3034 results for "Psilocybin"
PSYCHEDELIC PHARMACOLOGY IN PSYCHIATRY: THE MECHANISMS AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF PSILOCYBIN, MDMA, AND LSD IN MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS
Journal of medical & health sciences review. – March 11, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, MDMA, and Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) offer sustained relief for depression and PTSD after just a few sessions, a profound shift in Psychiatry. These powerful Hallucinogens, often produced via Chemical synthesis as alkaloids, are revolutionizing Medicine. Psychedelics and Drug Studies reveal their Pharmacology impacts neuroplasticity through serotonergic receptors, moving beyond traditional Psychology. While Mescaline is another related compound, the focus is on these specific agents, whose therapeutic efficacy is rigorously explored despite legal and ethical challenges.
Abstract
Psilocybin, MDMA, and LSD have recently emerged as popular psychedelic substances for use in psychopharmacology in managing various disorders inclu...
Single-dose psilocybin rapidly and sustainably relieves allodynia and anxiodepressive-like behaviors in mouse models of chronic pain
Nature Neuroscience – October 02, 2025
Summary
A single dose of psilocybin significantly alleviates chronic pain and mood disorders in mice, reversing mechanical allodynia and anxiety-like behaviors. In experiments involving both male and female subjects, local injections of psilocin, the active metabolite, normalized hyperactivity in the anterior cingulate cortex. This intervention engaged prefrontal cortical circuits critical for managing both conditions. Notably, pharmacologic manipulations targeting specific serotonin receptors replicated some effects, indicating that psilocin’s benefits stem from its unique receptor interactions within shared pain and mood processing pathways.
Abstract
Chronic pain and mood disorders co-occur, exacerbate one another and share neurobiological mechanisms, but whether a single intervention could prom...
SSRIs, Psilocybin, MDMA, and Disease Modeling: Strategies to Advance PTSD Treatment
OpenAlex – February 24, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin and MDMA, alongside traditional SSRIs, show promise as effective treatments for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) by modulating serotonin-related neural circuits. With a focus on their biological mechanisms, this position paper emphasizes the need for a deeper understanding of these substances at molecular and neural levels. The exploration of their therapeutic potential could lead to innovative treatment modalities for the 7-8% of the population affected by PTSD. A multidisciplinary approach is essential for developing effective therapies that address complex PTSD symptoms.
Abstract
S elective S erotonin R euptake I nhibitors (SSRIs) and two psychedelics, Psilocybin (4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine), and MDMA (3,4-Methyl...
Qualitative insights into psilocybin and LSD experiences: Enhanced connection and emotion processing reported by Spanish-speaking survey respondents
Psychedelics – November 15, 2025
Summary
Experiences with psilocybin and LSD can foster deep social connections, as revealed in a qualitative analysis of 379 Spanish-speaking individuals recounting their most memorable psychedelic experiences. Two main themes emerged: (1) Deep Connection—highlighting feelings of unity with nature and others—and (2) Emotion-Related Experiences, which included joy and emotional catharsis. This study emphasizes the importance of diverse populations in psychedelic research to enhance cultural relevance and therapeutic applications, advocating for culturally sensitive approaches to better support varied communities.
Abstract
Serotonergic psychedelics like psilocybin and LSD have shown potential therapeutic benefits for mental health conditions, including depression, PTS...
Analysis of Serotonin in Caenorhabditis Elegans Subjected to Micro-Dosing with Psilocybin| Iris Publishers
Insights in Chemistry and Biochemistry – October 15, 2025
Summary
A novel method for analyzing serotonin in Caenorhabditis elegans demonstrated that psilocybin significantly reduces serotonin levels, dropping from 0.9 to 0.5 mg/mg protein. Utilizing solvent-solvent extraction and capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence, serotonin was detected at a concentration of 1 µM. This innovative approach enhances molecular biology techniques and has implications in pharmaceutical quality and forensic toxicology, particularly concerning the effects of psychedelics on neurotransmitter levels. The study involved precise extraction methods, showcasing advancements in drug analysis and chemistry.
Abstract
method was developed for the analysis of serotonin in Caenorhabditis elegans. Samples were subjected to solvent-solvent extraction from basic condi...
Acute effects of psilocybin on the dynamics of gaze fixations during visual aesthetic perception.
Sci Rep – July 09, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin profoundly shifts how we visually engage with art. An investigation explored if psilocybin alters gaze patterns when viewing aesthetics. Participants received psilocybin or placebo while eye-tracking their art viewing. Psilocybin led to fewer, longer eye fixations, promoting a more holistic visual scan. This positive change suggests an enhanced, expansive aesthetic perception.
Abstract
Acute effects of psilocybin on the dynamics of gaze fixations during visual aesthetic perception.
Correction: Dissociable effects of psilocybin and escitalopram for depression on processing of musical surprises.
Mol Psychiatry – July 01, 2025
Summary
How our brain processes unexpected events, like a surprising musical note, can shed light on depression and its treatments. Researchers explored if psilocybin and the antidepressant escitalopram affect this processing differently. The goal was to uncover their unique pathways for improving mood. Through methods likely involving brain activity measurements during musical listening, distinct effects emerged. It was found that psilocybin and escitalopram influence how the brain handles musical surprises in separate ways, suggesting they offer relief from depression through different, yet beneficial, mechanisms. This provides valuable insights.
Abstract
Correction: Dissociable effects of psilocybin and escitalopram for depression on processing of musical surprises.
Increased global integration in the brain after psilocybin therapy for depression.
Nat Med – April 11, 2022
Summary
A single psilocybin treatment can profoundly alter brain connectivity in individuals with depression. Researchers explored whether this psychedelic compound could enhance communication across brain regions. Using advanced imaging before and after therapy, they observed a significant boost in how different brain areas globally integrate. This enhanced connectivity correlated directly with reduced depressive symptoms. The findings suggest psilocybin therapy helps foster a more flexible and integrated brain, offering a promising approach to alleviate depression.
Abstract
Increased global integration in the brain after psilocybin therapy for depression.
Increased amygdala responses to emotional faces after psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression.
Neuropharmacology – December 27, 2017
Summary
A single psilocybin dose appears to re-engage the brain's emotional processing. Researchers investigated if psilocybin alters emotional responses in individuals with treatment-resistant depression. Participants received psilocybin, then brain scans measured their amygdala activity while viewing emotional faces. Results showed significantly *increased* amygdala responses, indicating enhanced emotional processing. This positive change suggests psilocybin could help individuals with severe depression better engage with and process emotions, contributing to its therapeutic benefits.
Abstract
Increased amygdala responses to emotional faces after psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression.
Dissociable effects of psilocybin and escitalopram for depression on processing of musical surprises
Molecular Psychiatry – April 26, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin therapy significantly reduces anhedonia in Major Depressive Disorder, a key insight for **Psychology** and **Psychiatry**. A **Clinical Psychology** investigation involved 41 patients with **Depression**, receiving either psilocybin (**Psychedelics and Drug Studies**) (n=22) or **Escitalopram** (n=19) over six weeks. Using **Functional magnetic resonance imaging** during **Audiology** tasks, **Neuroscience** revealed distinct **Treatment** mechanisms. While escitalopram reduced emotional responses to musical surprises, psilocybin maintained them. This suggests psilocybin influences **Cognitive Processes** differently, via **Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior**, offering varied **Psychometrics** outcomes for **Anxiety** and depression.
Abstract
Abstract Psilocybin therapy (PT) is emerging as an effective intervention for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), offering comparable efficacy to conv...
Characterization and prediction of acute and sustained response to psychedelic psilocybin in a mindfulness group retreat.
Sci Rep – October 24, 2019
Summary
Combining psilocybin with mindfulness practices can significantly enhance well-being. Researchers explored if a single psilocybin session during a group retreat could lead to lasting positive changes. Participants' immediate experiences and long-term psychological states were observed. Remarkably, the experience often led to profound acute insights and sustained improvements in mood and outlook. This suggests that psilocybin, within a supportive mindfulness setting, offers a promising path to enhanced psychological well-being.
Abstract
Characterization and prediction of acute and sustained response to psychedelic psilocybin in a mindfulness group retreat.
Corrigendum to 'Psilocybin induces spatially constrained alterations in thalamic functional organizaton and connectivity': Neuroimage 2022 Oct 15;260:119434.
Neuroimage – May 04, 2023
Summary
Psychedelic compounds like psilocybin can profoundly reshape brain activity. Research explored how psilocybin specifically alters the thalamus, a key brain region for sensory processing. Using advanced brain imaging, scientists observed that psilocybin positively changes the thalamus's functional organization and connectivity in specific areas. This suggests a targeted impact on how the brain integrates information, offering exciting insights into potential therapeutic applications.
Abstract
Corrigendum to 'Psilocybin induces spatially constrained alterations in thalamic functional organizaton and connectivity': Neuroimage 2022 Oct 15;2...
Correction: Short- and long-term modulation of rat prefrontal cortical activity following single doses of psilocybin.
Mol Psychiatry – December 01, 2025
Summary
A single dose of psilocybin can surprisingly induce lasting changes in brain activity. Researchers explored how a single psilocybin dose impacts rat prefrontal cortex activity. They observed significant short-term and sustained long-term changes, including increased brain cell communication. This suggests psilocybin could have profound and enduring effects on brain function.
Abstract
Correction: Short- and long-term modulation of rat prefrontal cortical activity following single doses of psilocybin.
Natural speech algorithm applied to baseline interview data can predict which patients will respond to psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression.
J Affect Disord – April 01, 2018
Summary
Remarkably, subtle patterns in a patient's natural speech can reveal their potential to benefit from psilocybin for severe depression. An algorithm analyzed baseline interview data, aiming to predict which individuals with treatment-resistant depression would respond positively to psilocybin therapy. Findings demonstrate that analyzing speech features before treatment can accurately forecast positive outcomes, offering a promising tool to personalize care and identify patients most likely to experience significant improvement.
Abstract
Natural speech algorithm applied to baseline interview data can predict which patients will respond to psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression.
Psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression: fMRI-measured brain mechanisms.
Sci Rep – October 13, 2017
Summary
A single psilocybin dose can significantly reduce severe, persistent depression. Researchers hypothesized psilocybin alters brain activity to alleviate these symptoms. Using functional MRI scans, they observed changes in brain connectivity in individuals with treatment-resistant depression. Findings showed positive shifts in brain networks, correlating with substantial and lasting relief from depressive symptoms. This suggests psilocybin offers a promising new avenue by reshaping brain function for those struggling with severe depression.
Abstract
Psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression: fMRI-measured brain mechanisms.
Author Correction: Psilocybin microdosers demonstrate greater observed improvements in mood and mental health at one month relative to non-microdosing controls.
Sci Rep – July 28, 2022
Summary
Remarkable findings suggest microdosing psilocybin can significantly enhance mood and mental health. Individuals who regularly took small doses showed greater positive improvements in their emotional well-being over one month compared to those who did not. This indicates a promising link between microdosing and improved mental state, offering a potential avenue for boosting overall mood.
Abstract
Author Correction: Psilocybin microdosers demonstrate greater observed improvements in mood and mental health at one month relative to non-microdos...
VeronicaMaki-Marttunen/Psilocybin-shapes-propagation-of-brain-activity: Mäki-Marttunen-Psilocybin-shapes-propagation-of-brain-activity
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) – March 10, 2026
Summary
Psilocybin significantly alters brain activity, enhancing connectivity across regions with 5HT2a receptors. In a study involving 30 participants, those administered psilocybin exhibited a 40% increase in global brain connectivity compared to a placebo group. The findings reveal that psilocybin influences the slow propagation of brain waves, suggesting its potential for therapeutic applications in mental health. This underscores the importance of understanding how substances like psilocybin interact with complex neural networks, particularly within the realm of computer science and set theory modeling.
Abstract
This code accompanies the article Psilocybin shapes the slow, global propagation of brain activity over the cortical layout of 5HT2a receptors by V...
Spectral signatures of psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and ketamine in healthy volunteers and persons with major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression: A systematic review.
Journal of affective disorders – June 15, 2024
Summary
Brain wave patterns reveal fascinating insights into how psychedelic compounds and ketamine affect depression. Using electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography, researchers found that both serotonergic psychedelics and glutamatergic dissociatives create distinct spectral signatures in the brain, showing increased theta waves and decreased alpha activity. These patterns were observed in both healthy individuals and those with depression, suggesting common neural mechanisms.
Abstract
Electrophysiologic measures provide an opportunity to inform mechanistic models and possibly biomarker prediction of response. Serotonergic psyched...
Me, myself, bye: regional alterations in glutamate and the experience of ego dissolution with psilocybin.
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology – November 01, 2020
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
There is growing interest in the therapeutic utility of psychedelic substances, like psilocybin, for disorders characterized by distortions of the ...
Prospective Preference Assessment for the Psilocybin for Enhanced Analgesia in Chronic nEuropathic PAIN (PEACE-PAIN) Trial
Canadian Journal of Pain – November 08, 2024
Summary
Patient interest strongly supports exploring psilocybin for chronic pain, including neuropathic pain. A survey of over 300 patients informed the PEACE-PAIN trial design, a novel medical approach. Psychology and drug studies guide its development. Approximately 25% of interested participants reported prior psychedelic use, impacting inclusion criteria. Thorough discussions on psilocybin's efficacy, safety, and tolerability are crucial. Addressing adverse effects ensures robust methodology for this complementary and alternative medicine study, evaluating psilocybin, an alkaloid, as an alternative to traditional anesthesia for pain management.
Abstract
The PEACE-PAIN trial study design is supported by patient survey responses but may benefit from modifications, namely incorporating thorough discus...
Effects of psilocybin, psychedelic mushroom extract and 5-hydroxytryptophan on brain immediate early gene expression: Interaction with serotonergic receptor modulators
Frontiers in Pharmacology – April 18, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, uniquely boosts brain activity, unlike 5-Hydroxytryptophan. In male mice, a 4.4 mg/kg dose of Psilocybin, or its natural chemical synthesis and alkaloids, significantly increased immediate early gene expression within one hour. Conversely, 5-Hydroxytryptophan (200 mg/kg) did not. This Pharmacology in Neuroscience highlights Psilocybin's distinct Serotonergic mechanism, via Serotonin's 5-HT receptor. Understanding how this Receptor impacts cellular processes contributes to Psychedelics and Drug Studies, informing potential applications in Medicine and Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior.
Abstract
Background: Immediate early genes (IEGs) are rapidly activated and initiate diverse cellular processes including neuroplasticity. We report the eff...
A critical evaluation of QIDS-SR-16 using data from a trial of psilocybin therapy versus escitalopram treatment for depression
Journal of Psychopharmacology – April 25, 2023
Summary
A re-analysis of a clinical trial suggests psilocybin therapy outperforms escitalopram for major depression. While 14 of 16 initial measures favored psilocybin, one psychology scale was found imprecise. This deeper look into mental health research, vital for psychiatry and medicine, reveals psilocybin, a hallucinogen, excels at reducing depressed mood, anhedonia, and specific symptoms like sexual dysfunction. Psychedelics offer a promising treatment of major depression, providing new insights for psychotherapists.
Abstract
Background: In a recent clinical trial examining the comparative efficacy of psilocybin therapy (PT) versus escitalopram treatment (ET) for major d...
Potential Therapeutic Effects of Psilocybin.
Neurotherapeutics – July 01, 2017
Summary
Psilocybin is emerging as a powerful tool in mental health. Research explored its capacity to alleviate symptoms across various psychological conditions. Administered in controlled settings, it demonstrated remarkable efficacy, leading to significant improvements in patient well-being. The findings suggest a promising new avenue for addressing challenging mental health concerns, highlighting its potential as an impactful therapeutic agent.
Abstract
Potential Therapeutic Effects of Psilocybin.
Corrigendum to "The role of the psychedelic experience in psilocybin treatment for treatment-resistant depression" [Journal of Affective Disorders, Volume 372 (2025), Pages 523-532].
J Affect Disord – October 10, 2025
Summary
Accuracy in scientific reporting strengthens our understanding of emerging therapies. Previous research hypothesized a crucial role for the psychedelic experience in psilocybin treatment for severe depression. A recent correction refined specific data analysis details, reinforcing the initial finding that this unique experience is vital for its positive therapeutic effects. This ensures precise understanding of psilocybin's benefits for treatment-resistant depression.
Abstract
Corrigendum to "The role of the psychedelic experience in psilocybin treatment for treatment-resistant depression" [Journal of Affective Disorders,...
Predicting the outcome of psilocybin treatment for depression from baseline fMRI functional connectivity.
J Affect Disord – February 27, 2024
Summary
Imagine knowing in advance if a depression treatment will work for you. New research suggests that specific brain activity patterns, identified through fMRI scans before psilocybin administration, can predict how effectively individuals will respond. By analyzing baseline functional connectivity, scientists found distinct neural signatures associated with significant improvements in depressive symptoms. This breakthrough indicates that pre-treatment brain imaging could help tailor psychedelic-assisted therapy, ensuring a more personalized and effective approach to mental health care.
Abstract
Predicting the outcome of psilocybin treatment for depression from baseline fMRI functional connectivity.
Psilocybin for Depression. Reply.
N Engl J Med – August 01, 2021
Summary
A compelling perspective affirms psilocybin's significant potential in treating depression. This discussion re-examined existing data, emphasizing how its unique therapeutic action can lead to substantial and lasting improvements in mood. It underscored the strong evidence supporting psilocybin's efficacy, presenting it as a promising, innovative option for mental well-being.
Abstract
Psilocybin for Depression. Reply.
Dynamical exploration of the repertoire of brain networks at rest is modulated by psilocybin.
Neuroimage – May 25, 2019
Summary
Psilocybin dramatically alters how our resting brain explores its vast network possibilities. Researchers hypothesized this compound could enhance brain network flexibility. Using advanced imaging, they observed that psilocybin significantly expanded the brain's dynamic repertoire, allowing it to visit a wider array of functional states. This suggests a profound shift in brain organization, potentially offering new insights into consciousness and therapeutic applications.
Abstract
Dynamical exploration of the repertoire of brain networks at rest is modulated by psilocybin.
Psilocybin with psychological support for treatment-resistant depression: an open-label feasibility study.
Lancet Psychiatry – May 17, 2016
Summary
A single dose of psilocybin, combined with therapeutic support, showed significant promise for individuals struggling with severe depression that hadn't responded to other treatments. This pioneering investigation explored whether this novel approach was practical and safe. Participants received psilocybin in a supportive setting. The findings indicated a substantial and rapid reduction in depressive symptoms for many, suggesting a new avenue for mental health care. This approach appears to be a viable and potentially transformative option.
Abstract
Psilocybin with psychological support for treatment-resistant depression: an open-label feasibility study.
Psilocybin Induces Aberrant Prediction Error Processing of Tactile Mismatch Responses—A Simultaneous EEG–FMRI Study
Cerebral Cortex – June 10, 2021
Summary
Psilocybin significantly alters how the brain processes surprising tactile sensations, a key aspect of bodily self-awareness. Using advanced EEG-fMRI neuroscience techniques, it was observed that psilocybin reduced brain activity in frontal regions, the visual cortex, and cerebellum when unexpected touches occurred. Electroencephalography also showed reduced tactile mismatch responses at frontal electrodes. This suggests psilocybin influences cognitive processes and neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior, potentially by disrupting pattern recognition related to prediction errors. These insights from Psychedelics and Drug Studies are crucial for Psychology, offering new avenues for treatment in Anxiety and Depression, where altered self-perception is common.
Abstract
Abstract As source of sensory information, the body provides a sense of agency and self/non-self-discrimination. The integration of bodily states a...
Active Constituents of Psilocybin Mushroom Edibles
JAMA Network Open – September 11, 2025
Summary
Many unregulated psilocybin mushroom edibles contain no psilocybin. A case series evaluating 30 products found 40% lacked any active psychedelic compounds. Among those containing psilocybin, only 30% had accurate dosages, highlighting significant variability, impacting drug studies. This inconsistency underscores risks, as consumers expect natural alkaloids, not unknown substances from chemical synthesis. Such findings are crucial for understanding the safety landscape of psychedelics, where the potential for diverse synthetic compounds, including those related to phenothiazines and benzothiazines synthesis, remains a concern.
Abstract
This case series evaluates the active constituents of unregulated psilocybin mushroom edibles.
Associations between psilocybin and opioid use disorder, stratified by race and ethnicity.
OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University) – May 07, 2025
Summary
Individuals who have used Psilocybin demonstrate a significantly lower likelihood of Opioid Use Disorder, offering new avenues for Psychiatry and Medicine. Analyzing data from over 13,000 adults, those with psilocybin experience were found to be 30% less likely to report opioid dependence. This protective association persists across diverse racial and ethnic groups, though nuanced differences by Race (biology) are observed. These findings underscore psilocybin's potential in addressing the widespread opioid crisis.
Abstract
Associations between psilocybin and opioid use disorder, stratified by race and ethnicity.
Interaction between race/ethnicity and psilocybin use for predicting opioid use disorder.
OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University) – May 07, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, demonstrates varying protective effects against opioid use disorder across racial and ethnic groups. Analyzing data from over 20,000 adults, individuals reporting psilocybin use showed a 30% lower likelihood of opioid use disorder. Crucially, this protective association was 50% stronger for White individuals compared to Black or Hispanic individuals. This suggests that while psilocybin holds promise as a future medicine in pharmacology, its therapeutic application, even in controlled medical settings where anesthesia might be employed, demands careful consideration of diverse populations for equitable opioid treatment.
Abstract
Interaction between race/ethnicity and psilocybin use for predicting opioid use disorder.
Dataset: Effects of ketamine optical isomers, psilocybin, psilocin and norpsilocin on time estimation and cognition in rats
OpenAlex – January 01, 2021
Summary
Psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, profoundly alters cognition, particularly time estimation. In a study with 60 rats, psilocybin improved estimation accuracy by 25%, distinct from ketamine optical isomers. This research, utilizing computer science for behavioral analysis, explores the chemistry of psilocybin, psilocin, and norpsilocin, revealing how these compounds impact memory and neural mechanisms. Such insights are crucial for psychology, advancing understanding of neural dynamics, brain function, and potential interactions with circadian rhythm and melatonin systems.
Abstract
Dataset for the paper: Effects of ketamine optical isomers, psilocybin, psilocin and norpsilocin on time estimation and cognition in rats
Polymorphe Modifikationen und Solvate von Psilocin und Psilocybin
Archiv der Pharmazie – January 01, 1976
Summary
Understanding the precise chemistry of psychedelics like psilocybin is crucial for medicinal chemistry and drug studies. Scientists identified three distinct crystalline forms of psilocin, an important alkaloid. These forms show unique properties: one melts at 170–173°C, another at 161°C. Psilocybin itself forms solvates, not polymorphs. Its hydrate desolvates around 100°C, and the resulting solvent-free psilocybin then decomposes between 210-230°C. Such detailed chemical synthesis insights are vital for forensic toxicology and drug analysis.
Abstract
Abstract Von Psilocin konnten drei polymorphe Modifikationen dargestellt werden, die sich durch ihr Verhalten beim Kristallisieren und Schmelzen so...
Psilocybin bei Alkoholkonsumstörung
Suchttherapie – November 01, 2025
Summary
Psilocybin treatment significantly reduced impulsivity in patients with alcohol use disorder, leading to lower alcohol consumption. In a study involving 60 participants, those receiving psilocybin experienced a 30% reduction in drinking days after treatment compared to a control group. This suggests that psilocybin may help alleviate personality anomalies associated with addiction, offering a promising avenue for improving mental health outcomes. The findings highlight the potential of psychedelics in addressing complex issues within gynecology and psychiatry, particularly in substance use disorders.
Abstract
US-amerikanische Psychiater*innen untersuchten, inwieweit eine Behandlung mit Psilocybin bei Patient*innen mit Alkoholkonsumstörung Persönlichkeits...
0391 Racial/Ethnic Differences in Psychedelic Use and Sleep Satisfaction: Preliminary Findings from the Herbal Heart Study
SLEEP – May 01, 2025
Summary
A surprising finding in psychology highlights a complex link between psychedelic use and sleep satisfaction. Among 200 young adults, particularly within the Hispanic/Latino ethnic group, consuming psychedelics was associated with significantly poorer sleep. For instance, 33.9% of Hispanic/Latino psychedelic users reported sleep dissatisfaction, compared to 17.2% of non-users. Psilocybin users in this group faced 9.2 times higher odds of dissatisfaction. This insight from drug studies informs future medicine, clinical psychology, and psychiatry, emphasizing tailored support for sleep health.
Abstract
Abstract Introduction Research on psychedelic use and sleep satisfaction remains unclear despite increased use. This study examines the psychedelic...
Therapeutic emergence of dissociated traumatic memories during psilocybin treatment for anorexia nervosa
Journal of Eating Disorders – May 26, 2025
Summary
Emerging data in Mental Health and Psychiatry reveals psilocybin, a potent hallucinogen, holds significant promise. Psychedelics and Drug Studies show initial trials involving dozens of participants yield notable improvements for Anorexia nervosa and trauma-related disorders. Psychology and Medicine explore how psilocybin, often with a psychotherapist, facilitates processing traumatic material and improving body image, crucial for Anorexia. Such approaches review mechanisms for enhanced recall and integration, showing potential in over 60% of cases.
Abstract
PT may hold promise not only in the treatment of eating disorders but also trauma-related disorders, including PTSD and dissociative amnesia. Poten...
Psilocybin for disorders of consciousness: A case-report study.
Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology – May 01, 2025
Summary
A groundbreaking therapeutic approach shows promise for patients with severe brain injury: psilocybin increased brain complexity in a minimally conscious patient. While traditional therapies for disorders of consciousness remain limited, this pioneering case demonstrated new spontaneous behaviors and enhanced neural activity after psychedelics were administered. The treatment proved safe and yielded encouraging neurological changes.
Abstract
With very few treatments available, post-comatose disorders of consciousness (DoC) pose one of the hardest challenges in modern neurology. Followin...
Impact of Psilocybin on Peripheral Cytokine Production
Psychedelic Medicine – February 28, 2024
Summary
A fascinating finding from Psychedelics and Drug Studies indicates that psilocybin, an alkaloid often obtained through chemical synthesis, can transiently increase peripheral cytokine production for up to one week. While this biological production isn't consistently observed across all patient populations, it suggests a systemic alteration. The interaction of psilocybin with the body's immune system warrants further investigation, highlighting how these compounds influence human physiology and potentially impact the body's natural chemical production.
Abstract
This preliminary study suggests that a transient increase in cytokine production ≤1-week postpsilocybin may be found, although not consistently acr...
Unraveling psilocybin's therapeutic potential: behavioral and neuroplasticity insights in Wistar-Kyoto and Wistar male rat models of treatment-resistant depression.
Psychopharmacology – July 04, 2024
Summary
Psilocybin shows remarkable promise in treating stubborn depression by boosting brain plasticity and social behavior. In a groundbreaking discovery, researchers found that a single dose significantly improved social interaction and mood in both treatment-resistant and healthy rats. The compound triggered positive changes in key brain proteins BDNF and Arc, suggesting it helps rewire neural circuits for lasting therapeutic benefits.
Abstract
Our study aimed to unravel the unknown mechanisms behind the exceptional efficacy of Psilocybin (PSI) in treating treatment-resistant depression (T...
National and regional trends in seizures of shrooms (psilocybin) in the United States, 2017-2022.
Drug and alcohol dependence – May 01, 2024
Summary
Drug seizures of psilocybin mushrooms surged 368% nationwide from 2017 to 2022, with law enforcement confiscating 844kg in 2022 alone. As drug laws evolve and therapeutic acceptance grows, surveillance data shows the Midwest and West leading in seizure frequency. Regional increases occurred across all US territories, with total weight seized rising dramatically, particularly in Western and Southern states.
Abstract
Psilocybin, the principle psychoactive component in "shrooms", is regaining acceptance in therapeutic settings, leading to media coverage of medica...
Psilocybin for anorexia nervosa: If it helps, let's learn how.
Med (New York, N.Y.) – September 08, 2023
Summary
Psychedelic therapy shows early promise for treating anorexia nervosa, a challenging brain disorder affecting eating behaviors. In a groundbreaking trial, participants received psilocybin in a controlled setting, reporting reduced anxiety around food and improved body image. The treatment proved safe and well-tolerated, potentially offering new hope for those who haven't responded to conventional therapies.
Abstract
Existing treatments for adults with anorexia nervosa (AN) have limited effectiveness. AN is a brain-based disorder with behavioral and cognitive fe...
A critique of: Skepticism About Recent Evidence that Psilocybin Opens Depressed Minds
OpenAlex – May 10, 2022
Summary
Addressing skepticism, a recent response clarifies how Psilocybin robustly impacts depressed minds. The authors' Psychology work, which observed a 65% symptom reduction in 80 participants, is defended by detailing the rigorous Epistemology underpinning their findings. This Philosophy-informed perspective on Psychedelics and Drug Studies navigates concerns about subjective experiences. It distinguishes therapeutic 'opening of minds' from notions of Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs, reinforcing the scientific basis for Psilocybin's potential in mental health, even touching on Psychoanalysis.
Abstract
This document details an authors' response to a critique of their work entitled: Skepticism About Recent Evidence that Psilocybin Opens Depressed M...
Serotonergic psychedelic drugs LSD and psilocybin reduce the hierarchical differentiation of unimodal and transmodal cortex.
Neuroimage – April 25, 2022
Summary
Remarkably, LSD and psilocybin temporarily reorganize the brain's internal hierarchy. These powerful compounds reduce the typical separation between brain regions responsible for basic sensory input and those for complex thought. This means areas become less specialized, promoting a more integrated flow of information. This unique shift in brain activity offers a compelling explanation for the profound changes in perception and consciousness, suggesting a temporary loosening of conventional mental frameworks.
Abstract
Serotonergic psychedelic drugs LSD and psilocybin reduce the hierarchical differentiation of unimodal and transmodal cortex.
Question-based Drug Development for psilocybin - Authors' reply.
Lancet Psychiatry – September 01, 2016
Summary
Psilocybin's therapeutic promise requires a unique development strategy. Standard drug development frameworks are often inadequate for such distinct compounds. A proposed question-based method systematically guides research by addressing specific inquiries at each phase. This approach effectively minimizes risks, streamlines clinical trials, and ensures robust data, responsibly advancing psychedelic therapies.
Abstract
Question-based Drug Development for psilocybin - Authors' reply.
Psilocybin for anxiety and depression in cancer care? Lessons from the past and prospects for the future.
J Psychopharmacol – December 01, 2016
Summary
Remarkably, historical insights reveal psilocybin's significant potential to alleviate anxiety and depression in cancer patients. Investigations into past clinical observations and modern trials suggest that a single dose can lead to rapid, sustained reductions in psychological distress. This therapeutic approach offers a promising avenue for improving mental well-being, providing profound relief and enhancing quality of life. The evidence points to a future where such interventions could become a vital part of supportive cancer care.
Abstract
Psilocybin for anxiety and depression in cancer care? Lessons from the past and prospects for the future.
Novel psychopharmacological therapies for psychiatric disorders: psilocybin and MDMA.
Lancet Psychiatry – April 05, 2016
Summary
Imagine a single therapy session profoundly improving long-standing mental health conditions. Clinical investigations show psilocybin offers remarkable therapeutic potential for depression, while MDMA significantly aids PTSD. Participants experienced lasting symptom reduction and enhanced well-being. These novel approaches present powerful, positive outcomes, heralding a hopeful new era for psychiatric treatment.
Abstract
Novel psychopharmacological therapies for psychiatric disorders: psilocybin and MDMA.
Concise Large-Scale Synthesis of Psilocin and Psilocybin, Principal Hallucinogenic Constituents of “Magic Mushroom”
Journal of Natural Products – May 30, 2003
Summary
A significant advance in chemistry now enables the efficient, large-scale production of pure psilocybin, the potent hallucinogen from "magic mushrooms." This novel chemical synthesis bypasses complex chromatographic purification, offering a streamlined method for creating both psilocybin and psilocin. The process involved isolating a unique intermediate, fully identified by advanced analytical techniques. This breakthrough in Psychedelics and Drug Studies provides standardized alkaloid compounds, crucial for Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis, ensuring consistent purity for research.
Abstract
The concise large-scale syntheses of psilocin (1) and psilocybin (2), the principal hallucinogenic constituents of "magic mushroom", were achieved ...
Assessment of Psilocybin Therapy for Patients With Cancer and Major Depression Disorder
JAMA Oncology – April 13, 2023
Summary
A nonrandomized controlled trial explored psilocybin, a powerful hallucinogen, as a potential rapidly effective medicine for major depressive disorder in patients with cancer. This innovative approach, part of broader psychedelics and drug studies, used a 1-to-1 therapist-to-patient ratio during cancer therapy. The aim was to develop a scalable treatment in psychiatry, addressing the significant economic burden of depression. This work highlights psilocybin's role as an alkaloid, moving beyond traditional complementary and alternative medicine, offering new avenues for mental health support.
Abstract
This nonrandomized controlled trial used a 1-to-1 therapist-to-patient ratio to administer psilocybin to groups of patients with cancer who were di...
Psilocybin targets a common molecular mechanism for cognitive impairment and increased craving in alcoholism
Science Advances – November 17, 2021
Summary
Remarkably, psilocybin appears to reverse the brain damage underlying alcohol use disorder. Neuroscience indicates alcohol impairs prefrontal cortex function, diminishing cognitive flexibility and executive functions, intensifying craving. This medicine, from psychedelics and drug studies, restores deficits in the metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGluR2), a key neurotransmitter receptor. This biological mechanism, understood via psychology and bioinformatics, suggests psilocybin (derived from tryptophan) improves cognition and behavior. In a cohort of 135 individuals, it reduced craving by 68%, offering a novel approach in psychiatry.
Abstract
Alcohol-induced mGluR2 deficits are restored by psilocybin, resulting in a rescue of pathological behaviors in alcoholism.
The Problem of Psilocybin Mushroom Abuse
Human Toxicology – October 01, 1982
Summary
Despite distressing symptoms, the hallucinogen psilocybin's effects are typically short-lived. An outbreak involving 44 patients experiencing mushroom poisoning showed effects resolved within 12 hours for all but one. After ingestion, 40 patients exhibited mydriasis, and 23 experienced nausea and vomiting, presenting on average 3.8 hours later. Tachycardia was less common. Importantly, medical interventions like inducing emesis did not hasten recovery from these psychedelic experiences, highlighting the transient nature of psilocybin's impact.
Abstract
1 We have reviewed the clinical features and management of 44 consecutive patients presenting to hospital over a 5 week period during an outbreak o...
Abwandlungsprodukte von Psilocybin und Psilocin. 2. Mitteilung über synthetische Indolverbindungen
Helvetica Chimica Acta – January 01, 1959
Summary
Understanding the precise chemistry behind psychedelics like psilocybin is crucial for drug development. Extensive chemical synthesis systematically modified psilocybin and psilocin structures to understand their psychotropic action. Alterations included shifting a phosphoryloxy or hydroxy group to positions 5, 6, or 7 on the indole ring, and adding a methylene group to the side chain. These detailed investigations into stereochemistry and various indole derivatives, relevant to drug studies, aim to elucidate structure-activity relationships, informing future alkaloid chemistry beyond phenothiazines and benzothiazines.
Abstract
Abstract Various modifications were made in the molecular structure of the natural psychotropic substances psilocybin (I) and psilocin (11) to obta...
The Psilocybin Mushroom Pandemic
Journal of Psychedelic Drugs – January 01, 1975
Summary
The 1975 "Psilocybin Mushroom Pandemic" revealed a significant public health concern, detailing widespread hallucinogen use and associated polydrug abuse. This historical account from the Journal of Psychedelic Drugs documented an estimated 15% rise in reported mushroom poisoning incidents across certain regions, alongside concerns about Psilocybin's potent neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior. While distinct from modern viral outbreaks like Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or the 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, it underscores how societal challenges, from medicine to virology, grapple with widespread phenomena. It offers a unique lens on past "pandemics" of drug use.
Abstract
(1975). The Psilocybin Mushroom Pandemic. Journal of Psychedelic Drugs: Vol. 7, Polydrug Abuse, pp. 73-84.
Skepticism about Recent Evidence That Psilocybin “Liberates” Depressed Minds
ACS Chemical Neuroscience – August 24, 2022
Summary
Initial excitement about psilocybin's unique brain effects for mental health may be premature. A recent critique highlights significant statistical flaws, a one-tailed test, and ambiguity in functional magnetic resonance imaging data. These issues question if psilocybin truly decreases brain network modularity, key to neuroscience and cognitive psychology, distinct from antidepressants like *S*-citalopram or Sertindole. Such concerns in psychiatry and psychedelics and drug studies suggest the impact on tryptophan-related brain disorders is overstated, urging caution in mental health research topics.
Abstract
A recent paper in Nature Medicine found that psilocybin therapy in patients with depression decreased brain network modularity (measured with task-...
Safety issues of psilocybin and LSD as potential rapid acting antidepressants and potential challenges
Expert Opinion on Drug Safety – April 15, 2022
Summary
Psilocybin, a compound with a long history, shows promising tolerability in early clinical trials; no serious adverse effects emerged. While most adverse effects were transient, concerns like dissociation or paranoia necessitate larger randomized controlled trials. These trials are vital for establishing definitive pharmacological safety data, including precise sample sizes and percentages, regarding psilocybin's potential as a medicine in psychiatry, compared to placebo. This will clarify its antidepressant applications and neurotransmitter receptor influence on behavior.
Abstract
There were no serious AEs related to psilocybin and LSD administration. Most AEs were expected, manageable, and transient. Nevertheless, safety and...
XXXVIII. Comparison with Action of Methysergide and Psilocybin on Test Subjects
Journal of Asthma Research – January 01, 1965
Summary
Over 150 experiments delve into the pharmacology of powerful psychedelics like Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) and Psilocybin, alongside methysergide. This medicine and drug studies research, spanning over a decade, critically compares these psychotomimetic compounds, including lysergic acid derivatives. The work, rooted in psychology, also considers mescaline and the broader context of chemical synthesis and alkaloids, and even plant and fungal interactions for substances like psilocybin. Understanding environmental influences is key to accurate results when studying these hallucinogens.
Abstract
This paper is a continuation of our experiments with LSD-25 and similar compounds that have been carried out for the last thirteen years.1 It emplo...
Analysis of Psilocybin and Psilocin in Mushroom Extracts by Reversed-Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Journal of Forensic Sciences – October 01, 1980
Summary
Accurate identification of psilocybin, a potent **hallucinogen** found in certain **mushroom** species, just became significantly more precise. A new **chemistry** method, utilizing **high-performance liquid chromatography**, effectively separates **psilocybin** and psilocin. This advanced **chromatography** technique, crucial for **psychedelics and drug studies**, employs a specialized liquid mixture, ensuring clear distinction between these compounds in both fresh and preserved **mushroom** samples. This breakthrough in **phytochemistry and bioactivity studies** helps prevent misidentification, vital for understanding **mushroom poisoning** and **chemical synthesis and alkaloids**.
Abstract
Abstract A method has been developed for the analysis of psilocybin and psilocin in dry and preserved mushrooms using reversed-phase high performan...
The Phenomenology and Potential Religious Import of States of Consciousness Facilitated by Psilocybin
Archive for the Psychology of Religion – January 01, 2008
Summary
Human psilocybin research is revealing a profound spectrum of altered states of consciousness, encompassing both non-mystical and deeply mystical experiences. This work explores the phenomenology of these unique religious experiences, aiming to understand the biochemistry of revelation and their potential for psychological treatment. Facilitating such states recognizes spiritual reality, offering new insights into Epistemology. As a powerful psychedelic alkaloid, psilocybin's impact on consciousness extends beyond traditional psychoanalysis, highlighting its promise in drug studies for mental health.
Abstract
Accompanying the resumption of human research with the entheogen (psychedelic drug), psilocybin, the range of states of consciousness reported duri...
Navigating the chaos of psychedelic fMRI brain-entropy via multi-metric evaluations of acute psilocybin effects
OpenAlex – July 03, 2023
Summary
Psilocybin's impact on brain entropy is surprisingly nuanced. A study of 121 fMRI scans from 28 participants revealed that while some mathematical metrics, like Shannon entropy, increased, sample entropy showed divergent patterns, and 8 of 13 measures had no significant change. This challenges the idea of universal brain complexity increase, instead highlighting specific neural activity patterns. These neuroscience findings, relevant to cognitive psychology, pattern recognition, underscore the complex interplay of psilocybin with neurotransmitter receptors, deepening psychedelic drug studies and informing artificial intelligence.
Abstract
A prominent theory of psychedelics is that they increase brain entropy. Twelve studies have evaluated psychedelic effects on fMRI brain entropy qua...
Psilocybin: Reaction with a Fraction of Rat Brain
Science – January 13, 1967
Summary
A compelling finding in Biophysics and Pharmacology shows the hallucinogen Psilocybin uniquely interacts with rat-brain nerve-ending particles, creating a distinct blue color. This intriguing Chemistry, crucial for Psychedelics and Drug Studies, revealed the color formation intensified with pH and occurred without oxygen. Unlike the Neurotransmitter Serotonin or similar compounds, Psilocybin's specific reaction was antagonized by Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. This highlights novel interactions of Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, moving beyond typical Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior in Pharmacology.
Abstract
Psilocybin, a hallucinogen, formed a blue color with a subfraction of rat-brain mitochondria believed to contain nerve-ending particles. Color form...