large lab equipment while being fast enough for real-world police use.
Abstract
Globally, drug-impaired driving fatalities now exceed those from drunk driving, urging the need for on-site and roadside detection methods. In this...
Dissociative and Deep Sedations Administered by Trained Unsupervised Pediatric Residents in Israeli Emergency Departments.
Annals of emergency medicine – January 22, 2025
Summary
Trained pediatric residents prove just as safe as experienced physicians when administering deep and dissociative sedation in emergency settings. In a comprehensive Israeli study spanning 23,000+ cases, residents performed sedation procedures for common childhood emergencies like fracture treatments with remarkably low complication rates - only 0.024% resulted in critical events, matching the safety record of seasoned emergency doctors.
Abstract
To cover pediatric emergency physicians' off-hours, third-year pediatric residents in Israel are trained for unsupervised administration of emergen...
[Mechanisms of action of antidepressive pharmacotherapy: brain and mind-body and environment].
Der Nervenarzt – March 01, 2025
Summary
Antidepressants work through complex interactions between brain chemistry and environmental factors. Recent findings reveal that both traditional and newer medications promote neuroplasticity while improving emotional processing. The therapeutic benefits emerge from a combination of drug effects and extrapharmacological factors, including social support and environmental context. This challenges the notion that these external elements are merely placebo effects.
Abstract
Novel antidepressive substances are challenging the explanations for the mechanisms of action of traditional psychopharmacology. What could be the ...
Qualitative confirmation of 30 phencyclidine analogs in human blood and urine using GC-HRMS and a self-built library search.
Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences – February 01, 2025
Summary
New testing method successfully identifies 30 dangerous synthetic drugs in blood and urine samples. Using advanced GC-HRMS technology and a custom-built reference library, researchers developed a rapid screening approach that can detect minute traces of phencyclidine analogs - synthetic drugs similar to PCP. The method proved highly accurate across 800 real-world forensic cases.
Abstract
Phencyclidine, a dissociative anesthetic with hallucinogenic effects, is commonly abused as a recreational drug. Phencyclidine analogs are compound...
Arketamine alleviates cognitive impairments and demyelination in mice with postoperative cognitive dysfunction via TGF-β1 activation.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry – January 10, 2025
Summary
Surgery-related cognitive decline affects millions, but a breakthrough treatment shows promise. A single dose of arketamine significantly improved memory and brain function in mice with postoperative cognitive dysfunction. The drug works by activating TGF-β1, which helps repair damaged nerve coatings (demyelination) in the brain. This discovery offers hope for preventing post-surgery cognitive complications.
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is characterized by a decline in cognitive functions, including memory, attention, and executive abiliti...
Esketamine and neurocognitive disorders in adult surgical patients: a meta-analysis.
BMC anesthesiology – December 05, 2024
Summary
A groundbreaking analysis reveals that esketamine significantly reduces cognitive complications after surgery. This comprehensive meta-analysis of 13 studies found that patients receiving esketamine during surgery had less than half the risk of developing perioperative neurocognitive disorders and postoperative delirium. The treatment also reduced pain levels and decreased the need for other pain medications, without increasing nausea or vomiting.
Abstract
Prior meta-analyses have established the potential of intravenous ketamine in safeguarding against neurocognitive impairment, but the efficacy of i...
Novel Pharmacologic and Other Somatic Treatment Approaches for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Adults: State of the Evidence.
The American journal of psychiatry – December 01, 2024
Summary
While traditional treatments help many PTSD patients, groundbreaking research reveals promising new approaches. Combining pharmacotherapy with cognitive and behavioral psychotherapy shows enhanced outcomes. Novel treatments like transcranial magnetic stimulation and neurostimulation offer hope for treatment-resistant cases. Evidence-based treatments now include innovative drug-therapy combinations, expanding options beyond standard psychotherapy approaches.
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a highly prevalent psychiatric disorder that can become chronic and debilitating when left untreated. The m...
Early augmentation therapy with dextromethorphan in mild to moderate major depressive disorder: A group sequential, response adaptive randomized controlled trial.
Psychiatry research – December 01, 2024
Summary
Adding dextromethorphan to standard antidepressants doubled the remission rate in people with major depressive disorder. This groundbreaking finding shows how a common cough suppressant could enhance depression treatment. The 8-week trial found patients receiving adjunct therapy with dextromethorphan showed significantly better response rates and symptom improvement compared to those on standard treatment alone, with minimal side effects.
Abstract
Therapeutic latency, lack of response, and adverse drug reactions are major challenges in current treatment approaches for major depressive disorde...
Acute effects of esketamine on hypoxic ventilatory response, haemodynamics, and brain function in healthy volunteers.
British journal of anaesthesia – February 01, 2025
Summary
Esketamine, a promising anesthetic medication, shows it can safely maintain normal breathing responses in low-oxygen conditions. Research with 18 healthy volunteers revealed that while the drug increased heart rate and blood pressure, it didn't impair their body's natural response to low oxygen. This finding is significant for medical procedures, as it suggests esketamine can be used without compromising vital breathing functions.
Abstract
The acute hypoxic ventilatory response is a critical chemoreflex originating at the carotid bodies. This study investigates the impact of low-dose ...
Transforming growth factor-β1 mediates the beneficial effects of arketamine on demyelination and remyelination in the brains of cuprizone-treated mice.
European journal of pharmacology – December 15, 2024
Summary
Breakthrough research reveals how arketamine, a promising antidepressant, helps repair damaged nerve coatings in the brain. The drug works by triggering TGF-β1, a key protein that protects against demyelination and promotes remyelination. In mice treated with cuprizone, arketamine significantly improved nerve healing, offering hope for treating multiple sclerosis and similar conditions.
Abstract
The novel antidepressant arketamine, the (R)-enantiomer of ketamine, has been shown to ameliorate demyelination and facilitate remyelination in the...
Emerging Illicit Drug "2C": A Case Report on Its Hallucinogenic and Stimulant Properties.
Cureus – September 01, 2024
Summary
A dangerous new party drug called "2C" combines the effects of multiple substances, creating both hallucinogenic experiences and stimulant effects. Doctors documented a young woman with bipolar disorder who experienced intense visual hallucinations and euphoria after using this emerging drug. Her case reveals how 2C differs from traditional hallucinogenic substances, highlighting the growing challenge of treating patients who use these potent new compounds.
Abstract
"2C," formally known as 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine, is an illicit drug that combines elements of ketamine, MDMA (ecstasy), methamphetamine...
Neurocognitive changes in a patient receiving esketamine for treatment-resistant depression.
JAAPA : official journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants – September 01, 2024
Summary
A groundbreaking depression treatment showed unexpected effects on brain function in one patient. Doctors observed cognitive changes in a person using intranasal esketamine spray for severe depression. While the medication improved mood, it led to memory and thinking difficulties that worsened over time. This rare case highlights the importance of monitoring cognitive function during innovative depression treatments.
Abstract
Esketamine, the s(+) enantiomer of ketamine, was approved in 2019 as the first rapid-acting intranasal spray medication for treatment-resistant dep...
Novel harm reduction measures at music festivals in Australia: Pilot implementation of the Emerging Drugs Network of Australia-Victoria toxicosurveillance methodology.
Drug and alcohol review – November 01, 2024
Summary
At Australian music festivals, 75% of critically ill patients tested positive for unexpected substances, revealing the hidden risks of illicit drugs. New public health monitoring systems track drug-related emergencies at festivals, analyzing blood samples for over 700 substances. The program identified dangerous new psychoactive substances (NPS) and helped medical teams provide better care, ultimately making festivals safer through enhanced toxicosurveillance.
Abstract
Harm reduction strategies at music festivals seek to create a safer environment for patrons. The Emerging Drugs Network of Australia-Victoria (EDNA...
Glutamatergic Modulators for Major Depression from Theory to Clinical Use.
CNS drugs – November 01, 2024
Summary
Breakthrough brain chemistry findings have led to faster-acting depression treatments. While traditional antidepressants take weeks to work, new medications targeting glutamate - a key brain chemical - can provide relief within days. Two FDA-approved treatments now harness this mechanism: a nasal spray for treatment-resistant depression and a novel oral medication. These options offer hope for patients who don't respond to conventional therapies.
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a chronic, burdensome, highly prevalent disease that is characterized by depressed mood and anhedonia. MDD is es...
Evaluation of spectroscopic techniques for on-site drug testing of festival seizures.
Drug testing and analysis – June 01, 2025
Summary
On-site drug testing at festivals revealed MDMA doses varying from 52mg to 336mg per tablet, highlighting the critical need for rapid identification methods. Advanced infrared and Raman spectroscopy techniques were evaluated for testing drug seizures, with over 160 samples analyzed through packaging. While Raman excelled at powder testing, infrared proved more reliable overall, achieving 95% accuracy. Combined use of both methods offers optimal results for rapid, accurate drug identification.
Abstract
Despite the fact that drugs of abuse are illegal, a drug-free festival still remains an utopia in most settings. For law enforcement purposes, it i...
Role of oxidative phosphorylation in the antidepressant effects of arketamine via the vagus nerve-dependent spleen-brain axis.
Neurobiology of disease – September 01, 2024
Summary
A groundbreaking discovery reveals how the body's energy production system plays a key role in treating depression. Scientists found that arketamine's antidepressant effects work through a fascinating connection between the spleen and brain, linked by the vagus nerve. This pathway relies on oxidative phosphorylation and transforming growth factor β1 to improve mood and behavior. The spleen-brain axis appears crucial for the treatment's success.
Abstract
Arketamine, the (R)-enantiomer of ketamine, exhibits antidepressant-like effects in mice, though the precise molecular mechanisms remain elusive. I...
Facts and myths about use of esketamine for treatment-resistant depression: a narrative clinical review.
Frontiers in psychiatry – January 01, 2024
Summary
Breakthrough nasal spray medication offers new hope for people who haven't responded to traditional antidepressants. Esketamine shows promising results for treatment-resistant depression, helping patients achieve remission when other medications fail. This targeted therapy works differently than standard treatments for major depressive disorder, providing rapid relief and supporting long-term recovery.
Abstract
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) occurs when at least two different antidepressants, taken at the right dosage, for adequate period of time and...
Oral esketamine in patients with treatment-resistant depression: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with open-label extension.
Molecular psychiatry – September 01, 2024
Summary
A breakthrough in depression treatment may lie in personalized dosing: while fixed low-dose oral esketamine showed limited benefits, individually tailored higher doses significantly reduced symptoms in treatment-resistant patients. In a rigorous trial, patients receiving customized doses saw depression scores drop by 6 points on average, offering hope for those who haven't responded to conventional treatments.
Abstract
About one-third of patients with depression do not achieve adequate response to current treatment options. Although intravenous and intranasal admi...
Validation and application of a method for the quantification of 137 drugs of abuse and new psychoactive substances in hair.
Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis – June 15, 2024
Summary
Hair testing reveals surprising insights into drug use patterns! Scientists developed a groundbreaking forensic toxicology method that can detect 137 different substances in a single strand of hair. Using advanced mass spectrometry, the technique identifies both traditional drugs and novel psychoactive substances with remarkable accuracy, even at tiny concentrations. When tested on real forensic samples, it successfully spotted multiple substances, proving its value for modern drug screening.
Abstract
In the dynamic universe of new psychoactive substances (NPS), the identification of multiple and chemically diverse compounds remains a challenge f...
Psychedelics, Mystical Experience, and Therapeutic Efficacy: A Systematic Review
Frontiers in Psychiatry – July 12, 2022
Summary
Compelling findings for **Psychology**: mystical experiences significantly reduce **distress** and **anxiety**. Ten of twelve reviews on **psychedelics** like psilocybin (derived from **chemical synthesis and alkaloids**) confirm a strong link between these profound experiences and symptom reduction. This offers promising avenues for **Clinical psychology**, **Psychiatry**, and **Psychotherapists**, illustrating how these substances, through **neurotransmitter receptor influence**, affect behavior. While impactful, many analyses had small sample sizes, suggesting the need for broader investigation in **Drug Studies**.
Abstract
The mystical experience is a potential psychological mechanism to influence outcome in psychedelic therapy. It includes features such as oceanic bo...
Psychedelic Therapy: A Primer for Primary Care Clinicians – Part I. Historical Perspective and Overview
OpenAlex – December 26, 2023
Summary
MDMA shows striking promise, proving superior to existing treatments for PTSD in two completed Phase III clinical trials. This marks a new frontier in Psychiatry and Medicine. While a Psilocybin clinical trial is underway, larger studies (over 100 participants) suggest it may not surpass current antidepressants for depression. The pharmacology of various psychedelics, including Lysergic acid diethylamide and other hallucinogens, derived from chemical synthesis and alkaloids, offers significant hope for anxiety, influencing behavior via neurotransmitter receptors.
Abstract
Background: Psychedelic drugs have recently emerged as plausibly effective pharmacological agents for the management of depression, anxiety, and ot...