1178 results for "Consciousness"
Comparison of Fentanyl, Ketamine, and Lidocaine Combined with Propofol Anesthesia in Patients with Crohn Disease Undergoing Colonoscopy.
Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research – June 01, 2024
Summary
Pain management breakthrough: Ketamine and lidocaine prove safer alternatives to fentanyl during colonoscopies for Crohn's patients. These medications reduced oxygen desaturation risks and required less propofol while maintaining stable blood pressure. Patients recovered faster and reported equal satisfaction, marking a significant advance in making these procedures safer and more comfortable.
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colonoscopy is the predominant invasive procedure for Crohn disease (CD) patients. Opioids and propofol carry risks of respiratory and c...
The phenomenology of psilocybin's experience mediates subsequent persistent psychological effects independently of sex, previous experience, or setting.
Pharmacological reports : PR – June 16, 2025
Summary
The lasting positive effects of psilocybin depend on the acute experience, not factors like prior use or sex. Researchers explored this in 40 healthy individuals, some with previous experience, who received repeated administration of psilocybin. Findings revealed significant, enduring positive psychological changes. Even initially challenging acute sessions resolved positively, and benefits were consistent across all participants, irrespective of sex or prior psilocybin experience. Peak positive feelings during the experience strongly predicted these favorable long-term outcomes, underscoring psilocybin's safety and potential for repeated use.
Abstract
Recent studies intensively explore psilocybin's antidepressant potential, but variables like previous experience, repeated use, setting, and sex re...
Amazonian Ayahuasca and Mental Health Outcomes
CORE – June 17, 2024
Summary
Traditional Amazonian plant medicine shows promising effects on mental well-being and personal growth. Analysis of retreat participants revealed significant improvements in depression, anxiety, and stress levels after ceremonial use. The brew's unique combination of natural compounds appears to promote positive personality changes and deeper connection to nature, while participants reported meaningful psychological insights during sessions. Results suggest careful, traditional administration may offer therapeutic benefits.
Abstract
Ayahuasca is a psychedelic plant brew originating from the Amazon Rainforest. It is formed from two basic components, the Banisteriopsis caapi vine...
Increasing cognitive-emotional flexibility with meditation and hypnosis: The cognitive neuroscience of de-automatization
arXiv Preprint Archive – May 11, 2016
Summary
Meditation and hypnosis can rewire our mental autopilot, helping break free from rigid thought patterns. Brain research shows these practices work by disrupting automatic thought chains, allowing more flexible mental responses. Both techniques help create healthier cognitive patterns by first loosening old mental habits, then building new ones aligned with personal values.
Abstract
Meditation and hypnosis both aim to facilitate cognitive-emotional flexibility, i.e., the "de-automatization" of thought and behavior. However, lit...
Evaluation of the peak experience scale as a rapid assessment tool for the strength of a psychoactive experience with 5-MeO-DMT.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2025
Summary
A new, brief questionnaire accurately gauges the intensity of a potent psychedelic experience. Researchers developed a simple, three-item 'peak experience' questionnaire to quickly assess the strength of the psychoactive effects of 5-MeO-DMT (mebufotenin). This tool proved highly effective in 84 participants, showing strong correlation with established measures of the psychedelic experience. Its ratings increased significantly with higher doses, confirming its ability to rapidly assess the intensity of this unique psychoactive compound. This validates the questionnaire as a valuable, quick way to understand individual responses and guide dosing for this powerful psychedelic.
Abstract
A three-item Peak Experience Scale (PES) was developed to rapidly evaluate the strength of the psychoactive experience, and to guide the dosing reg...
Neurobehavioral and Molecular Pharmacology of Pharmahuasca ($\textit{N,N}$-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and Harmine) in Humans – A Combined Neuropharmacological and Brain Imaging Approach
CORE – June 04, 2025
Summary
A groundbreaking approach combining two powerful compounds, DMT and harmine, has shown they can safely induce positive changes in human brain connectivity and perception. Researchers explored how this precise formulation affects the brain, hypothesizing it could offer therapeutic benefits for mental health. Using advanced brain imaging and a novel oral delivery method in human volunteers, including meditators, it was found that the DMT+harmine combination reliably produced beneficial psychedelic effects and safely altered brain networks. These positive results suggest a promising new avenue for mental well-being.
Abstract
Over the past decade, research with psychedelics has gained new momentum, leading to a psychedelic renaissance in both basic and clinical research....
A systematic review and narrative summary of the therapeutic potential of classic serotonergic psychedelics for smoking cessation and reduction
Journal of Psychopharmacology – July 11, 2025
Summary
Compelling evidence suggests certain hallucinogens may aid smoking cessation. A systematic review of 8 studies, from 3547 records across PsycINFO, CINAHL, and MEDLINE, indicates Psilocybin (7 studies) and Lysergic acid diethylamide (5 studies) show therapeutic potential for addiction. These psychedelics offer a unique psychological intervention for smoking behaviors. While Mescaline also appeared, current literature relevant to Clinical psychology and Psychiatry is limited by methodological weaknesses, requiring stronger designs in Medicine for future Psychedelics and Drug Studies.
Abstract
Background: Classic serotonergic psychedelics are 5-HT2A partial agonists that induce non-ordinary states of consciousness. Many have demonstrated ...
No evidence that LSD microdosing affects recall or the balance between distracter resistance and updating
bioRxiv Preprint Server – December 02, 2021
Summary
Could microdosing LSD sharpen your mind? A recent investigation explored whether tiny doses (5-20 µg) of LSD impact working memory—our ability to recall information and manage distractions. Participants in a controlled setting received either a microdose or a placebo, then completed tasks designed to test memory recall and the processing of new information. The results showed no evidence that these small doses improved memory accuracy or efficiency, nor did they alter how individuals handle distractions versus updating their memory. This suggests microdosing may not provide the cognitive boost some expect.
Abstract
The effect of low doses (<=20 μg) of LSD on working memory, in the absence of altered states of consciousness, remain largely unexplored. Given its...
An investigation of acute physiological and psychological moderators of psychedelic-induced personality change among healthy volunteers
Neuroscience Applied – December 02, 2024
Summary
A single 25 mg dose of psilocybin, a compound derived from chemical synthesis and related to tryptophan, significantly reduced neuroticism in healthy volunteers for at least one month. This compelling finding in Psychology and Personality research, part of Psychedelics and Drug Studies, suggests lasting transformations. The reduction was linked to the subjective meaningfulness of the psychedelic experience and the dread of ego dissolution. Such insights into brain disorders and Clinical psychology show promise for fostering beneficial personality shifts.
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of a single high-dose of psilocybin on personality traits in psychedelic-naïve healthy volunteers. These data o...
Ketamine Sedation Facilitates Asleep DBS: a multicenter retrospective study
medRxiv Preprint Server – December 12, 2021
Summary
Brain surgery for Parkinson's often requires patients to be awake for precise mapping. A new analysis investigated if low-dose ketamine could allow sedation without compromising critical brain monitoring. This multi-center review found ketamine successfully facilitated "asleep" Deep Brain Stimulation, enabling accurate lead placement while significantly improving patient comfort. This offers a promising option for Parkinson's patients.
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is commonly and safely performed for selective Parkinson’s disease patients. Many centers perform DBS lead positioning...
"Honoring Beautiful Connections": LGBTQA+ Perspectives on Providing Safe and Inclusive Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy.
Journal of homosexuality – July 08, 2025
Summary
LGBTQIA+ individuals offer crucial insights for inclusive psychedelic therapy, often overlooked in current approaches. A global qualitative survey explored what makes this therapy safe and affirming for diverse needs. Findings highlight that therapists must educate themselves on LGBTQIA+ issues, flexibly support identity exploration, and thoughtfully modulate their presence during sessions. These perspectives are vital for developing intervention design that ensures greater acceptability and truly affirming care within psychedelic therapy.
Abstract
Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy (PAT) is a rapidly growing therapeutic approach that to date has rarely considered the nuanced needs of LGBTQA+ indivi...
The Need for Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy in the Black Community and the Burdens of Its Provision
Frontiers in Psychiatry – January 20, 2022
Summary
MDMA-assisted therapy, a compelling development in Psychedelic Medicine, is in phase-3 FDA clinical trials for PTSD, designated a "breakthrough therapy" in 2017. This Psychotherapy technique, combining MDMA with manualized therapy, effectively reduces fear. Psychology and Psychiatry are now exploring its potential to address trauma from chronic race-based experiences among Black, Indigenous, and other People of Color. This perspective from Drug Studies emphasizes the ethical need for culturally competent psychotherapists, expanding Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications, and offering new Academic and Historical Perspectives in Psychology.
Abstract
Psychedelic medicine is an emerging field that examines entheogens, psychoactive substances that produce non-ordinary states of consciousness (NOSC...
Development of the Japanese version of the 30‐item Mystical Experience Questionnaire
Neuropsychopharmacology Reports – March 13, 2024
Summary
Understanding profound human experiences, especially those linked to psychedelics, just became more globally accessible. A team successfully created a Japanese version of the Mystical Experiences Questionnaire (MEQ30). Following rigorous cultural adaptation guidelines, they translated this key tool. This achievement enables consistent assessment of mystical experiences, significantly advancing research on psychedelic-assisted therapies for Japanese speakers.
Abstract
Abstract Introduction Psychedelics have garnered increased attention as potential therapeutic options for various mental illnesses. Previous studie...
Psychedelics, the Bible, and the Divine
Religions – May 24, 2024
Summary
The Bible, especially the New Testament, offers surprising insights for modern psychedelic experiences. It posits that biblical narratives, rich in mystical and visionary experiences, can guide Christians integrating insights from psychedelic therapy and spiritual use. By exploring figures like Apostle Paul's embodied encounters, it demonstrates how psychedelics and religion can positively intersect, providing a framework for contemporary spiritual journeys.
Abstract
The current psychedelic renaissance intersects with Christian practices in two key ways. First, as psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT) becomes more ...
Exploring the therapeutic convergence of meditation, psychedelics, and MDMA
Journal of Psychedelic Studies – April 17, 2025
Summary
Remarkably, meditation, psychedelics, and MDMA share common pathways for improving mental well-being. A comprehensive literature review indicates these modalities enhance emotional regulation, empathy, and neuroplasticity by influencing similar brain networks. Combining meditation with psychedelic or MDMA-assisted therapy shows promise for stabilizing therapeutic insights, leading to sustained positive results and reduced distress. This convergence offers a powerful new approach for mental health.
Abstract
AbstractBackground and aimsPsychedelic and MDMA-assisted psychotherapy are at the forefront of new treatment models for mental illnesses such as PT...
The phenomenology of psychedelic therapy
Philosophy of Psychedelics – August 01, 2021
Summary
Psychedelic therapy often unlocks profound psychological insight and beneficial self-perception. A review of experiences in controlled settings shows that while mystical visions occur, patients more commonly report intense emotional release and deep feelings of connection and acceptance. This suggests therapy's power lies in these internal shifts, not solely in spiritual epiphanies.
Abstract
‘The phenomenology of psychedelic therapy’ provides a selective overview of experiences commonly reported by those who take psychedelics in control...
Assessment of the acute effects of 2C-B vs psilocybin on subjective experience, mood and cognition
OpenAlex – February 16, 2023
Summary
A compelling finding reveals the hallucinogen 2C-B, derived from mescaline, offers a "lighter" psychedelic experience than psilocybin. In a study of 22 healthy participants, 2C-B produced psychedelic states, but psilocybin led to larger dysphoria, subjective impairment, and auditory alterations, impacting mood and cognition. Both compounds, compared to placebo, caused equivalent psychomotor slowing and spatial memory issues. This work in psychology and drug studies advances understanding of how these substances, influencing neurotransmitter receptors, affect behavior.
Abstract
Abstract 2,5-dimethoxy-4-bromophenethylamine (2C-B) is a hallucinogenic phenethylamine derived from mescaline. Observational and preclinical data h...
A single inhalation of vapor from dried toad secretion containing 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) in a naturalistic setting is related to sustained enhancement of satisfaction with life, mindfulness-related capacities, and a decrement of psychopathological symptoms.
Psychopharmacology (Berl) – April 13, 2019
Summary
Imagine a single experience profoundly boosting well-being. Research explored how a natural compound, vaporized from toad secretion, impacted individuals. Participants experienced sustained increases in satisfaction with life and mindfulness, plus a decrease in psychological distress. This points to significant positive mental health outcomes.
Abstract
A single inhalation of vapor from dried toad secretion containing 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) in a naturalistic setting is related...
Effects of psilocybin therapy on personality structure
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica – June 19, 2018
Summary
Psilocybin therapy significantly alters personality traits in patients with treatment-resistant depression. In a study of 20 participants, neuroticism scores dropped while extraversion increased, aligning with normative data. Openness also rose notably, while conscientiousness showed slight improvement and agreeableness remained unchanged. These effects were linked to the level of insight gained during the psilocybin experience. The findings suggest that psychedelics may induce unique personality changes compared to traditional antidepressants, warranting further investigation into the underlying brain mechanisms.
Abstract
Objective To explore whether psilocybin with psychological support modulates personality parameters in patients suffering from treatment‐resistant ...
Quality of Acute Psychedelic Experience Predicts Therapeutic Efficacy of Psilocybin for Treatment-Resistant Depression
Frontiers in Pharmacology – January 17, 2018
Summary
The quality of a psychedelic experience profoundly impacts long-term mental health. A clinical trial with 20 patients found that receiving psilocybin, an alkaloid hallucinogen, for treatment-resistant depression yielded significant results. Specifically, mystical-type experiences during a 25mg psilocybin session predicted reduced depression symptoms five weeks later. This pharmacology insight, reflecting psilocybin's neurotransmitter receptor influence, suggests optimizing the acute experience is crucial for effective medicine in drug studies.
Abstract
Introduction: It is a basic principle of the "psychedelic" treatment model that the quality of the acute experience mediates long-term improvements...
Cross-Species Evidence for Psilocin-Induced Visual Distortions: Apparent Motion Is Perceived by Both Humans and Rats.
Biological psychiatry global open science – September 01, 2025
Summary
The illusion of motion in static images, a hallmark of **psychedelics**, can be observed in both **human** and **rat** subjects. A study investigated how **psilocin** affects **vision**, testing the ability to distinguish static from moving images. Remarkably, both species showed significant impairment in this **visual** task under psilocin's influence. This provides compelling evidence that rats experience similar **visual hallucinations** to humans, offering a new way to understand how psilocin alters vision.
Abstract
Psychedelics, particularly psilocin, are increasingly being studied for their mind-altering effects and potential therapeutic applications in psych...
Assessing the Attitudes of Dutch Mental Health Care Professionals Toward Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy: A Cross-Sectional Exploratory Study
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs – June 23, 2025
Summary
Dutch mental health professionals largely embrace psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy, a promising development in mental health care. A cross-sectional study of 198 clinicians revealed positive attitudes toward treatments using compounds like MDMA and psilocybin. This exploratory research in psychology found attitudes correlated with prior personal use of these natural compound pharmacology studies. Psychotherapists believe psychiatrists and clinical psychologists are ideal administrators, preferring specialized hospital settings within medicine. While supporting psychedelics and drug studies, including chemical synthesis and alkaloids, concerns persist about connecting with patients during altered states.
Abstract
Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) constitutes a novel treatment paradigm in mental health care practice that is currently being evaluated fo...
Psilocybin as a psychophysical adaptogen in chronic pain rehabilitation.
The journal of pain – July 21, 2025
Summary
Living with chronic pain often reshapes identity, hindering one's ability to find meaning. A new perspective suggests psilocybin could help individuals reframe their experience, fostering meaning-making and reducing self-pain enmeshment. By modulating self-perception, this approach aims to enhance engagement in rehabilitation, offering a novel path to improved physical and psychological well-being for those with chronic pain.
Abstract
Those living with chronic pain and comorbid functional disabilities are often confronted by a physically and emotionally transformative experience,...
Informed Consent Documents from Psychedelic Clinical Trials: A Descriptive Ethical Analysis.
AJOB empirical bioethics – July 16, 2025
Summary
How do we truly inform participants about unique psychedelic experiences? Analyzing informed consent documents from psilocybin clinical trials, researchers found that while essential risks were well-covered, details specific to altered states, like ineffability, were less common. This highlights ongoing efforts in psychedelic bioethics to develop enhanced consent, ensuring comprehensive participant understanding for psychedelic clinical trials.
Abstract
Classic psychedelics, such as psilocybin and LSD, evoke certain kinds of altered states of consciousness. Specific features of the experience, such...
Risk of complications using a sedation protocol for aeromedical retrieval of acutely unwell mental health patients: a retrospective cohort study in Outback Australia.
Emergency medicine journal : EMJ – July 16, 2025
Summary
For patients needing critical care transport due to acute mental health conditions, the choice of sedation during aeromedical retrieval is crucial for safety. Research explored if a specific sedation protocol could reduce risks for those with severe psychological conditions. Analyzing over a decade of air ambulance records, it compared patients treated with a protocol to others. Findings show that adhering to the protocol led to significantly fewer complications, both overall and severe. Specifically, using ketamine as part of this treatment approach was associated with improved safety outcomes, avoiding issues like intubation seen with other medications. This suggests a protocolized approach greatly enhances patient well-being during transport.
Abstract
Aeromedical transfer of acutely unwell mental health (AMH) patients presents potential risks to patient, staff and aircraft. Pharmacological option...
Changes in functional connectivity preserve scale-free neuronal and behavioral dynamics.
Physical review. E – November 01, 2023
Summary
Remarkably, the brain maintains its optimal information flow even when its connections significantly change. This work explored if the brain optimizes its activity, specifically how robust this tuning is to altered connections. Using the compound ibogaine, mice showed fundamentally altered brain connectivity. Yet, their characteristic brain activity patterns and movement dynamics remained largely unaffected. This indicates the brain's ability to transmit information is incredibly robust, adapting its networks to preserve optimal communication.
Abstract
Does the brain optimize itself for storage and transmission of information, and if so, how? The critical brain hypothesis is based in statistical p...
Spatiotemporal Mapping of Online Interest in Cannabis and Popular Psychedelics before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poland
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health – May 29, 2022
Summary
Interest in psilocybin significantly increased during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Poland. Online search data, acting as a sensing technique for public psychology, revealed that 12 (60%) of 20 popular hallucinogens, including cannabis, exhibited distinct seasonal patterns across different geographies. Psilocybin and ayahuasca showed annual interest peaks, while cannabis displayed quarterly fluctuations. These insights from Psychedelics and Drug Studies highlight evolving trends in drug interest, offering valuable information for public health monitoring during and after the pandemic.
Abstract
Background: Psychedelics represent a unique subset of psychoactive substances that can induce an aberrant state of consciousness principally via th...
A narrative synthesis of research with 5-MeO-DMT.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) – March 01, 2022
Summary
A powerful classic psychedelic, 5-methoxy-n, n-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), is gaining attention for its profound effects. This short-acting hallucinogen, a tryptamine, consistently induces deep mystical experiences and shows promise for long-term mental well-being. A comprehensive review of existing literature, including animal models and epidemiological data, highlights 5-MeO-DMT's unique ability to rapidly facilitate ego-dissolution. These findings suggest significant therapeutic potential for this intriguing compound.
Abstract
5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a naturally occurring, short-acting psychedelic tryptamine, produced by a variety of plant and anim...
Registered clinical studies investigating psychedelic drugs for psychiatric disorders.
Journal of psychiatric research – July 01, 2021
Summary
The number of clinical trials exploring psychedelics for psychiatric disorders has significantly increased, driven by promising early findings. Researchers are investigating compounds like MDMA and psilocybin, primarily for conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder and depression. Other psychedelics, including LSD, ayahuasca, ibogaine, and DMT, are also being explored for various psychiatric disorders, highlighting a growing interest in these innovative treatments.
Abstract
Psychedelics are a hallucinogenic class of psychoactive drugs with the primary effect of activating non-ordinary states of consciousness. Due to th...
Tags
Ibogaine and Subjective Experience: Transformative States and Psychopharmacotherapy in the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder.
Journal of psychoactive drugs – January 01, 2019
Summary
Many people seeking help for opioid use disorder experience profound spiritual transformation during a unique oneiric psychedelic drug treatment. This approach explores how the powerful hallucinogen, ibogaine, impacts subjective experience. Researchers observed 44 participants, finding ibogaine often induced "complete mystical experiences" with vivid visions. These led to confronting past actions but also offered release from guilt and worthlessness, highlighting ibogaine's distinct healing capacity beyond mere withdrawal reduction from opioids.
Abstract
This article examines the therapeutic potential of ibogaine, a powerful oneiric alkaloid derived from Tabernanthe iboga, through exploring the subj...
Functional neurotoxicity evaluation of noribogaine using video-EEG in cynomolgus monkeys.
Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods – January 01, 2016
Summary
A key concern for new medications is their potential impact on brain activity. To assess seizure risk for noribogaine, a promising compound for opioid dependence, researchers conducted careful electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring in cynomolgus monkeys. They administered noribogaine at various doses, finding no EEG evidence of seizures or increased seizure risk. While mild, temporary behavioral changes were noted, brain activity remained normal. For comparison, pentylenetetrazol reliably induced seizures, confirming the EEG monitoring's sensitivity. This positive finding suggests noribogaine is safe concerning seizure potential at tested doses.
Abstract
Continuous video-electroencephalographic (EEG) monitoring remains the gold standard for seizure liability assessments in preclinical drug safety as...
A systematic review of the effects of novel psychoactive substances 'legal highs' on people with severe mental illness.
Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing – June 01, 2016
Summary
The widespread use of 'legal highs' presents unique risks for individuals with severe mental illness, yet their specific effects are poorly understood. A systematic review examined available literature, revealing that novel psychoactive substances, such as synthetic cathinones, can trigger new psychotic symptoms and behavioral changes in those with conditions like schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. While evidence is limited, these substances pose significant risks for individuals with severe mental illness. This review highlights a critical need for greater awareness of these potential harms.
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Novel psychoactive substances (NPS) include synthetic drugs mimicking the effects of illicit drugs, e.g. synthetic c...
Internet-purchased ibogaine toxicity confirmed with serum, urine, and product content levels.
The American journal of emergency medicine – July 01, 2015
Summary
Ibogaine, often purchased online for addiction treatment, poses significant health risks, including heart complications. Despite its growing use, the exact way it causes toxicity has been unclear. A patient experiencing an overdose was closely monitored, revealing severe symptoms like altered mental status and temporary heart rhythm issues. Analysis confirmed ibogaine and its breakdown products in his system, showing a complex elimination process. This detailed observation provides vital insights into ibogaine's toxic effects and how the body processes it, aiding medical understanding.
Abstract
Ibogaine, a psychotropic indole alkaloid, is gaining popularity among medical subcultures for its purported anti addictive properties. Its use has ...
Hallucinogenic drugs in pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures.
Neurologia (Barcelona, Spain) – January 01, 2015
Summary
Ancient Mesoamerican culturas precolombinas extensively used hallucinogens for spiritual and healing rituals. Evidence, some over 5000 years old, confirms the widespread use of substances like peyote and hallucinogenic fungi, including Psilocybe spp. and Turbina corymbosa. These alucinógenos were central to ancient societies, with archaeological and historical findings showing hongos and other psychoactive plants induced altered states. This rich tradition persists today.
Abstract
The American continent is very rich in psychoactive plants and fungi, and many pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures used them for magical, therapeut...
Analysis of electrical brain waves in neurotoxicology: γ-hydroxybutyrate.
Current neuropharmacology – March 01, 2011
Summary
Remarkably, brainwave analysis can reveal how different substances uniquely impact the cerebral cortex. Researchers investigated how compounds like gamma hydroxybutyrate, cocaine, ibogaine, and domoic acid alter electrical activity. Using electrocorticogram recordings in rats, they analyzed power spectra. They found gamma hydroxybutyrate caused significant electrical energy increases, resembling absence seizures. Chronic cocaine exposure reduced slow-wave activity in the cerebral cortex. Furthermore, ibogaine combined with cocaine altered specific brainwave frequencies, indicating its influence on the serotonergic system. This approach provides a sensitive tool for understanding drug effects.
Abstract
Advances in computer technology have allowed quantification of the electroencephalogram (EEG) and expansion of quantitative EEG (qEEG) analysis in ...
Stimulus control by 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine in wild-type and CYP2D6-humanized mice.
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior – September 01, 2011
Summary
A fascinating finding reveals that a compound called harmaline can significantly boost the perceptual effects of another substance, 5-MeO-DMT. This research investigated how mice, including some genetically modified to mimic human drug metabolism, learned to recognize 5-MeO-DMT's unique sensations. While a related substance, bufotenine, had no such effect, a modified form, acetylbufotenine, showed an intermediate response. Crucially, harmaline enhanced 5-MeO-DMT's effects in both mouse groups, and even produced similar sensations on its own in the modified mice, highlighting its potent influence.
Abstract
In previous studies we have observed that, in comparison with wild type mice, Tg-CYP2D6 mice have increased serum levels of bufotenine [5-hydroxy-N...
Use patterns and self-reported effects of Salvia divinorum: an internet-based survey.
Drug and alcohol dependence – October 01, 2010
Summary
Many users of the psychoactive plant Salvia divinorum report a unique experience, with over a quarter experiencing an increased sense of well-being that lasted at least 24 hours. An online survey of 500 users, mostly young men, explored their reasons and methods. Most smoked or vaporized Salvia, with acute effects lasting around 14 minutes. While a small minority reported lasting anxiety, persistent adverse effects were uncommon, and most users would consider using it again. This suggests Salvia divinorum offers brief, unique experiences, with a notable potential for extended positive mood effects.
Abstract
There is growing use of Salvia divinorum (SD), a psychoactive plant that produces hallucinogen-like effects through a kappa opioid receptor (KOR) m...
Legally high? Legal considerations of Salvia divinorum.
Journal of psychoactive drugs – June 01, 2008
Summary
State-level prohibitions on the hallucinogenic plant Salvia divinorum are rapidly emerging, a unique legal trend not seen in decades. This analysis details the plant's recent rise in public awareness and examines the diverse legal mechanisms states employ—from new laws to pending legislation—to control its use. It highlights the significant implications arising from these varied state regulations, offering valuable insight into a complex legal landscape.
Abstract
The legal status of the hallucinogenic plant Salvia divinorum has been rapidly changing. Legal prohibitions on this plant native to Oaxaca, Mexico ...
Adolescent salvia substance abuse.
Addiction (Abingdon, England) – May 01, 2007
Summary
While salvia's acute hallucinogenic effects typically fade quickly, its impact can surprisingly linger. Despite its increasing popularity among adolescents, little is known about the full clinical effects of this easily accessible substance. A case study involving a 15-year-old user revealed acute mental changes like paranoia and persistent déjà vu, lasting for days after use. This suggests salvia use may be linked to previously undocumented, prolonged psychological effects.
Abstract
Salvia divinorum is a non-water-soluble hallucinogen that is becoming increasingly popular among adolescents. Salvia is a highly selective full ago...
Pharmacodynamic effects of serotonin (5-HT) receptor ligands in pigs: stimulation of 5-HT2 receptors induces malignant hyperthermia.
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology – June 01, 1990
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
In pigs, the serotonin-2 (5-HT2) receptor agonist 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI), 0.8 mg/kg, induced "psychotic" behaviour (e....
Nociception is enhanced by the intrathecal injection of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine in the rat.
Neuroscience letters – December 13, 1982
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The effect of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeODMT) at the spinal cord level on nociceptive reflexes was tested using the tail-flick assay in...
Clinical Utility of Mystical Experiences: An Overview and Conceptual Framework.
The International journal of clinical and experimental hypnosis – July 21, 2025
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Mystical experiences (MEs) are often profound and transformative encounters with a transcendent reality. Reported across many cultures and religion...
The Gateway Experience Facilitates Psychological Well-Being.
Integrative psychological & behavioral science – March 13, 2025
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of the Gateway Experience (GE) on psychological well-being. The GE has been developed several decades ago for t...
Comparison between pediatric and adult acute natural cannabinoids toxicity: A 5-year retrospective study with special consideration of acute synthetic cannabinoids toxicity.
Toxicology reports – June 01, 2025
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Acute cannabinoids toxicity is an alarming toxicological problem. The current study aimed to compare children and adults with acute natural cannabi...
Dynamic brain states underlying advanced concentrative absorption meditation: A 7-T fMRI-intensive case study.
Network neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) – January 01, 2025
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Advanced meditation consists of states and stages of practice that unfold with mastery and time. Dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) analysis of ...
The art of music. The representation of musical instruments in the rock art of Zimbabwe.
Azania – January 01, 2025
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
This article explores the relationship between music and rock art by looking at the occurrence of musical instruments at rock art sites in Zimbabwe...
Psychoactive substance use among medical and paramedical undergraduate students of Lucknow.
Journal of education and health promotion – January 01, 2025
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Psychoactive drugs are substances that, when taken in or administered into one's system, affect mental processes like perception, consciousness, co...
Thinking's bad rap: the uses and Misuses of Zen Buddhist meditation in psychoanalytic therapy.
American journal of psychoanalysis – March 01, 2025
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The author makes a distinction between the expressive Soto Zen practice of shikantaza (just sitting, only sitting) that was promulgated by Eihei Dō...
Tinnitus, lucid dreaming and awakening. An online survey and theoretical implications.
Hearing research – March 01, 2025
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Tinnitus is the perception of phantom sound in the absence of a corresponding external source. Previous studies reported that the presence of tinni...
Mindfulness Practice and Work Performance: The Mediating Role of Emotional Intelligence and Psychological Capital.
Brain and behavior – January 01, 2025
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The practice of mindfulness is becoming more widespread among employees, with potential benefits for workplace outcomes. However, there is a paucit...
Mace Poisoning: Accidental Toxic Ingestion in a Child Leading to a Reversible Coma.
Cureus – December 01, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
Nutmeg and mace are commonly known for their medicinal and culinary properties. The chemical compounds found in nutmeg and mace, notably myristicin...
Phenomenology of Psychedelic Experiences and Psychedelic-Associated Distressing Effects: Quantifying Subjective Experiences.
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences – December 31, 2024
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
The range of phenomena that can be induced by psychedelic substances is broad and variable, including effects on perception, cognition, and emotion...
Safety and cognitive pharmacodynamics following dose escalations with 3-methylmethcathinone (3-MMC): a first in human, designer drug study.
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology – June 01, 2025
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
3-Methylmethcathinone (3-MMC) is a designer drug that belongs to the group of synthetic cathinones. The compound has been scheduled in many jurisdi...
You….. And Me…..and a Cup of Tea: Eight insights we've gleaned from enlightened masters.
Explore (New York, N.Y.) – January 01, 2025
Summary
No Summary
Abstract
This Reflection piece offers eight insights that have been gleaned from enlightened masters related to the nature of consciousness, awareness and e...
Processing of self-related thoughts in experienced users of classic psychedelics: A source localisation EEG study.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry – January 10, 2025
Summary
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Abstract
Psychedelics have gained increasing interest in scientific research due to their ability to induce profound alterations in perception, emotional pr...
The historical opposition to psychedelic research and implications for credibility in psychiatry.
CNS spectrums – November 21, 2024
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Abstract
Psychedelics are a group of psychoactive substances that alter consciousness and produce marked shifts in sensory perception, cognition, and mood. ...
Meditation and Compassion Therapy in Psychiatric Disorders: A Pilot Study.
Cureus – July 01, 2024
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Abstract
Introduction Our study aimed to compare meditation and compassion-based group therapy with the standard of care in patients with eating disorders, ...
Exploring the transformative potential of out-of-body experiences: A pathway to enhanced empathy.
Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews – August 01, 2024
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Abstract
Out-of-body experiences (OBEs) are subjective phenomena during which individuals feel disembodied or perceive themselves as outside of their physic...
Sleep and lucid dreaming in adolescent athletes and non-athletes.
Journal of sports sciences – August 01, 2024
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Abstract
During lucid dreaming (LD), dreamers are aware of experiencing a dream and may consciously influence its content. This study used an online questio...
Provoking lucid dreams at home with sensory cues paired with pre-sleep cognitive training.
Consciousness and cognition – October 01, 2024
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No Summary
Abstract
The ability to realize that you're dreaming - lucid dreaming - has value for personal goals and for consciousness research. One route to lucid drea...